Notes to Instructors on the Use of the PowerPoints

▪ The first fourteen slides in this presentation contain instructor suggestions for using the PowerPoint slides and accompanying lecture notes. ▪ Delete these if you post the slides for students to

access.▪ Do not show these first fourteen slides to

students.

Printing off Handouts

▪ I recommend that you print off PowerPoint handouts (three slides to a sheet) so that students can take notes. ▪ To print off the handouts in a format that will allow

students to take notes, select “Print,” then select “3 slides” from the same drop down box, then click on the “Print” button.▪ If your budget does not allow you to provide handouts

for the students, they can take notes on notebook paper, as they would for any classroom lecture or discussion.

Have the Students Read the Book as a Novel First

▪ Since this is a novel, most instructors who have used these materials in the past have found it best to have the students read the entire book in the first week or so, as many want to find out “what happened.” ▪ Also, covering a murder/mystery over an extended

length of time may cause students to lose track of what is going on with the plot line.▪ After the students have read the entire novel, the go

back and hit the subjects in each chapter.

Have the Students Read the Book as a Novel First

▪ During the first week or so when the novel is being read in its entirety, you may wish to assign a certain number of pages each day to allow the students to get through the book in a relatively short period of time, consistent with what might be done in an English class. ▪ This does not mean that you cannot start covering the

technical material in the beginning chapters. You may wish to lighten the homework load during the time they are reading the entire novel, however.

Use of the PowerPoint Slides

▪ The PowerPoint slides are designed to be an integral part of the learning process—they are more important as a teaching resource than slides made available for most standard textbooks.▪ Since this is not a textbook, but a textbook/novel, the

PowerPoint presentations provide structure to the course.▪ I recommend that you spend the first 20 minutes or so

of class time reviewing with the PowerPoint lecture, then turn to the storyline of the chapter, and then cover the discussion questions.

Tips for Using the PowerPoint Slides

▪ Encourage students to participate in classroom discussions by expressing their opinions not only on what was done in the story, but also how it was done. ▪ I purposely present some real world situations where

professionals did the right thing, but did it in the wrong way. ▪ A good way to encourage student participation is to ask:

“Do you agree this action (such as a dismissal of an employee) had to be done?”

▪ Then ask: “Do you agree with the way it was done?”

Tips for Using the PowerPoint Slides

▪ One of the themes of this book is how something is done is often as important as what is done.▪ Many professionals do the right thing, but do it in the

wrong way (i.e. in a way that offends people, does not involve others in the decisions process, and so on).▪ Professionals can do the right thing, but fail because

they did it in the wrong way.▪ Being able to illustrate principles such as this is one of

the advantages of teaching materials using a story.

Tips for Using the PowerPoint Slides

▪ Stress that in the real world there is often not “one right answer.” This will make it easier for students to express their views without the fear that they will be giving “the wrong answer.”

▪ In many courses, we focus so much on teaching students the right answer that students are reluctant to participate in classroom discussions for fear of being wrong and losing the respect of the teacher and their peers.▪ This book is designed to get students thinking—to help

them to realize that in the real world issues are not always “black and white;” to help them feel more comfortable in dealing with ambiguous situations.

Instructor Lecture Notes

▪ A great deal of effort has gone into preparing the instructor comments attached to each slide. ▪ Please read these comments before you prepare your

class lesson plan, as they contain important information students should be taught.▪ To print off these notes, select “File,” “Print,” and then

click on the drop down box that says “Full Page Slide.” From that drop down, box select “Notes Pages” and then print your selection.

Example of Handout in Note Taking Form

Example of Instructor’s Slide with Notes

Slide with bullets student will see

Instructor lecture that student will not see. Printed off prior to lecture for instructor use.

Instructor Lecture Notes

▪ I purposely do not include all of the material to be presented in the lecture as bullets on the PowerPoint slides.

▪ Students learn more when they actively participate in the learning process. This includes taking notes on the instructor’s lectures.

▪ Also, when all the information they need to know appears on the slides, students tend to “tune out.”

▪ To encourage the students to take notes, some questions in the test bank have come from the instructor comments, not found in the readings and not in the PowerPoint slide bullets the students can view.

▪ To learn the materials it is important that the students take notes on the instructor comments!

▪ Not every chapter has a Power Point slide presentation, as some chapters just serve to move the plot along.

Emails from Instructors are Encouraged!

▪ I have had instructors contact me in the past with suggestions for improvements for new modules. ▪ In many of these cases, I have prepared requested

modules and posted them on my website. ▪ These new modules have then been added to the book

in a subsequent edition. ▪ As a professor who is interested in teaching students

and helping instructors, I am always happy to hear from instructors (and students if they wish to write).

Emails from Instructors are Encouraged!

▪ Email me with suggestions or comments at remcdermott@weber.edu.

Richard E. McDermott, Ph.D., Author

Introduction to the Health Care IndustryRichard E. McDermott, Ph.D.Code Blue Health Science Edition 4

The History of the American Health Care Industry

History of the Healthcare Industry

▪ What comes to mind when we think of our 21th century healthcare industry?

Hospitals Were Not Always Places to Get Well

▪ In the 17th and 18th centuries many doctors were barbers . . .▪ . . . and hospitals were little more than poor houses,

places that people with no money or no family, went to die.

Medical Advice Came from Unreliable Sources

▪ A popular radio show during the early part of the 20th century provided medical advice.▪ One cure advocated for disease was to have a gland

from a goat transplanted into the patient’s body (yikes!).

Cures Were Not Always Related to the Illness

▪ If that didn’t work, the listeners were told to buy Bonnores Electro Magnetic Bathing Fluid.

