Ntxissacsc5 yellow 6-abusing protocols for dynamic addressing in space-jacenr_kohler

NTXISSA Cyber Security Conference – November 10-11, 2017 @NTXISSA #NTXISSACSC5

[Session Title]

[Presenter]

[Position]

[Institution]

[Date]

NTXISSA.org

NTXISSA.org

NTXISSA.org

NTXISSA.org

About me

•University of North Texas Alum• Class of 2017• Majored in Computer Engineering• Team Leader for Senior Design project for NASA• President of UNT’s Club for Cyber Security• National Cyber League

•Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition

•Goldman Sachs Analyst 2017 NAPA• GS 2016 Summer Analyst (Intern)

#NTTXISSACSC5 Abusing Protocols for Dynamic Addressing in Spaces

32017-Nov-11th

Team IRIS

• Jacen R Kohler

•Tyler Alvarez

•Alex Fatum


42017-Nov-11th

How did I get a NASA Project?

Texas Space Grant Consortium

• Educational wing for NASA in Texas

• Open to all college students in Texas

• Other stated have equivilant programs


52017-Nov-11th

Current Situation

Internet in space uses static IPv4 addresses

Static addressing requires manually assigning addresses

Static addressing is not fault tolerant

duplicates are possible

The constantly varying propagation delays & line interfere with traditional network handshakes


62017-Nov-11th

Current Situation

The current Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) System are merely repeaters and amplifies and have no routing capabilities


72017-Nov-11th

The Problem

The process should be automated

aka… Dynamic Addressing

Just like your phone on a coffee shop’s wifi

A protocol like this already exists

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)


82017-Nov-11th

How to Solve this problem

Simulate a space network, down here on Earth including…

propagation delay

line-of-sight signal blocking

adequate complexity (enough parts to be realistic)

Find a way to implement DHCP in the simulated space network


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102017-Nov-11th

Adequate Complexity•Simulate a space network on earth• 10x Raspberry Pi 3•Mission Control Center•3x TDRS•TDRS5, TDRS7, &TDRS9

•3x Spacecraft• ISS, Hubble, Orion

•3x EVA Suits


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Adequate Complexity


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Adequate Complexity• Pull TLE data from CelesTrak• Two Line Element (TLE)

• 3000 TLE data in the file that gets parsed• Search for orbital element we need• Extract the 6 Keplerian Elements from TLE• 6 Keplerian elements are like an address• Allow us to calculate time based locations• Past, present, or future


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Simulated Space Network•One way link to TDRS in GeoSynchronous orbit takes •Simulation must emulate these delays to be realistic


142017-Nov-11th

Simulated Space Network (cont.)•Delays will be simulated using existing open source tools designed for network testing

• tcconfig

+312.432ms

1494601200

Hold for delay

Epoch time received

Packet Ingress

( distance / speed of light ) + time of insert

+312.437ms

1494601201

+312.443ms

1494601202

+312.449ms

1494601203

+312.452ms

1494601204


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Simulated Space Network (cont.)


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Simulated Space Network (cont.)


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DHCP• Discover

• Spacecraft announces its presence• Offer

• DHCP offers several available addresses

• Request• Spacecraft requests an offered

addresses• Acknowledge

• DHCP assigns requested address•DHCP from Earth takes ~112ms•DHCP from TDRS takes ~56ms

• 50% time savings


182017-Nov-11th

DHCP (cont.)• Offer (predicted)

• DHCP offers only one address• Request

• Spacecraft requests the address offered• Acknowledge (pipelined)

• DHCP pre-empts the acknowledgement•Traditional DHCP takes ~112ms•Pipelined DHCP takes ~28ms

• 75% time savings

• Pipeline DHCP from TDRS takes ~12ms• 87.5% time savings


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202017-Nov-11th

Project Management•Agile methodologies• Iterative Testing

•GitHub•Slack•Additional paperwork•Status Reports• Implementation Plan•Test Plan•Maintenance Plan•User Guide


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Project Management (cont.)


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Adequate Complexity


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Adequate Complexity


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0

50

100

150

1494115200 1494201600 1494288000 1494374400 1494460800 1494547200 1494633600 1494720000

DH

CP

Han

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ak

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tio

n (

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Epoch Time (seconds)

ISS & HST with TDRS5, TDRS7, & TDRS9 from 2017 May 07th to 13th

Traditional DHCP from Earth Pipelined DHCP from TDRS


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Prerequisites

TDRSs must have compute power onboard

To act as DHCP Server

To calculate orbital mechanics

We launch a new one every year or so


262017-Nov-11th

Future Work• GeoCentric to HelioCentric Transform• Allow for mars simulations

• Automation

2017-Nov-11th#NTTXISSACSC5

Abusing Protocols for Dynamic Addressing in Spaces31

NTXISSA Cyber Security Conference – November 10-11, 2017 @NTXISSA #NTXISSACSC5

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Thank you

NTXISSA.org

NTXISSA.org

Ntxissacsc5 yellow 6-abusing protocols for dynamic addressing in space-jacenr_kohler

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