8/18/2019 Notes on Adoption (Herrera)

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SPECIAL PROCEEDINGSHerrera Notes on Adoption

 Adoption has been defned as a juridical act hich creates beteen to persons a relationship si!ilar to that hichresults "ro! le#iti!ate paternit$%

 Adoption is a juridical act& a proceedin# in re!'( hich creates beteen the to persons a relationship si!ilar tothat hich results "ro! le#iti!ate paternit$ and fliation%

Adoption is also a proceedin# in rem hich no court !a$ entertain unless it has jurisdiction not onl$ o)er thesubject !atter o" the case and o)er the parties but also o)er the res& hich is the personal status o" the parties% OurCi)il Code adheres to the theor$ that jurisdiction o)er the status o" a natural person is deter!ined b$ the latter*snationalit$% Personal status& in #eneral& is deter!ined b$ and+or subject to the jurisdiction o" the do!iciliar$ la% ,hisperhaps& is the reason h$ our Ci)il Code -no .a!il$ Code/ does not per!it adoption b$ aliens -as a #eneral rule/%

In adoption& as a proceedin# in rem& constructi)e notice& such as publication dul$ !ade is enou#h here theresidence o" the parents is un0non% Notice !oreo)er is not re1uired in adoption cases in re#ard to the abandonin#parent%

E2ect o" Non3Obser)ance o" Adoption Proceedin#s4 It has beco!e a practice in recent ti!es "or people ho ant toa)oid the e5pense and trouble o" a judicial adoption si!pl$ to re#ister the child as their supposed child in the ci)ilre#istr$% Hoe)er& re#istration o" a child in his or her birth certifcate as the child o" the supposed parents is not a)alid adoption& does not con"er upon the child the status o" an adopted child and the le#al ri#hts o" such child& ande)en a!ounts to a si!ulation o" the child*s birth or "alsifcation o" his or her birth certifcate& hich is a public

docu!ent%

RESCISSION O. ADOP,ION ONL6 76 ,HE ADOP,EE% Since the adoption is "or the best interests o" the adoptee& it isonl$ the latter and not the adopter ho can rescind the adoption% Sections 89& ':& '8& ''& '; and '( o" theproposed Rule pro)ide "or the procedure on the rescission o" adoption% Also specifed are #rounds "or rescission&period o" flin# the petition& the )enue o" the petition& and the action o" the court in the e)ent the adopter "ails toanser& the contents o" the jud#!ent and its ser)ice upon the ci)il re#istrar%

insane or

hopelessl$ inte!perate%> In re"erence to abandon!ent o" a child b$ his parent& the act o" abandon!ent i!ports>an$ conduct o" the parent hich e)inces a settled purpose to "ore#o all parental duties and relin1uish all parentalclai!s to the child%> It !eans >ne#lect or re"usal to per"or! the natural and le#al obli#ations o" care and supporthich parents oe their children%> -id%/ ? ? ? Ph$sical estran#e!ent alone& ithout fnancial and !oral desertion& isnot tanta!ount to abandon!ent%

8/18/2019 Notes on Adoption (Herrera)

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f5es a status& )iB%& that o" parent and child% =ore technicall$& it is an act b$ hich relations o" paternit$ and fliationare reco#niBed as le#all$ e5istin# beteen persons not so related b$ nature% It has been defned as the ta0in# intoone*s "a!il$ the child o" another as son or dau#hter and heir and con"errin# on it a title to the ri#hts and pri)ile#eso" such% Nonetheless the adopted child !a$ petition the court "or the use o" his "or!er na!e here his adopti)eparents ha)e consented to the sa!e% "% Heirs o" the Adopted Child @nder Article 89: o" the .a!il$ Code& the"olloin# successional rules shall be obser)ed ith re#ard to an adopted child4 -8/ Le#iti!ate and ille#iti!atechildren and descendants and the sur)i)in# spouse o" the adopted shall inherit "ro! the adopted& in accordanceith the ordinar$ rules o" le#al or intestate succession -'/