OCC Meeting - · PDF fileINFRASTURUCTURE MANAGEMENT LAN * Storage Area Network ... 2 Bassi...
Transcript of OCC Meeting - · PDF fileINFRASTURUCTURE MANAGEMENT LAN * Storage Area Network ... 2 Bassi...
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OCC Meeting
Implementation of URTDSM PROJECT
in Southern Region
POWERGRID
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URTDSM Project Detail CERC vide Order dated 06.09.2013, accorded in-principle approval for
implementation of URTDSM Phase-I scheme.
LOA: 15.01.2014 to M/s Alstom Completion Schedule: -24 Months (Jan 2016) Scope:- Installation of PDCs at 34 Control Centres Installation of 1186 PMUs across 351 Substations Package-I: (NR, ER, NER, NTAMC & NLDC) Supply: - Rs. 158.22 Crore; Services: - Rs.72.82Crore Total: - Rs. 231.04 Cr Package-II: (SR, WR) Supply: - Rs. 82.61 Crore Services: - Rs.43.75Crore Total: - Rs. 126.36 Cr
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URTDSM Project • Control Center PDS system installed and commissioned at SRLDC & 4
SLDCs of SR for PMU integration
• Control Center Integrated FAT for Package-II from 16th Aug 2016
• Development of Analytical Tools Using PMU Based Phasor Measurements
by POWERGRID in association with IIT-B
Sr. No.
Analytics Status
1. Line Parameter Estimation Prototype Completed
2. On line vulnerability analysis of distance relays
Prototype Completed
3. Linear State Estimator Under development
4. Supervised Zone-3 distance protection scheme to prevent unwanted tripping
Prototype completed, Pilot Scheme under implementation
5. CT/CVT Calibration Under development
6. Control for improving system security (Based on angular, voltage & frequency stability)
Under development
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Status of PMU Supply and Integration with CC as on
30th July 2016
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Tentative Delivery Schedule requirement at
Substations & Control Centers
Control Centerwise No of Substations in Southern Region (Ph-I)
S No State No of PDCs in the StateNo of Substations (Central
Sector in case of RLDC)
1 SRLDC 1 57
2 AP 1 10
3 TamilNadu 1 3
4 Kerala 1 2
5 Karnataka 1 1
Sub-total in SR 5 73
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List of regional coordinators in SR S.No Utility
Name of Coordinator
from Utility Designation Mobile
Name of
POWERGRID
Coordinator
Designation Mobile
1 APTRANCO
Mr. V. Ramana
Murthy
Divisional Engineer 9490153120
Mr P Ranga Rao AGM (OS) 9490611096
Mr. P. Shiva Prashad Asst. Divisional Engineer 94910465377
Mr SDCS Rao CM(OS) 9440908940
2 TSTRANSCO
Mr. D. Vasudeva Rao Divisional Engineer 9490153117
Mr P Ranga Rao AGM (OS) 9490611096
Mr. K. Madhava rao Asst. Divisional Engineer 9490153119
Mr SDCS Rao CM(OS) 9440908940
3 APGENCO
Mr P Ranga Rao AGM (OS) 9490611096
4 KPTCL Mr. Mohd. Mahmood DGM (RTMC) 9449599000
5 KSEB
Mr. Jose M. V. Executive Engineer
Mr. Mohd. Mahmood DGM (RTMC) 9449599000 Mr. A.P. Titus Assistance Executive
Engineer
9496009234
6 TANTRANSC
O
Er. G.Lakshminarayana
Executive Engineer/ EPC-
III
9445396708
Mr. Mohd. Mahmood DGM (RTMC) 9449599000
7 NTPC
Mr SSS Srinavas
Mr Dinesh K.V. m
NTPC , Kayamkulam
Mr Murty, AGM-EM,
Simadri
AGM(EM) 08728272135
9440918195
9440918249
Mr P Ranga Rao AGM (OS) 9490611096
8 NLC H. Raghunath Ch. Manager 9443876587
Mr. Mohd. Mahmood DGM (RTMC) 9449599000
9 NPC Mr. Mohd. Mahmood DGM (RTMC) 9449599000
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Broadly Work to be carried out at a PMU stations are:
By M/s ALSTOM: - Supply install and commission approved PMUs with panel, associated cables for DC supply, POWER, CT, PT, status points, GPS receivers, LAN switch. Connect the LAN to identified communication equipment.
By Utility: * Making available/extend DC power Supply, Space for cable in cable trench, panel in control/C&R room, spare potential free contact for CB, Isolator, Protection trip etc.
Note: - * The detail of contract specification available with project coordinators:
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Scope of work :
URTDSM Project (Phase-I):
Installation of approximately 1186 PMUs at 351 Substations and Power plants of all utilities of the Country based upon following criterion.
