Non-Exhaustive Compendium of the Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expressions Provisions found in Free Trade Agreements

(Revised: August 28, 2015)

Agreement GRTK Mention TextEnvironmental

ChapterIP

ChapterOther

ChapterMOU/Letter of Understanding

1 Peru Peru-United States of America (entered into force 1 February 2009)

https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/agreements/fta/peru/asset_upload_file719_9535.pdf

X X X MOU/Letter of UnderstandingUNDERSTANDING REGARDING BIODIVERSITY AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE (April 12, 2006)The Governments of the United States of America and the Republic of Peru have reached the following understandings concerning biodiversity and traditional knowledge in connection with the United States – Peru Trade Promotion Agreement signed this day:

The Parties recognize the importance of traditional knowledge and biodiversity, as well as the potential contribution of traditional knowledge and biodiversity to cultural, economic, and social development.The Parties recognize the importance of the following: (1) obtaining informed consent from the appropriate authority prior to accessing genetic resources under the control of such authority; (2) equitably sharing the benefits arising from the use of traditional knowledge and genetic resources; and (3) promoting quality patent examination to ensure the conditions of patentability are satisfied.The Parties recognize that access to genetic resources or traditional knowledge, as well as the equitable sharing of benefits that may result from use of those resources or that knowledge, can be adequately addressed through contracts that reflect mutually agreed terms between users and providers.Each Party shall endeavor to seek ways to share information that may have a bearing on the patentability of inventions based on traditional knowledge or genetic resources by providing:

(a) publicly accessible databases that contain relevant information; and(b) an opportunity to cite, in writing, to the appropriate examining authority prior art that may have a bearing on patentability.

2 Peru-Chile (entered into force 1 March 2009)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CHL_PER_FTA/Texto_s.pdf

X X X X N/A

3 Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the Republic of Peru (entered into force 1 August 2009)

X X X Agreement on the Environment between Canada and the Republic of Peru

Article 5: Biological Diversity1. The Parties recognize the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity in

achieving sustainable development and reiterate their commitment to promote the conservation and

1

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CAN_PER/CAN_PER_e/CAN_PER_index_e.asp

sustainable use of biological diversity.2. The Parties also reiterate their commitment, as established by the Convention on Biological Diversity, to

respect, preserve and maintain traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities that contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, subject to national legislation.

3. The Parties reiterate their sovereign rights over their natural resources and recognize their authority and obligations as established by the Convention on Biological Diversity with respect to access to genetic resources, and to the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of those genetic resources.

4. The Parties also recognize the importance of public participation and consultation, as provided by domestic law, on matters concerning the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.

5. The Parties agree to cooperate on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity within the framework provided by Section II of this Agreement.

6. The Parties shall endeavour to cooperate in order to exchange relevant information regarding:o (a) the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity;o (b) the avoidance of illegal access to genetic resources, traditional knowledge, innovations and

practices; and,o (c) the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and

associated knowledge, innovations and practices.4 Peru-Singapore

(entered into force 1 August 2009)

http://www.sice.oas.org/TPD/PER_SGP/Final_Texts_PER_SGP_e/index_e.asp

X X X X N/A

5 Peru-China (entered into force 1 March 2010)

http://www.sice.oas.org/TPD/PER_CHN/Texts_28042009_e/FullText_20090422_e.pdf

X X X Chapter 11: Intellectual Property RightsArticle 145: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore1. The Parties recognize the contribution made by the genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore to the scientific, cultural and economic development.2. The Parties acknowledge and reaffirm the principles and provisions established in the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted on June 5th, 1992, and encourage the effort to establish a mutually supportive relationship between the TRIPS Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity, regarding genetic resources and the protection of traditional knowledge and folklore.3. Subject to each Party's international obligations and national legislation, the Parties may establish appropriate measures to protect genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore.4. Subject to future developments of national legislation, the Parties agree to further discuss the disclosure of origin or

2

source of genetic resources and/or prior informed consent obligations in patent applications.

