Nonlinear Time Reversal for Non Destructive …...Serge Dos Santos et al, 8th Workshop NDT in...
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Serge Dos Santos et al, 8 th Workshop NDT in Progress, CNDT, Prague 12-15 oct, 2015 Nonlinear Time Reversal for Non Destructive Testing of complex medium : a review based on multi-physics experiments and signal processing strategies Serge DOS SANTOS 1* , Martin LINTS 1,2 , Nathalie POIROT 3 , Zuzana DVORAKOVA 1,4 , Andrus SALUPERE 2 , Michael CALIEZ 5 and Zdenek PREVOROVSKY 4* ( * Full Member of the Academia NDT International) 1 INSA Centre Val de Loire, campus Blois , UMR 930 « Imaging and Brain », Inserm, University of Tours, 3, Rue de la Chocolaterie CS 23410, F-41034 BLOIS cedex, France 2 Institute of Cybernetics at Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn, Estonia 3 GREMAN, CNRS, IUT de Blois, 15 rue de la chocolaterie, 41000 Blois, France 4 Institute of Thermomechanics, AS CR, v.v.i., Dolejskova 5, CZ-18200, Prague 8, Czech Republic 5 LMR EA2640, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, 41034 Blois, France [email protected]
Transcript of Nonlinear Time Reversal for Non Destructive …...Serge Dos Santos et al, 8th Workshop NDT in...
Serge Dos Santos et al, 8th Workshop NDT in Progress, CNDT, Prague 12-15 oct, 2015
Nonlinear Time Reversal for Non Destructive Testing of complex medium : a review based on multi-physics
experiments and signal processing strategies
Serge DOS SANTOS 1*, Martin LINTS 1,2, Nathalie POIROT 3, Zuzana DVORAKOVA 1,4, Andrus SALUPERE 2, Michael CALIEZ 5
and Zdenek PREVOROVSKY 4* ( * Full Member of the Academia NDT International)
1 INSA Centre Val de Loire, campus Blois , UMR 930 « Imaging and Brain », Inserm,
University of Tours, 3, Rue de la Chocolaterie CS 23410, F-41034 BLOIS cedex, France 2 Institute of Cybernetics at Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn, Estonia
3 GREMAN, CNRS, IUT de Blois, 15 rue de la chocolaterie, 41000 Blois, France 4 Institute of Thermomechanics, AS CR, v.v.i., Dolejskova 5, CZ-18200, Prague 8, Czech Republic
5 LMR EA2640, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, 41034 Blois, France
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Content Introduction
Principle of Time Reversal (TR) based NEWS techniques
Future trends for NDT (Non Destructive Testing) and potentiality for medical imaging
Methods and Materials
The porcine skin, human tooth and Tuffeau limestones as a reverberating
complex media
The nonlinear ultrasound (US) signature as an indication of degradation
Nonlinear Signal Processing : Pulse Inversion (PI) method
Results
Conclusions, Discussion and Perspective
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Advantage of ultrasonic nonlinear waves
How to detect smaller cracks :
Increase the frequency of ultrasound …
consequence : increase of attenuation …
Solution :
… increase the ultrasonic power …
consequence : nonlinear effets are created (harmonics)
Advantage :
« Natural » increase of the frequency thanks to harmonics
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Time Reversal (TR) for NEWS
NEWS : Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy
What is the nonlinear signature due to damaged area ?
A high level of ultrasound is needed
How to localize sources of nonlinearity ?
Time Reversal (TR)
Signal processing method using correlation and convolution methods
Retrofocused signal with high level of ultrasound (for NL effects)
Temporal focusing : reconstruction of coherent tone-burst signals
Spatial focusing : analysis on localized point : the focused region
(practically measurements are done with laser interferometers )
M. Fink , France
IEEE Trans on UFFC (1992)
K. Van Den Abeele, P.A. Johnson, and A. Sutin. Res. Nondestr. Eval. (2000)
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Nonlinear Acoustics and TR TR : Time Reversal (M. Fink, France). It combines advantages :
of increasing the acoustic pressure stress localization
The local evaluation of the medium (which could be highly nonlinear) using global complex and dispersive response of the whole medium (which is mostly linear)
It assumes a powerfull symmetry between sources and receivers : reciprocity
source objective
time
source objective
time
Power not localized !
Localized power !
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TR-NEWS Dos Santos et al, French
Congress of Acoustics, 2006
Le Bas et al,
ECNDT 2006 Berlin
Dos Santos et al,
NDT in progress 2009
this work !
Multi-modal TR-NEWS : the objective !