(The hardware and software is sized to accommodate all the PMUs proposed to be installed under Phase-I and Phase-II including 50% expansion requirements.)
Analytical Software is being developed by POWERGRID in association with IIT Mumbai with the help of the Panel of Experts.
– Vulnerability analysis of relay
– Dynamic/Linear State Estimator
– Supervised Zone-3 distance protection scheme to prevent unwanted tripping
– On line CVT parameter validation
– Emergency control schemes for controlling frequency and voltage instabilities
– Schemes for controlling angular instabilities i.e, out of step protection and adaptive islanding.
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Agenda Points
• Communication infrastructure status for various sites including Control center & substation/ Utilities.
• Confirmation on reserving the Ethernet port in SDH system at Substations and Control Centers, where the SDH communication system already exist (under ULDC/MCP).
• Confirmation on space availability for PMU panel and various control center equipments.
• Arranging spare MCB for DC Supply by Respective Region, wherever it is not available currently at Substations.
• Requirement of Aux Power Supply system (UPS, ACDB & Battery bank) at all Control Centers and spare capacity in the present APS system under use. Also to explore the space availability for new APS system, if required.
• Coordination required with Regional Coordinators and State/Site coordinators in arranging the required permits to dispatch, deliver, store and install the equipment at substations as well as Control centers. (Tentative schedule of installation targets of various equipment to be apprised).
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Issue- To be addressed
• SR Region - Control Centre space availability for Hardware and for UPS, ACDB & Battery bank (60KVA at RLDC, 40KVA at SLDC)
• …….
• ……
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PDC
at NLDC & NTAMC
PDC
at Back up NLDC
URTDSM System Hierarchy
Super PDCs at five RLDCs
Master PDCs at SLDCs
PMU -1
Router
PMU- n PMU -1
Router
PMU- n
Remote Consoles at
CEA (1)
Remote Consoles
at RPC (5), UT(3),
States(5)
PMU -1
Router
PMU- n
PMUs located at IPPs
across the Grid
PMUs located at State
Sector Substations PMUs located at Central
Sector Substations
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WORK
STATION # 2 SPDC Server GPS
Existing VPS
MODULE
DATA
HISTORIAN
SERVER
PDC LAN
COLOR LASER
PRINTER
FIREWALL
HISTORIAN LAN
Remote
Consoles
LAN FOR
REMOTE
CONSOLES
ROUTER
FROM PMUs AND HEIRARCHICAL PDCs
SERVER FOR
ANALYTICA
L
APPLICATIO
DATA
HISTORIAN
SERVER**
HISTORIAN *
WORK
STATION #1
ROUTER
NAS BOX
FIREWALL
FOR
ANALYTICAL
APPLICATIO
N
PDS Server
INFRASTURUCTURE MANAGEMENT LAN
* Storage Area Network (SAN) based
Storage or any other specialized
Storage Solution of Minimum 150 TB
for storing one year PMU Data
** Storage system of min 1 TB for
storing analytical applications
results.
NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
FOR RLDC’s
ANALYTIC APPS LAN
WORK
STATION
PDS VLAN
ROUTER
Analytics
Server
NMS cum CMC, Patch
Management & Identity
SERVER
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Equipment to be installed in Control Rooms
S No Name of the Equipment Qty at SRLDC Qty at SLDCs of SR
1 Work Stations 4 No’s 4 No’s
2 Furniture 1 Lot 1 Lot
3 Colour Printer 1 No 1 No
Equipment to be installed in Server Rooms
S No Name of the Equipment Qty at SRLDC Qty at SLDCs of SR
1 No of Servers (PDC, Applications, Historian, 3rd party Analytics, Infrastructure Management etc.,)
11 No’s 9 No’s
2 Historian Storage 1 Lot of 150TB 1 Lot of 6 TB
3 NAS Storage 1 Nos of 6TB 1No of 6TB
4 IIT Analytics Storage 1 No of 1TB 1 No of 1TB
5 Firewalls 3 No’s 3 No’s
6 WAN Routers 8 No’s 5 No’s
7 LAN Switches 10 No’s 10 No’s
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Minimum Space requirement at Control Rooms
S No Name of the Equipment at SRLDC At SLDCs of SR
1 Work Stations 48 sq.m** 48 sq.m**
2 Server Room 48 sq.m (typically 8 server racks)
40 sq.m (typically 6 racks)
3 APS Room 60 sq.m for 6 panels
60 sq.m for 6 panels
4 Battery Room 60 sq.m (2 racks) 60 sq.m (2 racks)
Note:
1. At least 1 m space shall be required on Server rack’s front and rear side.
2. Server Panels shall be 42 U and a maximum height of 2200 mm and 1000 mm
clearance height shall be required.
