Notes on Caribbean Phymatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

N. A. Kormilev & RH. van Doesburg

Kormilev, N . A . & P.H. van Doesburg. Notes on Caribbean Phymatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zool. Med. Leiden 65 (21), 24.xii.1991:277-285, figs. 1-4.— ISSN 0024-0672. Key words: Hemiptera; Phymatidae; Macrocephalinae; taxonomy, keys, Carribbean; Lophoscutus;

Phymatocoris. New descriptive and distributional data are presented for Ambush bugs from the Dominican Re­

public: Phymatocoris iviei gen. nov., spec. nov. and Lophoscutus hispaniolensis spec. nov. New records are given for Phymata interjecta Dudich, 1922, Lophoscutus confusus Kormilev, 1989, and L. ypsilon Kormi­lev, 1990. Keys are given for the American genera of Macrocephalinae, and for the Caribbean species of the genus Lophoscutus.

Nicholas A . Kormilev, Research Associate in Entomology at the Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Ha­waii; Member of the New York Academy of Sciences. Mailing address: 211 Pasadena Ave. N . , Apt. 312, S. Petersburg, Fla., 33710, U.S.A.

Pieter H . van Doesburg Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.

Introduction

The motive for this paper was the opportunity offered by Dr M.A. Ivie to study a lot of 28 Phymatidae, collected by him in the Dominican Republic, among which is a very interesting specimen of a new macrocephaline species, for which we propose to raise a new genus.

Figures given in the equations represent units of the ocular micrometer each cor­responding to 0.04 mm.

Subfamily Phymatinae

Phymata interjecta Dudich, 1922.

Phymata marginata Fabricius, var. interjecta Dudich, 1922:164. Phymata interjecta; Kormilev, 1962:288,375.

Material.— Dominican Republic, Pedernales prov., M . Ivie, Philips & Johnson: El Aceitillar, 35 km N N W Cabo Rojo, 1250-1430 m 20-23.viii.1988, 5 tftf, 2 99; 13.5 km N N W Cabo Rojo, 140 m, flight intercept trap, 21.viii-10.ix.1988,1 cf.

Subfamily Macrocephalinae

Lophoscutus confusus Kormilev, 1989

Lophoscutus confusus Kormilev, 1989:61.

278 ZOOLOGISCHE MEDEDELINGEN 65 (1991)

Material — Dominican Republic , Pedernales prov., 24 km N Cabo Rojo, 610 m, wet forest, 19.viii.1988, M . Ivie, Philips & Johnson, 1 9- A male specimen described as a para type of this species actually belongs to the next species, L. ypsilon Kormilev, 1990.

Lophoscutus ypsilon Kormilev, 1990

Lophoscutus ypsilon Kormilev, 1990:223.

Material.— Dominican Republic, Pedernales prov., El Aceitillar, Las Abejas, 35 km N Cabo Rojo, 1250-1430 m, 23-26.viii.1988, M . Ivie, Philips & Johnson, 13 cfcf, 4 99.

Lophoscutus hispaniolensis spec. nov. (fig. i)

Material.— Holotype, 9, Dominican Republic, Pedernales prov., 13.5 km N Cabo Rojo, 140 m, flight intercept trap, 21.VIII-10.IX.1988, M . Ivie, Philips & Johnson. Deposited at the National Museum of Natural History, Washington.

Female.— Elongate ovate; head roughly granulate on upper side, less laterally; pronotum almost smooth on fore lobe, finely punctured elsewhere; abdomen with sparse, fine granulation on connexivum and venter; pleurae finely punctured and crenate on fore border of propleuron and lower border of metapleuron; fore femora sparsely granulate on disc and serrate on upper border.

Head.— median line longer than its width across eyes (23:17); clypeus with a lon­gitudinal row of granules; preocular border shorter than postocular border (6:10); ocelli placed nearer to the eyes than to hind border of the head. Antennae short, 1.28 times as long as width of head across eyes. Relative length and width () of antennal segments I to IV are: 7(3):3(0.75):4(25):7.75(5). Relative length of labial segments I to m, 13:10:5.

