Norms are class 7 tdg regulated
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Transcript of Norms are class 7 tdg regulated
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NORMS are Class 7 TDG Regulated
Which means you must be trained to ship or handles these materials
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The key in DANGEROUS GOODS• Once classified by the
shipper as a dangerous good and NORMS must be measure to be a dangerous good by the reading on radiation meter YOU NOW HAVE A CLASS 7 CHEMICAL AS DEFINED UNDER THE LEGISLATION!
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Key Objectives
• Understand the Transportation of Dangerous Goods requirements for Class 7 Radioactive Packages.
• Identify the requirements for packaging radioactive material for Class 7 shipment.
• Identify the documentation required for Class 7 shipments.
• State the differences between ground and air requirements for Class 7 packages.
• Understand the classification, different package limits and shipping requirements for radioactive packages.
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Norms and Class 7
In Canada and the USA TDG/HAZMAT Class Seven regulated Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) is material found in the environment that contains radioactive elements of natural origin, ( which means you must have TDG training for your staff and when hauled to site. But are you exempt from law from having a RSO on site?
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Once classified that’s where the law changes to must be trained
• All minerals and raw materials contain radionuclides of natural origin. The most important for the purposes of radiation protection are the radionuclides in the U-238 and Th-232 decay series.
• For most human activities involving minerals and raw materials, the levels of exposure to these radionuclides are not significantly greater than normal background levels and are not of concern for radiation protection. However, certain work activities can give rise to significantly enhanced exposures that may need to be controlled by regulation. Material giving rise to these enhanced exposures has become known as naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM).
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Correct Labels
radiation warningshipping addresspacking documents
Identified Activity LimitsCorrect Package Type
Excepted PackageType A Package
Tamper proof seal
Shipping Requirements
All shippers are required to meet the following conditions for a package
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Understand the basic requirements of the regulations governing the transport of radioactive material.
Regulatory Requirements
Transport is Governed by:
Safety Series on the Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material (International Atomic Energy Agency)
Packaging and Transport of Nuclear Substances Regulations(Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission)
TDG Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (Clear Language)(Transport Canada)
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Training required for people who offer for transport or transport dangerous goods
Training provides information necessary to enable employee to do the job
CDHA MS Clip Art File
Training
CertificateValid 3 years (ground), 2 years (air)Signed by employer and employeeProduced on request by inspector
Note that your certificate must be signed
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There are nine classes of Dangerous Goods
Class 1 – ExplosivesClass 2 – GasesClass 3 – Flammable LiquidsClass 4 – Flammable SolidsClass 5 – Oxidizing SubstancesClass 6 – Poisonous/ InfectiousClass 7 – RadioactiveClass 8 – CorrosiveClass 9 – Miscellaneous
Package Type
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Radioactive Material is Class 7
There are no packing groups or risk groups for this classification.
Package Type
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Class 7 is always a primary class
Primary Class labels on packages take precedence over all other classes
…except 2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.1, 5.2, 6.2
…but labels for these and Class 7 must be used together as all are considered primary classes
Generally, radioactive packages would not need any other label as the other primary classes are rarely present in radioactive
packages.
Package Type
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The first question to ask, when shipping radioactive material is...
“Do I need to follow the regulations?”
There are few exceptions and virtually all radioactive material used in a hospital setting would fall under the Class 7 Transport of Dangerous Goods Regulations.
Package Type
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You do not need to follow the regulations if you are shipping radioactive material......
Over private roads with controlled access [none shipped at the hospital]
As substance in a human or animal (<10-6A2/kg) [injected patients and animals exempt]
Substance contained in consumer product [none shipped at the hospital]
As Natural ore (<10xA2) [none shipped at the hospital]
Within private property [between buildings at VG exempt .... NOT between sites]
Exempt amounts (generally < 70 Bq/g) or less than 10 MBq (270µCi) of 99mTc!
[thus virtually every radioactive shipment must follow the TDG regulations]
Substance in animal tissue or remains (<10-6A2/kg) [any organ or tissue samples exempt]
Package Type
Do I need to follow the regulations?
The next thing to check is to see if your package is exempt by activity
levels.
