Nutrition
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Transcript of Nutrition
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Balanced diet – The overall dietary pattern of foods consumed that provide all the essential nutrients in the appropriate amounts to support life processes, such as growth in children without promoting excess weight.
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“Diet”-The kind of food that we eat and drink regularly.
A balance diet containsi. Carbohydratesii.Proteinsiii.Vitaminsiv.Mineral saltsv.Fibervi.water
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Functions of the important food classes
1. Carbohydrates-supply
energy
2. Proteins- Provide
materials for growth and
repair.
3. Fats- Provide energy and
stores excess food.Soluble
1.
2.
3.
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CONTINUE….
4. Vitamin -Need for small quantity to keep healthy.
5.Mineral salts-For healthy teeth, bones, musles,.etc.
6. Dietary fiber-Help intestine to function, properly.
5.
6
7.
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1. Milk, and Milk products (little bit)
2. Meat, Fish, Eggs, nuts, Beans (20%)
3. Vegetables and Fruits (20%)
4. Rice, Bread, Cereals ( 60%)
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Table 1:Factor effecting daily energy requirement of the human body
Bil Factor Effect Reason
1. Age -Children and young (21 years) need more energy.-Old and aged people need less energy
-A high metabolic rate is needed to produce extra energy for physical growth- Metabolism slow down
2. Body Size
-Person same sex and age need more energy compare smaller build
-More energy for basal metabolism and smaller build
3. Sex -Men have high metabolism then women
-Tend to be bigger, and more actively
4. Genetic -Genetic disposition -Metabolic rate influence by your genes
5. Occupation
-Heavy and active work need more energy.
-Higher energy requirement
6. Climate -Living in cold countries need more energy to maintain body temperature compared to those living in the tropics.
-More heat lost to surroundings in colder countries
7. Pregnancy
-Pregnant women require more energy than non-pregnant women
-Higher metabolic rate is required to support the energy requirements of the mother and developing fetus
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Definition of energy value of food:
The energy produced when 1 gram of food is completely combusted
Measured in units of joule per gram (J/g) or kilojoules per gram (kJ/g)
How to calculate energy value in food sample???
Energy release: Q=mct
Q= Heatm=massc= heat capacity 4.2J/goCt=temperature
energy Value (J/g)=Mass of water (g) x Temperature rise (oC) x 4.2 J/goCMass of Food (g)
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DAILY ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF THE HUMAN BODY
AGE BODY SIZE
SEX
GENES
OCCUPATIONPREGNANCY
CLIMATE
LACTATION
LIFE STYLE
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Diet – kinds of food we eat and drink regularly
Balanced diet – contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats vitamins, mineral salts, fibres & water in the correct proportions
Energy , Q = mct m = mass c = 4.2 J/g0C t = temperature
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