Studies in Entomogenous Fungi. T. Petch II}

Mr J. Ramsbottom, of the British Museum, has given methe full benefit of his wide knowledge of the collections andmemoranda in that herbarium during the preparation of thispaper, and I desire to record my sincere thanks for his valuableassistance.

CONCLUSIONS.

The genus Glenospora was established by Berkeley andDesmazieres in 1849, not by Berkeley and Curtis in 1876.

Glenospora ramorum was first published by Ravenel in FungiCarol. Exsicc. I, 87, and was Curtis's name for GlenosporaCurtisii.

Berkeley's Glenospora Curtisii of 1876 is not the same speciesas his Glenospora Curtisii of 1849, in so far as the first specimen(Curtis 2088) cited by him for the former is concerned.

The genus Glenospora is probably to be referred to Septo­basidium.

OBS£RVATIONS ON SOME SCOTTISHUREDINEAE AND USTILAGINEAE. 11*.

By Malcolm Wilson, D.Sc.,F.R.S.E., F.L.S.,ReaderinMycology,University of Edinburgh, and]. S. L. Waldie, B.Sc., C.D.A.,

Assistant in Mycology.

PUCCINIA LE MONNIERIANA Maire.Teleutospores on Cnicus palustris Hoffm. Drumlanrig near

Thornhill, Dumfriesshire, September, 1924.Teleutospore sori hypophyllous, seated on slightly depressed

yellowish spots about 2-4 mm. in diameter, in small irregulardense groups about 2-3 mm. wide, often confluent, pulvinate,surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, dark brown; teleuto­spores clavate, apex rounded, truncate or acutely conical,strongly thickened (8-14 p,), constricted at the septum, roundedor often attenuate at the base, smooth, yellowish brown,40-55 x 14-21 p,; pedicels hyaline or brownish near the apex,thick (6-8 p,), persistent, up to 65 p, long.

This species was first found by Maire (Bull. Soc. Mycol, France,XVI (1900), 65) near Luneville, France, and has also been re­corded from Portugal. Only teleutospores have been found andthis appears to be the only spore-form. The groups of sari occuronly on the under surface of the leaf, those near the margin

* The first paper dealing with the subject appeared in Trans. Brit. Mycol .Soc. IX (1924), 135.

8-2

II4 Transactions British Mycological Society

being irregularly grouped while those nearer the mid-rib areoften somewhat circinately arranged. The sori are stronglypulvinate and form compact masses. According to Maire thespots are bordered with violet, but this was not observed in ourspecimens.

This species differs from all others found on the genus Cnicusby the very strongly thickened wall at the apex of the spore,being most nearly approached in this character by P. Cnici­oleracei Pers. It is distinguished from this species by the smaller,often confluent, sori, and by the more strongly thickened, usuallypointed, teleutospores.

Maire also records the rust in September and it appears to bea species developing in the autumn. The specimens were foundduring the excursion of the Scottish Cryptogamic Society, onplants growing in a damp mixed wood, and the species wasrecorded in their annual report for 1924.

UROMYCES SPARSUS Lev.Uredospores and teleutospores on Spergularia marginata

Kittel (5. media Pers). Collected by Mr J. K. Leven nearLongniddry, Haddington, June, 1925.

The sori are present on the stems, leaves and sepals. Thisspecies has been recorded from Kent on S. rubrabut is apparentlyvery rare in England. It has not been previously recorded fromScotland.

MELAMPSORELLA CARYOPHYLLACEARUM Schroet.Uredospores on Cerastium arcticum Lange. Collected by

Mr R. J. Pealling, Ben Nevis, August, 1924.Not previously recorded on this host. Cerastium arcticum is

not found at lower than about 2500 ft. and no species of Abiesare present in the vicinity at anything approaching this altitude.It is difficult to understand, in this case, how Abies sp. canfunction as the alternate host.

CRONARTIUM RIBICOLA Fisch. de Waldh.Aecidia on Pinus parviflora Sieb. & Zucc., Murthly, Perth­

shire, June, 1924.Not previously recorded on this host in Britain.

AECIDIUM IMPORTATUM P. Henn.On leaves and petioles of Peltandra virginica (L.) Kunth.

Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, June, 1924.This was described by Hennings in 1895 (Verh. Bot. Ver. Provo

Brand. XXXVII (1895), pp. xxv and 12) who found it in theBerlin Botanic Garden on plants imported from North America.

