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© Copyright 2014 Energy Solutions, Inc.
Inside This Issue
Pricing Outlook .......................................................... 2-3 Bearish/Neutral/Bullish Factors ................................................... 2
Natural Gas Price Outlook: “At a Glance” ............................ 2 Supply/Demand Balance Graph ........................................... 2
Fundamental Pricing Analysis ....................................................... 3 Technical Pricing Analysis ............................................................. 3
NYMEX Pricing Data: Forward Price Curves ........................ 4
Supply/Demand Analysis ............................................ 5-6
Production Data ............................................................................. 5 Consumption Projections ............................................................. 5
Drilling Rig Count ......................................................................... 6 EIA Drilling Productivity Report ................................................. 6
Storage Analysis & Outlook ......................................... 7
Weather Outlook .......................................................... 8
Fact Facts ........................................................................ 9 Economy and Financial Data ........................................................ 9
U.S. Gas Supply and Demand Data ............................................ 9 Commitment of Traders Data .................................................... 9
Industry News ................................................................. 9 FERC Proposes Changes to Gas Day ........................................ 9
ICE to Launch Storage Futures Contract ................................. 9 Rockies Express Looks to Move Gas East to West .............. 9
Historical NYMEX Price Data ..................................... 10
NYMEX Price Data ................................................ 11-13 NYMEX Pricing Strip Data ........................................................ 11
NYMEX Pricing Data: Highs and Lows ................................. 12 Recent NYMEX Gas Futures Pricing ...................................... 13
March 2014
Volume 18, Issue 3
Reference Links
Industry Glossary Unit Conversions
NYMEX Expiration Prices
Now available …
Laminated 2014-2015
NYMEX Expiration
Calendars
What to Watch for in
Upcoming Issues …
An in-depth look at natural gas
storage inventories. Are the fears
over refilling storage warranted or is
the need for storage changing because
of onshore-shale production growth?
Will this winter change how the na-
tion views the utilization of storage?
A closer look at shale gas produc-
tion. How much growth is really ex-
pected? Are fields being depleted, and
if so, are there new ones to take their
place?
Understanding pipeline basis. The
cost of pipeline transportation, also
referred to as “basis” has risen dra-
matically in the Midwest and the
Northeast over the past 90 days.
How can buyers protect against basis
price moves? Is this is an anomaly or a
new trend?
January production figures. How
will well freeze-offs impact production
data?
Click Here to Request
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March 2014 Page 2_
Pricing Outlook: “At a Glance”
Bearish Factors
Cooler temperatures this spring could help storage
injections begin at a faster-than-average pace.
Analysts expect production gains of 2 Bcf/day to 3
Bcf/day in 2014. Plus, 1.4 Bcf/day of pipeline infra-
structure was added in November, and 1.2 Bcf/day of
processing capacity should be on-line by the end of
April.
The potential for El Niño conditions means lower-
than-average hurricane activity.
The top 34 independent producers have 51% of their
production hedged for 2014.
Nuclear refueling outages should be less than last
year.
Bullish Factors
The potential for an El Niño develop-
ment in July or August could mean
hotter temperatures in the fall.
The nation needs to inject on average
3.8 Bcf/day more gas each week than
last year to reach last year’s storage
inventory levels on November 1.
This will be a challenge if summer
temperatures are hotter than normal.
Hydro power availability in Califor-
nia and the Northwest is less than last
year at this time.
Neutral Factors
There are limited
financial arbitrage
opportunities for
storage as the
price of natural
gas for December
2014 is just $.20
per MMBtu
higher than May
2014.
Summer weather
is still an un-
known.
Natural Gas
Pricing Outlook
Some analysts believe refilling stor-
age to last year’s levels will not be a
problem, but others disagree. The fact
is … it is just too soon to determine how
this summer is going to unfold. If coal
prices are lower than natural gas prices,
a higher level of coal-fired electric gen-
eration will free up natural gas for injec-
tion into storage. If nuclear refueling
outages are minimal, that too will free
up natural gas for injection into storage.
However, the biggest caveat remains
summer temperatures. Hotter weather
prompts air conditioning demand, and
that demand is typically met through the
use of natural gas-fired electric genera-
tion. Initial weather forecasts call for
above-normal temperatures in the south-
ern part of the nation. There is no dis-
puting that production levels are up
from last year, and infrastructure im-
provements should increase supply
availability. However, producers know
refilling storage isn’t going to be an
easy task. As a result, the market is ex-
pected to more quickly embrace market
data that supports an upward price move
than a downward price move.
Click Here
to view “Actions to Consider” in the March 26, 2014, Weekly Edition.
The above graph illustrates the supply/demand balance. With colder
weather over the past 90 days, consumption has dramatically exceeded
supply levels. During these periods, storage inventories are relied upon
to supplement existing supply.
