Nutrition. Do Now What are the 5 basic food groups? Give 3 example foods for each group.
Transcript of Nutrition. Do Now What are the 5 basic food groups? Give 3 example foods for each group.
Nutrition
Do NowWhat are the 5 basic food groups? Give 3
example foods for each group
Do Now
HomeworkStatus on Digestive System Research Papers
MetabolismMetabolism – a broad term referring to all
chemical reactions that are necessary to maintain life
Catabolism – substances are broken down to simpler substancesBroken bonds create energy
Anabolism – larger molecules or structures are built from other molecules or structures
Body Energy BalanceWhen fuel is burned, it takes oxygen and
releases heat
Apply this to the body…
Energy intake = total energy output
TEO = Heat + work + energy stored
Energy Intake v. OutputIntake occurs from glycolysis, Krebs Cycle and
Electron Transport Chain
Output occurs from:Lost heat (approx 60% of total)Energy used to do work (ATP)Energy stored in the form of fat or glycogen
Energy Intake v. OutputWhen intake = output body weight remains
relatively stable
No receptors in the body are able to sense the body’s total calorie intake
Basal Metabolic RateBMR is the amount of heat produced by the
body per unit of time, while the body is at restBasically the individuals necessary energy supply
to perform essential life activitiesBreathing, heartbeat, kidney function
Some factors that increase BMR:MaleYoung ageStrong emotions of anger/fear
HyperthyroidismHyperthyroidism – results due to the excessive
metabolic rate
Breaks down fats and tissue proteinsCauses hunger (excessive eating) but the
individual still tends to lose weight
Hypothyroidism – Slower metabolism, obesity and slower brain function
Total Metabolic RateFact of the matter is, we all don’t just live to
breath and have our heart beat
TMR refers to the total amount of Calories the body consumes to fuel all physical activities
When a trained athlete exercises for several minutes, TMR can increase 15-20 times normal
Carb MetabolismBody uses carbs as the preferred source of fuel
to produce energyGlucose ATP
Carb MetabolismAll carbon leaves in the form of carbon dioxide
All hydrogens combine with oxygen to form waterA lot of energy in Hydrogen bonds
Krebs Cycle In Mitochondria – 2 ATP
Electron Transport Chain In Mitochondria – 28 ATPLonger process
Fat MetabolismHandled by the liver in a few different ways:
1. Use some fat to create ATP
2. Create a clotting protein
3. Cholesterol
4. Release some to the blood
Fat MetabolismBody removes fat and cholesterol from the blood
to create membranes or hormonesForm myelin sheaths
Stored fat yields twice as much energy as Carbs or proteins
HomeworkComplete Draft for Digestive System Disease
research essayDue Thursday
Any and all missing work due for class Thursday