The spermogonia appear first in June on the petioles and

Observations on some Scottish Uredineae and Ustilagineae. II II5

under side of the mid-rib of the leaf. They are conical andreddish brown in colour. The aecidia appear in July in the samepositions. They are at first hemispherical and orange-yellowand remain long closed, becoming almost cylindrical beforeopening. After the orange aecidiospores are shed the pseudo­peridium persists as a white structure.

Spores 25-30 x 20-27 jJ-, spherical or elliptical, often angular.There is an abundant colourless mycelium in the mid-rib and

petiole. The mycelium persists in the root stock and producesthe aecidia each year in the early summer, the leaves formedlater not being attacked. The host plant does not appear tosuffer at all from the presence of the fungus. Aecidium impor­tatum Henn. is not known from North America. AecidiumCaladii Schw. (Uromyces Caladii Farl.) is regarded by Arthur(North American Flora, VII (1912),236) as co-specific with theform on Peltandra virginica, i.e. Uromyces Ari-Virginici Howe.

The origin of the plants at Edinburgh is not known, but itis unlikely that they were obtained from Berlin. They have beenproducing the aecidia for several years and were probablyinfected when introduced into the garden.

UREDO GLYCERIAE Lind.On Glyceria maritima R. Br. Collected by Miss M. M. B.

Knagg, near Linlithgow, Firth of Forth, May, 1925.Sori epiphyllous, scattered, rounded-elliptic or elongated, up

to I mm. long, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, yellow;paraphyses numerous, clavate-capitate, 50-60 jJ- long 14-18 jJ­

wide at the apex, hyaline or pale yellow above, membrane upto 2 jJ- thick; uredospores globose, ovate or ellipsoid, verrucose­echinulate, subhyaline or yellow, 24-30 x 20-25 jJ-, epispore1-1'5 jJ- thick, with 8-10 scattered germ pores.

The above description is copied from Sydow (MonographiaUredinearum, IV (1924), 540) and Lind (Danish Fungi, p. 343).In the Scottish specimens the spores are slightly smaller thandescribed above, but in other respects the specimen agreesclosely with the description. The species has been previouslyrecorded only from Denmark.

UROCYSTIS ANEMONES (Pers.) Schroet.On the petioles of Ranunculus Ficaria L. near Edinburgh,

May, 1924, and on the stems and leaves of Trollius europaeus L.near Lochranza, Isle of Arran, July, 1926.

The forms on R. Ficaria and T. europaeus do not appear tohave been previously recorded in Britain. Trail (The ScottishNaturalist, IV (1889-90),370) lists U. Anemones as occurring onAnemone nemorosa L. and Ranunculus repens L. in Scotland

n6 Transactions British Mycological Society

and in foreign countries it has also been recorded on severalother hosts. Sydow (Oesterr. botan. Zeitschr. I (IgOI), 12) re­corded the occurrence of this smut on Trollius europaeus in theTyrol. On Trollius the spore balls consist of two or three thick­walled spores surrounded by a number of very regularly arrangedsterile cells, while on Ranunculus Ficaria the thick-walled sporesare usually three or more in number. In colour and in structurethe spores agree with the description of those of Urocystisanemones given by Saccardo (Sylloge Fungorum, VII (1888) 518).On Trollius the spore balls measured 25-35 fL, while the sporeswere 15-18 fL.

STUDIES ON RHIZOCTONIA CROCORUM(PERSJ DC. AND HELICOBASIDIUM PUR·

PUREUM (TULJ PAT.*(With Plates XI-XIV.)

By W. Buddin and E. M. Wakefield.

THE present paper is the outcome of observations and experi­ments made during the past three years with the object ofelucidating, if possible, the life history of the fungus RhizoctoniaCrocorum (Pers.) DC. Owing to unexpected difficulties andcomplications which developed in the course of the culturalwork, the results obtained up to the present can only beregarded as preliminary, and are not put forward with anyclaim to finality. As, however, for various reasons it seemsunlikely that any more conclusive results will be obtained bythe authors for some time, this account of what has been doneis published in the hope that it may be of service to otherworkers.

The investigation arose out of an identification made in theautumn of Ig22. At that time there was received at Kew fromthe Horticultural Research Station at Long Ashton a stump ofblack currant (Ribes nigrum) which had a dense felted violetgrowth round the main stem. The growth was sterile, but fromprevious knowledge of the habit and structure of Helicobasidiumpurpureum (Tul.) Pat. little hesitation was felt in suggestingthat it was probably this species. Subsequently, however, itwas found that the roots of the Ribes showed the bodies knownvariously as microsderotia, or better as "infection cushions"

• Paper read at the International Congress of Plant Sciences, Ithaca, N.Y.,August 19th, 1926.