Article 148: Cooperation and Capacity Building1. The Parties shall continue cooperation under the framework established in the previous Agreement of Cooperation of Intellectual Property between the Government of the Republic of Peru and the Government of the People's Republic of China, signed on June 2nd, 2005, with a common view to increasing capacity building and to fostering the development of intellectual property policies and eliminating trade in goods infringing intellectual property rights, subject to their respective laws, rules, regulations, directives and policies.2. Without prejudice to the obligations of the Agreement mentioned in paragraph 1 of this Article, the Parties will cooperate, on mutually agreed terms and subject to the availability of appropriated funds, on educational and dissemination projects on the use of intellectual property rights as an innovation tool.3. The Parties will cooperate, on mutually agreed terms, to exchange information regarding:

(a) conservation and sustainable use of biological biodiversity;(b) actions to prevent the illegal access to genetic resources, traditional knowledge,innovation and practices;(c) internal procedures regarding sharing equitable benefits arising from the use ofgenetic resources, traditional knowledge, innovations and practices; and(d) other intellectual property rights issues.

4. Each Party shall encourage and facilitate the development of contacts and cooperation in the field of intellectual property rights between their respective government agencies, educational institutions and other organizations.

6 Peru-MERCOSUR

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/MRCSRPerACE58/ACE.asp

X X X X N/A

7 Peru-European Free Trade Association (entered into force 1 July 2011)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/PER_EFTA/Text_e.pdf

X X X Chapter 6: Protection of Intellectual Property

ARTICLE 6.5 Measures Related to Biodiversity1. The Parties reaffirm their sovereign rights over their natural resources and recognise their rights and obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity with respect to access to genetic resources and to the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilisation of these genetic resources.2. The Parties recognise the importance and the value of their biological diversity and of the associated traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities. Each Party shall determine the access conditions to its genetic resources in accordance with the principles and provisions contained in applicablenational and international law.3. The Parties recognise past, present and future contributions of indigenous and local communities and their knowledge, innovations and practices to the conservation and sustainable use of biological and genetic resources and in general the contribution of the traditional knowledge of their indigenous and local communities to the culture and

3

economic and social development of nations.4. The Parties shall consider collaborating in cases regarding non compliance with the applicable legal provisions on access to genetic resources and traditional knowledge, innovations and practices.5. According to their national law, the Parties shall require that patent applications contain a declaration of the origin or source of a genetic resource, to which the inventor or the patent applicant has had access. As far as provided in their national legislation, the Parties will also require the fulfilment of prior informed consent and they will apply the provisions set out in this Article to traditional knowledge as applicable.6. The Parties, in accordance with their national laws, shall provide for administrative, civil or criminal sanctions if the inventor or the patent applicant wilfully make a wrongful or misleading declaration of the origin or source. The judge may order the publication of the ruling.7. If the law of the Party so provides:

(a) access to genetic resources shall be subject to the prior informed consentof the Party providing the genetic resources; and(b) access to traditional knowledge of indigenous and local communities associated to these resources shall be subject to the approval and involvement of these communities.

8. Each Party shall take policy, legal and administrative measures, with the aim of facilitating the fulfilment of terms and conditions for access established by the Parties for such genetic resources.9. The Parties affirm and recognise their existing rights and obligations with respect to each other under the International Treaty of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture of the Food and Agriculture Organization.10. The Parties shall take legislative, administrative or policy measures, as appropriate, with the aim of ensuring the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources or associated traditional knowledge. Such sharing shall be based on mutually agreed terms.

8 Peru-South Korea (entered into force 1 August 2011)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/PER_KOR_FTA/Texts_26JUL2011_e/PER_KOR_ToC_e.asp

X X Chapter 19: Environment

ARTICLE 19.6: BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY1. The Parties recognize the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity as a key element in the achievement of sustainable development.2. Recognizing that each Party has the sovereign rights over its natural resources and the authority to determine access to its genetic resources in accordance with its domestic legislation, each Party shall endeavor to create conditions to facilitate access to genetic resources for environmentally sound uses.3. The Parties remain committed to encouraging the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and all its components and levels, including plants, animals, and habitats.4. The Parties recognize the importance of respecting and preserving traditional knowledge and practices of their indigenous and other communities which contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.5. The Parties agree to exchange views and information on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, including practices related to genetic resources and/or traditional knowledge and discussions on the CBD.

