NOOR HAFIZAH BINTI SABRI

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PI IBADAH FORM 3 MOBILE APP NOOR HAFIZAH BINTI SABRI BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (INFORMATICS MEDIA) WITH HONOURS UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN 2019

Transcript of NOOR HAFIZAH BINTI SABRI

PI IBADAH FORM 3 MOBILE APP

NOOR HAFIZAH BINTI SABRI

BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(INFORMATICS MEDIA) WITH HONOURS

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

2019

PI IBADAH FORM 3 MOBILE APP

NOOR HAFIZAH BINTI SABRI

BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(INFORMATICS MEDIA) WITH HONOURS

FACULTY OF INFORMATIC AND COMPUTING

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

2019

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DECLARATION

I, Noor Hafizah Sabri declare that this report is based on my original work except for the

quotation and citation, which have duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been

previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal

Abidin or other institutions.

______________________________

Name : Noor Hafizah Binti Sabri

Date :……………………………

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CONFIRMATION

This is to confirm that this project report entitle PI IBADAH FORM 3 MOBILE APP was

prepared and submitted by Noor Hafizah Binti Sabri, matric number BTDL16044045 was

under my supervision.

_________________________________

Name :Encik Tolahah Bin Muda

Date :.…………………………………

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DEDICATION

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim, Alhamdulillah, Thanks to Allah, for giving me an opportunity

to complete my Final Year Project entitle PI IBADAH FORM 3 MOBILE APP. Firstly, I

would like to thank to my supervisor, Encik Tolahah Bin Muda for his guidance and

support. I also want to thank to all panels for the comment and suggestion on this project.

Lastly, I want to thank my parent and friends that support and helping me in completing

this project.

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ABSTRAK

Pada masa kini, penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran sangat penting bagi setiap

pelajar untuk pelajar lebih memahami dan mengingati dalam pembelajaran mereka.

Namun kurangnya penggunaan teknologi dalam subjek pendidikan islam khusus untuk

pelajar tingkatan 3 untuk pelajar lebih memahami subjek tersebut. Walau bagaimanapun,

subjek Pendidikan Islam amat penting bagi para pelajar tingkatan 3 untuk mereka

menghadapi peperiksaan dan pada masa yang sama juga supaya mereka dapat aplikasikan

pembelajaran tersebut dalam kehidupan harian mereka. Pelbagai software yang

digunakan dalam membangunkan aplikasi tersebut antaranya ialah adobe flash, adobe

photoshop, adobe audition dan banyak lagi.

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ABSTRACT

Nowadays, the use of technology in learning is very important for every student to

understand and remember in their learning. However, there are lack of use technology in

the subject of Islamic education is specific to form 3 students for students to better

understand the subject. However, Islamic Education subjects are very important for form 3

students to face examinations and at the same time they can apply the learning in their daily

lives. This application development uses adobe flash, adobe photoshop, adobe audition and

so on.

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CONTENTS

Page

DECLARATION i

CONFIRMATION ii

DEDICATION iii

ABSTRAK iv

ABSTRACT v

CONTENTS vi

LIST OF TABLES x

LIST OF FIGURES xi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Problem Statement 3

1.3 Objectives 3

1.4 Scope 4

1.5 Activities and Milestones 5

1.6 Expected Result 6

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 7

2.2 Project and Research 8

2.2.1 Research on application Waktu Solat Malaysia 8

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2.2.2 Research on application Memrise 10