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March 2014 Page 3_
Pricing Analysis: Fundamentals & Technicals
Fundamental Pricing Analysis
Definition of fundamental analysis
The fact that storage inventories are at ten-year lows is al-
ready built into pricing. So, the question now is what is going
to cause prices to move higher or lower. April is considered a
shoulder season, which means there should be little need for
natural gas for heating or cooling needs. Any gas production
shut-in due to well freeze-offs should return to the market, and
analysts estimate that domestic production will climb by 2 to 3
Bcf/day over the course of 2014, primarily because of ongoing
growth in the Utica and Marcellus shale basins. In addition,
there has been 1.4 Bcf/day of new pipeline expansions that
went into service last November and 1.2 Bcf/day of processing
capacity that should be in-service by the end of April. These
additions will assist in getting more shale supplies to the mar-
ketplace as wells that were previously drilled can now be
brought into service because of proper infrastructure.
So, from a supply side, the market is in relatively good
shape. The unknown really comes from the demand side.
Spring is a good time to gauge supply availability, as there is
little demand for natural gas. The primary factor impacting
demand in the spring is the number of nuclear power plants
taken off-line for refueling and maintenance. When nuclear
power is off-line, the replacement is natural gas-fired electric
generation.
In the end it is going to boil down to Mother Nature. There
are early forecasts of an El Niño development in July or Au-
gust, which depending on the severity can correlate to above-
average temperatures. If you get several days of 90-plus de-
grees, then natural gas is going to be directed to the electric
power sector for cooling needs. In turn, this will create con-
cern over refilling storage, and prices will move higher. On
the other hand, an El Niño development in the late fall could
result in a warmer-than-normal start to winter, which would no
doubt be welcomed as a way to allow storage inventories to
continue to build into the month of November.
There are just too many unknowns relating to how fast stor-
age inventories will refill and to what level they will refill to
by November 1, 2014, to try and determine where natural gas
prices will trade this summer. The ability to refill storage to
adequate levels exists and so long as that perception isn’t de-
railed, natural gas prices should trade in a tight trading range,
likely bouncing back and forth between $4-$5 per MMBtu.
Technical Pricing
Analysis
Definition of technical analysis
Most technical signals are neutral
right now, providing little insight into
price direction. The Relative Strength
Index (RSI) is a technical momentum
indicator that compares the magni-
tude of recent gains to recent losses
in an attempt to determine over-
bought and oversold conditions of an
asset. An asset is deemed to be over-
bought once the RSI approaches the
70 level, meaning that it may be get-
ting overvalued and is a good candi-
date for a pullback. Likewise, if the
RSI approaches 30, it is an indication
that the asset may be getting oversold
and therefore likely to become under-
valued. A reading between 30 and 70
provides little insight into price direc-
tion, and right now the RSI is at
51.96. While this is just one techni-
cal signal, it is one that is typically
quite accurate.
At this time, the market has been
trending lower even in the face of a
lot of unknowns. Plus, price volatil-
ity has declined substantially, and
that is illustrated on page 12 in the
Highs and Lows Chart. A price de-
cline to $4.35 per MMBtu in the May
2014 natural gas NYMEX contract
opens the door to test $4.25 per
MMBtu and then $4.15 per MMBtu.
Conversely, a price move back to-
ward $4.50 per MMBtu, opens the
door to test $4.75 per MMBtu.
Which way prices move will likely
be linked directly to the next two
weekly storage reports.
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March 2014 Page 4_
NYMEX Pricing Data: Forward Price Curves
This graph illustrates the daily settlement of forward natural gas NYMEX contract settlements yesterday (data pro-
vided below), and how forward natural gas NYMEX prices from yesterday compare to where those contract months
were trading 1-, 2-, and 3-years ago. Short-term, for 2014, natural gas prices have rebounded because of a lingering
winter and below-average storage inventories. The forward price curve provides insight into how the natural gas
market perceives the balance of supply and demand. However, based on the forward price curve, it appears that the
market still considers the current situation a short-term event, that will resolved within the next year.
Jan-15 $4.780 Jan-16 $4.411 Jan-17 $4.473 Jan-18 $4.566
Feb-15 $4.733 Feb-16 $4.383 Feb-17 $4.448 Feb-18 $4.537
Mar-15 $4.620 Mar-16 $4.321 Mar-17 $4.386 Mar-18 $4.472
Apr-15 $4.117 Apr-16 $4.051 Apr-17 $4.111 Apr-18 $4.197
May-14 $4.485 May-15 $4.074 May-16 $4.056 May-17 $4.120 May-18 $4.211
Jun-14 $4.519 Jun-15 $4.090 Jun-16 $4.072 Jun-17 $4.141 Jun-18 $4.234
Jul-14 $4.558 Jul-15 $4.119 Jul-16 $4.091 Jul-17 $4.165 Jul-18 $4.262
Aug-14 $4.556 Aug-15 $4.113 Aug-16 $4.099 Aug-17 $4.178 Aug-18 $4.277
Sep-14 $4.531 Sep-15 $4.083 Sep-16 $4.091 Sep-17 $4.172 Sep-18 $4.280
Oct-14 $4.543 Oct-15 $4.101 Oct-16 $4.111 Oct-17 $4.196 Oct-18 $4.305
Nov-14 $4.589 Nov-15 $4.139 Nov-16 $4.176 Nov-17 $4.277 Nov-18 $4.400
Dec-14 $4.700 Dec-15 $4.279 Dec-16 $4.336 Dec-17 $4.446 Dec-18 $4.580
Forward Natural Gas NYMEX Settlement Prices on 3/28/14
$3.0000
$3.5000
$4.0000
$4.5000
$5.0000
$5.5000
$6.0000
$6.5000
$7.0000
$7.5000
$8.0000
May
-14
No
v-1
4
May
-15
No
v-1
5
May
-16
No
v-1
6
May
-17
No
v-1
7
May
-18
No
v-1
8
May
-19
No
v-1
9
May
-20
No
v-2
0
May
-21
No
v-2
1
May
-22
No
v-2
2
May
-23
No
v-2
3
May
-24
No
v-2
4
May
-25
No
v-2
5
May
-26
No
v-2
6
Pe
r M
MB
tu
Forward Natural Gas NYMEX Prices: Four-Year Comparison
3/28/20143/28/20133/28/20123/28/2011
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March 2014 Page 5_ Republished from 3/12/14 Weekly Edition
Supply and Demand Analysis and Outlook
Production Data
through
December 2013 (Issued 2/28/14)
The most recent
monthly production
data from the Energy
Information Admini-
stration (EIA) shows
production levels in the
Lower-48 states de-
clined slightly to 74.80
Bcf/day. The decline
was caused primarily
by the colder weather,
which prompted equip-
ment failures and well
freeze-offs. Weather-
related issues continued
into January, so a major
production rebound
next month is not an-
ticipated.
