Nuclear Techniques in Material Sciences: The Ion Beam Laboratory Coordinator: Eduardo Alves Mission:...

Nuclear Techniques in Material Sciences:The Ion Beam Laboratory

Coordinator: Eduardo Alves

Mission:

National facility to provide the Scientific and Industrial

communities with unique ion beam processes for material

characterization and modification.

Strategy:Continue and expand expertise into new areas with particular emphasis on:

• Development of new materials for optoelectronic and magneto-optic applications;• Nanotechonologies and Advanced materials;• Biomedical and Health applications;• Environmental applications;• Art and Archaeometry;• Geosciences. E. Alves, NuPECC Meeting (Lisbon 2004)

Where we are.....

E. Alves, NuPECC Meeting (Lisbon 2004)

The Site


2.5 MV Van de Graaff

PIXE/NRA

RBS-CERDA

IONImplantation

-probe

The Laboratory


The Groups (ITN/CFNUL)

External Users

Materials Science

Applications

Nuclear MicroProbe Applications

Materials, Art and

Arqueometry Luís C. Alves

Rui C. SilvaMárcia Vilarigues

(PhD Student)

Health and BiologyTeresa PinheiroPatrícia Napoleão (PhD student)Carlos Monteiro (PhD student)Ana Veríssimo (Fellowship)Micaela Amim (MsC student)Inês Batista (Lic. student)

Eduardo AlvesRui Coelho da Silva

Luís C. AlvesNuno Barradas(20%)

Ana Rita Ramos(20%)Katharina Lorenz (Post

Doc)Vitória Corregidor (Post

Doc)Joana V. Pinto (PhD

student)Carlos Marques (PhD

student)Elisabete Rita (PhD

student)Alexandra Fonseca (PhD

Student)Users and Collaborators

Mark BreeseCarl McHargue

Manuel Ribeiro da SilvaLuís RedondoAndreas Kling

João Guilherme CorreiaUli Whal (Postdoc)

Experimental Nuclear Reactions

Adelaide de Jesus (Fac. of Sci. and Tech.)

João Pires Ribeiro( Faculty of Sciences)

João Cruz (PhD student)Bruno Braizinha (PhD student)

Elemental SpeciationMiguel Reis

Paula Cristina (PhD Student)

Technical staff J. Rocha F. Baptista R. Pinheiro P. Pereira

CollaboratorsMaria Cristina Santos (FC-UL)Ana Viegas-Crespo (FC-UL)Paulo Filipe (FM-UL)J. Silva FM-UL (PhD student)Raquel Silva (FM-UL)Bugalho de Almeida (FM-UL)

Max.

Min.

2640

µm

Max.

Min.SiSEI

Materials for Fusion reactors

Art

Nuclear Microprobe

Human pathologies (metabolism)Skin permeability

Impurity content & chemical compatibility

Stained glass & paint structure

Mineralogy

Elemental zonation

Biomedicine

Photo

V Fe

Ti

Max.

Min.

Fe

Pb Zn

Photo


Cell resolution capabilities

Modification of electronic, optical, electrical, magnetic properties– defects, dopant levels, structure

Metals and alloys

Direct compound formation – surface alloying– corrosion & tribology

Oxides and semiconductors

IBAIon Beam Analysis

characterization

Lattice Site locationIon

Implantation

New Materials

Number and individual composition,thickness and extent of intermixing

Quantum dots and multilayers

300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10000.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0g(HL)8Ha multilayer coating

E = 2.5 MeV

coun

ts (/

103 )

channel number

H L H L H L H L H L H L H L H L H0

100

200

300

400

thic

knes

s (n

m)

layer type

400 500 600 700 800 9000.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

abso

rptio

n (a

.u.)

wavelength (nm)

GaN

<0001>

<1011>

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

<0001>

Ga Er

norm

aliz

ed y

ield

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

Ga N

angle(deg.)

