Objective 8.L.1.1

Characteristics of Viruses & Bacteria.

Name the bacteria and viruses!

Microbiology

• An area of science that studies micro-organisms (microscopic) such as:1. Viruses;2. Bacteria;3. Protozoa and algae;4. Parasites;5. Fungi.

Pathogens

• A microbe that causes a disease.• 4 examples:– Bacteria– Viruses– Fungi– Protozoans/Protists

Bacteria

• Tiniest living organisms on earth.• They are unicellular – made of only ONE cell.• They do not have chlorophyll (for

photosynthesis) so they do not get energy from the sun.

• They can be found almost anywhere:1. Air2. Soil3. Water4. Inside body & skin.

Reproduction of Bacteria

• Multiply very rapidly with ideal conditions – reproduction potential.

• Billions can be found in the space of a drop of water. (Very tiny!)

• Millions of same type of bacteria located in the same place are called: colonies. Colonies can double

every 15 minutes!!

Calculating Reproduction Potential

• Make a chart and graph to find the reproduction of a bacteria that doubles every 20 minutes over a period of 2 hours.

Morphology of Bacteria

• Morphology – shapes and structures.

• Bacteria have 3 basic morphologies:1. Sphere

2. Rod

3. Spiral

Viruses• Microscopic, non-living

particles.• They infect living organisms,

called a “Host Organism.”• They need a “Host Cell” to replicate. They infect the host cell and it makes copies of the virus. When the host cell bursts and dies, the virus is released to infect more cells.

Viral Reproduction

Lytic Reproduction• Virus uses the host cell to

make more copies of itself.

• It causes the host cell to burst from so many copies.

Viral Reproduction

Lysogenic Reproduction• The virus uses the host

cell to copy its DNA and then inserts that DNA into future viruses.