Observations of a Supernova in NGC 4536 from La … · Observations of a Supernova in NGC 4536 from...
2
Observations of a Supernova in NGC 4536 from La Silla P. V. r-__ __, 75115 4175 ALGUNOS RESUMENES La inauguraci6n de la sede de ESO en Garehing Spectra have been obtained by M.-P. Veron and P. Veron on four consecutive nights (March 11, 12, 13 and 14) with the Boiler an Chivens spectrograph and the lOS attached to the 1.5 m telescope. The dispersion was 171 Atmm and the resolution about 10 A. One of these spectra is shown in Fig. 2. They show broad emission features at wavelengths 4614, 5202, 5669 and 6346 A (lAU Circular No. 3584). P. Salinari from the Astrophysical Observatory in Arcetri and A. Moorwood have made infrared measurements in the J (1.25 H (1.65 and K (2.20 bands, with the 3.6 m telescope on the nights of March 17 and 22. They have noted a larger decay in the J band (.6J = 0.82 mag) than in the two others in this 5-day interval (lAU Circular No. 3587). It is hoped that these observations, together with the IUE observations made on March 9, 10 and 11 (lAU Circular No. 3584) and the many others made throughout the world will help understanding better these objects. Fig. 2: Speclrum of Ihe supernova oblained on March 13 wilh Ihe Boiler and Chivens speclrograph altached 10 Ihe ESO 1.5 m lelescope. The ver/ical scale is in unils of 10-'6 erg s-' cm- 2 Ä-'; Ihe horizonlal scale in Ängslröms. • • • On March 2, 1981, the Soviet astronomer Tsvetkov at the Sternberg Astronomicallnstitute discovered a supernova in the Sc galaxy NGC 4536. Its photographic magnitude was 12.3 (lAU Circular No. 3580). It was one of the brightest supernovae in recent years; in fact it was so bright as to be easily observable with the International Ultraviolet Explorer, and Dr. N. Panagia, on behalf of the ESA-SRC team for SN observations urged the ESO staff on La Silla to make optical observations of this objecl. These observations have been organized by T. Danks. A Schmidt plate of the field was taken on March 10 by Guido Pizarro (Fig. 1). M.-P. Veron was observing on the photoelectric 1 m telescope; she was able to obtain a UBV measurement on March 12 (06.15 UT). The visual magnitude was then V = 11.93, which corresponds to an absolute magnitude Mv = -2066 if the galactocentric radial velocity of the galaxy is 1646 km S-1 (Sandage and Tammann 1981, a revised Shapley-Ames catalogue of bright galaxies) and Ho = 50 km s 1 Mpc 1. This seems to be exceptionally bright, even for a type I supernova (lAU Circular No. 3584). Subsequent measurements by 1. Danks have shown that 3 weeks later, the brightness of the supernova had decreased by a full magnitude (V = 12.90 on April 1, V = 13.09 on April 4). Fig. 1: Upper panel: an enlargemenl of Ihe blue Palomar Sky Survey prinl showing Ihe galaxy NGC 4536. Lower panel: Ihe same field from a Schmidl Plate laken on March 10 by Guido Pizarro on an unfillered IIa-O emulsion. The exposure lime was 30 minules. The supernova is clearly seen NE of the nucleus. • . . '. • Durante varios an os los departamentos europeos de ESO se encontraban ubicados en parte en Ginebra y en parte en Hamburgo. Esta separacion de la organizacion hacfa dificil su administracion. Hace aproximadamente cinco arios el gobierno aleman ofrecio la construccion de un edificio para la ESO en el campus de la Sociedad de Max Planck en Garching cerca de Munich. EI departamento de administracion se traslado inmediatamente desde Hamburgo a oficinas provisorias en Garching, y una vez terminada la construccion dei edificio, hace alrededor de seis meses, el centro europeo de ESO encontro su hogar definitivo. EI dia martes 5 de mayo de 1981 se lIevo a efecto la inauguracion de la nueva sede con la presencia dei Presidente de la Republica Federal de Alemania, Karl Carstens. A Ja ceremonia asistieron mas de 200 invitados, representantes diplomaticos, administradores y cientificos de ESO y otros paises, inclusive Italia y Suiza; se espe ra que estos dos ultimos paises formaran parte de la Organizacion dentro de algunos meses. 27
Transcript of Observations of a Supernova in NGC 4536 from La … · Observations of a Supernova in NGC 4536 from...