Chapter 17: Intellectual Property

4

ARTICLE 17.5: GENETIC RESOURCES AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE1. The Parties acknowledge paragraph 19 of the Ministerial Declaration(WT/MIN/(01)DEC/1), adopted on November 14, 2001 by the WTO Ministerial Conference, on the relationship between the TRIPS Agreement and the CBD and the protection of genetic resources, traditional knowledge, and folklore.2. The Parties recognize the value and importance of biological diversity, traditional knowledge as well as the contribution of knowledge, innovations, and practices of indigenous and local communities to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. Each Party shall have the authority to determine access to genetic resources in accordance with its domestic legislation and endeavor to create conditions to facilitate transparent access to genetic resources for environmentally sound uses.3. Subject to their domestic legislations and the CBD, the Parties respect knowledge, innovations, and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the involvement and approval of the holders of such knowledge, innovations, and practices.4. Each Party shall endeavor to seek ways to share information on patent applications based on genetic resources or traditional knowledge by providing:(a) publicly accessible database that contains relevant information; and(b) opportunities to file prior art to the appropriate examining authority in writing.5. The Parties agree to share views and information on discussions in the WIPO Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge, and Folklore, the WTO TRIPS Council, and any other relevant fora in addressing matters related to genetic resources and traditional knowledge.6. Subject to future developments of multilateral agreements or their respective domestic legislations, the Parties agree to further discuss relevant issues on genetic resources.

9 Peru-Thailand (entered into force 31 December 2011)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/PER_THA_FTA/Index_PDF_e.asp

X X X X N/A

10 Peru-Japan (entered into force 1 March 2012)http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/PER_JPN/EPA_Texts/ENG/jpepa_ba_e.pdf

X X X Joint Statement on Biodiversity, Access to Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge, on the occasion of the Signing of the Agreement between Japan and the Republic of Peru for an Economic Partnership Japanese

We, the Governments of Japan and the Republic of Peru, recalling the longstanding friendship between both countries, which has developed into an enduring cooperative relationship;Today, welcoming the expeditious conclusion of the negotiations; Signed the Agreement between Japan and the Republic of Peru for an Economic Partnership.

5

Both sides,Recognizing the importance of the three objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (hereinafter referred to as the “CBD”), which are the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources;Recognizing the importance of the value of biodiversity and its components as stated in the preamble of the CBD, as well as their potential contribution to cultural, economic and social development;Recognizing the sovereign rights of States over their natural resources, and that the authority to determine access to genetic resources rests with the national governments and is subject to their national legislation as provided for in paragraph 1 of Article 15 of the CBD; andAcknowledging what is set forth in paragraph 5 of Article 16 of the CBD; Have reached the recognition as follows: Both sides, as Contracting Parties of the CBD, reaffirm the importance of the following:

1) endeavoring to create conditions to facilitate access to genetic resources for environmentally sound uses in view of paragraph 2 of Article 15 of the CBD;

2) obtaining informed consent from the appropriate authority prior to accessing genetic resources under the control of such authority in view of paragraph 5 of Article 15 of the CBD;

3) sharing in a fair and equitable way the benefits, upon mutually agreed terms, arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources with the country providing such resources in view of paragraph 7 of Article 15 of the CBD; and

4) subject to their respective national legislation, respecting, preserving and maintaining knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promoting their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encouraging the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge, innovations and practices in view of subparagraph (j) of Article 8 of the CBD. With a view to promoting quality patent examination to ensure the conditions of patentability are satisfied, each side will endeavor to seek ways to share information that may have a bearing on the patentability of inventions based on genetic resources or traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources by: (a) providing or utilizing publicly accessible databases that contain relevant information; and (b) providing an opportunity to submit in writing, to the appropriate examining authority in accordance with its laws and regulations, information on prior art that may have a bearing on patentability.

Any part of this Joint Statement does not prejudice ongoing negotiations and their outcomes in other fora in which both sides are participating.

