Gramática 2Capítulo 2

Nouns

• ALL nouns in Spanish have a gender• They’re either masculine or feminine.• Most nouns that are masculine end in –o.• Most nouns that are feminine end in –a.

Nouns

• Singular noun - ONE of something• Plural noun – 2+ things

• If a singular noun ends in a vowel, add –s to make is plural.

• If a singular noun ends in a consonant, add –es to make it plural.

Definite articles

• Definite articles are used to express the word “the” in English.

• These must agree in gender and number with the noun.

Definite articles

Masculine Feminine

Singular el laPlural los las

Definite articles - uses

• To talk about a noun as a general category.• ¿Cómo es la pizza? – What’s the pizza

like (in general)?• When saying what you like with

gustar.• Me gusta la pizza. – I like pizza.

Definite articles

• Put the correct definite article in the blank.

• ____ profesora• ____ libro• ____ profesoras• ____ libros

la

lasel

los

gustar

• Gustar is used to say what people like.

• Use gusta if the thing they like is singular.• Use gustan if the thing they like is plural.

gustar

• You must put one of these pronouns before gustar to say who likes something.

• “Le” can be Ud., he, she, or it.

• “Les” can be Uds., ellos, or ellas.

me nos

te

le les

gustar

• “Le” can be Ud., he, she, or it.

• “Les” can be Uds., ellos, or ellas.

• To ask who is being talked about, use

a quién or a quiénes.

me noste

le les•To clarify who is being talked about, use a and name(s).

What we use it with

• Objects:• Me gustAN los

zapatoS• I like shoes

• Verbs: Me gusta leer.• I like to read.

• Me gusta (I like)…• Jugar – To play• Leer – to read• Dormir – to sleep• Ir al cine – To go to

the movies

gustar

• To say someone doesn’t like something, put the word no in front of the pronoun

• No me gusta la pizza.• No le gustan los helados.• No nos gusta el profesor.

¿por qué? and porque

• ¿por qué?• why?

• porque• because

¿Por qué te gusta la pizza?Por que es muy buena.

Preposition “de”

• De is used to:• show possession or relationship

• El profesor de María Maria’s teacher

• indicate what type of things you’re describing• say where someone is from

• “de” followed by “el” makes the contraction “del”