2.2.3 Research on application Bank Soalan PT3 12

2.2.4 Research on application Cerdas Cermat Islami 14

2.2.5 Research on application Kuis Pendidikan Agama…. 16

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction 18

3.2 ADDIE Model 19

3.2.1 Analysis 20

3.2.2 Design 20

3.2.3 Development 21

3.2.4 Implementation 21

3.2.5 Evaluation 22

3.3 Application Requirement 23

3.3.1 Hardware 23

3.3.2 Software 23

3.4 Application Design 24

3.4.1 Application Framework 24

3.4.2 Storyboard 25

CHAPTER IV IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS

4.1 Introduction 30

4.2 Specification Authoring Of Multimedia Elements 31

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4.2.1 Button 31

4.2.2 Audio 31

4.2.3 Text 32

4.3 Software Implementation 33

4.3.1 Application Introduction 33

4.3.2 Home 34

4.3.3 Subtopic of Ibadah 35

4.3.4 Note of The Subtopic 36

4.3.5 Activity 38

4.3.6 Score of Each Subtopic 41

4.3.7 Overall Score 42

4.4 Testing and Result 43

4.4.1 Test Case 44

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION

5.1 Conclusion 48

5.2 Benefit Of The Project 49

5.3 Suggestion for Improvement 49

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REFERENCES 51

ATTACHMENT 53

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x

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

1.1 Activities and Milestone 5

4.1 Test Case for Successful of open and login the application 44

4.2 Test case for User view the information 45

4.3 Test case for user view scoreboard 47

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

2.1 Application Waktu Solat Malaysia 8

2.2 Application Memrise 10

2.3 Application Bank Soalan PT3 12

2.4 Application Cerdas Cermat Islami 14

2.5 Application Kuis Pendidikan Agama Islam… 16

3.1 ADDIE Model 19

3.2 Framework of application 24

3.3 Interface of app 25

3.4 Home 25

3.5 List of Subtopic 26

3.6 Note 1 26

3.7 Note 2 27

3.8 First Activity 27

3.9 Second Activity 28

3.10 Third Activity 28

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3.11 All Score 29

4.1 First Interface 33

4.2 Home Interface 34

4.3 Subtopic of Ibadah 35

4.4 Note 1 36

4.5 Note 2 37

4.6 Activity 1 38

4.7 Activity 2 39

4.8 Activity 3 40

4.9 Score for Each Subtopic 41

4.10 Overall Score 42

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

The use of technology nowadays has so much attention in our society. This is

because, technology plays an important role for every individual in their daily lives.

However, in terms of its use it is up for the individual whether to use it towards the

benefit or vice versa. For students, the use of technology in learning can attract student's

interest in a subject as well as students can better understand in any of these subjects.

Technology can be one of the teaching material that can help the teacher to teach their

student using that thing.

Mostly for academic subject, for example Mathematic, Science and so on, there are

so many courseware to help the student for that subject while they can release their

stress using that courseware. Unfortunately for religion subject, for example

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Pendidikan Islam, there are lack of courseware that focus on that subject that can attract

the student to enjoy and study through an application. Mostly the existing application,

it just scan the content on the book and put that in the application. There is problem also

in application where the information given are not based on the syllabus that they study

and it can make the student confuse with that information.

This PI Ibadah Form 3 courseware can help the student especially form 3 that take

the subject Pendidikan Islam for more understanding on the topic Ibadah where this

topic is one of the syllabus for their learning. This application also have entertainment

where the student can play the audio or video that are given and also play games to test

their knowledge on this topic. Besides student, teacher also can using this application

as one of their learning materials to teach their student with more fun.

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1.2 Problem Statement

There are not many applications that provide information on the teaching and

syllabus contained in the learning.

Students are less interested in just reading through textbooks

Difficult for student to search information about the learning via smartphone.

1.3 Objectives

The main objectives of this project are:

To study the syllabus in their lesson for information in that application.

To develop courseware that can help the student in their learning.

To design interesting application that can attract the user to use that application.

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1.4 Scope

The main scopes of the application:

1. Platform

just use the mobile phone platform (android)

2. Target user

Form 3

Teacher who need guidance to teach the student

3. Content

Focus on chapter Ibadah in Pendidikan Islam Form 3

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1.5 Activities and Milestone