Tokyo, May 31, 2011 Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan Takeaki Matsumoto and Minister of Foreign Trade and Tourism of the Republic of Peru Eduardo Ferreyros

11 Peru-Panama (entered into force 1 May 2012)

X X X Intellectual Property Chapter 9

6

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/PAN_PER_FTA_s/PAN_PER_ToC_s.asp

Artículo 9.5: Conocimientos Tradicionales1. Cada Parte, de conformidad con su legislación nacional, reconoce el derecho de las comunidades indígenas y locales2 sobre sus conocimientos tradicionales, y reitera su compromiso de respetar, preservar y mantener los conocimientos tradicionales, innovaciones y prácticas de las comunidades indígenas y locales de los territorios de las Partes.2. Las Partes podrán proteger los derechos referidos en este Artículo contra los actos que constituyan supuestos de competencia desleal, de conformidad con lo previsto en su legislación nacional.3. La República de Panamá declara, dentro de los conocimientos tradicionales protegidos en su legislación nacional, los siguientes productos:

a) MOLA KUNA PANAMA;b) NAHUA;c) CHACARA;d) CHAQUIRA;e) SOMBRERO NGOBE y BUGL/;f) TALLA DE MADERA;g) TAGUA;h) HOSIG DI o JIW’A (CESTA);i) HAMACA JUNAS PANAMA; yj) INSTRUMENTOS MUSICALWA KUNAS PANAMA.

4. Las Partes manifiestan su interés de impulsar y promover las discusiones relativas a la protección de los recursos genéticos, conocimientos tradicionales y expresiones culturales tradicionales que se desarrollen en el Comité Intergubernamental sobre Propiedad Intelectual y Recursos Genéticos, Conocimientos Tradicionales y Folklore de la OMPI, en el Consejo de los ADPIC de la OMC, así como en cualquier otro foro relevante que trate dichas materias.

Artículo 9.6: Medidas Relacionadas con la Protección a la Biodiversidad y los Conocimientos Tradicionales1. Las Partes reconocen la importancia y valor de su diversidad biológica y sus componentes. Cada Parte ejerce soberanía sobre sus recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus productos derivados, y en consecuencia determinan las condiciones de su acceso, de acuerdo con los principios y disposiciones contenidos en normas nacionales e internacionales pertinentes.2. Las Partes reconocen la importancia y valor de los conocimientos, innovaciones y prácticas de las comunidades indígenas y locales, así como la contribución pasada, presente y futura de las mismas a la conservación y uso sostenible de los recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus productos derivados, y en general, la contribución de los conocimientos tradicionales de tales comunidades a la cultura y al desarrollo económico y social de las naciones.3. Cada Parte, de conformidad con su legislación nacional, reitera su compromiso de respetar, preservar y mantener los conocimientos tradicionales, innovaciones y prácticas de las colectividades indígenas y locales del territorio de cada Parte.4. El acceso a los recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus productos derivados estará condicionado al consentimiento fundamentado previo de la Parte que es país de origen, en términos mutuamente acordados. Igualmente, el acceso a los conocimientos tradicionales de las comunidades indígenas y locales asociado a dichos recursos estará condicionado al consentimiento fundamentado previo de los titulares o poseedores, según corresponda, de dichos conocimientos, en

7

términos mutuamente acordados. Ambos supuestos estarán sujetos a lo dispuesto por la legislación nacional de cada Parte.5. Las Partes fomentarán medidas para asegurar una distribución justa y equitativa de los beneficios derivados de la utilización de los recursos biológicos y genéticos y productos derivados y de los conocimientos tradicionales de las comunidades indígenas y locales.6. Cada Parte fomentará las medidas políticas, legales y administrativas, con el fin de asegurar el cabal cumplimiento de las condiciones de acceso a los recursos biológicos y genéticos de la biodiversidad.7. Cualquier derecho de propiedad intelectual que se genere a partir del uso de recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus productos derivados, y/o conocimientos tradicionales de las comunidades indígenas y locales, de las cuales una Parte es país de origen, deberá observar el cumplimiento de las normas nacionales e internacionales específicas en la materia.8. Las Partes requerirán que en las solicitudes de patentes desarrolladas a partir de recursos biológicos, genéticos y/o conocimientos tradicionales asociados, de los que sean país de origen, se demuestre el acceso legal a dichos recursos o conocimientos, así como la divulgación del origen del recurso y/o conocimiento tradicional accedido, en caso que la legislación nacional de la Parte así lo requiera.9. Las Partes podrán, a través de sus autoridades nacionales competentes, intercambiar información relacionada a la biodiversidad y/o conocimientos tradicionales e información documentada relativa a recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus derivados, o de ser el caso, de los conocimientos tradicionales de sus comunidades indígenas y locales, a fin de que sirvan de apoyo en la evaluación de las patentes.10. Las Partes acuerdan colaborar, a solicitud de cualquiera de ellas, en el suministro de información pública que tengan a su disposición para la investigación y seguimiento del acceso ilegal a recursos genéticos y/o conocimientos, innovaciones y prácticas tradicionales en sus territorios

