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    257 ., . ., 25: ., , . ., -, 2001, 697, . ` , , (. . ..) :VII : . , : ., , , . ., , 2006, 319: 258 ., , XIXII , - , , 1995, . 365.

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    XI - , , ` : - , , -, , - : - 259 ., ( ), , , 28.08.2008. 260 , . ., 32. 261 ., ( ) , , . VIII, 1999.

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    1. . , - . 1865 ...... 111

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    3. . , .............................................................. 183

    4. . - , , .- 1871 .................................... 242

    5. . , 1872 .. 267

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    .

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    ,

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    , . , , (Cuclamen) (Viola), (Primula), (Muscari) , , 2) Licaena. - , , : (Anchusa), - (Echinospermum) (Alyssum). - , , - , , -

    1 . .. VII .

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    - , , - . , - , , , : . - , -

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    , - , - , , , . , .

    6 . - . - , , - . - 1000 ., , 2636 . 3. , , (RhododendronCaucasicum) , . , , . , , - , , . - , ,

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    3 ,

    . . , . 32.

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    116

    . , Solaginella - . - , (Sanicula), (Circaea),

    - (Epilobium), , , (Scutellaria), (Valeriana) - Salvia glutinosa.

    , , - . , - 11 , , - , , - 5, . , -; , . - : (Wickler) , - . - - - . , , , . , , , . - , ,

    , 2700 . (. ), . -, , - , , -

    5 : Melanagria Galatea L., M. Clotho Hbn; Argynnis Dia L., Arg.

    Euphrosyne L., A. Adippe L., A. Aglaja, L., Melitaea Cinxia L., M. Trivia W. V., M. Athalia Esp., ColiasMyrmidonia Esp., Pararga Maera L. etc.

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    . - . , . - ,

    . 9- . - , ; : ., , ; , -, - -, . -, -, - --. - . , - (4178 .), - . (Alnus glutinosa) - , - , (Abies orientalis), (Pinussylvestris). , , .

    16- -. - -,. ; , , - . -; ;

    , - . , - ( ), . . . - (Hipparchien), , , Apollo, , - . -

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    119

    6000 . , - (Buprestiden), , , , . -- , -

    . , , . , , , , . -(Carabus) Cychrus, - ; , . - - . - (Epilobium angustifolium), - , , , , - . , , , , (SpiraeaAruncus) . - , , 6, 7109 . , . - , -; --

    . - . , , , , , - -, -

    6 Barometr. Hhenbestim., III,. 15, N79.

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    , - , . , .

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    ; - (Buxus). , , - . (Hypericum), (Scrophulariae) -

    7

    L. . . . . I, . 12, . 366.

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    , - ; , (Vaccinium Arctostaphylos) - , , (GentianaAsclepiadea L.) . (Unterholz)

    , , (Cornus), (Crataegus), (Viburnum orientale), (Lonicera), (Corylus) (Azalea pontica). ; - .-. , (Carpinum) (Ulmus), - , , - Xanthium spinosum (Centaurea), . - .-. -, , . - . , -, - , , - , - , . - . 17- .-. - -. , - , -

    . , , - (Zelkowa crenata); (Diospyros), - . - , , , . - , (Pyrus torminalis Ehrh.).

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    , - ; , - . -

    , . . 22 . - , . . , , ( ). , , . , . , , ; , 8, (, , ), . -; . , - , - , - ; , . - -

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    8L. c. . . . I., . 528 .

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    123

    (Diospyros) , . , ., , .

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    , (Pteris)10

    ; -

    9 ,

    . , , , , . .10

    Pteris aquilina, L.

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    ( ), . (.. ), , , . , -

    , , . o -. ; , - , , 10-20 , , . , , . - . . - o , , , - . - . - : , , - , - .

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    . , - . . - . - ; . , . - ,

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    - : -. -: , , -

    , , , - , (Smilax) (Clematis). - , -. , - (Crataegus) -(Paliurus). Asparagus , Smilax, , - ; - . , , , , . - - . - Smilax 50-60 . , - , , , . , - , , - , , . - Bignonia Catalpa , 3

    Pavlownia; - , , - , . , .. - , , (Diospyros lotus) (Pterocarpa caucasica); - - , , , ,

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    , , . , , (Pteris), -

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    127

    , . .