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Ju
l-0
6O
ct-
06
Ja
n-0
7A
pr-
07
Ju
l-0
7O
ct-
07
Ja
n-0
8A
pr-
08
Ju
l-0
8O
ct-
08
Ja
n-0
9A
pr-
09
Ju
l-0
9O
ct-
09
Ja
n-1
0A
pr-
10
Ju
l-1
0O
ct-
10
Ja
n-1
1A
pr-
11
Ju
l-1
1O
ct-
11
Ja
n-1
2A
pr-
12
Ju
l-1
2O
ct-
12
Ja
n-1
3A
pr-
13
Ju
l-1
3O
ct-
13
Ja
n-1
4
Bc
f/d
ay
U.S. and Lower 48 States Natural Gas Gross Production
U.S. Total Lower 48 Linear (Lower 48)
Consumption
Projections:
As of 3/11/14
According to the most
recent Energy Information
Administration Short-
Term Energy Outlook,
natural gas consumption
in 2014 is expected to
average 71.3 Bcf/day,
which is actually a drop of
0.1 Bcf/day from 2013.
Increased consumption
from the commercial and
residential sectors due to
higher heating demands in
the first quarter are ex-
pected to be offset by
lower demand from the
electric power sector.
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2012 2013 2014 2015
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
U.S. Natural Gas Consumptionbillion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d)
Electric power (right axis)
Residential and comm. (right axis)
Industrial (right axis)
annual change (Bcf/d)
Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, March 2014.
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March 2014 Page 6_
Supply and Demand Analysis and Outlook
Rig Count:
As of 3/28/14
According to
Baker Hughes, the
active natural gas
drilling rig count
fell by 8 rigs for
the week ending
March 28, 2014.
The current active
natural gas drilling
rig count is 318
rigs. Despite a
rebound in prices
from last year, the
active natural gas
drilling rig count
remains at its low-
est level since July
1987.
Energy Information Administration Drilling Productivity Report
In its March 10, 2014, Drilling Productivity Report, the Energy Information Administration highlights pro-
jected year-over-year changes for February for six major gas and oil-production shale basins — Bakken, Ea-
gle Ford, Haynesville, Marcellus, Niobrara, and Permian. Of those six basins, the Marcellus shale basin con-
tinues to show the largest year-over-year gains for natural gas.
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1/3
1/1
71/3
12/1
42/2
83/1
43/2
84/1
14/2
55/9
5/2
36/6
6/2
07/4
7/1
88/1
8/1
58/2
99/1
29/2
610/1
010/2
411/7
11/2
112/5
12/1
9
U.S. Natural Gas Drilling Rig CountPer Baker Hughes
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
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March 2014 Page 7_
Storage Projections (in Bcf)
Injection season ends: 10/31/2014 Number of weeks remaining in the injection season: 31 ESI’s estimate of storage inventories on 10/31/14: 3,117 Bcf To reach this estimate, storage injections must equal: +73 Bcf per Week If injections are equal to the 2013 weekly average of: +69 Bcf per Week Then storage inventories on 10/31/14 will be: 2,973 Bcf If injections are equal to the 5-year average of: +65 Bcf per Week Then storage inventories on 10/31/14 will be: 2,848 Bcf ESI estimates that by 03/31/14, storage inventories will be: 846 Bcf
ESI estimates that by 10/31/14, storage inventories will be: 3,117 Bcf
Weekly Storage Comparison (in Bcf) Week Ending This Year Last Year March 21 - 57 Withdrawal - 90 Withdrawal March 14 - 48 Withdrawal - 74 Withdrawal March 7 -195 Withdrawal -145 Withdrawal February 28 -152 Withdrawal -149 Withdrawal
Year-on-Year Comparison (in Bcf) (for week ending 3/21/14)
2014 Inventories 896 Bcf 2013 Difference - 899 Bcf Deficit (Inventories were 1,795) 5-Yr. Avg. Difference - 926 Bcf Deficit (Inventories were 1,822)
Projected Price Impact: There is a lot
of gas that needs to be redirected to stor-
age this summer. Therefore, storage in-
ventories will be a focal point for prices
over the next several months, and any
major price relief isn’t expected until the
nation is certain of the injection pace.
