What is a Noun?• A word used to name a person, animal,

place, thing and abstract idea.

Types of nouns

- common nouns - proper nouns- concrete nouns - abstract nouns- countable nouns - non-countable nouns

(mass nouns)- collective nouns - compound nouns

• Common nouns– Refer to a person, place, or thing in general

sense– E.g. people, city, river…

• Proper nouns– Write with a capital letter– Represent the name of a specific person, place,

or thing– E.g. Christopher, Kuala Lumpur, Mississippi

River…

• Concrete nouns– Refer to anything (or anyone) that you

can perceive through your physical senses

– E.g. book, chair, clerk

• Abstract nouns– Refer to anything that you cannot

perceive through your physical senses– E.g. childhood, happiness, love…

• Countable nouns– Can be in singular or plural forms– Refer to anything (or anyone) that you

can count– E.g. table, tables, baby, babies…

• Non-Countable nouns (Mass nouns)– Does not have a plural form– Refer to something you could not count– E.g. oxygen, water…

• Collective nouns– Refer to a group of things, animals, or

persons– Usually think the group as a unit – E.g. class, committee, swarm…

• Compound nouns– A noun made up of 2 or more words– E.g. shoelace, keyboard, flashlight…

Possessive nounsA noun changes its forms to show

that it owns or is closely related to something else.

Nouns > Possessive nounsAdd apostrophe [’] and the letter [s]

• Singular noun that does not end with ‘s’ Cassandra - Cassandra’s friend - friend’s

• Singular noun that ends with ‘s’ Chris - Chris’s / Chris’ bus - bus’s / bus’

• Plural noun that does not end with ‘s’ children - children’s sheep - sheep’s

• Plural noun that ends with ‘s’ dogs - dogs’ babies - babies’

Noun Plurals• Most nouns change their forms by adding ‘-s’

– E.g. dog - dogsbus – buses

• Nouns that end with -s, -ch, -sh, -x, or -z, add ‘-es’– E.g. witness - witnesses

church - churchesdish - dishesbox - boxesbuzz - buzzes

• Nouns that end with -y and the letter before -y is a vowel, add ‘-s’- e.g. boy - boys

key - keys

• Nouns that end with -y and the letter before -y is a consonant, change -y to -I and add ‘-es’- e.g. army - armies

baby - babies

• Nouns that end with -ff, add ‘-s’- e.g. tariff - tariffs

• Nouns that end with -f or -fe:- Some become plural by replacing -f to -v

and adding -s or -es• E.g. knife – knives wife - wives

half - halves leaf - leaves

- Some become plural by only adding -s• E.g. belief - beliefs proof - proofs

Noun Gender• Masculine

– E.g. Peter, actor, waiter…

• Feminine– E.g. Sarah, actress, waitress…

• Common– E.g. teacher, doctor, engineer…

• Neuter– E.g. table, chair, book…