    26 28

    . , - , , - -. , , - . , - - , - , , . . , : . - , .. , . , , ; . : - . , - . 27 , - . , . , - , , - , , - , . ,

    . , , - , . - . 11 ,

    11Description gographique de la Georgie de Vacouscht, etc. par Brosset, pag. 401.

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    128

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    . ; , - -, - . 28 ; , -- -. , , - - , . , - . , . ; - , . - , , . , - -, , . , - , -

    . - 29 . , , - .

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    - . - , . - . - , . - , ; -

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    130

    ; , , -- .

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    , . - , . 1568 . , 2 , 500. () -

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    131

    .-.-. . - ,

    , 1865 - . . .

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    - .

    52

    . 1142 . 1142 . 22 .

    12 . 12 1431 289 24

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    -. 10 3656 1069 106

    -.

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    - .

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    (Kluchra) (Ashchakaiku) - ; -

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    - .

    2- - ,

    3- . 18 - 20 . . -- ; , , , , . , , - 12 , . , , - . , , , . - . , , . . . 4000 . - - . , . - . , - ( ),

    , . - , , ; - , , 1142. . , -

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    133

    . - . (Otschomuqua) - ,

    . , - - , : ; , . : () , . , - - , , , - , , 24 20 , , , - . - , - ; 4 9 . . , , ; , - . , . . - .

    , . , , , - . , , , - ; . ;

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    134

    ( ) , - - . - , .

    , , -, , , . , - -. , - - , , -; 1300 . . - . - , , - , . - . : -, , -, , . - , - . , ; -, , , , - , . 1864 -

    - , 24 , , .

    , - . 3 , , -

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    135

    , , -, . -- , ,

    . - . . , ( ) , - . , , - , . , , - , - , , : . , , , 4 - , . -. - (coronilla, vitia), Dorycnium (Trifolium). , , . 1700 . - . 5 , ,

    , - . , , - - - , , -

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    136

    . - - , (Fafiosarto), . , 2587 . .

    , . , , . . 6000 ., , - . , , - -!... -5453 . . . - . , - . - ( ); - , - . -. , , . - . -

    13

    , , - , , , . , 6-7 . . -

    13

    - abies orientalis.

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    137

    , , ; - , - .

    . , , -, , . - ; , , . , , 60 -, . - . - . , 5- - , . - . , - , , - , -. , - 3656 . . - , , - . , - , . ,

    . , - . - 80 .

    6- . - 6000 ., - . . ,

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    138

    , . , , , -.

    . ; - , -, , - . , . , . - -, . (Saxifraga Sibirica L.) . , - . , , , , . 10 , , . - , , , . - , - . , 1 . ; -

    . , - . 10 , , . , , - . , - - ( ).

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    139

    ; . - 6000 .; -

    - Ranunculus subtilis Trautv.14

    , , , - , 7048 . 12 . - ; - . , 5 9617. . : Campanula Bibersteiniana R. et Sch., Saxifraga, Androsace, Sedum,Primula ..; . , , , , , -.

    , -- , . , -. 14,000 . . , , , , . ,

    - , , . - , . - 14

    . . . VII, . . . . 216 ( -).

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    140

    - ; . - - . -

    8 , , 14 , . . , , , - .

    , , - , . ; - , , . - . , , 7722 . , , , : , - (potentilla) , - (carex) (Luzula), . - - , - , . . -

    . , - , , ; , . , , - . . 2 , -

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    141

    - . , . -

    . - . . , . , (P. sylvestris) (7722 .). 1000 . , . - -. , . , -, 7324 . , , . - . , , , --, . -; - , - -

    . , , -, , , () , , - , - , . - , . -

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    142

    , , , , , - , ,7722 ., , . -

    ( ) 6324. , , 350 . . - 12 . - 5453 . ; , 72,6 . . 12 -, , -15, 4671 . , , 68,5 . . (2587 .) . . , , - : , - . ( ), - ( , - ,).

    - , , , -

    , . - . , , , , .

    15 , -

    . , 40 . .