This is the actual advertisement for Bonnores Electro Magnetic Bathing Fluid—pretty scary, right?

Medicine Was Not Always Dispensed by Doctors

▪ If that didn’t work, they were advised to use Clark Stanley’s Snake Oil Liniment.

A Scientific Revolution . . .

▪ So what caused the field of medicine to become scientifically based?

The Germ Theory of Disease

▪ One major advance was the acceptance of the germ theory of disease.

The Germ Theory of Disease

▪ Previous theories▪ Four Humors▪ Miasma Theory

The Four Humors Theory

▪ One of the most famous victims of blood letting was our first president, George Washington.

▪ On December 13th, 1799 he developed a sore throat. The doctors concluded his humors were out of balance and so they bled him.

▪ When he got weaker, they decided they had not taken enough blood so they bled him again.

▪ He got weaker still . . . and so they took more blood.

▪ By the time he died, they had between 5 and 7 pints of his blood.

▪ A man his size has between 8 and 9 pints of blood.

The Miasma Theory

17th Century artist rendition of “bad night air.”

Opposition to the Germ Theory of Disease

▪ Despite the work of such outstanding scientists as Louis Pasteur, opposition to the germ theory of disease died slowly.▪ Horror stories abound of

doctors who would go from treating patients with infectious diseases to delivering babies or performing surgery, without washing their hands!

The Development of the X-ray Machine

Henry Ford—Industrialist and Philanthropist

Henry Ford Model T Ford Henry Ford Hospital Today

The Health Insurance Industry

Justin Ford Kimball

Job Opportunities in the Health Care Industries

The Healthcare Industry

▪ The healthcare industry is the largest industry in the United States.▪ It is almost as large in terms

of expenditures as the second and third largest industries combined (Education and Defense).▪ Obviously the industry has a

lot of jobs!

The Healthcare Industry

▪ Hospitals represent just one place that health professionals work.

▪ Nevertheless, there are more than 400 different job descriptions (not jobs, but separate job descriptions) in a large urban hospital.

▪ A large university hospital might have as many as 3,000 employees.

▪ Hospitals are usually the largest employer in their communities.

Hospitals are not the only places that offer high quality jobs, however, other places include . . .

▪ Home health agencies▪ Outpatient clinics▪ Physician offices▪ Public health agencies▪ Nursing homes and extended care facilities▪ Health maintenance organizations▪ Healthcare consulting organizations▪ Government agencies▪ And many others

US News & World Report Best Jobs of 2012

▪ Audiologist▪ Biomedical equipment

technician▪ Curriculum/training

specialist▪ Genetic counselor▪ Health policy specialist▪ Management consultant▪ Mediator▪ Occupational therapist

▪ Optometrist▪ Pharmacist▪ Physical therapist▪ Physician assistant▪ Registered nurse▪ Systems analyst▪ Veterinarian▪ Hospital administrator

Jobs in the healthcare industry provide . . .

▪ High pay▪ Clean, stimulating work

environments▪ Meaningful work—the

opportunity to make a difference in the lives of other people▪ The opportunity to work

with highly educated, motivated people▪ Strong future demand

Ethical Issues in the Healthcare Industry

Healthcare Ethics

▪ Healthcare (or biomedical) ethics really developed as a separate field of study in the 1970s.▪ What do you think are some of the developments that

caused this field to become more important than it had been in the past?

Some Developments Creating Ethical Dilemmas▪ Revelations of abuses of human

subjects in medical research▪ The ability to prolong life

almost indefinitely▪ The quality of life for those on

indefinite life support▪ Ambiguous definitions of death▪ Organ transplants▪ Stem cell research▪ Conflicts between what is legal

and what is moral

▪ Conflicts between medical procedures and religious beliefs

▪ The impact of high cost on accessibility to healthcare

▪ Euthanasia▪ Invitro fertilization▪ Abortion▪ Genetic engineering▪ Other

A Few Comments on the Format of the Book

Format of the Book

▪ Code Blue is a textbook/novel. It presents the same material that would be presented in a textbook, but is written as a novel to make the material more interesting and easier to understand.

▪ The book tells the story of an administrator of a hospital who is killed in a mysterious accident.

▪ His successor has never worked in a hospital.

▪ The new administrator soon discovers that the hospital is failing, and he has no understanding of the reasons why.

▪ As he seeks to understand how the healthcare industry differs from all other industries he has worked in, students learn about the healthcare industry.

There are some differences between a textbook and a textbook/novel

Similarities include:▪ Each focuses on teaching specific subjects. Code Blue

covers most of the healthcare skill standards.▪ Additional discussion material, along with discussion

questions appear at the end of each chapter.▪ PowerPoint slides provide an overview of topics covered

in the chapters.▪ Instructors are provided with test banks.

Yes, there will be tests!

Format of the Book

Differences include:▪ Chapters may vary in length depending upon the need to

maintain the storyline.▪ As some chapters are only a few pages in length, an

assignment may include reading more than one chapter.▪ Some chapters are added simply to support the story—

they constitute what we call “recreational reading.” ▪ The story does not attempt to present the issues students

will face in the professional world as “black and white.” In the real world there is a great deal of ambiguity.

Format of the Book

▪ Students are encouraged to identify with the characters and participate in discussions of whether they would have done what the characters did.▪ In most of these discussions there are no wrong

answers. Don’t be hesitant to express your ideas!

Format of the Book

▪ There is a table of contents at the beginning of the book detailing the topics to be covered in each chapter.▪ Definitions are defined in side boxes when they first

occur in the book. A comprehensive glossary of terms is presented at the end of the book.▪ An explanation of abbreviations is also included at the

end of the book, along with an alphabetical index.

The End!