Ocean Science Ocean Science Research and Research and

Education Education in the United in the United

StatesStates

US Federal Spending on Science and Engineering R & D

Total Spending Including Life Sciences

Total Spending by Agency

# of Doctorates# of Doctorates

16.7% of all PhDs are in Physical 16.7% of all PhDs are in Physical SciencesSciences

1.8% of all PhDs in Earth, Ocean and 1.8% of all PhDs in Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric SciencesAtmospheric Sciences

682 PhDs in 2008 in Earth, Ocean 682 PhDs in 2008 in Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciencesand Atmospheric Sciences

Ocean Sciences ResearchOcean Sciences Research

National Science Foundation (NSF)National Science Foundation (NSF) National Oceanic and Atmospheric National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration (NOAA)Administration (NOAA) SeaGrantSeaGrant

National Aeronautics and Space National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationAdministration

Department of EnergyDepartment of Energy Environmental Protection AgencyEnvironmental Protection Agency

National Science National Science FoundationFoundation

$6.06 Billion per year$6.06 Billion per year 20% of all federal funding for basic 20% of all federal funding for basic

researchresearch $350 million to Ocean Sciences$350 million to Ocean Sciences Many interdisciplinary programsMany interdisciplinary programs

Carbon and WaterCarbon and Water Long Term Ecological ResearchLong Term Ecological Research Integrated Graduate Research and Integrated Graduate Research and

Education TrainingEducation Training

Inspector General

National Science Board

Staff Offices

Computer & InformationScience& Engineering

Engineering GeosciencesMathematical & Physical Sciences

Social, Behavioral & Economic Sciences

Education & Human Resources

Budget, Finance & Award Management

Information Resource Management

Biological Sciences

National Science FoundationNational Science FoundationDirector Deputy Director

Directorate for Geosciences Directorate for Geosciences (GEO)(GEO)

Research in the atmospheric, earth, and ocean Research in the atmospheric, earth, and ocean sciencessciences

Principal source of federal funding for university-Principal source of federal funding for university-based fundamental research in the geosciencesbased fundamental research in the geosciences

Advances scientific knowledge of Earth's environmentAdvances scientific knowledge of Earth's environment

Advances ability to predict natural phenomena of Advances ability to predict natural phenomena of economic and human significance, including climate economic and human significance, including climate change, weather prediction, earthquakes, tsunamis, change, weather prediction, earthquakes, tsunamis, fish-stock fluctuations, and disruptive events in the fish-stock fluctuations, and disruptive events in the solar-terrestrial environment (space weather)solar-terrestrial environment (space weather)

Assistant Director for GeosciencesDr. Tim Killeen

Assistant Director for GeosciencesDr. Tim Killeen

Division ofEarth Sciences

Division ofEarth Sciences

Division ofAtmospheric

Sciences

Division ofAtmospheric

Sciences

Diversity and Education in Geosciences

Diversity and Education in Geosciences

Division ofOcean Sciences

Division ofOcean Sciences

Directorate for Geosciences

http://www.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?div=OCE

Division of Ocean Sciences (OCE)

• Supports basic research and education to further understanding of all aspects of the global oceans and their interactions with the solid earth and the atmosphere, including: biological, chemical and physical processes that characterize

both coastal seas and deep ocean basins geological and geophysical processes that shape the

continental shelves and deep sea floor resource and hazard assessment and the health of the oceans’

complex and diverse ecological systems

• Supports operation, acquisition, construction, and conversion of major shared-use oceanographic facilities needed to carry out oceanographic-related research programs

GEO BudgetsGEO BudgetsGEO Budget Breakdown FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008

in Millions of Dollars Actual Request Request

Atmospheric Sciences $216.13 $226.85 $240.84 Research & Education Grants 96.67 103.12 111.39

Centers Programs 4.00 8.00 8.00 Facilities (NCAR, etc.) 115.46 115.73 121.45

Earth Sciences $140.35 $152.30 $163.30

Research & Education Grants 92.92 98.63 101.01

Centers Programs 6.67 6.68 6.80 Facilities (EarthScope O&M, IRIS, etc.) 40.76 46.99 55.49

Ocean Sciences $289.09 $307.13 $329.29

Research & Education Grants 161.12 151.76 158.66

Centers Programs & LTER Centers 3.13 7.50 7.46

Facilities (Research fleet, IODP, etc.) 124.84 147.87 163.17

Innovative & Collaborative Education &

Research

$58.37 $58.57 $58.57

Total, GEO $703.95 $744.85 $792.00

Division of Ocean Sciences: Dr. Julie MorrisDivision of Ocean Sciences: Dr. Julie Morris

Ocean Sciences Section

Ocean Sciences Section

Chemical Oceanography

Chemical Oceanography

Biological Oceanography

Biological Oceanography

Physical Oceanography

Physical Oceanography

Marine Geosciences Section

Marine Geosciences Section

Marine Geology & Geophysics

Marine Geology & Geophysics

Ocean DrillingOcean Drilling

Integrative Programs Section

Integrative Programs Section

Ocean Sciences EducationOcean Sciences Education

Oceanographic Instrumentation & Technical Services

Oceanographic Instrumentation & Technical Services

Oceanographic Technology & Interdisciplinary Coordination

Oceanographic Technology & Interdisciplinary Coordination

Ship Facilities & SupportShip Facilities & Support

Ship OperationsShip Operations

FY2009-GeoSciences

Special ProgramsSpecial Programs

Ocean Drilling ProgramOcean Drilling Program US GLOBECUS GLOBEC Long Term Ecological Research Long Term Ecological Research