3. Atleast 2 m space shall be required on the UPS Panels’ front & rear side.
4. UPS Panels shall have a height of 1200 mm + 1000 mm clearance height shall
be required.
5. Each battery rack shall require 30 sq.m space.
6. For each Workstation 3 sq.m is required.
** Out of the 4 workstations, two are operator consoles, one each for PDS
and 3rd party analytics. Hence, based on the space availability, PDS and
Analytics Workstations may be kept in another room, in that case the
space requirement would be less.
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Note: • In Control Room of RLDC - 48 sq.m (Typically 4 workstation desks)
• In Server Room of RLDC - 48 sq.m (Typically 8 racks)
• In Aux Power Supply (UPS) Room – 60 sq.m (Typically 6 Panels)
• Battery Room - 60 sq.m (Typically 2 racks)
Typical Layout of RLDC Control Room
EXISTING SCADA
CONTROL ROOM
SERVER ROOM
CO
MM
UN
ICA
TIO
N
RO
OM
APS ROOM
Conference
ROOM
1 2 3 4 5 6
8 Racks for URTDSM
Eqmt 7 8
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Note: • In Control Room of SLDC - 48 sq.m (Typically 4workstation desks)
• In Server Room of SLDC - 40 sq.m (Typically 6 racks)
• In Aux Power Supply (UPS) Room – 60 sq.m (Typically 6 Panels)
• Battery Room - 60 sq.m (Typically 2 racks)
Typical Layout of SLDC Control Room
EXISTING SCADA
CONTROL ROOM
SERVER ROOM
CO
MM
UN
ICA
TIO
N
RO
OM
APS ROOM
Conference
ROOM
1 2 3 4 5 6
6 Racks for URTDSM
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Preparations needed/ Information required from Constituents
• Arrangement of Aux power supply from Station DC for PMU
DC voltage : 110v/220V DC
• Load : 200W per panel consisting of up to 4 PMUs
• Space availability for installation of new UPS system /ACDB
/Battery bank.
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EXISTING PMU Pilot DETAILS
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All PMU Locations
20
SN Northern Region Southern Region Western Region Eastern Region
North Eastern Region
1 Agra Gajuwaka Asoj Biharshariff Agratala
2 Bassi Gooty Bhadravati Binaguri Badarpur 3 Dadri HVDC Kolar Bina (MP) Durgapur Balipara
4 Hissar Narendra Boisar Farakka Bongoigaon
5 Kanpur Ramagundam Dehgam Jamshedpur
Imphal
6 Moga Somanhalli Itarsi Jeypore Misa
7 HVDC Vindhychal, Sriperumbdur Jabalpur Patna Nehu
8 Kishenpur Thrissur Kalwa Ranchi Sarusajai 9 Meerut Tirunelveli Korba Rengali 10 Balia Vijaywada Raipur Rourkela 11 Rihand Rgppl Sasaram 12 Bawana Satna Talcher
13 Karcham Wangtoo HEP
Solapur
14 Mahendragarh Vindhyachal (WR)
15 Mundra APL
Pilot projects being undertaken by other RLDCs
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All Loactions of PMUs Pilot Projects
14-11-2013 Experience of Upscaling to National Pilot
Project 21
Total no of PMUs - 59 Nos. (including 3 nos. PMU installed by IPPs) Region wise PMUs: NR - 14 Nos WR - 15 Nos ER - 12 Nos SR - 10 Nos NER – 08 Nos At present data from 44 PMUs are available at NLDC PDC. In addition to above data from 4 PMUs installed as demo project is also available
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National Synchrophasors Pilot Project Architecture
22
PDC Console
Historian
NLDC
NER 10 PMUs
Router
SR
NR
14 PMUs
8 PMUs
PDC/Console
12 PMUs
ER
15 PMUs
WR
PDC/Console PDC/Console
PDC/Console
PDC/Console
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Phasor Measurement Units
23
• Data reporting rate – adjustable from 10 to 50 samples per second.
• IRIG – B input for GPS connection
• Inputs –
• 2 sets of three phase voltages
• 2 sets of three phase current
• 8 or more digital inputs.
• Measuring values
• Frequency
• Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF)
• Voltage phasors – pahse as well as +ve sequence
• Current phasors
• MW
• MVAR
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Phasor Data Concentrator/Historian
24
• Configured reporting rate - 25 samples per second i.e. 40 mili sec per sample
• Communication protocol from PMU to PDC – IEEE C37.118:2005.
• Output stream – IEEE C37.118, IEC 670.5- 104
• Data exchange – ODBC, OLE
• Software PDC on Intel servers.
