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Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) explain the impact of the assembly line on industry (2)...
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Transcript of Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) explain the impact of the assembly line on industry (2)...
Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) explain the impact of the assembly line on industry (2) defi ne key terms and people of the industrial era.
Homework: Read article on the “Lowell Girls” and write 3 comparisons with todays class or summarize in your own words (4 Sentences)
DO NOW: TAKE OUT YOUR HOMEWORK AND SHARE YOUR
DEFINITION OF THE MONROE DOCTRINE
Started in EnglandSmall hand tools to BIG
machinesWhy did industrialization grow
in the US? Free enterprise encouraged competition – Always willing to test new competition
New laws in the 1830s allowed companies to sell stock
Samuel Slater snuck in British technology!
Used to make textiles, lumber, shoes, leather, wagons, etc.
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONNORTH
What is an assembly line?
What do they do?What should we make
now?
ASSEMBLY LINE
Eli Whitney – Great New England Inventor
Interchangeable Parts – Machines made identical parts that were assembled by workers First did this with Gun making
Samuel Morse – Morse CodeFirst telegraph line connected Washington D.C. and Baltimore
Over 50,000 miles of telegraph line connected the country!
ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY
Regional SpecializationRegional Specialization
EAST Industrial
SOUTH Cotton & Slavery
WEST The Nation’s “Breadbasket”
Distribution of WealthDistribution of Wealthv During the American
Revolution,45% of all wealth in the top 10% ofthe population.
v 1845 Boston top 4% owned over 65% of the wealth.v 1860 Philadelphia top 1% owned over 50% of the wealth.v The gap between rich and poor was widening!
People moved to cities in search of factory jobs
Populations in cities doubled and tripled
One major opportunity: Printers and publishers
1840 – 75% of population, and 90% of white population could read
Many female teachers such as, Sarah Buell Hale, and Lydia Howard Huntley Sigourney
RISE OF LARGE CITIES
American Population Centers in 1820
American Population Centers in 1820
American Population Centers in 1860
American Population Centers in 1860
Lowell GirlsLowell Girls
What was their typical “profile?”
Average age – 24Contracts for 1 year (average stay 4 years)5 am -7 pm (Average 73 hrs week)Average salary $2-3 a weekChallenge traditional female roles but paid half as much as a men
Lowell Boarding HousesLowell Boarding Houses
What was boardinghouse life like?
25-40 women lived in each boarding house, with up to six sharing a bedroomCost 1.25-1.50 a weekWould foster community as well as resentment
Conditions were ridiculous
Managers and Workers had awful relationship
Workers Created Labor Unions: Workers who joined together to get better rights and working conditions
Strikes: work stoppages
Unions had little power and strikes failed
WORKERS ORGANIZING
Even though industry got big, farming (agriculture) #1
Northern Farmers sold extra goods to other towns and cities Used money to buy machines
Northern families worked hard on their farms
Ohio – “As far as the eye can stretch in the distance nothing but corn and wheat fields are to be seen; and on some points in the Scioto Valley as high as a thousand acres of corn may be seen in adjoining fields, belonging to some eight or ten diff erent people”
FARMING STILL IN CHARGE
Read the Lowell Girls article given to you by Mr. Collison and EITHER: write down 3 comparisons with today’s class OR summarize it in your own words (4 Sentences)
HOMEWORK