Objectives 1. Methods used to measure the different hematological values, and compare it with the...
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Transcript of Objectives 1. Methods used to measure the different hematological values, and compare it with the...
Objectives
1. Methods used to measure the different hematological values, and compare it with the normal values.
2. The calculation of RBC indices, their normal values and their importance in diagnosis of different types of anemia.
3. Method used for determination of PCV (Hct) value.
1. Obtain CBC (RBCs, WBC, & platelets).
2. Determination of hemoglobin concentration.
3. Determination of packed cell volume (PCV) hematocrit.
4. Calculation of red blood cell indices.
Micro-Micro-hematochematoc
rit rit analyzeranalyzer
Coult
Coulter er Count
Counterer
Coulter Counter
General Principle
It counts and measures the sizes of particles (cells) by detecting and measuring the changes in electrical resistance when a particle in a conductive liquid pass through a small aperture.
An electrical current is passing through the
aperture
This current is disturbed when a cell passes through the aperture
The number of The number of disturbances = number disturbances = number of particlesof particles
The amount of The amount of disturbance = volume disturbance = volume of particlesof particles
Steps
1. Collect blood sample in anticoagulated glass tube.
2. Diluted by device and it will count RBCs.
3. A lytic reagent will be added to blood sample.
4. Lysis of RBCs for WBC count and Hb measurement.
Normal ValuesMaleMale FemaleFemale AverageAverage
RBCRBC 4.5-6.5 4.5-6.5 x10x1066//l l
3.8-5.8 3.8-5.8 x10x1066//ll
4.7–6.5 4.7–6.5 x10x1066//ll
WBCWBC 4 – 11 4 – 11 x10x1033 / /ll
4 – 11 4 – 11 x10x1033 / /ll
4 – 11 4 – 11 x10x1033 / /ll
HBHB 13-18 13-18 g/dlg/dl
11.5-11.5-16.5 g/dl16.5 g/dl
13 –18 13 –18 g/dlg/dl
PlateletPlatelet 150-150-400x10400x1033 / /ll
150-150-400x10400x1033 / /ll
150-150-400x10400x1033 / /ll
Clinical application
1. RBC = aneamia2. RBC = polycythemia3. WBC = leucopenia4. WBC = leucocytosis5. Platelets =
thrombocytopenia6. Platelets =
thrombocytosis
Measurement of Heamatocrit
Collect blood sample in heparinized capillary tube
Centrifuge
Read by heamatocrit reading scale
Normal value
Male Female Average
PCV % 40-54 35-47 35-54
Clinical Application
Hct (PCV): RBC (polycythemia) ; plasma volume (hemo-
concentration)
Hct (PCV): RBC (anemia), plasma volume (hem-dilution)
Calculation of RBC Indices
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)= Average RBC volume. MCV= Hct X 10/RBC Normal= 80-100 fl (fimtolitre ?)
Mean corpuscular heamoglobin (MCH)= Average weight of Hb in RBC. MCH= Hb X 10/RBC Normal= 27-31 pg
(picogram?)
Calculation of RBC indices
Mean corpuscular heamoglobin concentration (MCHC)= Concentration of Hb in 100ml of
RBCs. MCHC= Hb X 100/Hct Normal= 32-36 g/dl
Clinical Application
Helps in the diagnosis of aneamia.