• Web based visualization.
• Separate Historian on Intel Server and SAN for storage
• Historian with web-based visulization
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Technology of URTDSM Project:
– URTDSM Project is based on Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) Technology, which involves measurement of phase angle between various nodes of the power system accurately using Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs).
– These PMUs shall be installed in the substations/power plants, and they measure the parameters such as voltage, current, phase angle and rate of change of frequency etc., and report these values to the Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs) located at various Control Centers.
– Phase angle measurement helps in better Visualization & increase the situational awareness of Power System Operators.
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Technology of URTDSM Project:
– The components of WAMS are Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs), Visualization Aids, Application and Analysis modules, data archiving and storage etc.
– Analytical Softwares such as Linear State Estimator/Monitor, Supervised Zone-3 Blocking, CT/CVT calibration and Model Validation utilize PMU data for better grid management and planning
– Application of WAMS technology using Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), integrated with Phasor Data Concentrators (PDC) provide planners and operators and other stake holders, the tools to handle the upcoming challenges of Power Sector.
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Technology of URTDSM Project:
– The above scheme shall enable synchronous measurement of real time grid parameters across the widely spread grid with low latency in data transfer to control centres which would be very effective in reliable, secure and economical grid operation.
– It would facilitate integration of large quantum of intermittent and variable renewable generation into the grid.
– This shall also facilitate to estimate the transmission capability in a more realistic way which shall bring efficiency in operation as well as economy in cost of power supply.
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WORK
STATION # 2 SPDC Server GPS
Existing VPS
MODULE
DATA
HISTORIAN
SERVER
PDC LAN
COLOR LASER
PRINTER
FIREWALL
HISTORIAN LAN
Remote
Consoles
LAN FOR
REMOTE
CONSOLES
ROUTER
FROM PMUs AND HEIRARCHICAL PDCs
SERVER FOR
ANALYTICA
L
APPLICATIO
DATA
HISTORIAN
SERVER**
HISTORIAN *
WORK
STATION #1
ROUTER
NAS BOX
FIREWALL
FOR
ANALYTICAL
APPLICATIO
N
PDS Server
INFRASTURUCTURE MANAGEMENT LAN
* Storage Area Network (SAN) based
Storage or any other specialized
Storage Solution of Minimum 500 TB
for storing one year PMU Data
** Storage system of min 1 TB for
storing analytical applications
results.
Network Architecture
For Main & Backup NLDC’s
ANALYTIC APPS LAN
WORK
STATION
PDS VLAN
ROUTER
Analytics
Server
NMS cum CMC, Patch
Management & Identity
SERVER
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URTDSM - Typical equipment to be installed in Control Room of NLDC
• No of workstations – 4
• Color laser printer
• Furniture
URTDSM - Typical equipment to be installed in Server Room of NLDC
• No of Servers – 11 (PDC, Historian & Infra management)
• SAN storage system of 500 TB
• NAS Storage System of 6 TB
• Storage System for Analytical apps of 1TB
• Firewalls – 3
• No of WAN routers – 7
• No of LAN Switches - 10
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Typical Equipment for Aux power supply in NLDC
• 120 KVA UPS running in parallel – 2 No’s
• Battery Bank – 2 No’s
• Input ACDBs – 2 No’s of 600 & 150 kVA rating
• Output ACDBs – 2 No’s of 400 & 100 kVA rating
• Isolation transformer and other accessories
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Space Requirement in NLDC for URDTSM Project
• In Control Room of NLDC - 50 sq.m (Typically two workstation desks)
• In Server Room of NLDC - 68 sq.m (Typically 10 racks)
• In Aux Power Supply (UPS) Room – 72 sq.m (Typically 6 Panels)
• Battery Room - 80 sq.m (Typically 2 racks)
Note:
1. Atleast 1 m space shall be required on Server rack’s front and rear side.
2. Server Panels shall be 42 U i.e., a height of 2200 mm + 1000 mm
clearance height shall be required.
3. For each Workstation 3 sq.m is required.
4. Atleast 2 m space shall be required on the UPS Panels’ front & rear side.
5. UPS Panels shall have a height of 1200 mm + 1000 mm clearance height
shall be required.
