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Ch 1 Rate of Reaction
RATE OF REACTION
Pn. Looi / 019-2379280
Ch 1 Rate of Reaction
1
The figure shows the graph of total volume of gas liberated against time for a reaction between marble and hydrochloric acid. It can be deduced from the graph thatA the rate of reaction at the 10th second is lower
than the rate of reaction a the 20th second.B the total volume of gas collected for the first
20 seconds is cm3
C the total volume of gas collected in the experiment is v cm3
D rate of gas production is maximum at the 40th second.
2 Which of the following acids will produce a
highest rate of reaction when 1 g of calcium carbonate is added to it?A 50.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acidB 50.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acidC 50.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 ethanoic acidD 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
3
A flask containing calcium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid was placed on a top-pan balance. The mass was recorded every 10 seconds. When was the reaction slowest? A 0 secondsB 20 secondsC 40 secondsD 60 seconds
4
The graph shows the total volume of hydrogen gas liberated against time when a metal reacts with an acid in Experiment P and Experiment Q. Which of the following explains the difference between the two curves obtained in the experiments?
I The temperature of acid in Experiment P is higher than that in Experiment Q.
II A catalyst is used in Experiment P but not in Experiment Q.
III The number of moles of acid and metal used in Experiment P is more than that in Experiment Q
IV Metal powder is used in Experiment P but metal granules are used in Experiment Q
A III and IV onlyB I, II and III onlyC I, II and IV onlyD I, II, III and IV
5 Marble chips react with hydrochloric acid to form carbon dioxide gas. Which of the following explains why the rate of carbon dioxide produced decreases with time?
I The total surface area of the marble chips decrease with time
II The concentration of hydrochloric acid decreases with time
III Calcium chloride formed covers the surface of the marble chips
IV Heat energy is given off to the surroundingA I and II onlyB III and IV onlyC I, II and IV onlyD I, III and IV only
6 Which of the following, when mixed together, will liberate gas at the highest rate?A 5 g of limestone powder and 0.2 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acidB 5 g of limestone granules and 0.2 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acidC 10 g of limestone powder and 0.1 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acidD 10 g of limestone powder and 0.2 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid7 5C2O4
2-(aq) + 16H+(aq) + 2MnO4-(aq)
→ 10CO2(g) + 8H2O(l) + 2Mn2+(aq)
Pn. Looi / 019-2379280
Time/s
0 10 20 30 40
Volume of gas /cm3
v
Time/s
Volume of hydrogen gas /cm3
Experiment P
Experiment Q
Time/s
Mass of flask and contents/g
׀ ׀ ׀ ׀ ׀ 70 60 50 40 30 20 0׀
100 –
-
50 -
-
In the above reaction between ethanadioic ion (C2O4
2-) and acidified potassium manganate(VII), excess acidified potassium manganate(VII) is used. The rate of reaction can be determined by measuringA the time for the Mn2+ ions to formB the time for the colour of MnO4
- to disappearC the mass of the manganate salt formed after a
certain timeD the time taken to collect a fixed volume of
carbon dioxide.
8 In a chemical reaction, a catalyst increases the rate of reaction byA decreasing the activation energy of the
reactionB increasing the energy of the particles of the
reactantsC reducing the frequency of effective collisionsD increasing the frequency of collision between
the particles of the reactants
9 The time taken for 5 g of marble chips to react completely with 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid can be increased byA adding water to the reactantsB adding a catalystC replacing 5 g of marble chips with 5 g of
marble powderD adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to the
reactants
10 Magnesium ribbons of the same length are put into a few acid solutions . In which of the following acids will the magnesium ‘disappear’ fastest?A 100 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acidB 100 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 etanoic acidC 100 cm3 of 1mol dm-3 nitric acidD 200 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
11
Gas X reacts with gas Y according to the following equation:
X(g) + Y(g) → Z(g)
Gas X and gas Y at room temperature, are put into the syringe as shown in the diagram. Which
of the following procedures will increase the rate of formation of Z? I Remove some of the mixture from the syringe II Put the syringe in water at room temperatureIII Pump in a small quantity of heliumIV Push the piston downwards
A I, II, III and IV C II and III onlyB I, II and III only D IV only
12 Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Zink powder was added to excess hydrochloric acid in an experiment. Which of the following graphs represent the change in the reactants and products with time?
I II
III IV
A I and III onlyB I, II and IV onlyC II, III and IV onlyD I, II, III and IV
13Experiment Reactants Initial rate
of reaction
I2 g magnesium ribbon and 10 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acidp
II2 g magnesium powder and 10 cm3 1.5 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acidq
III2 g magnesium powder and 10 cm3 1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
r
The table shows three experiments carried out to study the initial rate of reaction of magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
piston
Mixture of gas X and gas Y
time
time
Concentration of hydrochloricacid
0
Concentration of hydrochloricacid
0
Concentration of zinc chloride
0
Volume of gas
0 time
time
3
Arrange in increasing order, the rate of reaction of the three experimentsA p, q, r C r, p, q B p, r, q D q, r, p
14
The curve P in the diagram shows the decomposition of 20 cm3 of 0.40 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide at 30oC, using 0.2 g of manganese(IV) oxide as a catalyst. Which of the following will result in the curve Q?
