Obesity & Weight Controllisagor/Spring 2018/S18 321/3...Obesity & Weight Control Angie Saweres,...
Transcript of Obesity & Weight Controllisagor/Spring 2018/S18 321/3...Obesity & Weight Control Angie Saweres,...
Obesity & Weight Control
Angie Saweres, Arezoo Jamshidifar, Cynthia Rincon, Maryam Jambor Sadeghian, Sandra
Pelayo
What is Obesity?
Obesity is a condition that is associated with having an excess of body fat, defined by genetic and environmental factors that are difficult to control when dieting. Obesity is classified as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or greater. BMI is a tool used to measure obesity. http://www.obesityaction.org/understanding-obesity/obesity
Statistics
➢ Globally there are 475
million obese adults
➢ Over 200 million
children are
overweight
Socioeconomic Factors
➢ High socioeconomic status ○ Healthier foods, whole
grains, lean meats ➢ Low socioeconomic status
○ Food insecurity ○ Less accessibility ○ Lack of knowledge
Different Life Stages of Obesity
➢ Childhood Obesity ➢ Elderly Obesity ➢ What does race and gender have to do with it?
Childhood Obesity
➢ BMI Chart for Children ➢ Causes ➢ Prevention
BMI Chart for Children
Children’s growth and development are different than adults
Causes of Childhood Obesity
➢ Some studies found BMI is 25-40% hereditary
Causes Cont’d
Poor Diet-eating high calories, but low nutrients Which can lead to: ➢ Heart disease ➢ Diabetes ➢ Sleep apnea
Children’s Diet & Social Class
Children living in low income communities are
more likely to become overweight
Due to:
➢ Low cost foods usually contain high fat & sugar ➢ Nutrient dense foods are expensive
Prevention
Children’s diet behavior is influenced from the home
➢ Talk to your children ➢ Incorporate healthy foods when cooking meals
○ More vegetables, fruits, legumes, etc
➢ Let children participate in making meals ➢ Encourage physical activity ➢ Parents lead by example
Elderly Obesity
Factors that contribute to obesity:
➢ BMI level ➢ Decrease in energy expenditure ➢ Decrease in physical activities
Diseases
➢ Diabetes mellitus ➢ Hypertension ➢ Dyslipidemia ➢ Arthritis ➢ Obstructive sleep apnea ➢ Urinary incontinence ➢ Cataracts
Prevention There are different types of treatment including:
➢ Lifestyle intervention: modified by consuming low energy diet and doing physical activities.
➢ Pharmacotherapy: use of drugs such as sibutramine and orlistat.
➢ Surgery: gastric bypass and gastric band.
Gastric Bypass
Gastric band
Risk factors
➢ Age ➢ Sex ➢ Race ➢ Genetics
Gender Factors
Women ➢ More body fat ➢ Less muscle density
Men ➢ Less body fat ➢ More muscle density
❖ Women tend to be heavier than men
Age Factors
➢ Weight continues to increase as we age
➢ Different changes in
body composition occur with age
Race Factors
➢ African Americans
are heavier than Hispanics and Whites
Genetics
➢ Researchers found new genetic factors that could explain weight gain in some people.
Recommendations as Meal Managers
➢ Methods that follow a healthy diet:
○ variety, balance, and moderation
➢ Educate those who are not informed
➢ Using MyPlate as a reference can help
as well
○ Recommends what foods to eat
The Role of Diet and Exercise
❖ Using exercise alone to treat obesity does not work
➢ Takes ~2 years for a sedentary person to
achieve a normal weight with walking
❖ Using diet alone, reduces weight dramatically
➢ Restricting certain foods help, and eating a
high-protein diet aids in satiety