North Turkey Creek Watershed. Watershed (Drainage Basin) The area of land that is drained by a river...

North Turkey North Turkey Creek Creek

WatershedWatershed

Watershed (Drainage Watershed (Drainage Basin)Basin)

The area of land that is The area of land that is drained by a river and its drained by a river and its

tributaries.tributaries.

Surrounded by higher Surrounded by higher terrain referred to as terrain referred to as

““dividesdivides””..

Water BudgetWater Budget

The amount of water put into a The amount of water put into a watershed minus the amount watershed minus the amount

of water taken out.of water taken out.

Input – Outtakes = Water Input – Outtakes = Water BudgetBudget

Water Budget for N. Turkey Water Budget for N. Turkey CreekCreek

• InputInput


• Input – PrecipitationInput – Precipitation



• Outtakes – Outtakes –



• Outtakes – Outtakes – 1.1. EvapotranspirationEvapotranspiration

2.2. RunoffRunoff

3.3. GroundwaterGroundwater


+ Precipitation = 24 inches per year (2 + Precipitation = 24 inches per year (2 ft)ft)

- Evaporation = 82%Evaporation = 82%

- Runoff = 8.1%Runoff = 8.1%

- Groundwater = 9.9%Groundwater = 9.9%

The North Turkey Creek The North Turkey Creek WatershedWatershed

• 5000 homes5000 homes

• 95% use wells95% use wells

• From 1998 – 2001, the USGS studied From 1998 – 2001, the USGS studied this watershed to try to determine this watershed to try to determine the impacts of people on surface and the impacts of people on surface and ground water through – ground water through – – Watershed mappingWatershed mapping– Determining a “Determining a “Water BudgetWater Budget””

North Turkey Creek North Turkey Creek WatershedWatershed

Step 1Step 1

Calculate how big the Watershed Calculate how big the Watershed isis

• Outline the watershedOutline the watershed

• Count how many squares are insideCount how many squares are inside


• Find the map scaleFind the map scale

• Determine the number of square miles Determine the number of square miles within the watershed areawithin the watershed area

1,393,920,000 ft2

1.39 x 109 ft2


Step 2: Step 2:

Determine how much water we Determine how much water we receivereceive

1.39 x 101.39 x 1099 ft ft22 x 2 ft of precipitationx 2 ft of precipitation

1.39 x 101.39 x 1099 ft ft22 x 2 ft = x 2 ft =


1.39 x 101.39 x 1099 ft ft22 x 2 ft = x 2 ft =

2.788 x 102.788 x 1099 ftft33

of water each of water each yearyear


1.39 x 101.39 x 1099 ft ft22 x 2 ft = x 2 ft =

2.788 x 102.788 x 1099 ft ft33

of water each yearof water each year

How many gallons is this?How many gallons is this?


2.788 x 102.788 x 1099 ft ft33 x 7.5 gal/ft x 7.5 gal/ft33 = =


2.788 x 102.788 x 1099 ft ft33 x 7.5 gal/ft x 7.5 gal/ft33 = =

2.091x 102.091x 1010 10

gallonsgallons


Step 3: Step 3:

Determine how this water is usedDetermine how this water is used


Step 3: Step 3:


EvapotranspirationEvapotranspiration = =

2.091x 102.091x 1010 10 gallons of water x 82% = gallons of water x 82% =


Step 3: Step 3: Determine how this water is usedDetermine how this water is used

EvapotranspirationEvapotranspiration = =

2.091x 102.091x 1010 10 gallons of water x 82% gallons of water x 82% ==1.7 x 101.7 x 1010 10 gallonsgallons


Step 3: Step 3:


RunoffRunoff = =

2.091x 102.091x 1010 10 gallons of water x 8.1% = gallons of water x 8.1% =



RunoffRunoff = =


1.69 x 101.69 x 1099 gallons gallons


Step 3: Step 3:


GroundwaterGroundwater = =




GroundwaterGroundwater = =

2.091x 102.091x 1010 10 gallons of water x 9.9% = gallons of water x 9.9% = 2.07 x 102.07 x 109 9 gallonsgallons


1.1. Evapotranspiration = Evapotranspiration = 1.7 x 101.7 x 1010 10

gallonsgallons

2.2. Runoff = Runoff = 1.69 x 101.69 x 1099 gallons gallons

3.3. Groundwater = Groundwater = 2.07 x 102.07 x 109 9 gallonsgallons

How much water do we How much water do we use?use?