Observations of a Supernova in NGC 4536 from La Silla
P. V.
~ r-__---'SN~"536::::.... __,
751154175
ALGUNOS RESUMENES
La inauguraci6n de la sede de ESOen Garehing
Spectra have been obtained by M.-P. Veron and P. Veron onfour consecutive nights (March 11, 12, 13 and 14) with theBoiler an Chivens spectrograph and the lOS attached to the1.5 m telescope. The dispersion was 171 Atmm and theresolution about 10 A. One of these spectra is shown in Fig. 2.They show broad emission features at wavelengths 4614,5202, 5669 and 6346 A (lAU Circular No. 3584).
P. Salinari from the Astrophysical Observatory in Arcetri andA. Moorwood have made infrared measurements in the J(1.25 ~tm), H (1.65 ~tm) and K (2.20 ~tm) bands, with the 3.6 mtelescope on the nights of March 17 and 22. They have noted alarger decay in the J band (.6J = 0.82 mag) than in the twoothers in this 5-day interval (lAU Circular No. 3587) .
It is hoped that these observations, together with the IUEobservations made on March 9, 10 and 11 (lAU CircularNo. 3584) and the many others made throughout the world willhelp understanding better these objects.
Fig. 2: Speclrum of Ihe supernova oblained on March 13 wilh Ihe Boilerand Chivens speclrograph altached 10 Ihe ESO 1.5 m lelescope. Thever/ical scale is in unils of 10-'6 erg s-' cm-2 Ä-'; Ihe horizonlal scalein Ängslröms.
•
•
•
On March 2, 1981, the Soviet astronomer Tsvetkov at theSternberg Astronomicallnstitute discovered a supernova in theSc galaxy NGC 4536. Its photographic magnitude was 12.3(lAU Circular No. 3580). It was one of the brightest supernovaein recent years; in fact it was so bright as to be easilyobservable with the International Ultraviolet Explorer, and Dr.N. Panagia, on behalf of the ESA-SRC team for SNobservations urged the ESO staff on La Silla to make opticalobservations of this objecl. These observations have beenorganized by T. Danks.
A Schmidt plate of the field was taken on March 10 by GuidoPizarro (Fig. 1). M.-P. Veron was observing on thephotoelectric 1 m telescope; she was able to obtain a UBVmeasurement on March 12 (06.15 UT). The visual magnitudewas then V = 11.93, wh ich corresponds to an absolutemagnitude Mv = -2066 if the galactocentric radial velocity ofthe galaxy is 1646 km S-1 (Sandage and Tammann 1981, arevised Shapley-Ames catalogue of bright galaxies) and Ho =50 km s 1 Mpc 1. This seems to be exceptionally bright, evenfor a type I supernova (lAU Circular No. 3584). Subsequentmeasurements by 1. Danks have shown that 3 weeks later, thebrightness of the supernova had decreased by a full magnitude(V = 12.90 on April 1, V = 13.09 on April 4).
Fig. 1: Upper panel: an enlargemenl of Ihe blue Palomar Sky Surveyprinl showing Ihe galaxy NGC 4536. Lower panel: Ihe same field from aSchmidl Plate laken on March 10 by Guido Pizarro on an unfilleredIIa-O emulsion. The exposure lime was 30 minules. The supernova isclearly seen NE of the nucleus.
•..
'. •
Durante varios anos los departamentos europeos de ESOse encontraban ubicados en parte en Ginebra y en parte enHamburgo. Esta separacion de la organizacion hacfa dificil suadministracion. Hace aproximadamente cinco arios elgobierno aleman ofrecio la construccion de un edificio para laESO en el campus de la Sociedad de Max Planck en Garchingcerca de Munich. EI departamento de administracion setraslado inmediatamente desde Hamburgo a oficinasprovisorias en Garching, y una vez terminada la construcciondei edificio, hace alrededor de seis meses, el centro europeode ESO encontro su hogar definitivo.
