Observations and Model Analysis of Recent Asian Dust Events Nobuo Sugimoto (National Institute for...
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Transcript of Observations and Model Analysis of Recent Asian Dust Events Nobuo Sugimoto (National Institute for...
Observations and Model Analysis of Recent Asian Dust Events
Nobuo Sugimoto (National Institute for Environmental Studies)
Itsushi Uno (Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University) Atsushi Shimizu, Ichiro Matsui (National Institute for Environmental Studies)
Kimio Arao (Nagasaki University) Hao Quan, Yan Cheng (CJFCEP, China)
Jun Zhou (AIOFM, China)C-H Lee (Kyung Hee University, Korea)
APAN Conference, Fukuoka Jan 21-23, 2003
Heavy dust event in Beijing on March
20, 2002.
Dust Project in the Global Environment Research Program of the Ministry of the Environment
(1) Observation of distribution and movement of Asian dust using lidars
(2) Chemical analysis of Asian dust
(3) Modeling study
NIES lidar observation network
Tsukuba (36.05N, 140.12E) 1996--Nagasaki (32.78N, 129.86E) Mar. 2001--Beijing, China (39.9N, 116.3E) Mar. 2001--Sri Samrong, Thailand (17.15N, 99.95E) Oct. 2001-- Suwon, Korea (37.14N, 127.04E) 2002--Amami-Ohshima (28.44N, 129.70E) 2002--Miyakojima (24.7N, 125.3E) 2002--Fukue (32.63N, 128.83E) Oct. 2002--Hefei, China (31.90N, 117.16E) Oct. 2002--
Research Vessel “Mirai” 1999--
MapNew
Purpose of the lidar network observations
- Climatology of aerosols and clouds
- To understand aerosol phenomena including effects of Asian dust and anthropogenic aerosols on the environment and climate
- To validate chemical transport models
- Monitoring of Asian dust and anthropogenic aerosols in the regional and global scales
NIES Compact Mie Lidar
Beijing
NagasakiTsukuba
NIES Lidar Network for Asian Dust Observation
NIES Compact Mie Lidar
Lidar dataBeijing 2002
Target classification method
Scattering
intensity
Depolarization ratio
water cloud
ice cloud
spherical aerosols
dust
LaserLaser
P//
P⊥
P//
Depolarization ratio = P⊥/P//
dustspherical aerosol
Target classification 2
dust
rain
ice cloud
water cl.
aerosols
unknown
no obs.
April 2001
Target classification using the signal intensity and the depolarization ratio.
Histogram 2001
Histogram 2002
Tsukuba 2000-2002
The Chemical Forecast System (CFORS), (I. Uno)(A RAMS based regional model including chemistry)
Comparison with Models
Chemical Forecast System (CFORS)
Lidar
Chemical Transport Model
signal intensity (depolarization)
Which parameter shall we compare?
dust extinction coefficient
extinction coefficient
dust density
S1
assumption on external mixing
mass/extinctionconversion factor
distribution and characteristics of other aerosols
optical characteristics of dust
Ratio of dust is estimated by the following equations when we consider external mixture of dust and other spherical aerosols.
R={(1-2’)-2’}/{(1’-2’)(1+)} …………………… ..(1) 1’ = 1/(1+1 ) ……………………… (2) 2’ = 2/(1+2 ) ……………………… (3)
where 1 is depolarization ratio of dust, and 2 is depolarization ratio of other aerosols. Empirically, 1~0.35, 2~0.05.
dust
air pollution aerosols
dust
Distributions of dust and spherical (air-pollution) aerosols estimated from the signal intensity and depolarization ratio
Beijing March 2001
Day (UTC)
Comparison with CFORS
Chemical Forecast System (CFORS)
Dust Number(Lidar)
Dust Number
Asian dust source regions
XZ2001Apr
CFORS 2001, 2002
Summary
We conducted continuous observations in Beijing, Nagasaki, and Tsukuba with automated polarization lidars since March 2001.
A statistical analysis showed that the frequency of dust events in 2002 and 2001 was not very different in Beijing, but the frequency was much higher in 2002 in Tsukuba.
We studied the dust source regions and transport paths using the regional chemical transport model CFORS.
The results showed that most major dust events originated in Inner Mongolia and/or Mongolia. The dust was transported rapidly with the strong westerly of the storm, and the main part was transported northeast near the coast of China.
In 2002, the location of dust streams were shifted slightly to the east, and this caused heavy dust events in Korea and northern Japan. This is probably related with the climate change.
Dust event on November 12, 2002
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RIAM-NIES CFORS
Lidar-CFORS1
SuwonBeijing
Lidar-CFORS2
Fukue Tsukuba
Lidar-CFORS3
Miyako-jimaHefei
Perspective
Understanding dust phenomena
Constructing dust monitoring network
Dust forecast
Ground based observation network
Satellite data (surface, dust)
Chemical transport model
ふろく
Thank You