World Geography

Notebook – the first page of your notebook needs to look like this:

Test Name Score Qualifier Score Retest Score

Pre-Assessment N/A N/A

Geography and Sources Quiz

N/A N/A

Activator

• Create a KWL on the following:• Know – What do you know about world geography,

what are some key geographic terms?• Want – What do you want to know about it?• Learned – After todays lesson we will go back to this

and you will fill in what you have learned.

KWL

KNOW WANT TO KNOW LEARNED

• social studies•Culture•Latitude•Longitude•Location•Place, region•Canyons•Mountains•Rivers•Lakes•Oceans

•

LEQ

• Why is geography an integral part of understanding a regions history and why is it important to be able to distinguish between the different types of historical sources?

Vocabulary

• Equator – an imaginary circle around the earth that splits the globe into Northern and Southern hemispheres.

• Prime Meridian- an imaginary line around the earth that splits the globe into Eastern and Western hemispheres.

• Latitude – distance North or South of the Equator measured in degrees.

• Longitude – distance East or West of the Prime Meridian measured in degrees.

• Geography – science that deals with the natural features of the earth and the climate, products, and inhabitants

Guided Practice

• Using Page R32-33 in your textbook you will now practice what we have just talked about. First a few examples:

• New York City• 30 North, 60 East• 45 South, 75 West

Practice

• Los Angeles, California• Mexico City, Mexico• Moscow, Russia• Rio de Janeiro, Brazil• Madrid, Spain

Practice

• 30 North, 75 West• 60 South, 45 East• 75 North, 15 West• 15 North, 15 East• 30 South, 45 East

European Physical

European Political

Asia Physical

Asia Political

Where do historians get

their information?

HOTQ’s

• What is the difference between facts, interpretations, and opinions?

• How can you tell the difference between primary and secondary sources?

• How can I tell the difference between a cause and an effect?

Historians find information from different types of sources:

• Books• Newspapers and magazines• Film• Documents (legal, letters)• Art, architecture, photographs• Oral Histories• Artifacts

Two types of sources:

• Primary-a piece of evidence written, created or produced during the time period under study. Primary sources offer an inside view of a particular event, person, place, or time period. They also provide interpretation and analysis of primary sources.

• Secondary-sources provide interpretation and analysis of primary sources. Secondary sources are one step removed from the original event.

Primary Source Examples1. Legal Document: The Declaration of Independence

2. Diary of Anne Frank

3. Artwork: Mona Lisa

4. Speeches: I have a dream

5. Newspapers: The New York Times

Secondary Source Examples

• Textbooks• Movies, Plays, Songs • Non-fiction books• PBS documentary

What do historians do with these sources?

• They have to think critically and examine each source, in order to write the most educated and true story of what happened in the past.

• Historians have to consider several things when researching a topic:– Who or what created the source?– When was the source created?– Where was the source created or found?– Why was the source created or used?

Sometimes historians have to decide whether something is a:

• Fact- Something known to be true, and cannot be argued.– Ex. George Washington was the first president of the United States of

America.

• Interpretation -an explanation of the meaning of a source, or another's work. Sometimes historians must do this if the source’s meaning is unclear.– Ex. The man who wrote the Emperor's biography was his enemy, so it may not

present the emperor fairly.

• Opinion-a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.– Ex. Rome fell because the Romans were stupid.

Historians can use critical thinking to determine:

• Cause-is something that makes something else happen. To determine the cause, ask the question "Why Did it Happen?"

• Effect-is what happens as a result of the cause. Of two related events, it’s the one that happens second or last. To determine the effect, ask the question "What Happened?"

Example of Cause and Effect The Fall of Rome• Cause: Rome got too big too quickly, and the

government could not handle the size of their empire.

• Effect: Rome falls and is broken up into smaller pieces.

Quiz• The Diary of Anne Frank is an example of a

____________________________________.• “Mr. Clapp is the coolest person ever” is an example of a(n)

______________________.• Your textbook is an example of a

_____________________________________________.• The people were angry with their leader, so they began to revolt.

This is an example of ___________________________________________________________________________.

• The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. This is an example of ________________.

• Primary Source Cause and Effect• Secondary Source Opinion Fact

Use the coordinates in the left hand column to find the closest city and use

the cities given and find the coordinates of those cities.

• 20 North, 100 West• 20 South, 140 East• 40 North, 100 East• 40 North, 120 East• 30 North, 80 West

• Chicago• Taipei• Buenos Aires• Mexico City• Washington D.C.