12 Peru-Mexico (entered into force 1 February 2013)http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/MEX_PER_Integ_Agrmt/DOF_30.01.2012_TLC_MEX_PER_s.pdf

X X X X N/A

13 Peru and Colombia – European Union (entered into force 1 August 2013 for Colombia and 1 March 2013 for Peru)

http://www.sice.oas.org/

X X Environment Chapter

Article 272: Biological Diversity1. The Parties recognise the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and all of its components as a key element for the achievement of sustainable development. The Parties confirm their commitment to conserve and sustainably use biological diversity in accordance with the CBD and other relevant international agreements to which the Parties are party.2. The Parties will continue to work towards meeting their international targets of establishing and maintaining a comprehensive, effectively managed, and ecologically representative national and regional system of terrestrial and

8

Trade/COL_PER_EU_FTA/COL_EU_Accord_e.pdf

marine protected areas by 2010 and 2012, respectively, as fundamental tools for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. The Parties also recognise the importance of protected areas for the welfare of populations settled in those areas and their buffer zones.3. The Parties will endeavour to jointly promote the development of practices and programmes aiming at fostering appropriate economic returns from the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.4. The Parties recognise their obligation in accordance with the CBD to, subject to their domestic legislation, respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application conditioned to the prior informed consent of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices, and encourage the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilisation of such knowledge, innovation and practices.5. Recalling Article 15 of the CBD, the Parties recognise the sovereign rights of States over their natural resources, and that the authority to determine access to genetic resources rests with the national governments and is subject to their domestic legislation. Furthermore, the Parties recognise that they shall endeavour to create conditions to facilitate access to genetic resources for environmentally sound uses and not to impose restrictions that run counter to the objectives of the CBD, and that access to genetic resources shall be subject to the prior informed consent of any Party providing such resources, unless otherwise determined by that Party. The Parties will take appropriate measures, in accordance with the CBD, with the aim of sharing in a fair and equitable way and upon mutually agreed terms, the results of research and development and the benefits arising from the commercial and other utilisation of genetic resources with the Party providing such resources.6. The Parties shall strive to strengthen and to enlarge the capacity of national institutions responsible for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, through instruments such as the strengthening of capacities and technical assistance.

Chapter 2: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

Article 201: Protection of biodiversity and traditional knowledge1. The Parties recognise the importance and value of biological diversity and its components and of the associated traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities ( 62 ). The Parties furthermore reaffirm their sovereign rights over their natural resources and recognise their rights and obligations as established by the CBD with respect to access to genetic resources, and to thefair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of these genetic resources.2. The Parties recognise the past, present and future contribution of indigenous and local communities to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and all of its components and, in general, the contribution of the traditional knowledge ( 63 ) of their indigenous and local communities to the culture and to the economic and social development of nations.3. Subject to their domestic legislation, the Parties shall, in accordance with Article 8(j) of the CBD respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, and promote their wider application conditioned to the prior informed consent of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices, and encourage