Thorax.— Length of pronotum along median line shorter than maximum width across lateral angles (30:45). Anterior border evenly sinuate; anterolateral angles al­most rectangular; anterolateral borders of fore lobe straight, divergent backwards and finely crenulate; anterolateral borders of hind lobe weakly convex; lateral angles rectangular; posterolateral borders of hind lobe firstly convex, then sinuate; posterior border convex. Disc of fore lobe inflated, with a minute pit medially; disc of hind lobe weakly depressed medially and sublaterally; carinae thin, gently curved and di­vergent backwards, reaching hind border of pronotum; posterior angles rounded. Scutellum longer than its maximum width at level of junction of connectiva V and VI (70:32), reaching end of abdomen; median carina thin, reaching hind border, anterior­ly enlarged and depressed; basal half of the disc with a triangular, posteriorly trun­cated light spot, not reaching lateral borders and posteriorly reaching level of hind border of connexivum HI; disc densely and finely punctured. Fore wings reaching end of scutellum; corium reaching hind border of connexivum IV. Fore femora longer than their maximum width (30:18).

Abdomen.— Median line longer than its maximum width across segment III (65: 57.5); posterolateral angles of connexiva not protruding; hind border of connexivum Vm slightly cut out medially; venter raised medially on segment HI, then sloping.

KORMILEV & V A N DOESBURG: CARIBBEAN PHYMATIDAE 279

Colour.— General colour creamy yellow; hind lobe of pronotum and scutellum, with exception of basal triangular spot, infuscate.

Measurements.— Total length 4.88 mm; width of pronotum 1.80 mm; width of abdomen 2.30 mm.

Note.— This species can easily be separated from other Lophoscutus species by the triangular light spot on the scutellum.

Etymology.— The name of the species refers to the Caribbean island Hispaniola of which the Dominican Republic is a part.

Phymatocoris gen. nov.

Type species: Phymatocoris iviei spec. nov.

Habitus elongate rhomboid. Head.— Head long and narrow, more than twice as long as its width across eyes;

antennae short, only slightly longer than the head, second segment longest, third shortest, in state of repose bent downwards from its second joint and placed into ca­nals formed by bucculae along the labium, reaching slightly behind the eyes; anten-nal segment I three times as long as thick; II one and a half times as long as I; m shortest, less than half as long as I; IV fusiform, slightly shorter than I. Eyes protrud­ing, placed in the middle of the sides of the head. Ocelli almost equidistant from eyes and posterior border of the head. Preocular borders slightly sinuate, postocular bor­ders straight. Jugae obliquely cut out medially, forming a long cleft anteriorly; genae acutely produced forwards but not reaching the tip of the jugae; bucculae forming three flaps each, the first two very short, the third as long as the first two together, not reaching the hind border of the head.

Thorax.— Pronotal length less than its maximum width across the lateral angles; fore lobe long and narrow, its anterior border sinuate, anterior angles acute, directed anteriorly; lateral borders of fore lobe almost straight and crenulate; the disc granu­late. Hind lobe strongly widening, forming lobes, cut out in the middle, directed up and foreward; posterolateral borders firstly convex then sinuate; posterior angles minute; posterior border rounded; posterior lobe three times depressed longitudinal­ly; carinae slightly divergent, anteriorly set with one large, and several smaller gran-ulae, reaching hind border of pronotum inwardly of the posterior angles. Scutellum long, tongue-shaped, slightly longer than abdomen; lateral borders sinuate on basal half, and convex apically; median carina raised basally, reaching hind border of scu­tellum; disc roughly punctured, more densely in the middle of the scutellum. He-melytra not reaching tip of abdomen; corium reaching hind border of connexivum V. Fore legs small, coxae long, cylindrical, trochanters free, separating coxae and femo­ra; these narrow at base, strongly dilated towards apex; fore tibiae thin, with minute fore tarsi. Middle and hind legs normal.

