NTO FOR INSENSITIVE COMPOSITIONS...3 NTO FOR INSENTITIVE COMPOSITIONS 2012 Insensitive Munitions &...

NTO FOR INSENSITIVE

COMPOSITIONS

G. ECK, C. SONGY, L. MINGUET

2

NTO FOR INSENTITIVE COMPOSITIONS

• Introduction

• NTO based compositions for pressed application

• NTO based compositions for melt cast application

• Conclusion

2012 Insensitive Munitions & Energetic Materials Technology Symposium May 14-17, 2012

3



INTRODUCTION

CAST CURED COMPOSITIONS

• Intrinsic reduced sensitivity

• Ease of access to complex geometry

• Good mechanical properties

• Wide usable thermal operational range

Reduction of sensitivity

4



INTRODUCTION

CAST CURED COMPOSITIONS

PRESSED COMPOSITIONS MELT CAST COMPOSITIONS

Reduction of sensitivity

Explosive

Composition

Ammunition (Design , venting…)

Packaging

Storage

Source MSIAC


5 2012 Insensitive Munitions & Energetic Materials Technology Symposium May 14-17, 2012

INTRODUCTION

Insensitive Munitions (IM) are to be considered as a whole

• GUDN or FOX 12

• DADNE or FOX 7

6



INTRODUCTION

• TATB

• NTO

Insensitive compositions may be based on :

7


• Introduction



• Conclusion


8



PRESSED APPLICATION Strategy

PRODUCTION OF NTO BASED COMPOSITIONS

FIRST CHARACTERIZATIONS Safety, performance, behaviour towards shock, functional

CHOICE OF A COMPOSITION To be fully characterized

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PRESSED APPLICATION Production of compositions

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

A3 RDX0 RDX20 RDX30 RDX50 RDX65

Binder

RDX

NTO

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PRESSED APPLICATION Performance

DETONATION VELOCITY

CRITICAL DIAMETER

8050

8100

8150

8200

8250

8300

8350

8400

8450

8500

8550

8600

A3 RDX0 RDX20 RDX30 RDX50 RDX65

2.2

Critical diameter (mm)

A3

RDX0

RDX20

RDX30

RDX50

RDX65

> 20

5-7

< 5

< 5

< 5

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PRESSED APPLICATION Behaviour towards shock SSWGT

DETONATING

CORDWITNESS PLATE

PAPER SHEET

ACCEPTOR

CHARGE

WATER

GAP

PLEXIGLAS

TUBE “B”

ELECTRIC

DETONATOR

POLYETHYLENE

SHEET

DONOR

CHARGE

PLEXIGLAS

TUBE “A”

25mm

40 MM

125 MM

≈ 20

SSWGT (mm)

A3

RDX0

RDX20

RDX30

RDX50

RDX65

No go

14

16

18

19

0

5

10

15

20

25

A3 RDX20 RDX30 RDX50 RDX65

mm

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PRESSED APPLICATION Mechanical properties

7.0

Stress (MPa)

A3

RDX20

RDX30

RDX50

RDX65

8.6

7.9

7.3

6.5

6.0

Strain (%)

5.2

6.9

6.6

6.3

The mechanical properties are

comparable

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PRESSED APPLICATION Mechanical properties

Compressibility of RDX20

• Max density : 1.84

• % TMD : 98

1,77

1,78

1,79

1,8

1,81

1,82

1,83

1,84

1,85

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Pressure (Bar)

Den

sit

y

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PRESSED APPLICATION Conclusion

RDX20 = The best compromise between insensitiveness and performance

2.2

Composition A3

Critical diameter (mm)

Detonation velocity (m/s.)

PCJ (GPa)

SSWGT

Stress (MPa) Strain (%)

P16945 = RDX20

8470

29.9

≈ 20

7.0

6.0

5-7

8350

29.7

14

8.6

5.2

EURENCO COMPOSITION P16945

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• Introduction



• Conclusion


16



MELT CAST APPLICATION Introduction

NTO BASED MELT CAST COMPOSITIONS

NON ALUMINIZED COMPOSITIONS

ALUMINIZED COMPOSITIONS

1.654

Density

NTO/TNT 50/50

NTO/TNT 60/40

NTO/TNT 65/35

1.78

1.80

7370

Detonation Velocity (m/s)

7427

7810

1.71

Density

AFX 644

XF 13333 1.754

6820

Detonation Velocity (m/s)

7150

Viscosity problem with high NTO contents

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STANDARD NTO

MELT CAST APPLICATION High quality grade of NTO

• Crystallized NTO : Coarse

• Air milled NTO : Fine

HIGH QUALITY GRADE NTO

• Crystallized according to a controlled crystallization process

• Bulk density and morphology fully controled from the pilot scale to the industrial scale

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MELT CAST APPLICATION High quality grade of NTO BULK DENSITY

870

880

890

900

910

920

930

940

950

960

970

Pilot scale • Average : 934 kg/m3

• Standard deviation : 17

Industrial scale • Average : 935 kg/m3

• Standard deviation : 18

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MELT CAST APPLICATION High quality grade of NTO

MORPHOLOGY

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MELT CAST APPLICATION Use of NTO CF in Ontalite 65/35

5

55

105

155

205

255

305

15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

Fine NTO content (% by weight)

Vis

co

sit

y (

s.)

• Viscosity is very dependant on the ratio between the coarse and fine fraction

• Best ratio Coarse/fine = 65/35

Coarse : NTO CF

Fine NTO : Class 3

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MELT CAST APPLICATION Use of NTO CF in Ontalite 65/35

• If NTO CF is replaced by Standard NTO, the viscosity is more than twice higher

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44

Fine NTO content (% by weight)

Vis

co

sit

y (

s.)

Standard NTO

NTO CF

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MELT CAST APPLICATION Use of NTO CF in aluminized Ontalite

Efflux viscosity measurement on aluminized Ontalite NTO/TNT/Al/Wax : 40/30/20/10

Comparison of results obtained with standard NTO and NTO CF

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Standard NTO NTO CF

0

5

10

15

20

25

Vis

co

sit

y (

s.)

Coarse grade 100%

Coarse/fine 70/30

NTO CF 100%

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Standard NTO NTO CF

0

5

10

15

20

25

Vis

co

sit

y (

s.)

Co

ars

e g

rad

e 1

00

%

Co

ars

e/fi

ne

70

/3

0

NTO CF produced at

Lab scale

Pilot scale

Industrial scale

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MELT CAST APPLICATION Conclusion

EURENCO produces a new high grade of NTO, NTO CF

NTO CF has been proved to be suitable for melt cast application as well as for compositions based on NTO and TNT or compositions based on NTO, TNT and aluminum

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• Introduction



• Conclusion


• High bulk density NTO

• Control morphology of NTO

• Significant improvement of the viscosity of Ontalite

• Suitable as well as for aluminized or non aluminized Ontalites

• Based on NTO, RDX and a binder

• Best compromise between insensitiveness and performance

• Performance equivalent to composition A3

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GENERAL CONCLUSION

PRESSED APPLICATION MELT CAST APPLICATION

COMPOSITION P 16945 NTO CF a new high grade of NTO

O2N

H

C

N

C

NN

H

O

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A special thank for their contribution to :

• C. SONGY and L. MINGUET who coauthored this work

• D. LEGEAY and his team

• S. MOREAU and S. POUDENX for the industrial scale

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