OBLIGATION PROHIBITION SUGGESTION NECESSITY MUST/MUSTN’T OUGHT TO/ OUGHT NOT TO NEED TO/ DON’T...
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OBLIGATION PROHIBITION SUGGESTION NECESSITY MUST/MUSTN’T OUGHT TO/ OUGHT NOT TO NEED TO/ DON’T NEED TO HAVE TO/ DON’T HAVE TO SHOULD/ SHOULDN’T
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Transcript of OBLIGATION PROHIBITION SUGGESTION NECESSITY MUST/MUSTN’T OUGHT TO/ OUGHT NOT TO NEED TO/ DON’T...
OBLIGATIONPROHIBITIONSUGGESTION
NECESSITY
MUST/MUSTN’TOUGHT TO/ OUGHT NOT TONEED TO/ DON’T NEED TOHAVE TO/ DON’T HAVE TOSHOULD/ SHOULDN’T
Do not feed the animals!
No smoking!Do not enter!
No eating!
No talking!
(lack of) PERMISSION REQUEST
(lack of) ABILITYPOSSIBILITY
1. Could/Would you help me with the homework?2. You can’t/mustn’t/may not smoke in here.3. You can/may borrow my dictionary.4. He can play the piano really well.5. He could/may/might have the flu.6. I can’t speak French.
Past & Perfect Modals
should have phoneddidn’t have to clean
ought not to have been rudeneedn’t have bought
weren’t abledidn’t need to
Lack of necessity
You don’t have to/don’t need to/ needn’t wake up early in the morning. It’s Sunday)))
She didn’t need to/ didn’t have to wake up early yesterday because it was Sunday.
You needn’t have left so early last night.
Use can, can’t, have to, don’t have to & needn’t
buy a ticket to travel on the bus
buy a monthly travel pass travel free if you are over 65 eat or drink in the vehicle buy tickets in advance
1. We took our time because we _________ be there until 11 o’clock.
2. You ____________ gone to see a doctor a doctor if you were feeling so ill.
3. Andy _____________ said that to Julie. He really upset her, didn’t he?
4. I was busy last Saturday, so I __________ gone to his party even if I’d wanted to.
5. You ___________ come to pick me up – there are plenty of taxis.
6. He ___________ arrived by now, because he left at least an hour ago.
7. We _____________ rushed, because we got there with plenty of time to spare.
8. If you had sprained your ankle, you ____________ walked here.
9. You ______________ let Paul know what we were doing – he was waiting for us.
10. We _______________ take an exam at the end of the course.
Making Deductions
Present Certainty: He must be
tired. Uncertainty: He might
be tired. Certainty: He can’t be
tired.
Past Certainty: He must
have been at work. Uncertainty: He might
have been at work. Certainty: He can’t
have been at work.
What might have happened ?
Stressed Exhausted Tired Frustrated Angry