Abdomen.— Median line shorter than maximum width across lateral angles, the latter rounded; lateral borders widening from II to III, then receding; maximum width across segment III; posterolateral angles of the connexivum II produced; seg­ment II with very narrow, III and IV with wide ultraconnexiva; connexivum III rounded and produced far beyond connexivum IV; posterior border of VIII slightly cut out medially. Venter with a thin median carina.

280 ZOOLOGISCHE MEDEDELINGEN 65 (1991)

Fig. 1. Lophoscutus hispaniolensis spec. nov., 9, scutellum. Figs. 2-4. Phymatocoris iviei gen. nov. & spec, nov., 9- 2, dorsal aspect of type specimen; 3, head, ventral aspect; 4, antenna.

Phymatocoris is somewhat similar to Agdistocoris Kormilev, 1962a, from India, ha­ving similar construction of the antennae, but its bucculae are forming canals for the reception of the antennae at rest, like in Glossopelta Handlirsch, 1897. The abdominal segments II to IV have ultraconnexiva, so far not known in Macrocephalinae. The fore tarsi are similar to those from Extraneza Barber, 1939, from Puerto Rico, but much smaller.

Phymatocoris iviei spec. nov. (figs. 2-4)

Material.— Holotype, 9, Dominican Republic, Pedernales prov., 24 km N Cabo Rojo, 610 m, wet for-

KORMILEV & V A N DOESBURG: CARIBBEAN PHYMATIDAE 281

est at light and night beating, 21.viii.1988, M . Ivie, Philips & Johnson, deposited in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Female.— Length 5.8 mm, pale yellow with brown and whitish spots. Texture.— Head and fore lobe of pronotum densely granulate; hind lobe of pro­

notum densely punctured; scutellum roughly punctured basolaterally, finer else­where; corium very finely punctured; abdomen granulate on the connexiva; propleu-ron granulate, denticulate on fore border; mesopleuron granulate on fore and lower borders; metapleuron smooth; abdomen sparsely granulate.

Colour.— Pale yellow with dark brown spots, white granulations and dark brown punctures. Head and fore lobe of pronotum dark brown medially, hind lobe mottled with brown; scutellum ivory, dark brown medially; corium with a few brown spots; connexivum II dark brown on posterolateral angles; in dark brown medially, IV to VII brown on posterior half; venter with dispersed dark brown spots; fore femora dark brown with yellow spots on basal half; fore tibiae and middle and hind legs with brown spots.

Measurements.— Total length 5.80 mm; width of pronotum 1.84 mm; width of abdomen 3.81 mm. Relative length and width of head, 40:17; of pronotum, 30:46; of scutellum, 75:32 (25 at base); of abdomen, 70:98; of fore femora, 22:10; of antennal segment 1,13:4; II, 19:4; m, 4:2; IV, 10:3. Relative lengths of the labial segments, 8:8:6.

Etymology.— It is a pleasure to dedicate this striking species to Dr M.A. Ivie, its collector.

Discussion

The macrocephaline Phymatidae were up till now represented in the New World by only three genera, viz.: Macrocephalus Swederus, 1787, Lophoscutus Kormilev, 1951, and Extraneza Barber, 1939. The first two with numerous species, the last one with a single species. The new genus Phymatocoris we propose in this paper is somewhat re­lated to Agdistocoris Kormilev, 1962a, from India, in having the antennae bent down­wards from antennal segment n, and placed in repose in canals formed by the buccu­lae along the labium. The new genus is also related to Extraneza Barber from Puerto Rico, in having fore tarsi, though these are very minute. Phymatocoris has also some characters so far only observed in Phymatinae like the possession of ultraconnexiva on the connexiva II to IV as in Phymata reticulata Handlirsch, 1897, or Phymata venezuelana Kormilev, 1950.

Key to the American genera of Macrocephalinae

1. Fore tibiae without tarsi 2 Fore tarsi present 3

2. Pale spot on scutellum large, in the shape of a spearhead or lancet, sometimes threepronged posteriorly; parameres of the male with a subapical branch

Macrocephalus Swederus, 1787 - Pale spot on scutellum small, restricted to base of median carina; carina thin,

reaching tip of scutellum, or lateral borders of abdominal segments HI and TV produced into rounded lobes; parameres in the shape of a hook, lacking a sub-

282 ZOOLOGISCHE MEDEDELINGEN 65 (1991)

apical branch Lophoscutus Kormilev, 1951 3. Antennal segment II one and a half times as long as I; bucculae forming canals for

reception of antennae at rest; abdominal segments n to IV with ultraconnexiva Phymatocoris gen. nov.

