N.R. Diesel ShedKalka

Training on Locomotive Engines

Swami Devi Dayal Instituteof Engineering

Submitted To:Mr. Sidharth Bhardwaj HODMechanical Department

Submitted By:Himanshu Arora 5512814Mechanical Department

Indian Railways

Indian Railways is the state-owned railway company of India. It comes under the Ministry of Railways. Indian Railways has one of the largest and busiest rail networks in the world, transporting over 18 million passengers and more than 2 million tonnes of freight daily. Its 9Revenue is Rs.107.66 billion. It is the world's largest commercial employer, with more than 1.4 million employees. It operates rail transport on 6,909 stations over a total route length of more than 63,327 kilometres(39,350 miles). The fleet of Indian railway includes over 200,000 (freight) wagons, 50,000 coaches and 8,000 locomotives. It also owns locomotive and coach production facilities. It was founded in 1853 under the East India Company.

Diesel Shed Kalka

Diesel Shed, Kalka of Northern Railway is located in Indian State of Haryana. The shed was established in 1891. It was initially planned to home 75 locomotivesThe Diesel Shed is equipped with modern machines and plant required for Maintenance of Diesel Locomotives and has an attached store depot. To provide pollution free atmosphere, Diesel Shed has constructed Effluent Treatment Plant

1. Special machines and plants2. Fuel section3. Control room4. CTA(Chief Technical Assistance)

Diesel EngineThis is the type of internal combustion engine in which air is compressed and due to compression the temperature of air is raised to the considerable amount and at the end when the air becomes too much hot the diesel oil is injected into the cylinder in the shape of spray. CYCLE: The compilation of all these four functions i.e. suction, compression, power, and exhaust in a specific sequences are called one cycle. STROKE: The movement of piston from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC is called Stroke. TDC: The upper position of the piston from which the piston starts move downward is called 'TDC'. (Top Dead Center). BDC: The bottom position of the piston from which the piston starts move upward is called 'BDC'. (Bottom Dead Centre).

COMPRESSION RATIO: The compression ratio of IC engines is the ratio of between clearance volume and total volume i.e. clearance volume + swept volume.

Parts of diesel engineThe diesel engine consists of following major components and assemblies:

a. engine base.b. engine blockc. crank shaftd. cam shafte. cylinder headf. valvesg. pistonh. piston ringsi. cylinder linerj. connecting rodk. main and connecting rod bearing exhaust manifold.

Fig. Locomotive engine

Engine Accessories1. Turbocharger

A turbocharger, or turbo, is a gas compresser used for forced-induction of an internal combustion engine. Like a supercharger, the purpose of a turbocharger is to increase the density of air entering the engine to create more power.

2. Governor (1) constant the rpm according to the throttle notch.(2) to balanced the HP + load between main generator and engine.(3) fuel controls of fuel oil supply.(4) when any safety device operated that time, engine will come in idle position on shut down.  Fig. Governor

Engine Accessories3. Turbo Super ChargerThe process of pressurized air more than atmospheric pressure supplied to the cylinder for combustion is called super charging is provided for super charging.

4. ExpressorIn Indian Railways, the trains normally work on vacuum brakes and the diesel locos on air brakes. As such provision has been made on every diesel loco for both vacuum and compressed air for operation of the system as a combination brake system for simultaneous application on locomotive and train.

Fig. Turbo super charger

Fig. Expressor

Engine Accessories5. Air BrakeAn air brake is a conveyance braking system actuated by compressed air. Modern trains rely upon a fail preventive air brake system that is based upon a design patented by George Westinghouse on March 5,1872. In the air brake's simplest form, called the straight air system, compressed air pushes on a piston in a cylinder. The piston is connected through mechanical linkage to brake shoes that can rub on the train wheels, using the resulting friction to slow the train.

 

Fig. Air brake controller

6. ALTERNATORThis is an electric machine which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy and produces the AC current. The alternator is also likewise DC generator and works on the fundamental principal of magnetic induction.

Engine Accessories

7. GENERATOR

The generator is the machine which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy which is based on the principal of electromagnetic induction. It produces the high voltage which is used to revolve the traction motor.

Fig. Alternator

Engine Accessories8. Cylinder Head

The cylinder head is held on to the cylinder liner by seven hold down studs or bolts provided on the cylinder block. It is subjected to high shock stress and combustion temperature at the lower face, which forms a part of combustion chamber.

Fig. Cylinder head

The fuel oil system is designed to introduce fuel oil into the engines cylinders at the correct time, at correct high-pressure, at correct quantity and correct atomized. To create power in the locomotive engine high speed diesel oil is used.

Fuel supply system

Parts of fuel oil system:(1) fuel oil tank (2) fuel oil filling strainer.(3) glow rod gauge (4) drain plug(5) primary filter (6) fuel transfer pump(7) secondary filter (8) fuel oil relief valve (9) right side fuel gallery (10) benzo pipe & benzo bolt (11) fuel injection pump (12) fuel injector(13) high pressure pipe (14) flexible cross over pipe(15) left fuel oil gallery (16) fuel oil gallery(17) fuel oil regulating valve (18) fuel oil pressure gauge(19) fuel oil return pipe (20) fuel oil return gallery

Water cooling systemThe purpose of cooling water system is to cool engine equipment as well as

(1) to cool the engine block (2) to cool the inlet air(3) to cool the lube oil(4) to cool TSC

The main parts of water cooling system:(1) water pump (2) eddy current clutch

(3) radiator (4) radiator fan(5) jumper pipe + radiator pipe (6) low water switch (LWS) (7) water pipe+ return pipe (8) water temperature gauge(9) ETS- 1,2,3

Lube oil systemEach and every machine parts when rubbed with each other , produces heat. Due to heat it may damage the parts . Hence long life of parts lubricating system is used.For this reason lube oil is used in diesel loco.

4.3.1 Parts of lube oil system:1) suction pipe 2) lube oil pump 3) pump outlet pipe 4) pressure relief valve5) bye pass valve 6) lube oil filter housing(8 filter) 7) filter drain cock 8) lube oil cooler or heat exchanger 9) regulating valve. 10) lube oil strainer & its drain cock11) main header 12) right sub header 13) left sub header 14) TSC

Thank You.