Observations on OMNeT++ Real-Time Behaviour · IEEE 802.11p GeoNet & BTP ETSI ITS-G5 Facilities &...

Christina Obermaier, Christian Facchi · 7. September 2017Observations on OMNeT++ Real-Time Behaviour

Outline

1. Inter Vehicle Communication2. HIL Testing with OMNeT++3. Timing Observations4. Conclusion5. Further Work

2 · Christina Obermaier, Christian Facchi · 7. September 2017

Inter Vehicle Communication


Inter Vehicle CommunicationOverview

FeaturesCommunication between vehicles as well as road side unitsActs like a 360 degree (bidirectional) sensorEnhances traffic flow and traffic safety


Inter Vehicle CommunicationETSI ITS-G5 Protocol Stack

PHY: 5.9 GHz OFDM

MAC: EDCA

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PHY: 5.9 GHz OFDM

MAC: EDCA

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dedicated spectrum



PHY: 5.9 GHz OFDM

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C Outside the Contextof Basic Service Set (OCB)



PHY: 5.9 GHz OFDM

MAC: EDCA

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geographical routing



PHY: 5.9 GHz OFDM

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C local knowledge base



PHY: 5.9 GHz OFDM

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C HMI, automated driving…



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Congestion Controlpackets, bitrate, tx power



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Privacy & Authenticity


Simulation ToolsVANET simulation tools by THI Research Centre

open-source ITS-G5 stackstandard compliant packetsintegrated in Artery

variable application setssuitable for rapid prototypingsoon: radar sensors

Available at https://github.com/riebl/{artery, vanetza}6 · Christina Obermaier, Christian Facchi · 7. September 2017

HIL Testing with OMNeT++


HIL ConceptOverview

HIL OverviewSimulated environment vehicles(blue)Physical twin vehicle with strippeddown functionality (red)802.11p proxy (USRP RIO)Message forwardingSimulated packets are sent over theair


HIL ConceptPossible Problems

Timing ProblemsOMNeT++ is running too fastOMNeT++ is running too slowRunning too slow is not recognized


HIL TestingReal Time Scheduler

cEvent* RealTimeScheduler::takeNextEvent pseudocodeResult: next cEventcurrentRealTimeMiss = simTime - wallClockTime;if (currentRealTimeMiss * -1) órealTimeMissThreshold then

// simulation unacceptable slowstop simulation;else

eventDuration = wallClockTime - eventStartTime;log currentRealTimeMiss and eventDuration and nextEventIdentifier;while SimTime òwallClockTime do

// simulation faster than real timewait;endset nextEventIdentifier;set eventStartTime;return nextEvent;

end


HIL TestingReal Time Requirements

Duplicate packet detectionGPS timestampReplay attack detectionDENM validityLong range communication using MAC layer unicasts


Timing Observations


Real-Time ObservationsScenario Description

Hardware

Component Laptop Computer Simulation ClusterCPU Intel Core i5-6300U @2.40GHz Intel Xeon E7-8867 v4 @2.40GHzCores 1 x 4 4 x 18RAM 16GB 3TB

Hard Drive 256GB SSD 450GB SAS SSD RAID 1

ScenarioThree vehicles on highwayFive vehicles on highway


Real-Time ObservationsEvent List

ID Event name # Events”3 vehicles” # Events”5 vehicles”1 TraCI Connect 1 12 TraCI Step 322 3703 GeoNet packet 3870 112984 GeoNet data frame 3870 112985 txStart-0 3 56 endIFS 661 11897 configureRadioMode 1322 23788 transmissionTimer 661 11899 remove non InterferingTransmission 661 118810 report CL 928 165011 middleware update 925 164512 txStart-1 658 118413 GeoNet radio frame 1274 446014 reception Timer 1274 4460

Overall events 16430 42315


Real-Time ObservationEvent Times

1e-04

1e-02

1e+00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Event ID

Eve

ntD

urat

ion

in[s

]

Figure: Event times cluster

1e-04

1e-02

1e+00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Event ID

Eve

ntD

urat

ion

in[s

]Figure: Event times laptop


Real-Time ObservationReal-Time Flow

3ve

hicl

es(c

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3ve

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es(l

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p)

10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

Simulation time in [s]

Rea

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[s]

inst

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real

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5ve

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10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4

0.00

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0.06

Simulation time in [s]

Rea

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Real-Time ObservationSimulation Run Overview

01

10

100

1000

10000

0.0-0.5-1.0-1.5-2.0-2.5-3.0

Real Time Loss in [s]

Am

ount

ofE

vent

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0.0-0.5-1.0-1.5-2.0-2.5-3.0


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Figure: Laptop

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Figure: Cluster17 · Christina Obermaier, Christian Facchi · 7. September 2017

Conclusion


ConclusionWhich Parts can be Tested Properly?

Duplicate packet detection 5

GPS timestamp 5

Replay attack detection 5

DENM validity�Long range communication using MAC layer unicasts 4


Further Work


Further Work

Tweak simulation performanceAdd some parallelismReplay simulated test data


Thank You For Your AttentionAny Questions?


Observations on OMNeT++ Real-Time Behaviour · IEEE 802.11p GeoNet & BTP ETSI ITS-G5 Facilities &...

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