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Nuclear power plant

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Nuclear power plant

Definition

Operating principle of nuclear power plant

Component of power plant

Advantages

Disadvantages

Comparison

Examples

Nuclear power plant

Definition

NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IS A THERMAL POWER STATION IN WHICH THE HEAT

SOURCE IS A NUCLEAR REACTOR.

Operating principle of nuclear power

plant

A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IS A FACILITY AT WHICH ENERGY

RELEASED BY THE FISSION OF ATOMS IS CONVERTED TO

ELECTRICAL ENERGY UNDER STRICTLY REGULATED

OPERATING CONDITIONS.

Component of power plant

# HEAT SOURCE

#TURBINE/GENERATOR

#CONDENSER

#PUMP

#COLLING WATER

#COOLING TOWER

TURBINE/GENERATOR: USES THE ENERGY OF THE STEAM TO TURN A TURBINE/GENERATOR THAT PRODUCES ELECTRICITY.

CONDENSER: CONDENSES THE STEAM BACK TO WATER SO THAT IT CAN BE RETURNED TO THE HEAT SOURCE TO BE HEATED AGAIN.

PUMP: PROVIDES THE FORCE TO CIRCULATE THE WATER THROUGH THE SYSTEM.

Heat source: Provides heat to generate steam

Cooling water

THIS COOL SURFACE IS PROVIDED BY

COOLING WATER PUMPED FROM A

NEARBY WATER SUPPLY SUCH AS A

RIVER, LAKE OR OCEAN.

Cooling Towers

The water used to cool the condenser is slightly warmer

after use.

cooling tower is sometimes used to prevent a harmful

temperature rise in the water supply.

A cooling tower is a large heat exchanger. This heat is

carried up the stack and is visible as water vapor.

Cooling towers are used at many large nuclear as well

as non-nuclear power plants.

ADVANTAGES

Geographical limitations - nuclear power plants don't require a lot of

space.

Nuclear power stations do not contribute to carbon emissions. Therefore does not contribute to global warming.

Nuclear power stations do not produce smoke particles to pollute

the atmosphere or emit gases that contribute to acid rain

Nuclear power is reliable. It does not depend on the weather.

DISADVANTAGES

Disposal of nuclear waste is very expensive. As it is radioactive it has

to be disposed of in such a way as it will not pollute the environ

Decommissioning of nuclear power stations is expensive and takes a long time.

Nuclear accidents can spread 'radiation producing particles' over a

wide area, This radiation harms the cells of the body which can

make humans sick or even cause death.

Comparison

Nuclear Power plant

Do not required large space.

Fuel is expensive so Requires

larger capital cost .

Do not depend on weather.

Limited to water surface

Setup is very costly and

decommission is almost impossible.

Produce electrical power

continuously .

Wind Turbine

Required large space.

Wind is free so it’s capital cost is

not so high as compeered to

Nuclear power plant.

Highly climate dependent.

Limited to windy areas.

Easy to setup easy to move.

Power generation depend on

wind

Examples

Country

In operation Under construction

Number Electr. net

output(MW)

Number Electr. net

output(MW)

USA 100 99,081 5 5,633

France 58 63,130 1 1,630

Japan 48 42,388 2 1.325

Russian

Federation 33 23,643 10 8,382

Korea,

Republic23 20,721 5 6,370

China 22 18,056 27 26,756

India 21 5,308 6 3,907