EI dia martes 5 de mayo de 1981 se lIevo a efecto lainauguracion de la nueva sede con la presencia dei Presidentede la Republica Federal de Alemania, Karl Carstens. A Jaceremonia asistieron mas de 200 invitados, representantesdiplomaticos, administradores y cientificos de ESO y otrospaises, inclusive Italia y Suiza; se espera que estos dos ultimospaises formaran parte de la Organizacion dentro de algunosmeses.
27
Ch. Fehrenbach: The First Steps 01 the European Organization , ,............. 1P. Veron: The Inauguration 01 the ESO Headquarters Building , , 1Faint Object Camera Booklet 6K. Hunger and R. P. Kudritzki: The Helium Content and Evolution 01 Subdwarf 0 Stars. . . . . 7List 01 Preprints Published at ESO Scientilic Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10C. Chevalier, S. A. 1I0vaisky, K. Hurley and Ch. Motch: Optical Searches 01 Gamma-ray
Burst Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11ESO Conlerence on the "Scientilic Importance 01 High Angular Resolution at Inlrared
Wavelengths" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12Personnel Movements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13H. Mauder: Photometric, Spectroscopic and IUE Observations 01 X-ray Binaries 13W. A. Sherwood: Millimetre Observations 01 Quasars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15H.-E. Schuster: Discovery and Rediscovery 01 Comets and Minor Planets with the
ESO 1 m SchmidtTelescope 17M. Rosa: H 11 Regions in Nearby Galaxies , , . .. 18H. J. Schober: Spinning Asteroids and Photometry: A View 01 a Modern Topic 22D. Engels: OH Infrared Stars - Very Long Period Variables with Enormous Mass Loss . . . .. 24M. Combes, T. Encrenaz, N. Epchtein, J. Lecacheux and T. Owen: Observations 01
Titan at La Silla during aTotal Eclipse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25M. Combes, T. Encrenaz, J. Lecacheux and C. Perrier: Upper Limit 01 the Gaseous CH.
Abundance on Triton , 26Observations 01 a Supernova in NGC 4536 Irom La Silla , . . . . . .. 27Algunos Resumenes ,.... 27
-~~.. '.,
ESO, Ihe· EuropeanSoulhern Obser-- ~...~ ...-.:'.0.>11""""'__valory, was crealed: in·:1962 12.,; ooeslablish and operale an aslronomicalobservalory in the so'uth~t~\&.emisphere, equipped wilh. po~eJ1u..1 instruments, with the aim,ol ·Iurtheringand organizing collaboration':in astronomy 00' It is supportedbylsix~coun-
.,..·.rlJ._·· .'
tries: Belgium, Denmark, Srance,.~the
Federal Republik 01 Germariy,~' IheNetherlands and Sweden. It no'i!~op
erates the La Silla observalo... ry.ji~eAtacama desert, 600 km . nortb:40fSantiago de Chile, at 2,400 rn~~ltitude, where ten telescop~'~ithapertures up 10 3.6 mare presentlyllnoperation. The astronomica!robs~rva:
.~-."'~
tions on La Silla are carrje.d :?~tjl>.Y.
visiting astronomers' - mainly!lrom.the member countries - and, to someli..extent, by ESO slaft astronomers'l01~ten in collaboration with the.lorrTler:The ESO Headquarters in,Europe.arelocated in Garehing, near, MunieIl:: ,ESO has aboul 120 internationalstaft members in Europe and .Chileand about 150 local staft members,;'
Santiag~ and on La Silla. In~dditiO~ti.'.Ithere are a number,o!. lellows' and"~scientilic associates. .' '".:.. ~
. ~-'·-.f~.' . ,'.
0;: 'jI '-':'-
.l~
".).:\ .. ,~.