Storage Analysis and Outlook
Storage Outlook
Analysts expect another storage with-
drawal for the week ending March 28, 2014,
that will cause storage inventories to fall to
850 Bcf by the end of March, a ten-year
low. U.S. production levels this year are
projected to be 2 Bcf/day to 2.5 Bcf/day
higher than last year, but even that isn’t
enough to bring storage inventories back to
last year’s levels. Last summer, the nation
injected 2,127 Bcf into storage to take stor-
age inventories to 3,814 Bcf by early No-
vember. To reach the same level this year,
the nation would need to inject another 3.8
Bcf/day each week. This is no small feat,
but it is achievable if summer weather is not
above normal.
This graph on the left
reflects just how
quickly natural gas stor-
age inventories have
been drawn down this
past winter. According
to the Energy Informa-
tion Administration
(EIA), current invento-
ries are well below the
historical five-year
minimum level, and the
blue line, which repre-
sents the current storage
inventory level is ex-
pected to approach the
850 Bcf level by the
end of March.
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March 2014 Page 8_
Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Forecasts
The following weather maps reflect the weather forecasts for the next 7 months.
Weather Map Color Code
Blue Colors (B): Below normal temperatures
Orange/Red Colors (A): Above normal temperatures
No Color (N): Normal Temperatures
No Color (EC): Equal chance of above normal or below normal
NOTE: Temperature extremes go from lighter (slight variance) to darker (extreme variance).
Monthly Outlook: April 2014
Summer Outlook: Jul-Sep 2014
Issued 3/20/14
3-Month Outlook: May-July 2014
Issued 3/20/14
Issued 3/20/14
Projected Price Impact: Spring and early summer
weather forecasts are supportive for natural gas prices.
That doesn’t necessarily mean that weather forecasts are
going to push natural gas prices back to the upper-$4s.
But, it does mean that weather forecasts will make it more
challenging for natural gas prices to fall to the low-$4s.
Temperature Outlook
According to Weather Services International (WSI), cooler
temperature patterns are expected to continue into April for
Montana, the Dakotas, the Midwest and the Northeast. The
storage injection season typically begins on April 1, but de-
pending on the extent of the cold in the Midwest and the
Northeast, it is possible that withdrawals could continue into
the first week of April.
However, WSI says the Northeast can expect to see
warmer than normal temperatures beginning in May, but the
Great Lakes and the Southeast may continue to see below
normal temperatures. The weather service also expects June
to bring above normal temperatures nationwide, with the ex-
ception of the North Central region, Florida, Colorado and
New Mexico.
The initial spring weather forecast is supportive for natural
gas prices. The lingering cooler temperatures could delay the
start of the storage injection season. Then, a warmer start to
the summer could correlate to an increased emphasis on the
use of natural gas-fired electric generation to meet cooling
needs. The good news there, however, is that the nuclear
power industry is expected to have a record year with less
downtime for refueling. Fewer refueling means a higher
availability of nuclear power, which could displace anywhere
from 600,000 Mcf/day to 1.3 Bcf/day of natural gas-fired
electric generation. Less emphasis on natural gas-fired elec-
tric generation makes it easier for the nation to refill storage
inventories at a faster pace.
Looking ahead to the hurricane season, an early forecast
from ImpactWeather expects the 2014 Atlantic-basin hurri-
cane season to be less active than normal, primarily because
of the potential for an El Niño development in July or August
2014. ImpactWeather is predicting ten tropical named
storms, including four hurricanes, of which only one will
reach major strength (Category 3 or above).
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March 2014 Page 9_
Fast Facts and Industry News
FERC Proposes Changes to Gas
Day. In seeking to better coordinate
the nation’s natural gas pipeline grid
and electricity grids, the Federal En-
ergy Regulatory Commission
(FERC) has proposed to change the
start of the gas day from 9:00 a.m.
CST to 4:00 a.m. CST. The idea
behind the time change is that it
would better capture how both elec-
tric generators and the pipeline in-
dustry gears up to start a day. At
this point, the proposal is simply
part of a Notice of Proposed Rule-
making (NOPR), and marks the start
of six-month comment period.
ICE to Launch Storage Futures
Contract. The IntercontinentalEx-
change (ICE) has launched a futures
contract based off the change in the
Energy Information Administra-
tion’s (EIA) natural gas storage re-
port. ICE says the futures contract
will give the market better insight
into storage report expectations, but
that remains to be seen. The futures
contract will expire at 10:28 a.m.
EST, two minutes before the release
of the official storage report.
