Obrien[7]001 Foundation is in Business (Student)

7/31/2019 Obrien[7]001 Foundation is in Business (Student)

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Iwan Ekawanto, SE,MM / MIS - Foundation of IS

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Foundations of InformationSystem in E-Business

Lectured by Iwan Ekawanto

Why IS are Important

An IS Framework

What is an IS

System Concept

Component of IS

Recognizing IS

The Major Roles of IS

E-Business in Business

Trends in IS

Types IS


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Information Systemmerupakan fungsibisnis perusahaan.

Why Information SystemAre Important

Sistem informasi

adalah assetperusahaan.

Manager,wirausahawan,

atau profesionalbisnis perlumengerti tentangsistem informasi.


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James A. OBrien

An Information System is an organized combination ofpeople, hardware, software, communications

networks, and data resources that collects,transforms, and disseminates information in anorganization.

Information System Resourcesand Technologies

Information Technologies (IT ):

Computer Hardware

Computer Software.

Telecommunications Networks.

Computer-Based data Management'sTechniques.


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FoundationConcept

DevelopmentProcess

InformationTechnology

BusinessApplication

Management

Challenge

InformationSystem

An IS Framework for BusinessProfessionals


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Foundations Concepts.

Perilaku dasar, teknik, business,dan managerial concepts tentangcomponents serta peran-peran darisystem Informasi.


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Information Technologies.Konsep pengembangan, danmanagement issues untukinformation technology.


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Business Applications.Penggunaan Information Systemuntuk operasional bisinis,management, and competitive

advantage.



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Development Process.Membangun, dan mengimplemensiIS melalui strategic planning danapplication development approach.



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Management Challenges.Tantangan pengelolaan teknologiIS secara effectiv dan ber-etika,strategies, dan security.



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Support of Business Operation.

Dukungan terhadap kegiatanoperasional perusahaan sepertipengolahan transaksi yangterjadi sehari-hari.

The Fundamentals Roles ofInformation System

StrategicAdvantage

ManagerialDecision Making

BusinessOperation

Support of Strategic

Advantage.

Dukungan untuk keputusan-keputusan strategic perusahaanyang berdampak pada waktuyang relatif panjang.

Support of Managerial DecisionMaking.

Dukungan terhadap prosespengambilan keputusan yangdilakukan oleh manajemen

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Overview ofInformation System

Peran yang diberikan oleh sistem informasi pada sebuah organisasitelah meluas secara signifikan setiap waktu. Semua perubahan

meningkatkan pentingnya fungsi sistem informasi bagi suksesnyaperusahaan.

Perubahan-perubahan tersebut juga memunculkan suatu tantanganbaru bagi manajer dan end-user untuk secara effectivemendapatkan keuntungan potensial dari teknologi informasi.

The Expanding Roles of Information Systems

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Enterprise and Global Internetworking : 1990s 2000s

Internetworked Information System.

For end User, enterprise, and organizational computing, communications, and

collaboration, including global operation and management on the Internet,

Intranet, and Extranet.

Strategic and End User Support : 1980s 1990s

End User Computing System.

Direct computing support for end user productivity and work group

collaboration.

Executive Information System.

Critical Information for top Management.

Experts System.

Knowledge-based Expert advice for end users.

Strategic Information Systems.

Strategic Products and Services for competitive advantage.

Decision Support : 1970s 1980s

Decision Support System.

Interactive ad hoc support of the managerial decision-making process

Management Reporting : 1960s

1970s

Management Information System.

Management reports of prespecified information to support decision making

TheExpanding

ParticipationofEn

dUser&Management

Data Processing : 1950s 1960s

Electronic data processing system.

Transaction processing, record keeping, and traditional accounting application

TheExpandin

gRolesISinBusin

essandManagement

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Manufacturingand

Production

Engineering &Research

Accounting,Finance, andManagement

Suppliers and Other Business Partners

Procurement, Distribution, and Logistics

Advertising Sales Customer Service

Consumer and Business Customers

Company

Boundary

Intranets

The Internet

Extranets

Extranets

E-Business Enterprise

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Types of Information Systems

Sistem Informasi menunjukan peran pentingnya dalam mendukung operasional

dan manajerial pada bisnis. Maka secara konseptual dapat diklasifikasikansebagai Operation atau Management Support System.

TransactionProcessingSystems

ProcessControlSystems

EnterpriseCollaboration

Systems

ManagementInformation

Systems

DecisionSupportSystems

ExecutiveInformationSystems

OperationsSupportSystems

ManagementSupportSystems

OthersSystems

InformationSystems

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Operation Support System

Sistem Informasi diperlukan untuk proses mengolah data dan digunakandalam operasi organisasi. Sistem ini mendukung pengolahan informasi yang

diharapkan dalam day to day operation.

Sebagai OSS (Operational Support System) sistem menghasilkan berbagaiproduk informasi yang digunakan bagi internal dan external. Tetapi tidakmenekankan kepada produksi informasi terbaik yang dapat digunakan olehmanajer, karena masih memerlukan proses lebih lanjut oleh manajer.