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    143

    . ; ., , ; 24 (

    ) . , ,, , - . - . ,, , , , - . - , . - , - . -; . , , -, .

    , , -, ; , , , .; -. , , , , , ,

    , , , ; , , , . - - 16.

    16 ( ),

    , ,

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    7 , , -, , . - , ,

    . , -, , , , - . , , -, , , - - . - - , , -, . , 10- 2 . , -, . - - , , , , . , , -- . . , , , , , - , . . - , . 9- - . . ; - , -

    . - (Fregilus Graculus), - . - ; , . , , , -

    . 12 .

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    . . - , - . -, .. . , , -

    , . (Urschihumo ), . - . - -, 6,500 . , - , (Spermophilus musicus Mentr.), . , : , , , . . - - , , . , 10 , - , , . -, , ; - - , - . : - . . Salvia canescens ( , -) (Aconitum Anthora), . - - (- ) . ,

    , -. 7058 . . - .

    10 . , , . , - , -

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    , , , , - -, -, 11 . -, ,

    , -, - , , . - , 8 - -. - , , 3 , . . , , . . - , ; - , , . , - . , - -. (Turdus torquatus) 17, 75009000 . , ; . , -

    , 5,000 .; , , , -(Paliurus). : Turdus pilaris T. viscivorus.

    17 .

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    - - ; - , - , -

    , , ( - , , ) - ( -, ).

    . ; . - , , -. , , ; - . -; , , - , , , , . - . - . , 9500 -. - - . , . - - (Pedicularis) . -- , - Saxifragaflagellaris, . (Alsine) (Cerastium) , . (Draba carba) ,

    (Lamium) . , - . , , , 12.345 - . 12.000 - Cerastium purpurascens

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    148

    Adam. (Lamium tomentosum W.). - ( , , - , -, ) -

    - . , , - , , 10.000 . , -, . , , , .

    - , - , -. , . . ; , , , - - , , , . , , . . , -, , . , , ,

    ; . -- . , - . -- . .

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    149

    , - . . 1 . . , - -

    . 2 . - . 4.259 . . . - . - - , , - - - . - Delphinium caucasicum C. A.M., 18. 4 , . . , , , -. , - , . , , . . -, , - , , 19 ( ), - , . - . , -

    , -. .

    18 29 , , 12

    , ; , .19

    , .

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    150

    10- . - -, ,

    . - 18,000 . , , -, ; 10 12 . ; , 11 , , - , - . , 1828 - , - . . , , , . .

    .

    ________

    , VIII, , 1873, . 146

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    .

    ______

    VIII,

    ,

    . . .

    ______

    ( 10 ).

    . :

    .1873.

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    - . 1867 .

    ________

    : . . . - . --. . . -. -. . . . - . . . . - 11- 4 ; -. . . . . - . . -.

    , - , , -

    , , . - , , , , - ; -- , , itrus, - , , - . , - .

    , , - . - , : - , , - , , , .

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    , , , - . - - .

    , , -- -, , . -, 5000 6500 . . .., , , , , - . , , ( ) , ; , . , , - , , - . , , ; - , . - . , , - , . - , ,

    , - , . - , , -. - . , -

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    , . - -.; . , -

    , , , - , 5000 7000 ... - - ; - , , 10,000 , , . , , , ( ) ( - - ). , , , , , - , - . : , , - , - . - , , -, , . , . - , , - . , ; . , -

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    155

    ; , , , , - , .

    . , ( ); . - , - , . : -, .

    -, 1867- . , , -, , , -. - , , - 2 , ( ) , - , -. , ( - ), - , . 1 1843

    . - , . -, - - -, --

    1 Wanderungen im Oriente, Band II, SS. 200 ff.

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    156

    ; , , , .

    , , , , - . , , , - : -, .. - ; - , -, .. ; - . , , , - , .

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    : -. , 1853 . -, , - . ,

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    , - . - - : -- . ,

    (Cyprinus mystaceus, Capito Fundulus chalybatus,Pall.), 2. (Salmo Fario) - . , , , -, , - , . -, ; , , , --. - - , , , . , , , , . , , - , , - , , , , . - ; 1850 - . ( ). - , , -

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    (., . III, . 291 .) -.

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    . , , . (-, . ), -

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