Table 1.1 : Activities and Milestone

No. ACTIVITIES WEEK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1

0

1

1

1

2

1

3

1

4

1

5

1 Topic Confirmation & Discussion with Supervisor

2 Project Title Proposal

3 Submission of proposal

4 Preparation of Chapter1

1.1 Background

1.2 Problem Statement

1.3 Objectives

1.4 Scope

1.5 Limitation of work

1.6 Activities

1.7 Milestone

1.8 Expected result

5 Preparation of Chapter2

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Literature review

2.3 Research comparison

6 Proposal Progress Presentation & Evaluation

7 Discussion & Correction Proposal

8 Proposed Solution Methodology (Chapter 3)

3.1 Problem identification

3.2 Design conceptual model

3.2.1 Process model

3.2.2 Data model

3.3 Method

3.3.1 Formula/ Algorithm / technique

10 Proof of Concept– Develop prototype

11 Drafting Report of the Proposal

12 Submit draft of report to supervisor

13 Seminar Presentation & Final presentation

14 Correction Report

15 Final Report Submission

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1.6 Expected Result

To help teachers to make references so that the app becomes a teaching and

learning tool

Helping the student that not understand about their learning

So that the objective is to be achieved

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

Literature Review is a survey of an previous works such as research, website,

application or article that related to answer the related problems need to be introduced.

A work should be in the context of the project scope that covers on two perspective;

application problem and solution approach such as the theory (i.e. algorithm) or practice

(i.e. tool). In this project, the topic related are the application about education and their

content design and so on.

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2.2 Project and Research

2.2.1 Research on application Waktu Solat Malaysia

Figure 2.1 : Application Waktu Solat Malaysia

This application is developed to give a notification of adhan prayer for

muslims especially muslims in Malaysia. The user just need to turn on the GPS to

detect the location of the user due to different time of prayer for the application to

give the notification and information for the user.

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There is advantage where the user can know the time of prayer through the

notification without need to check on the calendar. However, there is also

disadvantages for using this application where the notification sometimes not

working, and the user not know what time for prayer.

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2.2.2 Research on application Memrise

Figure 2.2 : Application Memrise

This application is developed for those who want to learn new language.

There are many languages that the user can learn through that application as we can

see on the picture. To use this application, user need to register their account to

collect the point that they get through the activity that are given for the user.

The advantage for the user is they can learn many languages using this

application. Learning basic languages can help them to know the meaning of that

word and so on. there is also disadvantage which is in this application, they don’t

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use video to explain the meaning of some word to give user more understanding

and also can give entertainment for user to use that application.

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2.2.3 Research on application Bank Soalan PT3

Figure 2.3 : Application Bank Soalan PT3

This application are develop especially for student PT3, where in that

application there are all subject for student that take for PT3 examination. The

content on this application is short note every topic on the subject and also it have

the question that may be asking in the examination with the answer that can help

the student for their examination.

The advantage for the user to use this application is the student can get the

information through this application for each subject without using text book or any

book that are related. But there is also disadvantages where this application don’t

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use a lot of interactive that can attract the student interest to use the application. And

also, in this application they just give information based on the scan from the book

without any interaction on it.

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2.2.4 Research on application Cerdas Cermat Islami

Figure 2.4 : Application Cerdas Cermat Islami

This education application that contains quiz about related matters of

Islamic religion. For example quiz about prayer, fasting, zakat and many more. The

question are given with the many options of answer for the user to choose. There is

only one right answer for user need to choose. When the user get the right answer,

they will get one point for that question and then it will proceed for the next

question.

The advantage for using that application can attract the user to use that

application because that application have many things about Islamic religion and

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user can test their information about Islamic religion through that application. The

disadvantage of that application is just have activity on that application without give

any information beforehand. Then, the language are used in that application just

Indonesian language and it hard for other people in other country to use this

application.

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2.2.5 Research on application Kuis Pendidikan Agama Islam Seputar Idul Adha:Haji

Figure 2.5 : Application Kuis Pendidikan Agama Islam Seputar Idul Adha:Haji

This application is focus on the topic about hajj, umrah, qurban and solat

hari raya Idul Adha. This application just contains quizzes about the topics that

provided for this application. The user need to answer the question in a given time

for each question. The user are given life to answer the quiz. If the time is not

enough for the user to answer the quiz, the life will decrease and it will

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The advantage of using this application is it can help the user to test their

information about the topic especially hajj, umrah and so on. The disadvantage of

this application are it use just one activity which is quiz that can make the user easy

to get boring with just one activity. Then, the design of this application is just

regular design that cannot attract the user to use this application.