9

the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge, innovations and practices.4. In accordance with Article 15 paragraph 7 of the CBD, the Parties reaffirm their obligation to take measures with the aim of sharing in a fair and equitable way the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources. The Parties also recognise that mutually agreed terms may include benefit sharing obligations in relation to intellectual property rights arising from the use of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge.5. Colombia and the EU Party will collaborate in further clarifying the issue and concept of misappropriation of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, innovation and practices so as to find, as appropriate and in accordance with the provisions of international and domestic law, measures to address this issue.6. The Parties shall cooperate, subject to domestic legislation and international law, to ensure that intellectual property rights are supportive of, and do not run counter to, their rights and obligations under the CBD, in so far as genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge of the indigenous and local communities located in their respective territories are concerned. The Parties reaffirm their rights and obligations under Article 16 paragraph 3 of the CBD in relation to countries providing genetic resources, to take measures with the aim to provide access to and transfer of technology which makes use of such resources, upon mutually agreed terms. This provision shall apply without prejudice to the rights and obligations under Article 31 of the TRIPS Agreement.7. The Parties acknowledge the usefulness of requiring the disclosure of the origin or source of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge in patent applications, considering that this contributes to the transparency about the uses of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge.8. The Parties will provide, in accordance with their domestic law, for applicable effects of any such requirement so as to support compliance with the provisions regulating access to genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, innovations and practices.9. The Parties will endeavour to facilitate the exchange of information about patent applications and granted patents related to genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, with the aim that in the substantive examination, particularly in determining prior art, such information can be considered.10. Subject to the provisions of Chapter 6 (Cooperation) of this Title, the Parties will cooperate on mutually agreed terms in the training of patent examiners in reviewing patent applications related to genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge.11. The Parties recognise that data bases or digital libraries which contain relevant information constitute useful tools for patentability examination of inventions related to genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge.12. In accordance with applicable international and domestic law, the Parties agree to collaborate in the application of domestic frameworks on access to genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, innovations and practices.13. The Parties may, by mutual agreement, review this Chapter subject to the results and conclusions of multilateral discussions.

14 Peru-Costa Rica (entered into force 1 June 2013)

http://www.sice.oas.org/

X X X Chapter 9 : Propriedad Intellectual

Artículo 9.5: Medidas Relacionadas con la Protección a la Biodiversidad y los Conocimientos Tradicionales1. Las Partes reconocen la importancia y valor de su diversidad biológica y sus componentes. Cada Parte ejerce soberanía sobre sus recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus productos derivados, y en consecuencia determinan las condiciones de su acceso, de acuerdo con los principios y disposiciones contenidos en normas nacionales e

10

Trade/CRI_PER_FTA_s/Text_CRI_PER_PDF_s/Index_s.asp

internacionales pertinentes.2. Las Partes reconocen la importancia y valor de los conocimientos, innovaciones y prácticas de las comunidades indígenas y locales2, así como la contribución pasada, presente y futura de las mismas a la conservación y uso sostenible de los recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus productos derivados, y en general, la contribución de los conocimientos tradicionales de tales comunidades a la cultura y al desarrollo económico y social de las naciones.Cada Parte, de conformidad con su legislación nacional, reitera su compromiso de respetar, preservar y mantener los conocimientos tradicionales, innovaciones y prácticas de las colectividades indígenas y locales de los territorios de las Partes.3. El acceso a los recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus productos derivados estará condicionado al consentimiento fundamentado previo de la Parte que es país de origen, en términos mutuamente acordados. Igualmente, el acceso a los conocimientos tradicionales de las comunidades indígenas y locales asociado a dichos recursos estará condicionado al consentimiento fundamentado previo de los titulares o poseedores, según corresponda, de dichos conocimientos, en términos mutuamente acordados. Ambos supuestos estarán sujetos a lo dispuesto por la legislación nacional de cada Parte.4. Las Partes fomentarán medidas para asegurar una distribución justa y equitativa de los beneficios derivados de la utilización de los recursos biológicos y genéticos y productos derivados y de los conocimientos tradicionales de las comunidades indígenas y locales.5. Cada Parte fomentará las medidas de política, legales y administrativas, con el fin de asegurar el cabal cumplimiento de las condiciones de acceso a los recursos biológicos y genéticos de la biodiversidad.6. Cualquier derecho de propiedad intelectual que se genere a partir del uso de recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus productos derivados, y/o conocimientos tradicionales de las comunidades indígenas y locales, de las cuales una Parte es país de origen, deberá observar el cumplimiento de las normas nacionales e internacionales específicas en la materia.7. Las Partes requerirán que en las solicitudes de patentes desarrolladas a partir de recursos biológicos, genéticos y/o conocimientos tradicionales asociados, de los que sean país de origen, se demuestre el acceso legal a dichos recursos o conocimientos, así como la divulgación del origen del recurso y/o conocimiento tradicional accedido, en caso que la legislación nacional de la Parte así lo requiera.8. Las Partes podrán, a través de sus autoridades nacionales competentes, intercambiar información relacionada a la biodiversidad y/o conocimientos tradicionales e información documentada relativa a recursos biológicos y genéticos y sus derivados, o de ser el caso, de los conocimientos tradicionales de sus comunidades indígenas y locales, a fin de que sirvan de apoyo en la evaluación de las patentes.9. Las Partes acuerdan, a solicitud de cualquiera de ellas, colaborar en el suministro de información pública que tengan a su disposición para la investigación y seguimiento del acceso ilegal a recursos genéticos y/o conocimientos, innovaciones y prácticas tradicionales en sus territorios.