Antennal segment II shorter than I; bucculae do not form such canals; abdominal segments II to IV without ultraconnexiva Extraneza Barber, 1939

Key to the Caribbean species of Lophoscutus Kormilev, 1951

1. Anterior tibia with a small, retractile tarsus; carinae of pronotum with two (1 + 1) tubercles; Puerto Rico I. productus (Barber, 1939)

- Anterior tibia without tarsus; pronotal carinae with or without tubercles 2 2. Carinae of pronotum with two (1+1) tubercles 3 - Carinae of pronotum without tubercles 4 3. Entire body densely covered with setigerous spiculae; eyes pilose; Puerto Rico

L. spiculissimus (Barber, 1939) - Body not covered with spiculae, only with round granulation; eyes not pilose;

Cuba L. rugosipes (Guerin-M£neville, 1857) 4. Species at least 9 mm long 5 - Species 8 mm or less 8 5. Body with setigerous tubercles; Cuba L. thoracicus (Valdes, 1910)

Body only with simple granulations 6 6. Lateral angles of pronotum acutely produced and with a secondary blunt tooth

posteriorly; posterolateral angles of abdominal connexiva produced, forming a zic-zac border; Cuba L. balloui (Bruner, 1926)

- Lateral angles of pronotum slightly rounded, forming an obtuse angle; lateral borders of abdomen not zic-zac 7

7. Species longer and narrower ($), ratio of total length:width of abdomen, 2.2:1: Virgin Isls. (not South America! see Zimsen, 1964)

L. crassimanus (Fabricius, 1803) - Species shorter and wider (9), said ratio about 1.8:1; Cuba

L.julianus (Bruner, 1951) 8. Body with very fine setigerous granulations; lateral angles of pronotum each

forming two small teeth; Cuba L. kormilevi (Zayas, 1966) Body without setigerous granulations 9

9. Head as long as pronotum on median line 10 - Head shorter than pronotum 11 10. Species longer and narrower (cf), ratio of total length:width of abdomen, 3.25:1;

antennal segment IV shorter than II + m together (13:14); head, pronotum and scutellum brown; Cuba L. alayoi (Zayas, 1966)

- Species shorter and wider (cf), ratio 3:1; antennal segment IV longer than n and III together (11:9); with yellow anterolateral border of pronotum and yellow spots on scutellum; Cuba L. acunai (Bruner, 1946)

11. Antennae very strong and long, more than three times as long as width of head across eyes (60:18); Jamaica L. marmoratus (Kormilev, 1966)

- Antennae less strong, shorter, its length less than 2.5 x width of head 12

KORMILEV & V A N DOESBURG: CARIBBEAN PHYMATIDAE 283

12. Lateral angles of pronotum not cut out 13 - Lateral angles of pronotum cut out or sinuate behind tip 21 13. Species narrow, abdomen at most as wide as pronotum 14

Abdomen wider than pronotum 15 14. Abdomen as wide as pronotum (cf); Guadeloupe L. insularis (Dudich, 1922) - Abdomen much narrower (cf); Guadeloupe L. dudichi (Kormilev, 1949) 15. Antennae at least two times as long as width of head across eyes 16

Antennae shorter 19 16. Slender species, three times as long as maximum width (5.6:1.8); basal spot on

scutellum minute, reaching only level of connexivum II; Cuba L. patriciae (Zayas, 1966)

- Length less than 2.5 x width 17 17. Basal spot of scutellum simple, reaching level of connexivum IV; Hispaniola

L. haitiensis (Kormilev, 1987) Basal spot on scutellum not simple 18

18. Species less than 5 mm long, ratio of total length:maximum width (9) more than 2:1 (2.12:1); basal spot of scutellum imposed on larger, triangular pale spot, reach­ing level of connexivum HI; Hispaniola L. hispaniolensis spec, nov..