6. Each battery rack shall require 40 sq.m space.
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Note: • In Control Room of NLDC - 50 sq.m (Typically two workstation desks)
• In Server Room of NLDC - 68 sq.m (Typically 10 racks)
• In Aux Power Supply (UPS) Room – 72 sq.m (Typically 6 Panels)
• Battery Room - 80 sq.m (Typically 2 racks)
Typical Layout of NLDC Control Room
EXISTING SCADA
CONTROL ROOM
SERVER ROOM
CO
MM
UN
ICA
TIO
N
RO
OM
APS ROOM
Conference
ROOM
1 2 3 4 5 6
10 Racks for URTDSM
Eqmt 7 8 9 10
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Communication Network Availability for Phase-I
Communication Availability at Substations of Phase-I URTDSM
Sr No. Availability status NR ER NER SR WR
1 Available / Ready by June'14 73 0 14 43 16
2 By Aug'14 28 25 0 21 32
3 By April'15 14 58 0 9 19
Total 115 83 14 73 67
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Letter to Member Secretary
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Letter to Member Secretary
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1. Andhra Pradesh
PMU Locations
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PMU Locations
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PMU Locations
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Central sector..
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Central sector
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Central sector
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Central sector
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Thank You
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NER
ER
NR
WR
SR AN
DA
MA
N &
NIC
OB
AR
LA
KS
HA
DW
EE
P
All figs. in MW
INDIAN POWER SECTOR- OVERVIEW
30.06.2014 44
Installed Capacity –249.5 GW
Peak Demand – 135,918 MW app.
High Deficit of 8.1% (Apr’13) &
Avg. of 4.5 % in FY 13-14
High Energy deficit of 13.9%(Dec’12) & Avg of 8.7% in FY11-12 Per capita
consumption for 2012-13–approx 917.18 kWh Power sector
to Grow @10% Economy
to grow @ 7-8% p.a. Source: CEA
ONE NATION – ONE GRID
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Source: CEA
(As on 30.06.2014)
INSTALLED CAPACITY IN INDIA
45
177066
72422
Installed Capacity in India - 249488 MW
Conventional Sources of Energy
Renewable Sources of Energy- Including Hydro Capacity 40730 MW
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Vast Transmission Expansion & its operation Open and growing electricity market & power trading
Integration of large scale intermittent & variable renewable
generation into grid Steady state view of Transmission Network
No phase angle measurement in real time – critical
parameter
Presently high Latency(delay) and time skewed system data monitored through SCADA
Coordination of protection settings
Issues & Challenges in System
Operation
46 Necessitates Real time measurements and monitoring of Grid parameters to capture dynamic behavior for improved efficiency
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What is WAMS?
• The technology of direct measurement of phasors across a power system i.e., magnitude and angles
• Global synchronization of measurements by GPS (Global Positioning System)
• Synchrophasor measurements are to be communicated to control center
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Vast Transmission Expansion & its operation Open and growing electricity market & power trading
Integration of large scale intermittent & variable renewable
generation into grid Steady state view of Transmission Network
No phase angle measurement in real time – critical
parameter
Presently high Latency(delay) and time skewed system data monitored through SCADA
Coordination of protection settings
WAMS: Motivation behind the technology
48 Necessitates Real time measurements and monitoring of Grid parameters to capture dynamic behavior for improved efficiency
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Phase angle differences
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SCADA vs. PMU
• Traditionally developed for
accommodating old information
technology regime (Slow
communication, data without
time stamp)
Network model
State Estimator
V KV
P MW
Q MVAR
Hz Hz
~
Open
Close
Close
Close
Several
Seconds
to a
Minute
milli
secs
to sec
• Made possible for all round
development in technologies
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Enhanced Situational Awareness to Monitor & Control Health of the Grid
Grid Stress Phase Angular Separation
Grid Robustness Damping Status and Trend(s)
Oscillations Sustained oscillations High Mode Energy
Frequency Instability Frequency Variation Across
Interconnection
Voltage Stability Low Voltage Zones / Voltage Sensitivities
Angular Stability Power-angle Sensitivities, stability
Margin (s) “How far from the threshold value?”
PMU Technology
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WAMS Technology
PMUs measure (synchronously):
• Voltages and Currents with Phase Angles
• frequency
• Rate of change of frequency
PMU data reporting rates:
• Data reported at 25 Samples per second
Router
Communication Equipment
PMU-1 CT / PT
PMU-2 CT / PT
PMU-3 CT / PT
PMU-n CT / PT
Control & Relay Panel
At Sub Station Control Room
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WAMS Technology • WAMS (Wide Area Measurement System) means
Real Time, Synchronized Data Acquisition used to Dynamically Control, Monitor, and Manage Power Grid Network Performance.
PM
U
PM
U
PM
U
PM
U
PM
U
PM
U
PM
U
PM
U
PM
U
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ALL LOCATIONS OF PMUS PILOT PROJECTS
Total no of PMUs - 60 Nos. (including 3 nos. PMU installed by IPPs) Region wise PMUs: NR - 14 Nos WR - 16 Nos ER - 12 Nos SR - 10 Nos NER – 08 Nos At present data from 54 PMUs are available at NLDC PDC. In addition to above data 9 PMUs installed as demo project is also available.