15 Panama Taiwan-Panama (entered in force 1 January 2004)

http://www.sice.oas.org/

X X X Chapter 16: Intellectual Property

Article 16.05 Protection of Traditional Knowledge1. Each Party shall protect the collective intellectual property rights and the traditional knowledge of indigenous people on their creations, subject to commercial use, through a special system of registration, promotion and marketing of their rights, aiming at emphasizing the indigenous sociological and cultural values of the indigenous people and the

11

Trade/PanRC/PAN_TWN_Full_text_e.pdf

local communities and bring to them social justice.2. Each Party shall recognize that the customs, traditions, beliefs, spirituality, religiosity, cosmos vision, folklore expressions, artistic manifestations, traditional skills and any other form of traditional expression of the indigenous people and local communities are a part of their cultural heritage.3. The cultural heritage shall not be subject to any form of exclusivity by unauthorized third parties applying the intellectual property system, unless the request is done by the indigenous people and local communities or by third parties with their authorization.Article 16.06 Protection of Folklore Each Party shall ensure the effective protection of all folklore expressions and manifestations and of artistic manifestations of the traditional and popular culture of the indigenous and local communities.

Article 16.07 Relation between Access to Genetic Resources and Intellectual Property1. Each Party shall protect the access to its genetic resources and the traditional knowledge developed by indigenous people and local communities on the uses of the biological resources containing these genetic resources, against the indiscriminate use of biological diversity, as well as ensuring that the Party will participate in benefits derived from the use of its genetic resources.2. Each Party shall accord a fair and equitable participation in the benefits derived from the access to its genetic resources and from the uses of its traditional knowledge and folklore expressions.3. Each Party shall ensure that the protection accorded to the industrial property shall safeguard its biological and genetic heritage. Consequently, the licensing of patents on inventions developed from material obtained from such heritage or traditional knowledge shall be subject to the condition that this material was acquired according to relevant national and international laws and regulations.Article 16.09 Applications1. The Parties confirm the effective rights and obligations among them with respect to the procedures of observance in accordance with TRIPS.2. The Parties recognize that the growing importance of IP protection in traditional knowledge and folklore, genetic resources, geographic indications, plant breeders and other related matters is critical to economic competitiveness in the knowledge-based economy and to sustainable economic development. The Parties, therefore, confirm that either Party which is not party to one or more of the multilateral agreements listed in Article 16.01 shall undertake with the best efforts to pursue affiliation, in due course, to the said agreements.

16 Singapore-Panama (entered in force 24 July 2006)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/PAN_SGP/PAN_SGP_e/index_e.asp

X X X X N/A

17 Chile-Panama (entered X X X X N/A

12

in force 7 March 2008)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CHL_PAN_FTA/TLC-Chile-Panama.pdf

18 United States of America – Panama (entered in force 31 October 2012)

https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/agreements/fta/panama/asset_upload_file608_10510.pdf

X X IP Chapter Footnote:The Parties recognize that the UPOV Convention 1991 contains exceptions to the breeder’s right, including for acts done privately and for non-commercial purposes, such as private and non-commercial acts of farmers. Further, the Parties recognize that the UPOV Convention 1991 provides for restrictions to the exercise of a breeder’s right for reasons of public interest, provided that the Parties take all measures necessary to ensure that the breeder receives equitable remuneration. The Parties also understand that each Party may avail itself of these exceptions and restrictions. Finally, the Parties understand that there is no conflict between the UPOV Convention 1991 and a Party’s ability to protect and conserve its genetic resources.

