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Development and Implementation of Regulatory Requirements for the Security of Radioactive Sources

A Canadian perspective

Karen Mayer, B.Sc.Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission

Development and Implementation of Regulatory Requirements for the Security of Radioactive Sources

A Canadian perspective

Karen Mayer, B.Sc.Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission Edocs # 4458815

2Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission

The Canadian ContextThe Canadian Context

Canada is one of the world’s largest suppliers of radioactive sealed sources used in various beneficial applications globally

Domestically ~ 261 category 1 and 2 high risk radioactive source licensees in Canada

Regulator: Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC)


Radioactive Source Security: Canadian Practices

Radioactive Source Security: Canadian Practices

• Effective national legislative framework• Independent national regulatory body• Regulatory system for authorizations• National Sealed Source Registry and Sealed Source

Tracking System for high-risk sources• Effective import/export controls• Enhanced regulatory oversight program for orphan sources• Adequately trained and qualified competent authorities• NEW: security measures and guidance for high-risk sources


Effective Implementation of Security Measures: Challenges

Effective Implementation of Security Measures: Challenges

Responsibility functions Potential for duplication Cost Public access - hospitals and universities Remote locations Safety and security interface Sustainability


Development Process for Security MeasuresDevelopment Process for Security Measures

1. Benchmarking with other Canadian regulators

2. Benchmarking with other countries

3. Review of IAEA recommendations and guidance documents

4. Internal CNSC review5. Security awareness to inspectors

and stakeholders6. Public consultation - Outreach7. Presentation to the Commission

and approval


Effective Implementation of Security Measures: What Works

Effective Implementation of Security Measures: What Works

Stakeholder engagement (public and industry)Performance-based compliance activitiesCost-effective solutions Security culture development through awareness promotion, training and guidanceInternational coordination


Implementation (on going)Implementation (on going)

• Publications in both French and English

• Media release and public notice• Outreach activities with

inspectors and stakeholders• Security awareness during

annual workshops


Next Steps in Implementation of Security Measures for Sources

Next Steps in Implementation of Security Measures for Sources

Work closely with licensees (Industry)

Implementation Strategy – Licence Condition - Timing

Sharing of Best practices (domestically and internationally)


Holistic approach to radioactive source securityHolistic approach to radioactive source security

Effective Legislative

framework and regulatory

System

Detecting Illicit traffiking

Sharing of Information

(ITDB)

Searching for Missing sources/

recovery of orphan sources

Define domestic

threats and protection of

sensitive information

Establish National

Registry of Radioative

Source (min cat 1 and 2)

Effective Import and Export Controls

Work with suppliers on the design,

recycling, and management

disused sources

Physical security

protection & security

Management

Promoting safety culture & security culture

awareness

Training Emergency

First responders

Radioactive Source

Security


Sealed Source Registration and TrackingSealed Source Registration and Tracking

•National Sealed Source Registry (Category 1 to 5)

•Tracking high risk sources with Sealed Source Tracking System (Category 1 and 2)

•Licensee inventory control and verification by CNSC inspectors and licensing staff


Regaining Regulatory Control of Lost, Stolen and Orphan SourcesRegaining Regulatory Control of Lost, Stolen and Orphan Sources

The CNSC has enhanced its regulatory oversight program for the safe and secure handling of orphan sources

The program includes:

– Promotion & Communication

– Prevention

– Response and Recovery


Regaining Regulatory Control of Lost, Stolen and Orphan SourcesRegaining Regulatory Control of Lost, Stolen and Orphan Sources

• Outreach to metal recycling facilities and steel producers

• Improved communication (e.g. poster & pamphlets) directed at users of portal monitors

• To make stakeholders more aware of potential events that they may encounter


Import and Export of Radioactive Sources


• Establishing effective import and export controls is the first line of defense in ensuring that only authorized recipients receive radioactive sources

• Requires coordination and cooperation between the importing and exporting states




• To further ensure that imports and exports of radioactive sources are conducted in a manner consistent with the Code and Guidance, the CNSC continues to establish bilateral arrangements with its foreign regulatory counterparts

• To date, the CNSC has established 12 such arrangements

• Arrangements further contribute to ensure that the export and import of radioactive sources are done safely and securely


Incident and Trafficking DatabaseIncident and Trafficking Database

• Canada has agreed to participate in the IAEA Incident and Trafficking Database (ITDB)

• The ITDB system reposits information on incidents involving illicit trafficking and other related unauthorized activities involving nuclear and other radioactive materials

• The Nuclear Security Division of the CNSC is the designated point-of-contact (POC) for the ITDB for Canada.


Emergency Response & TrainingEmergency Response & Training

• Training emergency first responders

• Conducting and evaluating joint drills and exercises

• Providing support, guidance and expertise in emergency management

• Hosted “RADEX 2012” with the GICNT


Detection illicit TraffickingDetection illicit Trafficking

• Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) Radiation detection equipment adds another layer of security at marine ports to screen containers

• Customs and border agents are vital in the detection of smuggled nuclear material


QuestionsQuestions

Karen [email protected]

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