- Species over 6 mm long, ratio length:width (9) less than 2:1 (1.76:1); abdomen cordate, longer (cf) or shorter (9) than wide; scutellum with a basal spot, an irregular transverse band in the middle, and an irregular spot formed by granu­lation at the end, yellow; Hispaniola L. leucographus (Westwood, 1841)

19. Pronotum bicoloured: fore lobe orange, hind lobe dark brown; lateral borders of scutellum diverging in straight line untill 3/4 of their length, then converging in­to an arc; Hispaniola L. pulcher (Kormilev, 1981) Pronotum unicoloured, orange yellow or brown; lateral borders of scutellum sin­uate on basal half 20

20. Lateral borders of pronotum barely sinuate between lobes; scutellum with dis­persed white granulation between punctures; Hispaniola

L. dominicanus (Kormilev, 1983) Lateral borders of pronotum angularly sinuate between lobes; scutellum with­out a white granulation; Cuba L. pulchellus (Westwood, 1841)

21. Species less than 6.5 mm long 22 Species larger, 6.5 mm or more 24

22. Abdomen almost as long as wide (9); Puerto Rico L. subproductus (Kormilev, 1962)

- Abdomen always distinctly longer than wide 23 23. Antennal segment TV only slightly longer than II + HI (cf, 12.5:11.5); Leeward

Islands L. geijskesi Kormilev & van Doesburg, 1986 - Antennal segment IV distinctly longer than II + III (cf, 14:9); Puerto rico

L. rideri Kormilev, 1988 24. Abdomen shorter than its maximum width; connexiva II and HI subfused; prono­

tum bicoloured: fore lobe and anterolateral border of hind lobe yellow, rest of hind lobe testaceous; basal yellow spot of scutellum ovate, St. Thomas; Virgin Is­lands L. virginensis Kormilev, 1986

- Abdomen longer than its maximum width; connexiva II and HI not subfused; if pronotum is bicoloured, then basal spot of scutellum rhomboid 25

284 ZOOLOGISCHE MEDEDELINGEN 65 (1991)

25. Antennal segment IV distinctly shorter than II and m together (9, 11:15); postero­lateral angles of connexiva II and III protruding; Cuba L. Israeli (Zayas, 1966)

- Antennal segment IV distinctly longer than II + HI, if it is only slightly shorter (9, 12:13), then posterolateral angles of connexiva II and III not protruding 26

26. Antennal segment IV slightly shorter than II & m together (9, 12:13); scutellum' more that twice as long as its maximum width (102:48); posterolateral angles of connexiva II and HI not protruding; Hispaniola L. testaceus (Kormilev, 1963)

- Antennal segment IV distinctly longer than II + III; scutellum at most two times as long as its maximum width 27

27. Scutellum twice as long as its maximum width (40:20); pronotum bicoloured; ba­sal spot of scutellum rhomboid; Cuba L. westwoodi (Gu£rin-M£neville, 1857)

- Scutellum less than twice as long as its maximum width; pronotum not bico­loured; basal yellow spot different 28

28. Antennae more than twice as long as the width of the head across the eyes (cf, 47.5:21); scutellum with an irregular basal spot and two (1 + 1) transverse spots at apical 1/3; Hispaniola L. confusus Kormilev, 1989

- Antennae less than twice as long as width of head (cf, 20:12.5; 9,16:11.5); scutel­lum with an inverted basal Y-spot, and two (1 + 1) small spots on apical 1/3; His­paniola L. ypsilon Kormilev, 1990

Aknowledgements

We are greatly indebted to Dr Micheal A. Ivie, professor at the Montana University, for offering the opportunity to study a very interesting lot of Phymatidae from the Dominican Republic, and for providing explanations concerning localities of some types from the Caribbean Islands, particularly the Virgin Islands; to Dr Ursula Gollner Scheiding Zoologisches Museum, Berlin, for taken measure­ments of the types of Westwood; to Dr Richard C. Froeschner, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, for providing us with the measurements of Lophoscutus leucographus (Westwood); and to Dr Randall T. Schuh, American Museum of Natural History, New york, for examining Barber's speci­men of Macrocephalus product us.