CDHA MS Clip Art File
Package Type
If your activity is less than TDG or CNSC stated limits then you do not have to follow Class 7 Regulations
Exemption Limits for Selected Radionuclides Used in Medicine For radionuclides not listed consult regulations or contact the radiation safety office
Radionuclide Transport Canada
TDG Clear Language Limits Material
(Bq/g)
CNSC and IAEA Exemption Limits
Material (Bq/g)
CNSC and IAEA Exemption Limits for
a Package (Mq)
Carbon 14 70 10,000 10 Cesium 137 70 10 0.01 Chromium 51 70 1,000 10 Cobalt 57 70 100 1 Cobalt 58 70 10 1 Gallium 67 70 100 1 Indium 111 70 100 1 Iodine 123 70 100 10 Iodine 125 70 1,000 1 Iodine 131 70 100 1 Molybdenum 99 70 100 1 Phosphorous 32 70 1,000 0.1 Phosphorous 33 70 100,000 100 Sulphur 35 70 100,000 100 Technetium99m 70 100 10 Thallium 201 70 100 1 Yttrium 90 70 1,000 0.1
Virtually nothing is less so all hospital shipments must follow TDG Class 7 Regulations.
Package Type
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If it is not exempt....then is it a radioactive package so determine if it should be....
Excepted or Type A?To determine the package type you have to....
Check item activity limits
Differentiate between Liquid or solid
Categorize as Instrument or materialKnow the A2 values
Determine if Surface Dose Rate <5 µSv/hr
Package Type
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Example: Activity Limit is 10-4 the A2 Value for liquid. If activity is over this then it has to go as Type A package.
Activity Limit for
Excepted Packages
is:
(from IAEA SS TS-R-1)
Package Type
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Use different activity limits
if you are shipping
instruments
(from IAEA SS TS-R-1)
Use different activity limits for solids versus liquids
Package Type
Limited Activity Cutoff
Examples of various Excepted or Type A package limitsRefer to your department reference book for limits.
Cut-off Limits for Selected Radionuclides Used in Medicine
Radionuclide A2(TBq)
Excepted Package Limits
Liquid Form 10-4A2(MBq)
Excepted Package Limits
Solid Form 10-3A2(GBq)
Type A Package Limits A2
(GBq)
Cs137, F18, Mo99 0.6 60 0.6 600
Cobalt 57 10 1000 10 10,000
C14, Ga67, In111 3 300 3 3,000
Iodine 123/125 3 300 3 3,000
Iodine 131 0.7 70 0.7 700
Phosphorous 32 0.5 50 0.5 500
Technetium99m 4 400 4 4,000
Thallium 201 4 400 4 4,000
Yttrium 90 0.3 30 0.3 300
Package Type
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B(i)∑ A1(i)
C(j)
A2(j)∑+ ≤ 1
B = special form activityA1 = special form valueC = other form activityA2 = other form value
Mixtures of Nuclides in same package
Sum of Nuclide Activities/A1 and 2 values should be < 1
Hospital shipments rarely require this calculation
Package Type
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The Empty Package
If the package previously contained radioactivity you can have
β and residual activity up to 100 x 4Bq/cm2 over 300cm2 [120kBq or
3.2uCi]
You can ship empty without labels but you still need shipping document,
UN identification 2908 and the wording
‘Radioactive Material, Excepted Package, Empty Packaging’
Package Type
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The Empty Package
If nothing is in the package and you document that any β / contamination is below the limits
(4Bq/cm2 over 300cm2)
then it can go as a regular non TDG package.
Package Type
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The Shipping Container
The Shipping Container must follow strict design requirements
AND
Departments must have a copy of the shipping container certificate of testing
Packaging
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Key Point 1Need certificate for shipping container
The certificate verifies the container has met the International Atomic Energy Agency standard to ensure the container can
withstand normal transport conditions.
Examples of the testing includes water spray, free drop, stacking and penetration.
It is the responsibility of the manufacturer of the container to ensure the testing is completed.
Packaging
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Key points…
Label must be on 2 opposite sides of package
Minimum size 100mm
Type of label depends package surface radiation dose rates
Key Point 2Appropriate Labels (Excepted, White I, Yellow II or III)
I White II Yellow III Yellow
Packaging
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Key points…
Measure radiation dose rate at the package surface and use correct
label
Key Point 3Radiation Level at Surface and 1 metre
I White II Yellow III Yellow
<5uSv/hr 5-500uSv/hr 500-2000uSv/hr
Packaging
Measure radiation dose rate at 1 meter for Yellow II and III for
transport index (dose at 1 m in uSv/hr÷10)
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Key points…
The package must state that it is a Type A or Excepted package AND have the correct UN number assigned from the
International Atomic Energy Agency standard
Key Point 4UN identification and Package Type
The most common used are: Empty: UN 2908Excepted: UN 2910Type A: UN 2915
Packaging
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Key points…Key Point 5Emergency Response Guide Number
The emergency response guide number is used by emergency responders to reference the response required in the event of
an accident.
