Presentation of

Group VI

Samar State University

NUTRITION

What Is

Nutrition?

The organic process of nourishing or being nourished; the processes by which an organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and maintenance.

Is the science that studies the process by which living organisms acquire all the things that are necessary for them to live and grow.

Is commonly seen as a combination of basic requirements such as food and water.

Is the process by which the body takes in and uses food.

Why Is Nutrition Important?

Aside from providing you with energy, nutrition also involves an understanding of how a healthy diet prevents the development of diseases, problems, and other conditions of the body.

The study of nutrition is able to identify how certain illnesses and conditions may be triggered by poor diet, metabolic diseases, food allergies, and other dietary factors.  When you ask any health experts, whether he be a doctor, dentist, or psychologist, to name a branch of medicine that is completely unrelated to nutrition, they will most probably be dumbfounded, since there is no answer at all.

Nutrition is present in all aspects of life. Form the moment of fertilization, right at that time a sperm cell fertilizes an egg, until a fetus develops, to its birth, to its maturity and death, some form of nourishment always takes places. Even at death, the body serves as nourishment for several other organisms.  Anything that has life and carries out, and all various chemical and biochemical activities, will rely on nutrition to survive – because all of us depend on energy to live and energy results from food combustion.

NUTRIENTS : A chemical that an organism needs to live and grow or a substance

used in an organism's metabolism which must be taken in from its environment.

chemicals found in foods that are essential to human growth and function.

They are used to build and repair tissues, regulate body processes and converted to and used as energy.

Macronutrients contain:

proteins

Carbohydrates fats

Micronutrients include:

vitamins

minerals water

They are needed in large amount of nutrients.

They are needed in small amount to sustain our normal health and body functions.

Having good nutrition means eating the right types of foods in the right amounts so you get important nutrients. There are no special diets, or particular foods, that will boost your immune system. But there are things you can do to keep your immunity up.

The Six Classes of Nutrients and Their Functions

Proteins builds muscles and a strong immune system.

Carbohydrates gives you energy.

Fats gives you extra energy.

Vitamins regulate body processes.

Water gives cells shape and acts as a medium where body processes can occur.

Minerals regulate body processes and also make up body tissues.

Nutrition focuses on the role of nutrients, which are defined as substances that the body cannot make on its own and include things like vitamins, minerals, and certain macromolecules. Basically, nutrition consists of diet (what you take in) and metabolism (what happens to it after it enters your body).

Vitamins and minerals are most important part of out dietary need. These are essentials that our body needs to function properly. Vitamins and minerals are also considered as coenzymes because these help our body’s enzymes in performing daily activities and chemical reactions to support life. Our body needs vitamins and minerals in very less amount and so these are called micronutrients.

Vitamins & Minerals

Is an organism compound required as a nutrients in tiny amounts by an organism. In other words, an organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when it cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism, and must be obtained from the diet.

Vitamins are an essential nutrient because

they build and maintain healthy bones and

muscle tissue. They also support our

immune system, maintain the health of our

blood, and ensure healthy vision. Vitamins

are micro-nutrients, meaning they are

needed in small amounts to sustain our

normal health and body functions. Some

examples of common vitamins are Vitamin

C and K, and the many B Vitamins.

Two categories

of vitamins

LIFESTYLE

1. Fat-soluble > dissolve in fat and can be stored in your body.

vitamins A, D, E, and K

Vitamin A prevents eye problems, promotes a healthy immune system, it is essential for the growth and development of cells, and keeps skin healthy.

Vitamin D strengthens bones because it helps the body absorb bone-building calcium.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant and helps protect cells from damage. It is also important for the health of red blood cells.

Vitamin K Naturally produced by the bacteria in the intestines, vitamin K plays an essential role in normal blood clotting and helps promote bone health.

2. Water-soluble > need to dissolve in water before your body can absorb them.

vitamins C and B complex

Vitamin C is needed to form collagen, a tissue that helps to hold cells together. It's essential for healthy bones, teeth, gums, and blood vessels. It helps the body absorb iron and calcium, aids in wound healing, and contributes to brain function.

vitamin B are a group of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism.

B complex:

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)helps the body convert carbohydrates into energy and is necessary for the heart, muscles, and nervous system to function properly.

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) is essential for turning carbohydrates into energy and producing red blood cells. It is also important for vision.

Vitamin B3 (niacin or niacinamide) helps the body turn food into energy. It helps maintain healthy skin and is important for nerve function.

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) is the amide between pantoate and beta-alanine

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is important for normal brain and nerve function. It also helps the body break down proteins and make red blood cells.

Vitamin B7 (biotin) is composed of a ureido (tetrahydroimidizalone) ring fused with a tetrahydrothiophene ring.

Vitamin B9 (folic acid) helps the body make red blood cells. It is also needed to make DNA.

Vitamin B12 (cobalamins) helps to make red blood cells, and is important for nerve cell function.