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Barber, H.G. , 1939. Hemiptera-Heteroptera (excepting the Miridae and Corixidae).— Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands, 14 (3): 263-441,36 figs.

Bruner, S.C., 1926. On the genus Macrocephalus in Cuba (Hemiptera-Heteroptera).— Mem. Soc. Cuba-na Hist. nat. Felipe Poey 7:55-61,6 figs.

Bruner, S.C., 1946. Cuban Phymatidae with the description of a new Macrocephalus (Hemiptera).— Ibid. 18 (1): 13-18, pi . 2 (6 figs.).

Bruner, S.C., 1951. A new species of the genus Macrocephalus from Cuba (Hemiptera: Phymatidae.— Ibid. 20: 71-74,1 fig.

Dudich, E., 1922. Die Phymatiden des ungarischen National-Museums.— Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. nat. Hung. 19:161-181,8 figs.

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127-230,35 figs, pis iv-ix. Kormilev, N . A . , 1949. A new species of the genus Macrocephalus Swederus (1787) from Brasil, and M .

KORMILEV & V A N DOESBURG: CARIBBEAN PHYMATIDAE 285

dudichi, n.n. (Hemiptera, Phymatidae).— Rev. Ent., Brasil 20 (1-3): 583-588,1 fig. Kormilev, N . A . , 1951. Notes on neotropical Phymatidae. Diagnosis of new species (Hemiptera).—

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(1960,3-4): 287-486,19 pits. Kormilev, N.A. , 1963. Notes on American Phymatidae III (Hemiptera-Heteroptera).— Proc. ent. Soc.

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Phymatidae).— Sociobiol. 6 (2): 214-220,2 figs. Kormilev, N . A . , 1986. Notes on American Macrocephalinae with descriptions of two new species

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tidae, Macrocephalinae).— Proc. ent. Soc. Wash. 89 (4): 701-705,2 figs. Kormilev, N . A . , 1988. Four new species of the genus Lophoscutus Kormilev, 1951, from Latin America

(Hemiptera: Phymatidae, Macrocephalinae).— Eos, Rev. esp. Ent. 64 (1): 141-146,5 figs. Kormilev, N . A . , 1989. A new species of the genus Lophoscutus Kormilev from the Dominican

Republic— Mitt, munch, ent. Ges. 79:61-63,4 figs. Kormilev, N . A . , 1990. Two new species of the genus Lophoscutus Kormilev, 1951 (Hemiptera,

Phymatidae).— Revta. bras. Ent. 34 (1): 221-225,2 figs. Kormilev, N . A . & P.H. van Doesburg, 1986. Notes on Phymatidae (Heteroptera).— Zool. Med., Leiden

60 (8): 113-127,11 figs. Swederus, N . S., 1787. Et nytt genus, och femtio nya species af Insekter beskrifne.— Vet.-Akad. nya

Handl. 8:181-201. Valdes Ragues, P., 1910. Gasification Gundlach de Hemipteros Cubanos, conforme a los ejemplares

que existen en el museo del Institute de 2a. ensenanza de la Habana.— A n . Acad. Cienc. Med., Fis. nat. Habana 44:425^46.

Westwood, J.O., 1841. Observations upon the hemipterous Insects composing the genus Syrtis of Fa-bricius, or the family Phymatites of Laporte, with a monograph of the genus Macrocephalus.— Tr. ent. Soc. London 3:18-28, pi. 2.

Zayas, F. de, 1966. La familia Phymatidae (Hemiptera) en Cuba, con adicion de cinco especies nuevas y un nuevo registro.— Poeyana (Ser. A) 32:1-30,7 figs (pis.).

Zimsen, E., 1964. Hemiptera: 281-354. In: The type material of J. C. Fabricius: 1-656.— Copenhagen.

Received: 2.V.1991 Accepted: 16.ix.1991 Edited: M.J.P. van Oijen