Rockies Express Looks to Move
Gas East to West. The Rockies
Express Pipeline (REX) is holding a
non-binding open season to gauge
interest in moving 2.5 Bcf/day of
gas out of the Marcellus and Utica
shale basins to markets in Ohio,
Indiana, and Illinois. Massive shale
growth in the Appalachians has re-
moved much of the rationale behind
the REX, and as such, this proposal
is a reverse-flow of gas on REX.
Economy and Financial Data
02/14 01/14 Change
ISM (Institute for Supply Management)
A reading above 50% indicates that the
manufacturing economy is generally
expanding; below 50% indicates that it is
generally contracting.
53.2%
51.3%
+1.9%
Non-farm Payrolls (in thousands) +137,699 +137,524 +175
Unemployment 6.7% 6.6% +0.1%
03/14 02/14 Change
Consumer Confidence (in points) 82.3 78.3 +4.0
U.S. Supply and Demand Data (per EIA and Baker Hughes)
12/13 01/14 Change
Lower-48 Production (Bcf/day) 74.80 75.97 -1.17
2014 2013 Difference
Demand (Bcf/day) 71.26 71.33 -.07
Current 1 Year Ago Difference
Storage Inventories (as of 3/21/14)
896 Bcf 1,795 Bcf -899 Bcf
Natural Gas Drilling Rig Count (as of 3/28/14)
318 Rigs 389 Rigs -71 Rigs
Natural Gas Commitment of Traders Report (as of March 25, 2014)
This data represents the basic Commitment of Traders weekly report. These categories are broken further in disaggregated COT report.
Long Position: Indicates the purchase of a contract Short Position: Indicates the sale of a contract
Non-commercial: Large speculative traders - Managed Money: Commodity Trading Advisors, Commodity Pool
Operators and Hedge Funds - Other Reportables: All Other Speculators
Commercial: Large hedgers (producers, consumers, etc.) - Producer/Merchant/Processor/User: An entity that predominantly
engages in the production, processing, packing or handling of the physical commodity
- Swap Dealers: An entity that uses the futures markets to manage or hedge the risk associated with physical prices
Non-reportable: Small speculators and small hedgers
Long Short Net
Non-commercial 303,535 363,318 (59,783)
Commercial 348,029 339,392 8,637
Non-reportable 76,291 25,145 51,146
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March 2014 Page 10_ Republished from 3/5/14 Weekly Edition
March 2014 Expiration Highlights
Historical Natural Gas NYMEX Expiration Prices
Quick March Expiration Recap
The last month of trading for the March 2014 natural gas NYMEX expiration was a roller coaster ride. It made its
front-month debut on January 30, opening at $5.467, but hit a low of $4.900 per MMBtu that same day. It rallied to
$5.737 per MMBtu on February 5, but then fell to a low of $4.563 per MMBtu by February 10. It traded in the mid-$4’s for four days and then staged a three-day rally, reaching a high of $6.40 per MMBtu on February 20. It
reached a high of $6.493 per MMBtu on February 24, and then tumbled precipitously to expire at $4.855 per
MMBtu on February 26.
Last Three Days of
Trading for
March 2014
2/27/14: $4.855 (Expiration)
2/26/14: $5.096
2/25/14: $5.445
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
JAN $6.213 $11.431 $5.838 $7.172 $6.136 $5.814 $4.216 $3.084 $3.354 $4.407
FEB $6.288 $8.400 $6.917 $7.996 $4.476 $5.274 $4.316 $2.678 $3.226 $5.557
MAR $6.304 $7.112 $7.547 $8.930 $4.056 $4.816 $3.793 $2.446 $3.427 $4.855
APR $7.323 $7.233 $7.558 $9.578 $3.631 $3.842 $4.240 $2.191 $3.976
MAY $6.748 $7.198 $7.508 $11.280 $3.321 $4.271 $4.377 $2.036 $4.151
JUN $6.123 $5.925 $7.591 $11.916 $3.538 $4.155 $4.326 $2.429 $4.148
JUL $6.976 $5.887 $6.929 $13.105 $3.949 $4.717 $4.357 $2.774 $3.707
AUG $7.647 $7.042 $6.110 $9.217 $3.379 $4.774 $4.370 $3.010 $3.459
SEP $10.847 $6.816 $5.430 $8.394 $2.843 $3.651 $3.857 $2.634 $3.566
OCT $13.907 $4.201 $6.423 $7.472 $3.730 $3.837 $3.759 $3.023 $3.498
NOV $13.832 $7.153 $7.269 $6.469 $4.289 $3.292 $3.524 $3.471 $3.497
DEC $11.180 $8.318 $7.203 $6.888 $4.486 $4.267 $3.364 $3.696 $3.818
$1.500
$2.000
$2.500
$3.000
$3.500
$4.000
$4.500
$5.000
$5.500
$6.000
$6.500
$7.000
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
$ / M
MB
tu
Historical NYMEX Expiration Prices: 2010 - 2014
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
5-Year Avg.
3-Year Avg.
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March 2014 Page 11_
NYMEX Pricing Data
This graph illustrates the
daily settlement prices for
the front-month natural
gas NYMEX contract
compared to the 12-month
and 24-month NYMEX
strip price.
The chart on the left pro-
vides various settlement
prices for specific months
and/or specific time-
frames, i.e., a strip price.
