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Objective 1 Terms: intro to microbes and cells microbeprokaryotic cell eukaryotic cellorganism...
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Transcript of Objective 1 Terms: intro to microbes and cells microbeprokaryotic cell eukaryotic cellorganism...
Microbes – they are everywhere!Objective 1 Terms: intro to microbes and cells
microbe prokaryotic celleukaryotic cell organismnucleus deoxyribonucleic acidchromosome organelle
Objective 2 Terms: Bacteria
bacteria nutritionreproduce enzymeosmosis asexual reproductionbinary fission symbiosis
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IekdfJ-7Zyk (Mahalo and cells)
MICROBESA microbe is any microscopic organism The oldest form of life on earth were microbes fossils were found that date back more than 3.5 billion years ago = Cyanobacteria – oldest fossils whose ancestors today still produce O2 thru photosynthesis
Human cells?
Bacteria false-coloured scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of symbiotic human intestinal bacteria (NIH Human Microbiome
Project Defines Normal Bacterial Makeup of the Body, 2012)
Chromosomes – wound up DNA
Domain?Kingdom?
http://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/our-microbial-auras-follow-us-everywhere-we-go home fingerprint)
Dinner Time! Bacteria "eat" everything: organics, inorganics,
solar power (photosynthetic) Release enzymes that chop up the food Ingestion through osmosis.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sg1eFxZjTTQ
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e., increase the rates of) chemical reactions
Reproduction: Binary Fission
Use asexual reproduction
Binary Fission
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6akNYlkehY (real time)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cD3U2pgb5w
Pathogens Tuberculosis is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis One-third of
world’s population is infected and it remains the top infectious killer of people only secondary to HIV (Smaill, 2013)
The current vaccine for TB was developed in 1920‘s
“In 2013, 9 million people fell ill with TB and 1.5 million died from the disease” (WHO
Tuberculosis Fact sheet N°104 Updated October 2014)
the light-sensitive green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium can act together with Geobacter, an electron moving bacterium.
“when you put these two organisms together, you get both a light response and the ability to generate an electric current.“ (Harth 2013)
Bacteria only have three different shapes: rod, sphere and spiral.
Most of the bacteria we will see are rod-shaped
Identifying bacteria using a microscope
Bacteria & communication1. What were the researchers investigating
question?
2. What was the method used?
3. What did they learn?
4. How does this apply to humans and disease?
http://www.ted.com/talks/bonnie_bassler_on_how_bacteria_communicate
Homework Each group choose one harmful or one
beneficial bacteria Research and make a poster on the
bacteria that includes: A picture Name Describe how the bacteria is helpful or
harmful (2-3 sentences) Any relevant statistcs Any interesting info on the bacteria
Bibliography Harth, Richard. "Working Together: Bacteria Join
Forces to Produce Electricity | ASU News." ASU News. Arizona State University, 8 Oct. 2013. Web. 11 Oct. 2013. <https://asunews.asu.edu/20131008-bacteria-electricity>.
"NIH Human Microbiome Project Defines Normal Bacterial Makeup of the Body." U.S. National Library of Medicine, 18 June 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2013. <http://www.nih.gov/news/health/jun2012/nhgri-13.htm>.
Smaill F. et al. 2013. A Human Type 5 Adenovirus–Based Tuberculosis Vaccine Induces Robust T Cell Responses in Humans Despite Preexisting Anti-Adenovirus Immunity. Sci. Transl. Med. 5, 205ra134; doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006843