The ESO MESSENGER is published ..lour times a "year: in March, June,:.September and December; 1I is'"distributed Iree to' ESO personnel 'and others interested in astronomy.·The text 01 any article may be repriflted il credit is given to ESO..Copies"01 most illustrations are available lo,jeditors without charge. '
Editor: Philippe VeronTechnical editor: Kurt Kjär
EUROPEANSOUTHERN OBSERVATORYKarl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2D-8046 Garehing b. MünchenFed. Rep. 01 GermanyTel. (089) 32006-0Telex 05-28 282-0 es d
Printed by UniversitätsdruckereiDr. C. Wolf & SohnHeidemannstraße 1668000 München 45Fed. Rep. 01 Germany
28
La cerernonia fue abierta por el Prof. L.Woltjer, Director General de la ESO,quien dio la bienvenida a los invitados.Otros oradores fueron - en ordencronologico -: Prof. R. Lüst, Presidentede la Sociedad Max Planck, E. Stahl,Secretario Parlamentario dei Estado deiMinisterio Federal para la Investigacion yTecnologia, Dr. F. J. Strauss, PrimerMinistro dei Estado Libre de Bavaria, yProf. J.-F. Denisse, Presidente deiConsejo de ESO.
Despues de la ceremonia deinauguracion el Presidente de laRepublica Federal de Alemania ofrecioun almuerzo en el cual el dio un discursodando la bienvenida a ESO, a suscolaboradores y a sus familiares enAlemania. Le agradecio el Prof. Denisse.
AI atardecer el Gobierno dei Estado deBavaria ofrecio una recepcion a losparticipantes y sus conyuges.
La tarde y el dia siguiente fuerondedicados a un symposium sobre «LaEvolucion dei Universol> .
A pesar dei pesimo tiempo que reinodurante el primer dia los participantesquedaron maravillados con la perfectaorganizacion de estos eventos y sedespidieron de Munich con la impresionde que ahora ESO es una organizacionmadura y eficiente.
Los primeros pasos de ESOEn 1953 se sostuvieron ya las
primeras conversaciones sobre lacreacion de un observatorio europeoaustral. A estas le siguieron variasreuniones informales, y aproximadamente 9 arios mas tarde, el dia 5 deoctubre de 1962, cinco de los actualesseis paises miembros firmaron la Convencion de ESO. Mas tarde, en 1967,
Contents
se integro Dinamarca a la OrganizaGion.
En un comienzo la busqueda de unsitio adecuado fue concentrada enSudafrica, y la atencion de ESO fueatrafda hacia Chile solo en el momentecuando AURA decidio construir unobservatorio en Chile, cerca de LaSerena (Tololo).
En 1963 se comenzaron los estudiosdei terreno en La Silla y los resultadosdemostraron que la ubicacion erarealmente superior a los lugares vistosen Sudafrica. En noviembre de 1963 sefirma una Convencion con el Gobierno deChile.
Con el lin de dar rapidamente unaefectiva vida cientifica al observatorio sedecidio construir tres telescopios detamario intermedio: el telescopioSchmidt de 1 m, y los telescopiosespectrografico de 1,5 m y fotometricode 1 m.
La concepcion y la construccion deitelescopio de 3,6 m fue confrontada conmuchas dificultades, y con el fin desuperar estos problemas se firma uncontrato entre ESO y CERN en Ginebraque permitio formar una division deProyecto de Telescopio en el recinto deCERN. Esta eficaz ayuda posibilitoobtener finalmente el telescopio de 3,6 mque comenzo a operar a lines de 1976.
Pero tambien el esparcimiento de losdiversos servicios causaron problemas:en Europa - Hamburgo y Ginebra, y enChile - Santiago, La Serena y ademas LaSilla. Particularmente los tres centros enChile fueron causa de eternos viajesentre la montaria, La Serena y Santiago.
Ahora estas circumstancias ya novalen. La Silla es el corazon de ESO, yeltraslado desde Ginebra a Munich, siendocentro europeo, ciertamente traerabeneficios.
