Nuclear Power. An energy future based on fossil fuels is not sustainable......nuclear power does not...
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Transcript of Nuclear Power. An energy future based on fossil fuels is not sustainable......nuclear power does not...
![Page 1: Nuclear Power. An energy future based on fossil fuels is not sustainable......nuclear power does not contribute to climate change – AND there is enough.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfc61a28abf838ca738c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Nuclear Power
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An energy future based onfossil fuels is not sustainable...
...nuclear power does not contribute to climate change – AND there is
enough nuclear fuel to last around 230 years at current use rates
(with the possibility of infinite supply right around the corner)
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Where in the World...
is nuclear power?
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Accident @ Three Mile Island (3.28.79) puts U.S. nuclear power program on the lowdown!
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http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/nuclear/page/nuc_reactors/operational.xls
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All current nuclear power plants employ the fission of 235U.
The heat/energy produced by this reaction is used to boil water to produce steam which drives a turbine to generate electricity.
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...some of the mass of the starting atom is converted to energy!
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Enrichment and more
• To make nuclear fuel, uranium ore is purified into uranium oxide (UO2)
• Enrichment: separation of 235U from 238U to produce a material containing a particular concentration of 235U
• Continuous Chain Reaction: mix of 4% 235U to 96% 238U allows CCR, but doesn’t support amplification into an explosion...
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Enrichment and more
• Moderator: substance that slows down neutrons so they trigger more fission; water!
• Fuel rods: long metal tubes with enriched UO2 in geometric patterns necessary for fission
• Control rods: neutron-absorbing material inserted/withdrawn as necessary to initiate fission reaction
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Coal vs Nuclear: Fuel
• COAL (3 mil tons)– Strip mining causes
habitat destruction and acid leaching
• NUCLEAR (75K tons)– Much lower impact
from mining– The fission of 1 pound
of uranium releases energy equal to burning 50 tons of coal
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Coal vs Nuclear: CO2
• COAL– Emits 7 mil tons of
CO2 into atmosphere
• NUCLEAR– No CO2
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Coal vs Nuclear: SO2, et al
• COAL– Emits 300 K tons of
SO2, particulates and other pollutants into atmosphere
– Acid rain– Air pollution
• NUCLEAR– No emissions
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Coal vs Nuclear: Radioactivity
• COAL– Due to natural
presence of radioactive compounds in coal, releases 100x more radioactivity than nuclear plant
• NUCLEAR– Assuming
containment, releases low levels of radioactive waste gases
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Coal vs Nuclear: Solid Waste
• COAL– 600 K tons of ash,
requiring land disposal
• NUCLEAR– 250 tons of highly
radioactive wastes, requiring safe storage/disposal
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Coal vs Nuclear: Safety
• COAL– Worker fatalities – Destructive fires
• NUCLEAR– Worker fatalities – Minor to catastrophic
release of radiation, possible widespread radiation sickness, scores of human deaths, untold cancer occurrences, widespread long-lasting environmental contamination
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Let’s not go nuclear...?
• The technology is not trustworthy... accidents will happen and people will die.
• Construction is costly, plants have short operational lifetimes
• Plants are prime targets for terrorist attacks
• NIMBY...where will the waste go?
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Can the problems of radioactive waste and the potential for accidents be
overcome?
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FukushimaReactor 3Rooftop
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