Settlement Price: The Henry Hub is the pricing
point for natural gas futures on the NYMEX. The
settlement price is the price established by the NY-
MEX Exchange Settlement Committee at the close of
each trading session and are used as benchmarks for
the entire North American natural gas market.
Front-Month: The front-month price is the price of
the most current month trading.
Strip Price: A strip price is the simple average of
several months. For example, the 3-month strip price
is the simple average of the settlement prices for May
2014, June 2014, and July 2014. By comparison, the
12-month strip is the simple average of the monthly
settlement prices for May 2014 through April 2014.
3-Month $4.521
6-Month $4.532
12-Month $4.561
24-Month $4.371
Front-Month $4.485
06/14-10/14 $4.541
11/14-3/15 $4.684
04/15-10/15 $4.100
Jun-Dec 14 $4.571
Jan-Dec 15 $4.271
Jan-Dec 16 $4.183
NYMEX Strip Prices
(Settlement on 3/28/14)
$3.750
$4.250
$4.750
$5.250
$5.750
$6.250
$6.750
02/0
3/1
4
02/0
5/1
4
02/0
7/1
4
02/0
9/1
4
02/1
1/1
4
02/1
3/1
4
02/1
5/1
4
02/1
7/1
4
02/1
9/1
4
02/2
1/1
4
02/2
3/1
4
02/2
5/1
4
02/2
7/1
4
03/0
1/1
4
03/0
3/1
4
03/0
5/1
4
03/0
7/1
4
03/0
9/1
4
03/1
1/1
4
03/1
3/1
4
03/1
5/1
4
03/1
7/1
4
03/1
9/1
4
03/2
1/1
4
03/2
3/1
4
03/2
5/1
4
03/2
7/1
4
Per M
MB
tu
Natural Gas NYMEX Pricing: 2/3/14-3/28/14
Front Month
12-Month Strip
24-Month Strip
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March 2014 Page 12_
Daily Trading Data: Highs and Lows
This graph above illustrates price volatil-
ity. The vertical bar represents the trading
range of the front-month natural gas NY-
MEX contract each day. The red diamond
represents the daily natural gas NYMEX
settlement price at the Henry Hub in Lou-
isiana. These settlement prices are used
as benchmarks for the entire North Ameri-
can natural gas market.
NYMEX
Contract
Trading
Trading
Date
Daily
Open
Daily
High
Daily
Low
Daily
Settlement
Mar 2014 02/26/14 $4.957 $5.005 $4.660 $4.855
Mar 2014 02/27/14 $4.522 $4.567 $4.441 $4.511
Apr 2014 02/28/14 $4.480 $4.658 $4.451 $4.609
Apr 2014 03/03/14 $4.690 $4.736 $4.463 $4.492
Apr 2014 03/04/14 $4.499 $4.676 $4.490 $4.667
Apr 2014 03/05/14 $4.657 $4.722 $4.507 $4.523
Apr 2014 03/06/14 $4.566 $4.695 $4.506 $4.662
Apr 2014 03/07/14 $4.641 $4.681 $4.566 $4.618
Apr 2014 03/10/14 $4.623 $4.733 $4.556 $4.651
Apr 2014 03/11/14 $4.658 $4.683 $4.572 $4.605
Apr 2014 03/12/14 $4.604 $4.631 $4.448 $4.490
Apr 2014 03/13/14 $4.493 $4.496 $4.355 $4.383
Apr 2014 03/14/14 $4.375 $4.439 $4.341 $4.425
Apr 2014 03/17/14 $4.504 $4.587 $4.482 $4.536
Apr 2014 03/18/14 $4.515 $4.549 $4.446 $4.456
Apr 2014 03/19/14 $4.467 $4.504 $4.420 $4.484
Apr 2014 03/20/14 $4.471 $4.474 $4.349 $4.369
Apr 2014 03/21/14 $4.377 $4.378 $4.286 $4.313
Apr 2014 03/24/14 $4.312 $4.350 $4.262 $4.276
Apr 2014 03/25/14 $4.288 $4.430 $4.263 $4.411
Apr 2014 03/26/14 $4.406 $4.428 $4.352 $4.402
Apr 2014 03/27/14 $4.395 $4.615 $4.372 $4.584
May 2014 03/28/14 $4.517 $4.568 $4.471 $4.485
NYMEX Pricing Data: Highs and Lows
$4.000
$4.500
$5.000
$5.500
$6.000
$6.500
2/3
/2014
2/6
/2014
2/9
/2014
2/1
2/2
014
2/1
5/2
014
2/1
8/2
014
2/2
1/2
014
2/2
4/2
014
2/2
7/2
014
3/2
/2014
3/5
/2014
3/8
/2014
3/1
1/2
014
3/1
4/2
014
3/1
7/2
014
3/2
0/2
014
3/2
3/2
014
3/2
6/2
014
$ / M
MB
tu
NYMEX Daily Highs and Lows: 2/1/14-3/28/14
The chart on the left illustrates daily high/
low data. The Daily Open indicates the
price of the contract when the trading day
began. The Daily High and Daily Low
represent the daily trading range. The
Daily Settlement, also referred to as the
closing price, represents the price at the
end of the trading day. The Daily Open
price is usually close to the Daily Settle-
ment price from the day before.
