Nonrenewable Energy Resources AP Environmental Science.
Transcript of Nonrenewable Energy Resources AP Environmental Science.
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Nonrenewable Energy Resources
AP Environmental Science
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Key Ideas for Chapter 12
• Describe how energy use has varied over time in the US and worldwide
• Compare energy efficiencies of the extraction and conversion of different fuels
• Explain various means of generating electricity• Discuss the uses and consequences of using
coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear fuels• Describe projections of future supplies of our
conventional energy resources
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Before we begin…
• Nonrenewable: resources that cannot be replenished
• Fossil fuels: are derived from biological material that became fossilized millions of years ago (coal, oil, natural gas)
• Nuclear fuels: are derived from radioactive materials that give off energy (uranium)
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#1 Describe how energy use has varied over time in the US and worldwide
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Current Worldwide Consumption Percentages
OilNatural GasCoal/PeatNuclear fuelsRenewable energy
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#1 Describe how energy use has varied over time in the US and worldwide
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Current United States Consumption Percentages
OilNatural GasCoal/PeatNuclear fuelsRenewable energy
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#1 Describe how energy use has varied over time in the US and worldwide
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#2 Compare energy efficiencies of the extraction and conversion of different fuels
• How much energy we get out of an energy source compared to what we put in to obtain it. This is known as Energy Return on Energy Investment (EROEI)
• EROEI = Energy obtained / Energy invested• EROEI = 100J / 5J = 20• Higher EROEI values indicate greater
efficiencies
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#3 Explain various means of generating electricity
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#3 Explain various means of generating electricity
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#4 Discuss the uses and consequences of using coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear fuels
• Coal: – Pros: energy dense, plentiful, easily obtained, easy
to handle, needs little refinement– Cons: numerous impurities, most of the C in coal is
released as CO2, burning produces ash (storage is problematic)
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#4 Discuss the uses and consequences of using coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear fuels
• Oil:– Pros: fluid nature makes it ideal for mobile
combustion applications, can be made into a variety of compounds, energy dense, cleaner burning than coal
– Cons: contains impurities such as sulfur, releases more CO2 than coal, oil spills have major environmental impacts
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#4 Discuss the uses and consequences of using coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear fuels
• Natural Gas:– Pros: contains fewer impurities, less CO2 produced
when burned– Cons: obtainment may pollute groundwater via
“fracking,” unburned natural gas contributes methane into the atmosphere
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#4 Discuss the uses and consequences of using coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear fuels
• Nuclear Fuels– Pros: do not produce air pollution – Cons: accidents, radioactive waste
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#5 Describe projections of future supplies of our conventional energy resources
• Fossil fuels are a finite resource