The average American uses how many The average American uses how many gallons of water each day?gallons of water each day?

100 gallons!!100 gallons!!

How much water do people How much water do people take out of the watershed?take out of the watershed?

Population of North Turkey Creek = 5000 homesPopulation of North Turkey Creek = 5000 homes

A.A.Estimate the number of Estimate the number of people/householdpeople/household2.4 x 5000 = 12,000 people2.4 x 5000 = 12,000 people

B.B.Calculate the amount of water used by Calculate the amount of water used by all the people in the areaall the people in the area

12,000 x 100 gal/day = 1,200,000 gal/day12,000 x 100 gal/day = 1,200,000 gal/day

c.c.Calculate total/yearCalculate total/year

1.2 million gal/day x 365 = 438,000,000 gal/yr1.2 million gal/day x 365 = 438,000,000 gal/yr

Total water used each year in Total water used each year in the North Turkey Creek the North Turkey Creek

watershed:watershed:

438,000,000 gallons 438,000,000 gallons of water per yearof water per year

And this water comes from wells And this water comes from wells extracting groundwater.extracting groundwater.

Is there enough ground water to meet Is there enough ground water to meet this need?this need?

Water Demand = Water Demand = 438,000,000 gallons/year438,000,000 gallons/year

Vs.Vs.

Groundwater Supply = Groundwater Supply =

2,070,000,000 gallons/year2,070,000,000 gallons/year

This means there is enough This means there is enough water! So,…water! So,…

•Where is the water coming from?Where is the water coming from?– Stored groundwater - 10’s to 100’s of years Stored groundwater - 10’s to 100’s of years

oldold– Septic Leachate (we will get into this more Septic Leachate (we will get into this more

later)later)

•What happens if thereWhat happens if there’’s a drought?s a drought?- Precipitation & Runoff decreasePrecipitation & Runoff decrease- Evapotranspiration increaseEvapotranspiration increase- Amount of groundwater will decreaseAmount of groundwater will decrease- Amount of groundwater used will ????Amount of groundwater used will ????

During the 2000-2002 During the 2000-2002 drought…drought…

• Amount of precipitation dropped to Amount of precipitation dropped to

6 in/yr6 in/yr!!

During the 2000-2002 During the 2000-2002 drought…drought…

• Amount of precipitation dropped to 6 Amount of precipitation dropped to 6 in/yr!in/yr!

• The groundwater systems would The groundwater systems would receivereceive

517,522,500 gallons/year517,522,500 gallons/year

5.18 x 105.18 x 1088 gal/yr gal/yr

Let’s Compare…Let’s Compare…

Average Annual

Precipitation

Drought Year Precipitation

Precipitation (in) 24 6

Total Water (gal) 20,910,000,000 5,227,500,000

Evapotranspiration (gal)

17,000,000,000 4,286,550,000

Runoff (gal) 1,690,000,000 428,655,000

Groundwater Recharge (gal)

2,070,000,000 517,522,500

Cause & Effect:Cause & Effect:• Less water to support vegetation Less water to support vegetation

FIRESFIRES

• Less water in streams Less water in streams Fish Die-offs Fish Die-offs

• Less groundwater Less groundwater wells dry up wells dry up

Other things to think Other things to think about…about…

1.1.Increasing PopulationIncreasing Population2.2.Changes in Water useChanges in Water use3.3.Water rights ownershipWater rights ownership4.4. ConservationConservation

North Turkey Creek Watershed. Watershed (Drainage Basin) The area of land that is drained by a river...

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