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Transcript of Nri Institute of Reasearch and Technology,
7/29/2019 Nri Institute of Reasearch and Technology,
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NRI INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY
BHOPAL
A presentation on four wheel steering mechanism
Guided by :- submitted by:-
Dr.shiv kumar aslam khan(prof. mechanical department) chetan waaghmare
mechanical 6th sem
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Objectives
•Introduction
•Comparison between 4wheel and 2wheel steering mechanism
•Advantages
•Disadvantages
•Companies using this mechanism
•Future aspects
•Components used
•Conclusion•Refrences
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References1. “Automotive Technology –A System Approach”, Jack
Erjavee.2. “Automotive Suspension and steering System”, Thomas W
Birch.
3. “Automotive Service-Inspection, maintenance, repair ” Tim
Gilles
4. http://www.howstuffworks.com
5. http://trucks.about.com/cs/4ws/a/4wheel_steering.htm
6. http://www.projecttopics.info/Mechanical/Mechanical-Four-
Wheels-Steering.php
7. http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-four-wheel-steering-system-full-report--
6172#ixzz1tn3wSWNO.
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Basic components used
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Introduction
A Four Wheel steering (4WS) System is also known as “Quadra
Steering System”. In this both front as well as rear wheels can be
steered according to speed of the vehicle and space available for turning. Quadra steer is system that gives full size vehicles greater
ease while driving at low speed, and improves stability, handling
and control at higher speed. Through this a vehicle moves by 360’
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Essential concept to drive vehicle
• Any mode of transportation used by people must have some
means of control. For the automobile, two primary control
systems are at the driver's disposal: (1) the steering system,
and (2) the braking system.
•
The steering mechanism converts the driver's rotational inputat the steering wheel into a change in the steering angle of the
vehicle's steering road wheels.
• For a car to turn smoothly, each wheel must follow a different
circle. Since the inside wheel is following a circle with a smaller
radius, it is actually making a tighter turn than the outside
wheel. If you draw a line perpendicular to each wheel, the lines
will intersect at the center point of the turn. The geometry of the
steering linkage makes the inside wheel turn more than the
outside wheel.
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A layout of 4wheel drive
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Comparison between AWD and FWD
Car more efficient and stable on cornering.
Improved steering responsiveness and precision .
High speed straight line stability.
Notable improvement in rapid, easier, safer lane changingmaneuvers.
Smaller turning radius and tight space maneuverability at low
speed.
Relative Wheel Angles and their Control.
Risk of hitting an obstacle is greatly reduced.
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Advantages of 4wd
Easy to take turn
Provides beneficial in parking
Decreases rush
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Disadvantages
High cost
More power is required
Weight is increases due to additional components
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Companies using these mechanisms
Mahindra xuv500
Ferrari ff
Ford fusion
Toyota
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Future aspects
An innovative feature of this steering linkage design is its ability to drive
all four Wheels using a single steering actuator.
Its successful implementation will allow for the development of a four-wheel steered power base with maximum maneuverability
uncompromised static stability, front- and rear wheel tracking, and
optimum obstacle climbing capability.
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Examples
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Examples
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CONCLUSIONS
Thus, the four wheel steering system has got cornering capability,
steering response, straight line stability, lane changing and low speedmaneuverability.
Even though it is advantageous over the convectional two wheel
steering system, four wheel steering is a complex and expensive.
Currently the cost of a vehicle with four wheel steering is more than
that of the convectional two wheel steering of vehicle.
Four wheel steering is growing in popularity and it is likely to come in
more and more new vehicles.
As the system become more common place, the cost of four wheel
steering system will drop down.