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TR-NEWS : the physical meaning of the autocorrelation function
Convolution equation Correlation fonction
TR-NEWS process is a way to understand the physical interpretation
(energetically) of the autocorrelation function of a complex medium
TR-NEWS
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T. Goursolle, S. Dos Santos, O. Bou Matar, and S.
Callé, Non-linear based time reversal acoustic
applied to crack detection: Simulations and experiments, Int. J. Non-Linear Mech.
43, 170 (2008)
Nonlinear Time Reversal for localization of nonlinear sources
Nonlinear Time Reversal in a chaotic system for extraction of localized nonlinear electromagnetic signatures
Synopsis: Alice and Bob Go Nonlinear APS/Carin Cain
Perspectives : symbiosis between Time Reversal Techniques, chaotic waves, nonlinear dynamics and NDT of local activity
New area of Research and New innovations : cryptography and secured and coded communications
"Nonlinear Time Reversal in a Wave Chaotic System", par Matthew Frazier, Biniyam Taddese Thomas Antonsen and Steven M. Anlage, Phys. Rev. Lett., 110, 063902 (2013)
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Coded Signal processing from Medical applications
and
Symmetry Analysis
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Linear medium
x(t)
x(t) y(t)
Nonlinear Signal Processing : Symmetrization of Excitation with Pulse Inversion (PI)
Nonlinear medium
Nonlinear signature
- y(t)
y(t)
Experiments : measurements in the time domain !!
- x(t)
1
1
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Nonlinear signature extraction with Chirp coded Pulse Inversion : substraction of responses
1 -1 -1
-1
-1
-1
Nonlinear signature extraction with Pulse Inversion : addition of responses
correlation ~ impulse response
• linear response of systems
• chirp-coded response and correlation
TR-NEWS
Symmetry associated to chirp-coding
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Pulse Inversion (PI) method Inversion group (C2) interpretation
Extension for the 3rd
order nonlinearity
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Higher order Pulse Inversion (PI) method : ESAM
C3 character table and irreducible representation
New « symmetrized » excitations
S. Dos Santos and C. Plag. Excitation symmetry analysis method (ESAM) for calculation of higher
order nonlinearities, International Journal of NonLinear Mechanics, 43 :164–169, 2008
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Application of ESAM signal processing
Nonlinear ultrasonic time reversal mirrors in NDT, Zdenek Prevorovsky, Czech Academy of Science, Academia NDT lecture at WCNDT, Durban (2012)
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TR-NEWS imaging of the tooth
TR-NEWS TR-NEWS TR-NEWS
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Imaging of the tooth
after focusing
Imaging of the
tooth before
focusing
S. Dos Santos and Z. Prevorovsky, Imaging of human tooth using ultrasound based chirp-coded nonlinear time reversal acoustics, Ultrasonics, 51(6) :667–674, 2011., DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2011.01.008 .
B-scan echodentography
Nonlinear signature
Future work : include
tooth topography data
with other modality
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Efficiency of TR-NEWS in complex medium :
reverberant medium is an advantage ! !
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Strategies for TR-NEWS focusing improvement and nonlinear
measurements : chaotic transducer
Bou Matar et al, On the use of a chaotic cavity transducer in nonlinear elastic imaging, Applied Physics Letters 95,
141913 2009
Le Bas et al,
ECNDT 2006, Berlin
For TR-NEWS based focusing, “long time coda” is needed :
Reverberation (or dispersion or memory) should be present in the “transducing device”
Chaotic cavities should be preferred in order to reduce “symmetry” effects
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Localisation and classification
Serge Dos Santos, Zuzana Farova, Vaclav Kus and Zdenek Prevorovsky, Time Reversal Based NEWS methods for Localization and Classification of
Nonlinear Vibrations in Bio-Mechanical Media, in proceedings of the ICSV20, Bangkok, Tailand, (2013)
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Classification of nonlinear signatures
TR-NEWS signal
Classification
Clusters
Nonlinear and localized signatures of material can be classified
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skin
Degradation memory of the material
(memristor for NDT ? )
Ageing memory of the skin (see Leon Chua lecture)
NDT
stress s
strain e
TR-NEWS for skin US imaging
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TR-NEWS for skin (PLET project)
S. Dos Santos et al, Viscoelastic and hysteretic properties of the skin : Acousto-mechanical evaluation using nonlinear time reversal imaging,
to be presented at IFSCC, Oct. 2014, Paris
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Acousto-mechanical loadings and PM-space indentification
PM space
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Multiscale modeling and PM identification
Cyclic tension test – strain rate 0.01s-1
Very strong softening
Hyperelastic-like behavior
Stress stabilization for about 150 cycles
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Tension test – strain measurement by Digital Image Correlation
Strain localization = damage (but the strain is about 25%)
Sample with speckle pattern Digital Image Correlation with Correli Q4
Acousto-mechanical loadings
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Aging and Cultural heritage TR-NEWS on Tuffeau limestones
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(a): ATD/DSC analysis of the Tuffeau limestone. The slope temperature was chosen to 10°C/mn. The transition observed at 800°C
corresponds to the CaCO3 decomposition. (b): FTIR analysis performed in the frequency range [3650:650]cm-1 where CaCO3 vibration
modes are identified.