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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

In this chapter consist of what method that we want to use for how to manage the

project. A methodology is a model, which project managers employ for the design,

planning, implementation and achievement of their project objectives. There are different

project management methodologies to benefit different projects. For example waterfall

method, agile method, hybrid method and many others. Therefore the model has been

chosen. Each phase will be elaborated later in this chapter.

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3.2 ADDIE Model

This model is among the instructional design models that often become the basis of other

instructional design models. The phase that were involved in the ADDIE MODEL are:

Analysis

Design

Development

Implementation

Evaluation

Figure 3.1 : ADDIE Model

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3.2.1 Analysis

Before start developing any content in any application, you should analyze the current

application in terms of knowledge gaps etc. Start with of questions to understand the current

situation and to also understand what is the goal of that application itself. This is to ensure

the application of the game to be developed meets the needs of the actual user. Therefore,

in this phase several analyze have been implemented on various aspects. Among them are

analysis of user environments, analysis of users, identifying the purpose of this application

and so on.

3.2.2 Design

This phase is implemented after the requirement analysis process is completed. It explains

the overall view of the interface, structure, approach of this application, the type of media

and technology used. The development of this game application gets the right objective and

can be reached by the user after successfully completing the mission of this application.

The development of this game app also checks the way or method for this game to be easily

understood by the user.

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3.2.3 Development

This game app needs to be developed based on the design that has been designated through

the design phase. Development here refers to the process of developing or producing

software using existing applications such as programmers app, authoring, graphics, audio

and so on. In this development phase also, it uses any designs or designs agreed upon in the

design, for example:

Users are provided with help to prevent users from experiencing problems using

software.

Content in the game of the resulting game must be compatible with the level of

ability, age, background, user and so on.

Interesting stimuli such as multiple graphics, sound effects and so forth are provided

for users not to be tired of playing this game application.

3.2.4 Implementation

Application game "The Game Application for Phonic Technique in English" is ready to be

presented to test the effectiveness and see the unnoticed problems during the design and

development phase that may exist. This implementation phase is implemented by

presenting to providers and partners to meet the criteria set out in the analysis phase. From

the observations performed, the repair or recovery process will be implemented before the

application is actually issued or used officially.

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3.2.5 Evaluation

Evaluation involves the process of obtaining feedback from users on the content, strategies,

graphics, audio, interfaces and so forth contained in this game application either through

supervision, testing, questionnaires, and interviews and so on to ensure it is appropriate or

not to use.

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3.3 Application Requirement

3.3.1 Hardware

Laptop

Printer

Android Phone

USB Cable

3.3.2 Software

Android Studio

Adobe Flash

Java JDK

Notepad++

Adobe Photoshop

Adobe InDesign

Microsoft Office Word 2016

Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2016

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3.4 Application Design

3.4.1 Application Framework

Figure 3.2 : Framework of application

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3.4.2 Storyboard

Figure 3.3 : Interface of app

Figure 3.4 : Home

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Figure 3.5 : List of Subtopic

Figure 3.6 : Note 1

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Figure 3.7 : Note 2

Figure 3.8: First Activity

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Figure 3.9 : Second Activity

Figure 3.10 : Third Activity

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Figure 3.11 : All Score

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CHAPTER 4

IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS

4.1 Introduction

In this chapter contain of how this PI IBADAH FORM 3 mobile application were

developed and what are contains in this application from multimedia elements and the

source code that were used to make this application are function on its own. In addition,

this chapter also discuss about the final result that we can get from this application from it

start and till it finish.

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4.2 Specification Authoring Of Multimedia Elements

In this topic, it will show and describe the elements contained in this mobile

application such as buttons, audio, text, and so on. All the elements in this app are designed

by the developer themselves. The function of multimedia element in this project is to make

this application look more interactive for the user to use it without something that can make

the user boring when using this application.

4.2.1 Button

All the buttons available in this application and it will give a feedback when the

button is clicked. The buttons can be button for audio, button next, button home and many

more. The functionality of button plays important roles for this application because it can

give the interaction between user and this application.