Peran yang terpenting adalah efisiensi proses bisnis.

EnterpriseCollaborationSystems.

Support team,workgroup, andenterprisecommunicationand collaboration.

TransactionProcessingSystems (TPS).

Pengolahan datahasil transaksibisnis, updatedatabase, Reportand Document

Process ControlSystems (PCS).

Monitor and

Control IndustrialProcess.

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Management Support System

Management Support System berfokus pada menyediakan informasi dan

mendukung bagi proses pengambilan keputusan oleh manajer. Sistem inimemberikan dukungan bagi pengambilan keputusan strategic, Tactical,supervisory.

ManagementInformationSystem (MIS)

PrespecifiedReports and display

Decision SupportSystem (DSS)

Interactive ad hocsupport for decisionmaking process.

ExecutiveInformationSystem (EIS).

Provide CriticalInformation from

MIS and DSS.

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Other Classification of Information Systems

Kategori sistem informasi yang lebih uniq atau lebih spesifik lagi. Karenasistem ini mampu mensupport aplikasi pada tingkat operasional maupunmanajemen.

Expert System

Knowledge-Based

System

KnowledgeManagement

SystemDisseminationknowledge within theenterprise

Strategic

Information System

Support strategicoutput for CompetitiveAdvantage

Functional

Business System

Application forFunction of company

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A SystemA group of interrelated components working togethertoward a common goal by accepting inputs andproducing outputs in an organizes transformationprocess.

Three Basic interactingcomponents or functions :

System Concepts:a foundation

Input.

Capturing

andassemblingelementsthat enterthe systemto beproceed.

Processing.

Transformation

process thatconvert inputinto output.

Output.

Transferring

elements thathave beenproduced by atransformationprocess totheir ultimatedestination.

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Jenis-jenis System

Keberadaan Feedback

Open_Loop System

Clsosed_Loop System

Bentuk

Physical System

Conceptual System

Hubungan dgn Lingkungan

Open System

Closed System

Input OutputProcess

Feedback

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Environment

Other Systems

System Boundary

ManufacturingProcess

Input ofRaw Materials

Output ofFinished Products

ControlSignals

ControlSignals

FeedbackSignals

FeedbackSignals

Control byManagement

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Stakeholders in theBusiness Environment

Supplier

Management

Information System

BusinessProcess

Market, Developand Deliver

Product andServices, SupportCustomers, Other

Process

EconomicResources

People, Money,

Material, Machines,Land, Facilities,Energy,

Information.

Input Processing Output

Gov.

Agency

The Community Competitors

Customer

Sto

ckholder

Financial Institutions Labor Union

Goods andServices

Products, services,

Payments,Contributions,Information, Other

Effects

FeedbackControl

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Information System Components

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Information System Resources

People Resources

Faktor manusia untuk

beroperasinya sistem adalah

End-User.

IS Specialists.

Hardware Resources

Semua media fisik dan materialyang digunakan dalampengolahan informasi :

Machines.(Physical device)

Media.(Object)

Software Resources

Program.Sekumpulan instruksi utk

komputer.

Procedure.Instruksi yang digunakanoleh manusia

Data Resources

Database.Kumpulan record atau filesyang terhubung secara logis.

Knowledge Bases.Penyimpan berbagai bentukfakta dan aturan dari berbagaimacam kesimpulan suatu

subjects.

Network Resources

Communication MediaMedia, perangkat komunikasi

Network Support.

processor communication,Modem.

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Information System Activities

1. Input of Data Resources

Kegiatan menangkap (captured)dan menyiapkan data. Misalnyarecording dan editing. Datadimasukan kedalam suatumedia/mesin kemudian diolah.

2. Processing of data into Information

Kegiatan memanipulasi data seperti,calculating, comparing, sorting,classifying, dan summarizing.

3. Output of information product

Informasi dalam berbagai bentukdiberikan kepada end-user.Produk informasi yang dihasilkanberupa report atau businessdocument.

4. Storage of Data Resources

Kegiatan sistem informasidimana data dan informasidisimpan untuk keperluan yangakan datang dan digunakan olehend user.

5. Control of System Performance

Memberikan feedback ataskegiatan input, processing,output, dan storage.

Feedback harus dimonitor dan

dievaluasi apakah sesuaidengan kinerja standar.

Feedback digunakan untukmelakukan penyesuaian padakegiatan sistem untukmengoreksi ketidak efesien yang

terjadi.

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Iwan Ekawanto SE MM / MIS - Foundation of IS

/

RecognizingInformation System

Bagaimana sistem tersebut mendukungoperasional business, pembuatan keputusanmanagerial, atau competitive advantage of abusiness.

Identifikasi adanya sistem informasi :

Adanya people, hardware, software, data, dannetwork resources yang digunakan.

Macam-macam Produk Informasi yangdihasilkan.

Aktivitas cara melakukan input, processing,output, storage, dan control.

End Of Section I

Obrien[7]001 Foundation is in Business (Student)

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