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Experience from PMU Pilot Projects
The Synchrophasor data is currently being used in different regions for the following applications: Visualization of •Magnitude, angle of all three voltage/current phasor •Sequence components of voltage/current phasor •Frequency & Frequency difference •Rate of change of frequency •Angular separation between pair of nodes •1-phase auto reclosing in EHV transmission line •Subsystem synchronization during restoration by using standing phase angle separation and phase sequence •Forensic analysis of faults/grid incidents •Post Dispatch Analysis of Gird Operation •Detection and Analysis of Oscillations in Power System
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Experience from PMU Pilot Projects
• Inter area oscillations were observed, and were captured by the WAMS system of NR.
• The phase angle across nodes has helped in determining the stress in the grid and its
proximity to instability.
• On further analysis of frequency data, from PMU it has been experienced that difference in
frequency exist at different locations even in the synchronous system and this difference is
very pronounced during transients, tripping of generating unit or major load throw off
conditions. Such difference in frequency was not visualized through SCADA system due to 10
second data.
• High rate of change in frequency of the order of +1 Hz to 1.5 Hz were also observed during
initial fault period, which dies down after 100 to 120 millisecs.
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•At 23:35:07 Hrs, 63 MVAR Bus-Reactor II at 400 kV Silchar(PG) was taken into service.
•Bus Voltage changed from 414 kV to 402 kV.
•Low frequency oscillations were observed in the NER PMU’s Voltage Plots.
Oscillations observed in NER PMU on 11.08.13
Reactor Switching
T=160 secs
R-Phase voltage of 220 kV Misa PMU
R-Phase voltage of 132 kV Imphal PMU
R-Phase voltage of 132 kV Badarpur PMU
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SIMULATION STUDY RESULT(USING PSS/E) • The same event was analysed using PSS/E and results were found to be coherent
with PMU Plots.
Switching-on
of 63 MVAR
BR-II at
Silchar(PG)
Tripping of Doyang
U#2 (25MW) and 132
kV Dimapur –
Doyang II
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MULTIPLE TRIPPING AT DADRI ON 24.09.13 • Due to bursting of 11 kV distribution Transformer ,3-Phase fault occurred in 400 kV Dadri-Muradnagar line.
• Further due to tripping of LT drives at 400 kV Dadri station Unit-4,5 & 6 tripped at Dadri Thermal Power station.
Voltage dip observed in all 3-Phases
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COMPLETE BLACKOUT AT 220 KV SAMAYPUR(BBMB) STATION ON 16.09.13
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SAMAYPUR(BBMB) STATION ON 16.09.13(CONTD.)
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• On 23.09.13,at 1434 hrs, in order to de-synchronise the unit load of DSTPS(DVC)-U#2 was being reduced.
• The governor started hunting in this operation.
• To disconnect immediately, the operator initiated MFT (Master Fuel Trip) while the unit generation was around 120 MW.
OSCILLATIONS OBSERVED IN FARAKKA PMU ON 23.09.13
Oscillations of 0.5 Hz for 2 min. duration
Voltage Plot
Frequency Plot
Modal Analysis
Voltage Plot
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ODISHA CYCLONE (PHAILIN) MONITORING
• Severe Cyclone Phailin near Gopalpur in Odisha on 12.10.13 evening.
• wind speed of 200kmph causing severe damage to the distribution network of
• PMU plots of Voltage & Frequency(captured by Talcher PMU)helped in monitoring the situation and taking necessary actions.
• Several spikes were observed in plots
Voltage Plot
Frequency Plot
df/dt plot
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Experience from PMU Pilot Projects
Trend Display of Current Phasor
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Post synchronization experience in Indian
Grid (Insight - NEW & SR Grid
synchronization)
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SPS operation During the Oscillation
Reason for SPS signal generation: Violation of 400MW/s limit on 765kV Solapur-Raichur ckt I power flow
• Effect: In WR
KSK back down by 126 MW JPL back down by 25 MW
In SR load shedding by 423 MW
Oscillation got damped after the SPS Operation.