Multi-modal TR-NEWS
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Nonlinear acoustics for complex composites structures
Complex composite :
144 layers !
Dispersive properties …
Damaged composite : nonlinear behavior …
Nonlinearity + dispersion = soliton propagation …
M. Lints et al , 2015
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[1] S. Dos Santos, S. Vejvodova and Z. Prevorovsky, "Nonlinear signal processing for ultrasonic imaging of material complexity"; Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 59, Issue 2, pp. 108–117 (2010), http://www.kirj.ee/proceedings?id=17029
Group Theory and Signal Processing
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Group Theory, Signal Processing and NDT
Nonlinear Mixing, Lectio Materia, Academia NDT
Nonlinear Signal Processing using Group theory representations
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Delayed TR-NEWS for solitonic excitation
Perspectives
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TR-NEWS 2D simulations : ISNA17 2005
3D simulations : T. Goursolle et al, JASA 2007
A. Sutin et al., ISNA17, PennState, 2005
Image
finale
ECNDT 2006
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Conclusion An acousto-mechanical TR-NEWS innovation has been presented
New perspectives for Medical Imaging and NDT in complex samples
TR-NEWS is a progressive method, which uses energy focusing during the
time-reversal process, and the influence of nonlinearity on the TR system
response
connection of TR techniques represents powerful technique for extraction of
nonlinearity in a medium
PM space analysis has been performed in order extract nonlinearity
properties (memory of the skin)
Perspective
Nonlinear Time Reversal based methods can have new applications in many
areas of research – testing of biomaterials (bone, skin, tooth, etc.),
cryptography, nondestructive testing …
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Acknowledgements and Collaborations Developpement of TR-NEWS based approach in NDT
USA : A. Sutin and A. Sarvazyan (TR-NEWS experimentation for NDT and bubbles)
Belgium : K. Van den Abeele (AERONEWS EU project ,TR-NEWS methods for cracks)
Spain : V. Sanchez Morcillo (TR-NEWS optimization of focusing with phononic cavities)
France : O. Bou Matar (TR-NEWS simulations), V. Gusev (Nonlinear Acoustics)
Czech Rep : Z. Prevorovsky and V. Kus (TR-NEWS and AE, ESAM-DORT signal processing)
Germany : M. Kreutzbruck ( TR-NEWS for CFRP, multi-modality)
UK : T. Stratoudaki (bimodality laser/US for TR-NEWS, invited researcher )
Germany : S. Hirsekorn (nonlinear NDT; invited researcher at INSA Centre Val de Loire)
Spain : V. Sanchez Morcillo (Nonlinear acoustics /nonlinear optics, inv. researcher)
Latvia : V. Kurtenoks (TR system instrumentation; electronics)
USA : Leon O. Chua (memristive effects ; nonlinear systems; signal processing)
Estonia : A. Salupere, M. Lints (solitonic TR-NEWS)
U930 « Imaging and Brain », Inserm-Université de Tours (GIP Ultrasons), GREMAN UMR 7347 CNRS-CEA
Abellard A.-P., Bouakaz A., Callé S., Chaline J., Domenjoud M., Farova Z., Feuillard G., Fortineau J., Girault JM, Guilloteau D., Goursolle T., Haumesser L., Lethiecq M., Lint M., Novell A., Papouskova J., Patat F., Plag C., Pourcelot L., Remenieras J.P., Tran P., Vander Meulen F., Vila M.
Council Members (2010) of Academia NDT International ( www.academia-ndt.org )
Dr. G. Nardoni (President), Prof. Vladimir V. Klyuev, Dr. Baldev Raj, Prof. Vjera Krstelj
Dr. Ing. Rainer Link, Dr. Sotirios J. Vahaviolos
Serge Dos Santos et al, 8th Workshop NDT in Progress, CNDT, Prague 12-15 oct, 2015
Announcements
http://www.wcndt2016.com/
http://icsv23.org/
Serge Dos Santos et al, 8th Workshop NDT in Progress, CNDT, Prague 12-15 oct, 2015
Thank you ! Questions !
This work is supported by the Région Centre-Val de Loire (France)
under the PLET project