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March 2014 Page 13_
Recent NYMEX Gas Futures Pricing
Date Nov-14 Dec-14 Jan-15 Feb-15 Mar-15 Apr-15 May-15 Jun-15
02/26/14 $4.544 $4.653 $4.744 $4.697 $4.580 $4.005 $3.960 $3.974
02/27/14 $4.553 $4.661 $4.748 $4.698 $4.576 $4.018 $3.972 $3.986
02/28/14 $4.605 $4.705 $4.791 $4.734 $4.610 $4.049 $4.000 $4.013
03/03/14 $4.517 $4.624 $4.710 $4.659 $4.543 $4.030 $3.987 $4.000
03/04/14 $4.630 $4.733 $4.813 $4.758 $4.635 $4.046 $3.999 $4.011
03/05/14 $4.546 $4.652 $4.734 $4.684 $4.566 $4.031 $3.988 $4.000
03/06/14 $4.648 $4.752 $4.833 $4.779 $4.650 $4.081 $4.036 $4.048
03/07/14 $4.628 $4.736 $4.819 $4.766 $4.640 $4.089 $4.040 $4.051
03/10/14 $4.644 $4.754 $4.838 $4.785 $4.659 $4.115 $4.062 $4.072
03/11/14 $4.608 $4.714 $4.795 $4.743 $4.621 $4.108 $4.058 $4.070
03/12/14 $4.524 $4.635 $4.719 $4.676 $4.563 $4.093 $4.052 $4.066
03/13/14 $4.447 $4.558 $4.642 $4.607 $4.506 $4.068 $4.037 $4.054
03/14/14 $4.487 $4.593 $4.676 $4.638 $4.535 $4.097 $4.067 $4.085
03/17/14 $4.567 $4.679 $4.760 $4.712 $4.602 $4.114 $4.079 $4.093
03/18/14 $4.512 $4.623 $4.704 $4.657 $4.546 $4.085 $4.055 $4.071
03/19/14 $4.550 $4.661 $4.742 $4.694 $4.584 $4.110 $4.078 $4.096
03/20/14 $4.448 $4.562 $4.643 $4.601 $4.506 $4.073 $4.046 $4.064
03/21/14 $4.404 $4.524 $4.606 $4.566 $4.472 $4.059 $4.034 $4.054
03/24/14 $4.382 $4.500 $4.582 $4.543 $4.447 $4.044 $4.020 $4.041
03/25/14 $4.500 $4.616 $4.697 $4.651 $4.548 $4.097 $4.070 $4.089
03/26/14 $4.495 $4.612 $4.696 $4.652 $4.545 $4.093 $4.066 $4.085
03/27/14 $4.623 $4.736 $4.816 $4.767 $4.644 $4.131 $4.092 $4.111
03/28/14 $4.589 $4.700 $4.780 $4.733 $4.620 $4.117 $4.074 $4.090
Date Mar-14 Apr-14 May-14 Jun-14 Jul-14 Aug-14 Sep-14 Oct-14
02/26/14 $4.855 $4.541 $4.464 $4.484 $4.519 $4.508 $4.482 $4.495
02/27/14 $4.511 $4.474 $4.495 $4.529 $4.518 $4.493 $4.505
02/28/14 $4.609 $4.550 $4.568 $4.599 $4.586 $4.557 $4.565
03/03/14 $4.492 $4.455 $4.478 $4.513 $4.501 $4.467 $4.476
03/04/14 $4.667 $4.583 $4.600 $4.634 $4.622 $4.586 $4.593
03/05/14 $4.523 $4.484 $4.505 $4.539 $4.529 $4.496 $4.505
03/06/14 $4.662 $4.603 $4.622 $4.653 $4.641 $4.604 $4.611
03/07/14 $4.618 $4.567 $4.589 $4.622 $4.615 $4.580 $4.587
03/10/14 $4.651 $4.576 $4.601 $4.636 $4.629 $4.594 $4.602
03/11/14 $4.605 $4.544 $4.567 $4.602 $4.595 $4.559 $4.567
03/12/14 $4.490 $4.441 $4.470 $4.508 $4.505 $4.472 $4.481
03/13/14 $4.383 $4.355 $4.384 $4.424 $4.424 $4.395 $4.404
03/14/14 $4.425 $4.403 $4.433 $4.473 $4.469 $4.439 $4.447
03/17/14 $4.536 $4.492 $4.519 $4.554 $4.548 $4.514 $4.523
03/18/14 $4.456 $4.424 $4.454 $4.492 $4.490 $4.458 $4.468
03/19/14 $4.484 $4.458 $4.488 $4.526 $4.524 $4.494 $4.505
03/20/14 $4.369 $4.349 $4.380 $4.418 $4.417 $4.391 $4.402
03/21/14 $4.313 $4.297 $4.329 $4.367 $4.366 $4.343 $4.355
03/24/14 $4.276 $4.272 $4.305 $4.343 $4.341 $4.320 $4.333
03/25/14 $4.411 $4.414 $4.443 $4.479 $4.474 $4.447 $4.457
03/26/14 $4.402 $4.395 $4.424 $4.461 $4.457 $4.434 $4.447
03/27/14 $4.584 $4.538 $4.565 $4.600 $4.595 $4.568 $4.579
03/28/14 $4.485 $4.519 $4.558 $4.556 $4.531 $4.543
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March 2014 Page 14_
Bear Market: Market in which prices are declining.