<1011>

norm

aliz

ed y

ield

Materials Science

Human Health and Biomedical StudiesAlteration of plasma Se concentration and oxidation markers

in COPD patients

Skin Fe correlates with plasma Fe content in heamochromatosis patients

200 400 600 800 1000120014001.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

0 200 400 600 800 1000120014001.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

Pla

sma

Fe

(g

/ml)

Epidermal Fe (g/g dw)

Regression and 95% confidence limits[Plasma Fe] = 1.6 + 0.002 x [Epidermal Fe]; r=0.91, p<0.03

min max

scep FeSTIM

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

Pro

tein

Ca

rbo

ny

ls (

nm

ol/

mg

)

Controls PatientsSmokersEx-smokers

P<0.01

P<0.01

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

P<0.01

P<0.05

Se

(m

g/L

)

Controls PatientsSmokersEx-smokers


• Environmental applications– Aerosol samples

– Biomonitoring samples

– Uptake modelling

• Fundamental development– a quest for PIXE based speciation

Elemental Characterization and Speciation

1.5 1.8 2.1 2.40.50

0.75

1.00

1.25

1.50

1.5 1.8 2.1 2.40.60.81.01.21.4

L1-M

2 9.525 keV

L4

no Al-foil

L4

av. with Al-foil

L4

teo

Linear Fit

Lin

e rat

io

W

H+ - Energy (MeV)

1.5 1.8 2.1 2.40.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

1.5 1.8 2.1 2.40.60.81.01.21.4

Lin

e rat

io (%

)

L1-N5 11.856 keV

L11

no Al-foil

L11

av. with Al foil

Linear Fit

W

H+ - Energy (MeV)

Satellite data for the 29th of February 2000. Courtesy of SeaWiFS Project NASA/GSFC and ORBIMAGE


Art and Archaeometry

SiO2

Na+

K+

Ca2+

H+

H2

O

H3

O+

0 1 2 3 45,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

tempo

pH

Linear!

ERD

H incorporation ion exchangeCa

Ca

Si

-PIXE

Elemental distribution structural change, ion exchange

Ex.: corrosion in medieval K-rich stained-glass compositions

Techniques, provenance, authenticity…Strategies for conservation and restauration (remediation, recovery)…

Mechanisms…

Decomposition by water …

Dissolution of glass network …

Reactions with CO2 , SO2, …


Mineralogy and Geosciences

Max.Min.100 µm

SbS Cu Ag

µPIXE elemental distribution

Ilm

A-Sp

Ilm

A-Sp

Ilm

A-Sp

A

VTiFe

PhotoTrace element distribution – Vanadium

Elemental Zonation - Ag


- Charge collection efficiency map- Crystallite size and crystallite boundary role

IBIC - Ion Beam Induced Charge

IBIL - Ion Beam Induced Luminescence

- Charged beam creates electron-hole pairs- The sample is also the detector

- radiative recombination of charge carriers- use of a photomultiplier (panchromatic mode)

Charge collection efficiency in polycrystalline diamond detectors

Detector - SEM image

M a x .

M in .

SEM IBIC

Co-planar electrode structure

IBIL

IBIC

- There are no grains with both high IBIC and IBIL signals- “dead” zones are observed - non radiative recombination


Support Activities

• Software development for IBA analyses (N.P. Barradas, NIM B217(2004)479)- Double scattering- Roughness, voids, inclusions- Sharp resonance convolution- Efficient Bayesian inference

Non-Rutherford Cross-Section

Measurements (A.R. Ramos, NIM B190(2002)95)

Technical Developments: Furnaces, Electronics....

500 1000 1500 2000 25000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Rat

io T

o R

uthe

rfor

d

Energy (keV)

Measured x-section for =178º Calculated (Gurbich, NIM B136-138 (1998))


Si(100)/Al2O3 500nm/(CoFeB 2 nm/Al2O3 0.9 nm)×4/Ta 2nm

Output: (2003/2004)

Publications

JournalsPublished:

59Submitted:

48

Collaborations

Projects

NationalAccepted: 13Submitted: 10

InternationalAccepted: 7Submitted: 1

National: 18

International: 11

Invited: 4

Oral: 11 Posters: 39

ThesesPhD: 2MSc: 2Lic.:3

Conferences and Workshops


That’s all

thanks for your attention


Nuclear Techniques in Material Sciences: The Ion Beam Laboratory Coordinator: Eduardo Alves Mission:...

Documents

Transcript of Nuclear Techniques in Material Sciences: The Ion Beam Laboratory Coordinator: Eduardo Alves Mission:...