4.2.2 Audio

In this application also contains audio on it. The function of audio in this

application is to make the user know about the niat solat- solat sunat and how to read it.

For example on subtopic Niat Solat Sunat Hajat, there is a button that contain audio on it

and when the user click on the button, they can hear the audio about Niat Solat Sunat Hajat.

At the same time, in activity also contain the audio when the user click on the right answer

it will sound the right answer and vice versa. Audio is inserted into the application

according to the suitability of the project being created.

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4.2.3 Text

The text that were used in this application can give the user better understanding

when use the application especially when they want to read the information are given about

the subtopic that they want on the notes for each subtopic.

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4.3 Software Implementation

In this topic, it will discuss about the PI IBADAH FORM 3 mobile application

interfaces that have in this application. At the same time, it also discuss about the flow of

this application from the start to the end of the application.

4.3.1 Application Introduction

Figure 4.1 : First interface

The first interface will display the project title which is Pendidikan Islam Ibadah

form 3. Next, there is also the blank space on it for the user to write their name to enter for

the next interface.

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4.3.2 Home

Figure 4.2 : Home Interface

After the user enter their name on the first interface, it will appear their name on

the top of home interface to show for the user that they are enter to that application. For the

home interface it shows the button for Subtopik and button for Markah for the user choose

between that button. For the user who is their first time on that application, they will choose

the Subtopik button because everything the information about the information of this

subject are on that.

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4.3.3 Subtopic of Ibadah

Figure 4.3 : Subtopic of Ibadah

In this figure show the subtopic of topic Ibadah where it have four subtopic on it.

When the user enter in this interface, they can choose whatever subtopic that they want to

get more information about every subtopic. At the same time, if the user want to go back

to the home, they can click on the home button that are located on top right on the interface.

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4.3.4 Note of The Subtopic

Figure 4.4 : Note of Subtopic (1)

In this figure it shows the note of the subtopic where it will give more detailed

about every subtopic for the user can get the information with easy way and easy to

understand. The use of font is important that can make the user see the information without

any problem of sight with using the font that user can read it.

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Figure 4.5 : Note of Subtopic (2)

For the next interface, it shows the information with the audio for the user can hear

it. In that interface also give the text about the audio for user can read it with the sound of

that audio. Mostly audio that have in this application are about the sound of Niat Solat-

Solat Sunat that need for the user to know how to read the information given. And in every

bottom right on interface of note, it have button next for the user to click on it after they got

the information and it will go to the activity for them to play with it.

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4.3.5 Activity

Figure 4.6 : Activity 1

In this figure shows the first activity after the user get the information after they

click on the next button and it will go to this interface which the first activity. The first

activity is a quiz where the user need to choose the right answer. It have the multiple choice

of answer where the user can click on the answer they want and the sound will be heard

either the answer is correct or wrong.

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Figure 4.7 : Activity 2

After user answer the activity 1, it will go to the interface activity 2. In this activity

also have multiple choice of answer where the user need to choose the right answer based

on the question given. When the user click on the answer that they choose, the answer will

appear above the long line in the middle of the interface.

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Figure 4.8 : Activity 3

This drag and drop activity need the user to drag the answer to the blank box that

are suitable for the sentence are given. This activity need the user understand the sentence

given before choose the answer.

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4.3.6 Score of Each Subtopic

Figure 4.9 : Score for each subtopic

In this interface show the score of the user get after finish all the activity are given

in that subtopic. After the user play all the activity on the subtopic, it will appear the

interface of score for example in that figure.

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4.3.7 Overall Score

Figure 4.10 : Overall score Based on The Subtopic

In this figure show the overall score of the user get from the activity that they have

played in each subtopic. This interface can be get when the user click the button

“MARKAH” on the home interface. The user can know their score of the activity in each

subtopic.

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4.4 Testing and Result

There are have three types of testing where the first one is unit testing, integration

testing and system testing. The reason why the system needed to be test is that to see

whether the system is fully functioning, free from any error and also meets the user

requirement. For unit testing, it’s needed to verify the functionality of specific code while

integration testing work to expose defects in the interface and the interaction between

components or between the modules. Moreover, end-to-end testing test to completely

integrated system to verify so that it will meet requirement.