Bull Market: Market in which prices are rising.
Cash Market: The market for a cash commodity where the actual
physical product is traded.
City Gate: The physical location where the interstate pipeline intercon-
nects with the utilities’ distribution pipeline. At this point, the pipeline
pressure is lowered and the natural gas is odorized.
Commercial and Trade Accounts: Companies involved in the produc-
tion, processing, or merchandising of a commodity. These typically have
their own group of traders in the physical trading ring but sometimes use
other traders as well to try and keep their trading patterns more secretive.
Commitment of Traders Report: A report released each Friday by the
CFTC, which details the volume of long and short positions.
Expiration Date: The date and time after which trading in a futures or
options contract terminates, and after which all option contract rights or
obligations become null and void.
Expiration Price: The settlement price of the commodity on the expira-
tion date.
Fundamental Analysis: The study of pertinent supply and demand
factors, which influence the specific price behavior of commodities;
includes physical factors like storage inventories and weather. (See also
Technical Analysis)
Liquidation: The closing out of a futures position; this term typically
relates to the closing out of a long position while the term used to denote
the closing out of a short position is more often referred to as covering.
Long Position: As it relates to the futures market, one who has bought a
futures contract to establish a market position that obligates the holder to
take delivery unless the contract is liquidated with an offsetting sale.
New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX): The commodity ex-
change based in New York City where natural gas futures contracts are
traded. Other energy futures are traded on this exchange as well.
Non-commercials: As it relates to the futures market, non-commercials
are generally speculative traders.
OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries): The
acronym for the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries that
has organized for the purpose of negotiating with oil companies on mat-
ters of oil production, prices, and future concession rights. Current mem-
bers (as of the date of writing this definition) are Algeria, Indonesia, Iran,
Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emir-
ates, and Venezuela.
Open Interest: Futures contracts during a given period of time,
which have not been satisfied by an offsetting sale, purchase or
actual delivery. (Also referred to as open commitment.)
Range Bound: A term that is used when a commodity seems to be
unable to move above or below a certain trading price range.
Settlement Price: The price established by the NYMEX Exchange
Settlement Committee at the close of each trading session to be used
by the clearinghouse in determining net gains or losses, margin
requirements, and the next day’s price limits; calculating the
weighted average of prices as the market nears closing derives the
settlement price.
Short Position: As it relates to the futures market, one who has
sold a futures contract to establish a market position that obligates
the seller to make delivery at the agreed upon price unless the con-
tract is liquidated with an offsetting purchase. (Opposite of Long
Position.)
Spot Market: The cash market. Natural gas spot market trades are
done on a monthly or daily basis, whereas power market spot mar-
ket trades are done on an hourly basis.
Storage: Facility used for the storage of natural gas; usually a
cavern carved out of natural salt domes or depleted natural gas res-
ervoirs into which natural gas can be reinvested and produced with
minimal loss; storage inventories are utilized particularly in the
Northeast and Midwest to help meet natural gas heating demand
needs during the winter months.
Technical Analysis: An approach to forecasting commodity prices,
which examines patterns of price change, rates of change, and
changes in volume of trading and open interest, without regard to
underlying fundamental market factors.
Trading Volume: In the futures market, the number of transactions
in a contract made during a specified period of time.
This publication is published monthly by Energy Solutions, Inc. 2386 Dahlk Circle, Verona, WI 53593
Tel: (608) 848-9589 / Fax: (608) 848-6256 Website: www.energysolutionsinc.com
Annual Subscriptions: $695 via E-mail / $790 via U.S. Mail
The Monthly Advisor is published each month. Subscribers also receive 48 editions of The Weekly Advisor, 12 editions of Fast Facts, and periodic Pricing Alerts and Storm Alerts. © Copyright 2014. All rights reserved. This publication can be redistributed to other em-ployees of the subscribing company. Redistribution to non-company employees, independent/outside contractors, affiliates, customers or consultants is expressly prohibited.
The information contained herein ultimately relates to the cost and pricing of physical natural gas supplies. Past results are not necessar-ily indicative of future results. There is no guarantee that the informa-tion contained herein will result in profitable trades. No such guarantee can be given nor should be implied. The information provided herein should not be construed as an offer to buy or sell futures, options or commodities. While such information is taken from select sources which Energy Solutions, Inc. believes to be reliable, Energy Solutions, Inc. has not verified such information and makes no representation or warranty as to, and will not be responsible for, its accuracy or complete-ness. The information, views and opinions contained herein are pre-sented for the convenience of the reader and are provided on the condi-tion that errors or omissions therein, or reliance thereon, shall not be made the basis of a claim, demand or cause of action. The views and opinions expressed herein are for informational purposes only, are in no way guaranteed, are expressed as of a specific time and are subject to change at any time without notice.
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