Notes rb labs 3 and 4
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Transcript of Notes rb labs 3 and 4
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Forces and Motion
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Forces and Motion Lab 1 “Graphing Your Motion”; Pages 1-7 Lab 2 “Gravity’s Pull”; Pages 9 – 16 Lab 3 “Keep on Truckin’ ”; Pages 15 – 28 Lab 4 “Laws of Motion”; Pages 29 – 34 Lab 5 “ Work Made Easy”; Pages 41 – 56 Lab 6 “ Power to do Work”; Pages 57 – Lab 7 “ The Force of Friction”; Pages 35 - 40
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Forces and Motion
Lab 3 “Keep on Truckin’ ”; Pages 17-28
Lab 4 “Laws of Motion”; Pages 29 – 34
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Lab 3
Keep on Truckin’Keep on Truckin’
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The Student will:– Investigate and understand
concepts of speed, velocity and acceleration when describing motion.
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The Student will:– Understand that velocity
measures the average speed of an object in a specific direction
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The Student will:Take measurements to calculate the speed of a moving object
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Key TermsKey Terms
SpeedVelocityAcceleration
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SpeedSpeed
The change in position of an object per unit of time:– Miles per hour
MPH
– Meters per SecondM/Sec
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VelocityVelocity
The measurement of the speed of an object in a specific direction
N, NE, E, SE, W , NW,, S, SW,
North Northeast East Southeast West Northwest South Southwest
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AccelerationAcceleration
The increase in speed of an object per unit of time
Written in Meters per second per second
M/sec2
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Average speed is calculated by dividing distance by time
s = d/t
Speed = Distance
Time
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Velocity describes both the speed and the direction of the motion of an object
It is reported in meters per second (m/sec) in a specific direction (m/sec N, E,W or S)
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Acceleration is the change in velocity per unit of time– m/sec2 (meters per second per second)
An object moving with constant speed/velocity has no acceleration
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Essential Learnings:Essential Learnings:
Acceleration is calculated by dividing the change in velocity by time
a = vf – vi
ta = accelerationvf = final velocity
vi = initial velocity t = time
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
On earth weight in Newtons is ~10 your mass in Kiligrams
On earth, acceleration due to the force of gravity is: 9.8 m/sec2 (meters per second per
second)
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
A decrease in velocity is negative acceleration– Deceleration
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Objects moving in a circular motion are constantly accelerating because velocity and direction are constantly changing
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
A distance/time graph for acceleration is always a curve
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One More Thing…
Constant Accelleration– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGfPU_gyqm8
Acceleration Plus and minus– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ixF_Tf4pmE8
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Lab 4
Newton’s 3 LawsNewton’s 3 Laws
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Watch This…..
Newton’s Three Laws of Motion Newton’s Intro… Intro….
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVdqxYyFRKY
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The student will:– Investigate and understand
the effects of gravity and Newton’s laws of motion
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The student will:– Define Force and distinguish
between balanced and unbalanced forces
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The student will:– Explain the effects of
balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The student will:– Identify situations that illustrate
each law of motionGive examples of the effects of Inertia
(Newton’s First Law)
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The student will:– Explain how force, mass and
acceleration are related
(Newton’s Second Law)
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The student will:– Solve basic problems given
the formula; Force = mass x acceleration (F=ma)
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The student will:– Demonstrate action and
reaction forces and how they apply to motion (Newton’s Third Law)
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Key ObjectivesKey Objectives
The student will:– Explain how force and motion
apply to car safety and technology, rockets and restraining devices
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Key TermsKey Terms
Newton’s First Law– Inertia
Newton’s Second LawNewton’s Third LawBalanced ForcesUnbalanced Forces
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Newton’s First LawNewton’s First Law
InertiaInertia– A body at rest will
remain at rest until a force acts upon it
and…
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Newton’s First LawNewton’s First Law
“A body will remain in motion and travel in a straight path and constant speed until a force acts upon it.”
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Newton’s First LawNewton’s First Law
InertiaInertia- Often called the “Lazy Law”…it says things do what they are doing until a force causes a
change to occur
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Newton’s Second LawNewton’s Second Law
“The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied”
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Newton’s Third LawNewton’s Third Law
“Whenever one object exerts a force on another, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first”
Action Action Reaction or Reaction or
Cause Cause EffectEffect
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Balanced ForcesBalanced Forces
When forces are equal or balanced no change in the motion of an object will be observed
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Unbalanced ForcesUnbalanced Forces
When forces are unequal or unbalanced, a change in the motion of an object can be observed:– Bowling ball collides with a tennis
ball
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Sir Isaac Newton (1642 – 1727) The “Father of Calculus” and one of the greatest Physicists ever
Through observations and calculations discovered three laws of motion.
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Newton’s first law (Inertia) states:– Any object at rest will remain
at rest until a force acts upon it to change the objects position/motion.
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
– In addition, any moving object will remain in motion at a constant speed and in a straight line until another force acts upon it to change its motion.
.
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Newton’s second law : – F=ma– The acceleration of an object is
determined by the mass of the object and the amount of force needed to change the speed
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
– Note that:Only an unbalanced force can change an objects motion
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Essential LearningsEssential Learnings
Newton’s third law :– For every action there is an equal
and opposite reaction.– Often called
Action ReactionCause and Effect
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Newton’s Laws ReviewNewton’s Laws Review
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jFI29NoG-Ko
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Newton’s Law SongNewton’s Law Song
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PkAO8F-Tm-w
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Finally….Finally….
http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=jwPc0kK9VHU&feature=fvwp
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FormulaeFormulae
Force
F= maF = Force
m= Mass
a = acceleration
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Formulae (Formulas)Formulae (Formulas)
Accelerationa=Vf – Vi
ta = acceleration t = time
Vf = Final Velocity
Vi = Initial Velocity
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FormulaeFormulae
Distance
d= r x ts = speed
r = rate
d= Distance
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Essential Learnings
The End!