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Analysis of the Synchrophasor Data
For the purpose of analysis data divided into 2 parts:
Duration A-prior to SPS operation: 20:03:25.000-20:04:08.000 Hrs
Duration B-after SPS operation: 20:04:12.000-
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Summary of Analaysis Duration A (20:03:25.000 Hrs – 20:04:08.000 Hrs)
Sr.
no. Signal
Mode 1 Mode 2
LFO
(Hz)
Dampi
ng
ratio
LFO
(Hz)
Dampi
ng
ratio
1 Frequency 0.235 0.0404 0.1908 0.0074
2 Vr 0.2254 0.0353 0.1900 0.0405
3 P 0.218 0.0578 0.1973 0.0649 Duration B (20:04:12.000 Hrs – 20:04:52.000 Hrs)
Sr.
no. Signal
Mode
LFO (Hz) Damping
Ratio
1 Frequency 0.205 0.034
2 Vr 0.2074 0.03764
3 P 0.212 0.0506
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Mode propagation path Determination
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Mode propagation path Based on Correlation
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Observations
• Power flow variation on the link is bidirectional and is very sensitive to the changes occurring in either of the connected grid.
• Till 26-02-2014 , SPS linked with this link operated for 56 number of times.
• With SPS operation also the 0.2 Hz is observed in the NEWS grid.
• Damping time 0.2 Hz observed is in range of 20 seconds to 51 seconds.
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72
Project : Unified Real Time Dynamic State Measurement Scheme –
Installation of PMUs at substations/generating stations and
PDCc at Load Despatch centres with associated facilities
Objective:To enhance situational awareness and visualisation
of power system state on real time basis for improved
operational and planning efficiency of the grid
Scope
i. Installation of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) [1186
nos.] at substations/generating stations of ISTS/STU
connected through OPGW network
ii. Installation of Phasor Data Concentrators (PDC) at
SLDCs/RLDCs/NLDC/NTAMC (34 nos.)
iii. Development of analytical software using PMU data in
association with IIT bombey.
URTDSM Project (Phase-I) Summary
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URTDSM Project- PH-I (Consists of Two Packages)
NLDC
NRLDC
SLDCs Arunachal
Assam Meghalaya
Back up NLDC
WRLDC NERLDC NTAMC SRLDC
CS
ERLDC
5
13
Package 1
NLDC -2
RLDC – 3
SLDC - 17
NTAMC – 1
Station- 211
PMUs - 656
Package 2
RLDC – 2
SLDC – 9
Station- 140
PMUs - 530
9
36
SLDCs AP
Tamil nadu Kerala
Karnataka + 1
CS
16
47
57
178
SLDCs UP
Rajasthan HP
Uttarakhand Haryana
Delhi J&K
Punjab BBMB
CS
41
120
74
206
SLDCs West Bengal
DVC Orissa Bihar
Jharkhand
CS
31
79
51
202
SLDCs MP
Maharashtra Gujarat
Chattisgarh
CS
18
71
49
234
PG SS
Stn PMU
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Data Flow
PMU PMU PMU
Strategic PDC Strategic PDC Strategic PDC
SLDC SLDC SLDC
ERLDC WRLDC NRLDC SRLDC NERLDC
175
135
100 Plant/Sub
Station Level
Group of
Distt. Level
State HQ
Level
Region
Level
National
Level
220
NLDC NLDC
35
ms
PMU PMU
SKEW In ms
(communi
cation+pro
cessing)
30
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URTDSM System Hierarchy
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Super PDC
at NLDC
Super PDC
at Back up NLDC
URTDSM System Hierarchy
Super PDCs at five RLDCs
Master PDCs at SLDCs (25)
PMU -1
L-3 LAN Switch
PMU- n PMU -1
L-3 LAN Switch
PMU- n
Remote Consoles at
CEA (3)
Remote Consoles
at RPC (5), UT(3),
States(5)
PMU -1
L-3 LAN Switch
PMU- n
PMUs located at IPPs
across the Grid
PMUs located at State
Sector Substations PMUs located at Central
Sector Substations
Super PDC
at NTAMC
PMU-1
L-3 LAN Switch
PMU-n
PMUs located at
POWERGRID Substations
Master PDCs at Strategic
Location in State (1)
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Comparison of scope with ULDC Upgradation Projects
ULDC Upgradation Project URTDSM Project
Technology SCADA/EMS & RTUs Synchrophasor technology (PDCs and Analytical Software & PMUs)
Major scope One region in a project involving 5 to 6 Control Centers
Nationwide Project in all Regions involving 34 Control Centers (NLDCs, RLDCs, SLDCs, NTAMC and Strategic location in State)
No of end point locations
Typically 10-15 for new RTUs Around 350 substations across India
No of end point equipment
Typically 20 RTUs 1186 PMUs
Data measurement Voltage, MW, MVAR Voltage, Current, Phasor Angle, MW, MVAR
Data reporting Every 10 seconds typical Every 40 milliseconds for 25 samples/s
Earlier experience ULDC Phase-I implemented and currently in operation.
First of its kind and size in the World. Implemented only few PMUs through pilot projects in India.
Major challenges • Integration of different Vendor subsystems.