(LTER)(LTER) Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI)Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI)

$351M$351M

Ocean Obervatories Ocean Obervatories InitiativeInitiative

Scientific Ocean Drilling Vessel (SODV) Scientific Ocean Drilling Vessel (SODV)

After 20 years of service, the JOIDES Resolution, the pioneering scientific ocean drilling vessel that has revolutionized our understanding of earth and ocean history, is getting an extreme makeover. The new and improved vessel will have enhanced drilling capability, 30 percent more lab space, and more habitable living conditions for a larger scientific party. The new vessel will recover sediment and rock from the global ocean to study the deep biosphere, the flow of sub seafloor fluids, past climate and environmental change, and solid earth cycles and geodynamics. The vessel will also be used to install oceanographic observatory networks. The new ship is expected to be ready for science in late 2007.

Recent Cross-Cutting Activities Recent Cross-Cutting Activities in GEOin GEO

• Dynamics of Coupled Natural & Human Systems (SBE, GEO, Dynamics of Coupled Natural & Human Systems (SBE, GEO, BIO, ENG)BIO, ENG) quantitative, interdisciplinary analyses of relevant quantitative, interdisciplinary analyses of relevant human and natural system processes and complex interactions human and natural system processes and complex interactions among human and natural systems at diverse scales (last among human and natural systems at diverse scales (last November)November)

• Carbon and Water in the Earth System (ATM,OCE, EAR)Carbon and Water in the Earth System (ATM,OCE, EAR) understanding of complex relationships between and within understanding of complex relationships between and within global water and carbon cycles (last March)global water and carbon cycles (last March)

• Cyberinfrastructure for Environmental Observatories: Prototype Cyberinfrastructure for Environmental Observatories: Prototype Systems to Address Cross-Cutting Needs(OCI, GEO, BIO, ENG)Systems to Address Cross-Cutting Needs(OCI, GEO, BIO, ENG) for the development of practical environmental for the development of practical environmental cyberinfrastructure prototypes along with a demonstration of cyberinfrastructure prototypes along with a demonstration of their capability to answer significant environmental research their capability to answer significant environmental research questions (last January)questions (last January)

• Collaboration in Mathematical Geosciences (GEO, DMS)Collaboration in Mathematical Geosciences (GEO, DMS) collaborations between mathematicians and geoscientists collaborations between mathematicians and geoscientists addressing modeling large complex geosystems, representing addressing modeling large complex geosystems, representing uncertainty in geosystems, and analyzing large geoscience uncertainty in geosystems, and analyzing large geoscience datasets (this February)datasets (this February)

Inspector General

National Science Board

Staff Offices

Computer & InformationScience& Engineering

Engineering GeosciencesMathematical & Physical Sciences

Social, Behavioral & Economic Sciences

Education & Human Resources

Budget, Finance & Award Management

Information Resource Management

Biological Sciences

National Science FoundationNational Science FoundationDirector Deputy Director

Ocean Education Ocean Education FundingFunding

National Science Foundation-Primary National Science Foundation-Primary SourceSource

NOAANOAA SeaGrantSeaGrant National Estuarine Research ReservesNational Estuarine Research Reserves

Office of Naval Research-not muchOffice of Naval Research-not much Department of Energy-not much in ocean Department of Energy-not much in ocean

educationeducation National Institutes of Health-not much in National Institutes of Health-not much in

ocean educationocean education

Ocean Sciences in Formal Ocean Sciences in Formal Education (Schools)Education (Schools)

Not much in National Educational Not much in National Educational StandardsStandards

Few courses in high schoolFew courses in high school Some in some textbooksSome in some textbooks Not much in inquiry-based experimentsNot much in inquiry-based experiments

On-line resources through COSEE, The On-line resources through COSEE, The BridgeBridge

Individual teachers, schools, and learning Individual teachers, schools, and learning centerscenters

Informal EducationInformal Education

200 zoos and aquaria are members of 200 zoos and aquaria are members of the Association of Zoos and Aquariathe Association of Zoos and Aquaria

30-40 major aquaria in the US 30-40 major aquaria in the US attracting 30-40 million visitors each attracting 30-40 million visitors each yearyear For example-1.5M people visit New For example-1.5M people visit New

England Aquarium each yearEngland Aquarium each year After school programsAfter school programs MediaMedia Boys and Girls ScoutsBoys and Girls Scouts

COSEE CentersCOSEE Centers 12 @ $2.5M each for 5 years12 @ $2.5M each for 5 years Geographically distributedGeographically distributed 56 Universities and Research Institutions56 Universities and Research Institutions 4 Community Colleges4 Community Colleges 26 School Districts26 School Districts 73 Informal Science Education Institutions73 Informal Science Education Institutions 49 Local, State, and Federal Agencies49 Local, State, and Federal Agencies 500 Ocean Scientists500 Ocean Scientists 8000 teachers8000 teachers

Locations of 12 COSEE Centers

FY2009-Education and Human Resources

Questions?Questions?