Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Reactions.
-
Upload
maximillian-reeves -
Category
Documents
-
view
256 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Reactions.
Nuclear Reactions
Nuclear Reactions
Do Now1.What is the ratio range necessary
for an atom to be stable?
2.What ratio is needed for atoms with small atomic numbers to be stable?
3.If an element had 65 protons, how many neutrons would be a good number for it to have in order to be stable?
Nuclear ReactionsEssential Questions: How do nuclear reactions help to stabilize an atom’s nucleus?
Nuclear Reactions
• A nuclear reaction is a reaction that changes the amount of particles in the nucleus of an atom.
What is a nuclear reaction?
Nuclear Reactions
• These reactions happen spontaneously as unstable nuclei release either protons, neutrons or both in an attempt to become stable.
These nuclear reactions happen spontaneously.
Why?
Nuclear Reactions
During this process, the nuclei give off large amounts of energy and are able to increase their stability.
What happens as a result of the nucleus releasing nucleons (protons and neutrons)?
Stop and Think1)Why would a nuclei be unstable?2)Explain why a nuclear reaction would happen
spontaneously?3)What are the end results of a spontaneous nuclear
reaction?
Nuclear ReactionsWhat is the difference between a nuclear reaction and a chemical reaction?• Chemical reactions involve an atom’s
electrons• Nuclear reactions involve the atom’s
nucleus. Chemical reaction
Nuclear reaction
Writing a Nuclear Reaction Equation
In order to write an equation for a nuclear reaction, we must first remember some basic rules. Each of the elements involved in the reaction is identified by the chemical or nuclear symbol.The number at the upper right is theMass number
The number in the lower right is the
Atomic number
Stop and Think1.Give two reasons why the mass number is so important.
2.What information can be found from the atomic number?
3.How do both numbers help to determine the stability of an atom?
Symbols Used in Nuclear Reactions
The symbol for an alpha particle =
The symbol for a beta particle is The symbol for a positron (positive beta particle) is
The chemical symbol for a neutron =
Balancing Nuclear Reactions• When a nuclear reaction
occurs, the total number of atomic numbers, and the total number of mass numbers must be equal on both sides of the equation
TransmutationNotice that when the atomic number changes, the identity of the element changes. This is called transmutation which is a change in the identity of a nucleus as a result of a change in the number of protons.
Stop and Think1.Why must the total number of mass numbers and atomic numbers
be the same on both sides of a nuclear equation?
2.How can you identify the new product created as a result of a nuclear reaction?
Balancing Nuclear reaction Practice