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4.4.1 Test Case

Test case for successful of open and login the

application

Step Test Procedure Expected Result

1. Open the application of PI

IBADAH FORM 3

One button will

appears that are

“Enter” button

and have a input

button to put a

name of user on

it.

2. User enter the input button. User enter the

name on the blank

button.

3. User click Enter button Enter page is

loaded. Login

successful and

redirected to

home page

Table 4.1 : Test Case for Successful of open and login the application

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Test case for user view the information and activity

Step Test Procedure Expected Result

1. Home page view View two buttons.

There are

“SUBTOPIK” and

“MARKAH” button.

2. User click “SUBTOPIK”

button.

View page list of the

subtopic. There are

four subtopic on it

which are “Solat

Ketika Sakit”, “Solat

Sunat Aidilfitri &

Aidiladha”,”solat

sunat hajat” and “Solat

Sunat Tahajud”.

3. User click “Solat ketika

sakit” button.

It will view the

information of Solat

Ketika Sakit. The

meaning of it and

many more.

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4. User click “next” button. It will go to the activity

of the subtopic where

the user can play on it.

Table 4.2 : Test case for User view the information.

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Test case for view scoreboard.

Step Test Procedure Expected Result

1. Home page view View two buttons.

There are

“SUBTOPIK” and

“MARKAH”

button.

2. User click “MARKAH” button. Have table score

for whole games

as a summary and

button home

3. User click “Home” button. View the page

menu.

Table 4.3 : Test case for user view scoreboard.

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CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION FOR IMPROVEMENT

5.1 Conclusion

By the end of this study, PI IBADAH FORM 3 mobile application project is

expected that it can encourage the student especially student form 3 to learn the Pendidikan

Islam topic Ibadah with just using a mobile application as platform. For PI IBADAH

FORM 3 mobile application is provided the four subtopic of topic Ibadah with more

interactivity for the user to interact with this application. It have various kind of activity for

user to play with it. This mobile app also not focus on student to use it, but also for the

teacher who want to make their teaching more interesting and fun for student learn this

subject.

5.2 Benefit Of The Project

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The project mobile application entitled PI IBADAH FORM 3 can give a huge

contribution in helping the student's learning process. This is because it contains solid

learning with knowledge. This application helps student learn while playing with fun

content.

The benefit of this mobile application is:-

1. Interesting for student especially form 3.

2. Combines technology and education.

3. Helping student in the learning process.

4. To increase students knowledge of this subject.

5.3 Suggestion for Improvement

Although the application operates in properly and follows the milestone of project

respectively, there are exits some changes can be taken for better performances. This is for

improve the quality for future. The developer must come to date with current technology

to ensure the application that developed will meet the standard.

Some of suggestion to improve this application are:

This mobile apps can be provided the cycle of user where not just only for student

and teacher but also for the parent who want to know their children doing the

activity on this application.

This application need to keep the score of the activity that had been play by the user

before this so they can know who had the highest score and so on.

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The note of subtopic need have more animation about the information of that

subtopic to make it look more interesting for user to use it.

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REFERENCES

Ali, M. Y. (n.d.). Ibadat T3. Retrieved from http://myussoff.blogspot.com/2011/02/ibadat-

t3.html

Pendidikan Islam Tingkatan 3. Malaysia: Dewan .(2017) .ديسا, م ن & ,يحي, ر ا, عثمان, م س

Bahasa dan Pustaka.

Using the load() and save() methods. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://help.adobe.com/en_US/as3/dev/WSAA022E3E-090D-4003-B31E-

1D2C7A53867A.html

Correct Sound Effect Game Royalty-free Music, SFX, and Loops. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.audioblocks.com/royalty-free-audio/correct sound effect game

Flash/ActionScript. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://paultrani.com/2010/11/tutorial-creating-

mobile-apps-using-flash-cs5/

52

How to Publish an AIR Application in Adobe Flash CS6. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.dummies.com/software/adobe/flash/how-to-publish-an-air-application-in-

adobe-flash-cs6/

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ATTACHMENT

Poster