Is an inorganic elements that come from the soil and water and are absorbed by plants or eaten by animals. Your body needs larger amounts of some minerals, such as calcium, to grow and stay healthy. Other minerals like chromium, copper, iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc are called trace minerals because you only need very small amounts of them each day.

Two categories

of minerals

“HEALTHY FOODS”

1. Major minerals (macro minerals) > Large amount of minerals

→ Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Sodium

a. Calcium (Ca) Key constituent of bones and teeth; Essential for vital metabolic processes such as nerve function, muscle contraction, and blood clotting.

b. Iron (Fe) Essential for transfer of oxygen between tissues in the body;

c. Magnesium (Mg) Essential for healthy bones; Functioning of muscle & nervous tissue;Needed for functioning of approx. 90 enzymes.

d. Phosphorous (P) Constituent of bone tissue; Forms compounds needed for energy conversion reactions (e.g. adenosine triphosphate - ATP).

e. Potassium (K) Main base ion of intracellular fluid; Necessary to maintain electrical potentials of the nervous system - and so functioning of muscle and nerve tissues.

f. Sodium (Na) Controls the volume of extracellular fluid in the body; Maintains the acid-alkali (pH) balance in the body; Necessary to maintain electrical potentials of the nervous system - and so functioning of muscle and nerve tissues.

2. Trace minerals (micro minerals) > Small amount of minerals

→ Chromium, Copper, Manganese, Selenium, Sulphur, Zinc, Iodine, Boron, Germanium, Selenium, Silicon, Vanadium, and Molybdenum

a. Chromium (Cr) Involved in the functioning of skeletal muscle.

b. Copper (Cu) Part of the enzyme copper-zince superoxide dismutase (CuZn SOD); Also present in other enzymes, including cytochrome oxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase, and tyrosinases; Found in the red blood cells, and in blood plasma.

c. Manganese (Mn) Antioxidant properties; Fertility; Formation of strong healthy bones, nerves, and muscles; Forms part of the enzyme copper-zince superoxide dismutase (CuZn SOD) system.

d. Selenium (Se) Antioxidant properties (prevents peroxidation of lipids in the cells); Essential component of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase; Contributes to efficiency of the immune system - very wide variety of protective functions within the body.

e. Sulphur (S) Healing build-up of toxic substances in the body; Structural health of the body (sulphur is a part of many amino acids incl. cysteine and methionine); Healthy s kin, nails & hair.

f. Zinc (Zn) Needed for: Functioning of many (over 200) enzymes; Strong A immune system.

g. Iodine ( I )helps to metabolize excess fat and is necessary for thyroid gland health.

h. Boron (B) is needed for healthy bones, muscle growth, and cognitive function.

i. Germanium (Ge) Germanium enhances cellular oxygenation, which in turn improves total body health. It is found in basically all organic food, with high amounts in shiitake mushrooms, broccoli, celery, milk, and rhubarb.

j. Selenium (Se) This mineral works synergistically with vitamin E to protect free radical damage to fatty material.

k. Vanadium (V) Used for cellular metabolism, bone and teeth formation, and growth, vanadium is another micro mineral that athletes may need more of.

l. Molybdenum (Mo) An integral nutrient for the conversion of purines to uric acid and nitrogen metabolism, as well as bone and teeth health, deficiencies of this micro mineral are linked to mouth and gum problems as well as cancer.

Macro Mineral Definitions vary slightly from one source to another, but common definitions of Macro Minerals include:1. Minerals found in a typical adult human body in quantities greater than

5g.2. Minerals required by a typical adult human body in quantities greater

than 100mg per day.

Micro Mineral Definitions vary slightly from one source to another, but common definitions of Micro Minerals include:1. Minerals found in a typical adult human body in quantities less than

5g.2. Minerals required by a typical adult human body in quantities of 1mg-

100mg per day.

What Vitamins and Minerals do? Vitamins and minerals boost the immune system, support normal

growth and development, and help cells and organs do their jobs.

For example

1. you've probably heard that carrots are good for your eyes. It's true! Carrots are full of substances called carotenoids that your body converts into vitamin A, which helps prevent eye problems.

Harmful Vitamin Supplements

In Short :

Too much of almost any vitamin or mineral can be extremely harmful. When food contains large amounts of vitamins and minerals, the body prevents damage by decreasing the absorption rate. To promote supplements this decreased absorption is presented as a 'defect', that has to be compensated by consuming purchased supplements. Supplements however, can be extremely harmful because contents are highly concentrated, blocking selective uptake.

means getting enough macronutrients and micronutrients.

“Good nutrition”

For good nutrition…

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Application

Fuel for Growth

People go through a lot of physical changes — including growth and puberty — during their teenage years. Eating right during this time is especially important because the body needs a variety of vitamins and minerals to grow, develop, and stay healthy.

Eating a variety of foods is the best way to get all the vitamins and minerals you need each day, as well as the right balance of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and calories. Whole or unprocessed foods — like fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, lean meats, fish, and poultry — are the best choices for providing the nutrients your body needs to stay healthy and grow properly.

Thank You for

listening!

Created by:

C@ Cornerstone group