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Obstacle Avoiding Robot without microcontroller

October 2nd, 2012 yog

Introduction:

An obstacle avoiding robot is an intelligentdevice, which can automatically sense andovercome obstacles on its path. It is developedwithout micro-controller in order to eliminate

critical circuits, difficult programming etc. All you want to do is to ust understand the circuit

diagram and start doing this robot. !his simple techni"ue can be incorporated in wheeled robots to #eep them away from damages and accidents .

Whats required?

!his intelligent robot re"uires several components to bring them alive. It doesn$t cost too much,and easily available in all electronics markets as well.

2 % 12 & '( motor

2 % I) *ensor modules

1 % I( + 0

1 % I( + 0

1 % I( /2 '

1 % readboard

2 % 10 uf capacitors

2 % 3lastic wheels

1 % (astor wheel

1 % attery 4re"uires according to the usage5

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1 % attery holder

1 % attery snap

2 meters of readboard wires

1 meter of !wo-core wires

2 % 2 feet cardboard 4for preparing the body of robot5

Circuit Diagram:

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How to assemble them?

!he circuit diagram of obstacle avoiding robot is shown in the above picture. It could utmosthelp you to develop this robot with ease. In case, if you are new to robotics, observe thefollowing step by step instructions of all connections given below.

re!aration o" outer !art:

(ut one s"uare-shaped cardboard and paste one lengthy cardboard below it

6i% two 12 & '( motors inside the s"uare cardboard in opposite directions

(onnect two plastic wheels on the shaft of the motors

6i% the castor wheel below the lengthy cardboard

3lace the )ight I) 7odule in top-right of lengthy cardboard, and /eft I) 7odule in top-left of lengthy cardboard.

#readboard connections:

$% ower &u!!l':

!a#e the breadboard and connect the battery holder in hori8ontal position

Insert the positive and negative wire of battery snap in holder

Attach I( + 0 &oltage )egulator, and place one 10 uf capacitor in I9 and :9'connection of I( + 0 and other in :9' and O;! connection.

!a#e the positive supply from battery holder via breadboard wire and place it in I9 of I(+ 0 , and also connect its negative supply in last row of breadboard.

3lace the :9' of I( + 0 in last row of breadboard, and transfer its O;! to first row of breadboard.

As a result of these connections, < & power is obtained in the first row of breadboard

(% Integrated circuit )IC% connections:

Insert I( + 0 and I( /2 ' in the breadboard

*upply < & power to 1 st, th, th, and 1= th pins of I( /2 ', and 1 th pin of I( + 0

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3rovide ground connection to th, th, 12 th, and 1 th pins of I( /2 ', and + th pin of I(+ 0

!a#e a breadboard wire and connect the 10 th pin of I( + 0 to + th pin of I( /2 '

*imilarly, connect th pin of I( + 0 to 10 th pin of I( /2 '

*% $(+ DC motor connections:

!a#e the wire of )ight 7otor and insert it in rd > = th pins of I( /2 '

Also, place the wire of /eft 7otor in 11 th and 1 th pins of I( /2 '

,% IR &ensor -odule connections:

:ive < & power to I) sensor modules via red-colored wire and ground connection via blac#-colored wire.

3lace the mid wire of )ight I) *ensor 7odule in 11 th pin of I( + 0 and 2 nd pin of I(/2 '

(onnect the mid wire of /eft I) *ensor 7odule in rd pin of I( + 0 and 1 th pin of I(/2 '

How does it wor.?

After finishing the assembling wor#, connect the 9V battery via battery snap. !hen, see whathappens. !he robot will automatically start traveling on the unstructured path without hitting anyob ects.

?hen the left I) module senses any obstacles on its way, it will turn right till it stops sensing.*imilarly, it will turn left when the right I) module senses obstacles. If both the sensors sense anobstacle, then the robot will stop moving .

@ou can see the working of the Obstacle Avoiding )obot without micro-controller in the belowvideo

Conclusion:

!he concept of developing an Obstacle Avoiding )obot may be simple , but you may meet someobstacles in implementing it. Overall, I feel the above details are well-enough to complete thisintelligent robot. It will cost appro%imately $40 U S ollars to develop one. @ou can try it inyour free time , and any !uires related to it are most welcomed .

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