• Very large Historian sizing in view of faster reporting data by PMUs
• Integration of Analytical applications being developed by IIT-Bombay
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DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL SOFTWARE
• An MoU has been signed on with IIT Bombay for
Development of Analytical Softwares.
• A number of Software Analytical Functions have been identified based on the need of Indian Power Sector and with the help of the Panel of Experts.
– Vulnerability analysis of relay
– Dynamic/Linear State Estimator
– Supervised Zone-3 distance protection scheme to prevent unwanted tripping
– On line CVT parameter validation
– Emergency control schemes for controlling frequency and voltage instabilities
– Schemes for controlling angular instabilities i.e, out of step protection and adaptive islanding.
9/1/2016 78
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Benefits of WAMS Technology in Grid Operation
In-depth insight in to Power System behavior & Elements
Brings efficiency in operation as well as economy .
This will enable efficient calibration of measuring equipment.
It would facilitate integration of large quantum of intermittent and variable renewable
generation into the grid.
Enables synchronous measurement of real time grid parameters across the widely
spread grid with low latency in data transfer to control centers which would be very
effective in reliable, secure and economical grid operation.
Provides more intelligent/dynamic information to Special Protection Schemes which
will be a step towards self-healing Grids.
Further the WAMS Data shall be used for Power System Planning and will help in
better planning of the Power System in the Country.
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Benefits of WAMS Technology to the Society
The benefits of PMU / WAMS for the smart grid are
substantial. These benefits will result from improvements in
the following key value areas:
• Reliability — by reducing the occurrence of interruptions and
power quality disturbances and reducing the probability and
consequences of widespread blackouts
• Economy & Efficiency — Near capacity use of Elements & Grid
• Environmental — by reducing emissions by enabling a larger
penetration of renewable and improving efficiency of
generation, delivery, and consumption
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Future Plans
• PMU Installation in next phase
• DSA at Main & Backup NLDC- National Level.
• WAMs Based Protection System (Subject to availability of Desired Communication Infrastructure).
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URTDSM PHASE -II
SCOPE: •Installation of approximately 554 PMUs at Substations and Power
Plants
Installation of 11530 Km of OPGW and associated items mainly on
state/ other utilities lines
Installation of 326 nos. of SDH equipments and associated items at
substations and Power Plants
Installation of 215 nos. of Auxiliary Power Supply Equipments at
substations and Power Plants. The revised cost estimate is Rs.437.17 Crore at February, 2014 price
level. “…….for Phase II of URTDSM scheme, while granting in principle approval of PMUs,
CERC directed the petitioner to consolidate laying of Optical Fiber Cable
Communications with GSES and other communication requirement in consultation with
CEA before submitting the scheme to commission.”
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NLDC-DSA • DSA shall help to increase the situational awareness regarding
the operational security and stability. It shall simulate electro-mechanical transients in power systems while performing system wide stability assessment. DSA shall be able to perform various analysis listed as below: – Voltage Stability Assessment – Transient Stability Assessment – Load Flow Analysis The system shall automatically recognize: – Voltage stability problems – Transient stability problems – Poorly damped power swings – Asset overloading The system shall be able to simulate the realistic contingencies/faults.
And it shall be possible to verify remedial measures such as additional load-generation shedding or topology changes to bring the power system back to operational security.
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• POWERGRID established Wideband
Communication Network as a part of Unified
Load Despatch and Communication (ULDC)
Project comprising of Fiber Optic Communication
and Digital microwave Communication System.
• Fiber Optic Communication System was based
primarily on Aerial Cables i.e. OPGW cable and
few links on ADSS and Wrap Around Cable
technology.
• Majority of the installations of Aerial Cables was
carried out using Live Line Installation
Technique.
Wideband Communication
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FOR SUPPORTING PRESENT POWER SYSTEM NEEDS
86
High Bandwidth
High Reliability
High Availability
Security of highest order
Least latency
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SMART TRANSMISSION-COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
OPGW Implementing OPGW based Communication System under various project such as
Microwave Replacement Project (MRP), Fibre Optic Expansion Projects (FEP) and
other projects
Around 35000kms of OPGW under implementation
Around 65000kms of OPGW network to be implemented to meet the
requirement
COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
Communication equipment with minimum bit rate of STM-4/
STM-16 is being implemented as part of expansion network for nodes falling in linear
section and ring network respectively.
Provision for both E1 & Ethernet interface in the OLTE equipment
Both equipment protection as well as path protection
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NETWORK FOR FUTURE
OPGW based communication network best suited to
meet the communication requirement of Power System
Implementation of ring network wherever feasible
SDH based communication network to meet the
communication requirement of new technologies
Provision of both E1 & Ethernet interfaces
Ethernet based backbone with speed ranging from 1 to
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