The most common used are:ERG # 161ERG # 163
Packaging ( also see the 2016 guide book )
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Key points…
Some means of allowing the receiver to know if the package may have been tampered with during transport
Key Point 6Tamper Evident Seal
CDHA Photo
This could be tape seal, packing tape, wire seal or
some other device.
Packaging
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UN Identificationnext to package labelERG # on Package and
Documents
Transport Index at 1 m from surface
(Sv 10)or
(mSv x 100)
Radiation Level at surface
use higher of surface or 1m to determine
label
Label Required on package 2 on opposite sides not on sides the package rests on
or will be stacked on. minimum 100mm per side
Category
UN 2910 ERG # 161none<5 Sv/hr
None outsideWarning inside with word ‘radioactive’ visible when
package opened
Excepted
UN 2915RADIOACTIVE
MATERIAL, TYPE A PACKAGEERG # 163
none<5 Sv/hralso nuclide name/symbol or
most restrictive of mixture and activity
I White
UN 2915RADIOACTIVE
MATERIAL, TYPE A PACKAGEERG # 163
<1if <0.05 can
be listed as 0
5 Sv/hr to
500 Sv/hr
also nuclide name/symbol or most restrictive of mixture, activity and transport index
II Yellow
UN 2915RADIOACTIVE
MATERIAL, TYPE A PACKAGEERG # 163
1-10500 Sv/hr
to 2 mSv/hr
also nuclide name/symbol or most restrictive of mixture, activity and transport index
III Yellow
Packaging Summary
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Vehicle Placards(placed on all four sides of the vehicle)
Only required for Yellow III package shipments but it is the responsibility of the shipper (sender/consignor) to provide four of
them to the transport carrier each time.
Some carriers have a supply so may not request them. You should have a supply just in case if shipping Yellow III packages.
Packaging
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Special Labels
Packages may require additional labels if they belong to another
dangerous goods category such as blood products (biohazard) or are
liquids and require a specific package orientation.
Packaging
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Contamination Limits
4 Bq/cm2 for and 0.4 Bq/cm2 for
Averaged over 300 cm2
Packaging
So… 4 x 300 = 1200 Bq for efficiency determinations
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Three Copies of Shipper’s Declaration need to be prepared
Name & address of shipper and receiver
ID number of shipment, number of pages & date
Type & number of placards (or ‘no placards required’)
One for Shipper (consignor), Carrier, Receiver (consignee)
Required information
Documentation
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Description of Dangerous Goods in order of...
Shipping name (upper case listed in regulations)
Primary Class (Class 7)
UN Number
Special Instructions or a statement that none are needed
Required information continued
Documentation
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Quantity & units of goods
Number, name and category of package
Transport index
Emergency Response Guide number
Required information continued
Documentation
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Required information continued….
A 24 hour number that technical information can be obtained without breaking the telephone connection of the caller.
Signature of Shipper
Required information continued
Documentation
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Required information continued….
Declaration: As defined in Transport of Dangerous Goods Regulations
Required information continued
I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and accurately described above by the proper shipping name and are classified, packed, marked and labeled, and are in all respects in proper condition for transport according to applicable international and national governmental regulations.
Documentation
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CDHA Photo
Shippers are required to package and provide the following for each Class 7 shipment.
Package Type UN number
Exceptedor
Type A
Approved Shipping ContainerIdentified Isotopes and Activity Limits
Tamper evident seal
Radiation warningPacking documents
Shipping address
The Final Package
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Requirements of Receiving RecordDate Packaged ReceivedName of SupplierName of ShipperShipping Document Number
Inventory EntryIsotope Name, Activity, Chemical Form, Lot Number.Results of Receiving Inspection
Requirements of Shipping RecordCopy of Shippers Declaration
Record Retention: Two years after the date on which the packaging occurs
Record Keeping
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Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP)..only if index number is listed in schedule 1 TDG regs
24 hour contact number during shipment…and
unbroken contact to person calling
Reports to CNSC (tampering, leaking, damaged, lost, stolen)
Immediate preliminary & full within 21 days
Emergencies
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Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. Citing Websites. Packaging and Transport Regulations . In Acts and Regulations. Retrieved September 1, 2011 from http://nuclearsafety.gc.ca/eng/lawsregs/actsregulations/index.cfm
Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. INFO Document 0426 rev1 Identifying and Opening Radioactive Packages: Ottawa: Author.
International Atomic Energy Agency. (2009). Regulations for the Safety Transport of Radioactive Material No. TS-R-1. Vienna: Author.
References