Exp
erim
ent
Vol
ume
of
hydr
ogen
pe
roxi
de
/ cm
3
Con
cent
rati
on o
f hy
drog
en
pero
xide
/ m
ol d
m-3
Qua
ntit
y of
m
anga
nese
(IV
) ox
ide
/ g
Tem
p-er
atur
e
/ o C
A
B
C
D
20
25
40
40
0.25
0.40
0.25
0.40
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
30
30
30
40
15 Which of the following are characteristics of a catalyst? I It changes the rate of a reaction II Its mass does not change after the reactionIII It increases the quantity of the productsIV Its effect on the rate of reaction depends on its
surface areaA I onlyB II and IV onlyC I, II and IV onlyD I, II, III and IV
16
ExptMass of copper(II)
Volume of hydrogen
Concentration of hydrogen
oxide/g
peroxide/cm3
peroxide/ mol dm-3
I 1 50 1.0II 1 100 0.5
Two experiments were carried out to measure the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, catalysed by copper(II) oxide. Which of the following graphs show the volume of oxygen liberated against time?
A C
B D
17 Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia according to the following equation:
N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
Which of the following graphs represents the change in the concentration of ammonia against time?
A C
B D
18
Time/s
Volume of oxygen /cm3
P
Q
Time
Concentration
Time
Concentration
Time
Concentration
Time
Concentration
Time / minute
Volume of oxygen / cm3
v
׀ t1
׀t2
Time
Volume
of gas
Experiment II
Experiment I
Time
Volume of gas
Experiment II
Experiment I
Time
Volume of gas
Experiment I
Experiment II
Time
Volume
of gas
Experiment I
Experiment II
4
The graph shows the volume of oxygen produced against time for the decomposition of sodium chlorate(I), NaClO.
2NaClO(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + O2(g)
Which of the following can be deduced from the graph? I The average rate at which the gas is liberated
during the period t1 is cm3 minute-1.
II The rate of gas liberated is higher at the beginning of the experiment.
III The rate of gas liberated at t2 is zeroIV The rate of decomposition of sodium chlorate
decreases with time
A I, II and III onlyB I, III and IV onlyC II, III and IV onlyD I, II, III and IV
19 Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into oxygen and water as shown in the following equation.
2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
Which of the following solutions containing hydrogen peroxide will decompose at the highest rate?
Concentration Temperature
A 0.05 mol dm-3 21oCB 0.05 mol dm-3 28oCC 0.02 mol dm-3 25oCD 0.02 mol dm-3 28oC
20 Which of the following pairs of substances will produce the highest initial rate of reaction?A 40 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 HCl and 1 g marble
piecesB 20 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 HCl and 1 g marble
powderC 40 cm3 of 3 mol dm-3 HCl and 1 g marble
powderD 40 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 HCl and 1 g marble
powder
21 An increase in temperature will result in a higher rate of reaction because I the kinetic energy of the reactant particles
increases
II the activation energy of the reaction decreasesIII the frequency of effective collision increasesIV the energy required to break the chemical
bonding decreasesA I onlyB I and III onlyC II and III onlyD II and IV only
22
The graph shows the total volume of hydrogen gas liberated against time when magnesium reacts with excess sulfuric acid. Which of the following graph will be obtained if a little copper(II) sulphate is added?
A C
B D
23. Which of the following conditions will result in the highest rate of reaction when a fixed quantity of zinc is added to 100 cm3 of sulphuric acid?
Concentration of sulphuric
acid / mol dm-
3
Temperature/oC
Zink
ABCD
1.01.50.52.0
25203030
GranularGranularPowderedPowdered
24 Which of the following pairs are matched wrongly?
Industrial Process Catalyst
Time / s
Volume of hydrogen / cm3
40
׀30
Time / s
Time / s
Time / s
Volume of hydrogen / cm3
50 Volume of hydrogen / cm3
40
Time / s
Volume of hydrogen / cm3
40
Volume of hydrogen / cm3 25
׀30
׀40
׀20
׀30
5
A Contact Process Vanadium(V) oxideB Haber Process Iron filingC Ostwald Process NickelD Cracking of Petroleum Aluminium oxide
25 The function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction is toA increase the kinetic energy of the particles of
the reactantsB provide an alternative pathway with a lower
activation energyC promote collision between the particles of the
reactantsD absorb heat from the reactants
26 The initial rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and 0.l mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution can be increased ifA the volume of sodium thiosulphate solution is
increasedB 50 cm3 of water is added to the sodium
thiosulphate solutionC 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution is
used instead of 0.1 mol dm-3
D the temperature of acid hydrochloric solution is decreased
27 Which of the following properties of a catalyst will never change during a reaction?A appearanceB surface areaC physical stateD chemical composition
28 A chemical reaction between a solid and an acid is too fast for safe use by a class of students. Which set of changes is most likely to make the reaction safe for the students to use?
Piece of solid
Acid Temperature
A
B
C
D
Larger
Larger
Smaller
Smaller
Less concentratedMore concentratedLess concentratedMore concentrated
Lower
Higher
Lower
Higher
29 The graph shows how the total volume of hydrogen produced by a reaction between hydrochloric acid and excess magnesium varied with time.
Which statement about section XY of the curve is correct?A All the magnesium has reactedB No more hydrogen is being producedC The concentration of the acid is decreasingD The speed of reaction is at its maximum
30
Time / s 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Volume of gas /cm3
0 2.0 3.7 5.2 6.4 7.3 8.6 8.6
The table shows the total volume of gas collected at regular intervals in a reaction. What is the average rate of reaction in the second minute?A 0.040 cm3s-1
B 0.045 cm3s-1
C 0.053 cm3s-1
D 0.062 cm3s-1
Chapter 1 Rate of reaction
Answers
Time
Total volume of hydrogen produced
X Y
6
1. C2. B3. D4. C5. A6. D7. D8. A9. A10. A11. D12. C13. B14. C15. C16. B17. D18. D19. B20. C21. B22. C23. D24. C25. B26. C27. D28. A29. B30. B
7