U.S.-Panama Letter of Understanding:June 28, 2007The Honorable Alejandro FerrerMinister of Commerce and IndustryRepublic of PanamaDear Minister Ferrer:I have the honor to confirm the following understandings reached between the delegations of the United States and Panama in the course of negotiations regarding Chapter Fifteen (Intellectual Property Rights) of the United States – Panama Trade Promotion Agreement between our two Governments signed this day (the “Agreement”):

Each Party recognizes the importance of traditional knowledge and folklore to its people.Accordingly, the Parties will seek to work together in consulting on issues and positions in the World Intellectual Property Organization Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge, and Folklore in addressing matters related to traditional knowledge and folklore.If the United States and another government sign a free trade agreement that contains provisions addressing traditional knowledge or folklore, the United States and Panama shall promptly consult after that agreement enters into force on whether to apply similar provisions, as appropriate, between the United States and Panama.1

I have the honor to propose that this letter and your letter of confirmation in reply shall constitute an agreement between our two Governments, to enter into force on the date the Agreement enters into force.Sincerely,Susan C. Schwab

19 Canada-Panama (entered in force 1

X X X Agreement on the Environment between Canada and the Republic of Panama

13

April 2013)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CAN_PAN_Texts_e/index_PDF_e.asp

Article 10: Biological Diversity

1. The Parties recognize the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity in achieving sustainable development and reiterate their commitment to promote the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.

2. The parties also reiterate their commitment, as established by the Convention on Biological Diversity, to respect, preserve and maintain traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities that contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, subject to national legislation.

3. The Parties reiterate their sovereign rights over their natural resources and recognize their authority and obligations as established by the Convention on Biological Diversity with respect to access to genetic resources, and to the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of those genetic resources.

4. The Parties also recognize the importance of public participation and consultation, as provided by domestic law, on matters concerning the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.

5. The Parties shall endeavour to cooperate on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity as identified in Annex II.

The Parties shall also endeavour to cooperate in exchanging relevant information regarding:(a) the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity;(b) the avoidance of illegal access to genetic resources, traditional knowledge, innovations and practices; and(c) the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources and associated knowledge, innovations and practices.

20 Central America-Panama (entered in force 1 April 2013)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/capan/indice.asp

X X X X N/A

21 Colombia Chile-Colombia (entered in force 8 May 2009)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CHL_COL_FTA/CHL_COL_ind_PDF_s.asp

X X X Chapter 18: Environment

Artículo 18.3: Cooperación1. Las Partes reconocen que la cooperación contribuye a sus respectivos esfuerzos para asegurar que las políticas comerciales y ambientales se apoyen mutuamente y promuevan las mejores formas de utilización de los recursos naturales de acuerdo con el objetivo del desarrollo sostenible.2 Asimismo, las Partes reconocen la larga y fructífera trayectoria en materia de cooperación entre sus gobiernos.3 Para consolidar dicha cooperación, con el objeto de mejorar sus capacidades para proteger el medio ambiente y promover el desarrollo sostenible consistentemente con la profundización de sus relaciones de comercio e inversión,

14

las Partes se esforzarán por fortalecer dicha cooperación en los diversos foros bilaterales, regionales y multilaterales que comparten.4. Las Partes acuerdan impulsar actividades de cooperación en áreas de interés mutuo tales como:(a) desarrollo forestal y recursos naturales;(b) manejo de recursos hidrobiológicos;(c) desertificación y recuperación de cobertura vegetal;(d) mercados verdes;(e) ecoturismo y turismo sostenible;(f) biodiversidad;(g) fortalecimiento institucional y normativo;(h) control y monitoreo de la contaminación ambiental;(i) política de manejo de la calidad del agua y tecnologías para su tratamiento;(j) conservación de las áreas marinas y costeras;(k) manejo de cuencas;(l) fortalecimiento de mecanismos para el fomento de la educación ambiental y la participación pública;(m) pasivos ambientales;(n) evaluaciones ambientales estratégicas; y(o) otras que las Partes puedan acordar.

22 Colombia-North Triangle (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras)(entered into force for Guatemala 13 November 2009, El Salvador 1 February 2010 and Honduras 27 March 2010)

http://www.sice.oas.org/TPD/COL_Norte/Text/IndexPDF_s.asp

X X X X N/A

Colombia-European Free Trade Association (entered in force 1 July 2011)

http://www.sice.oas.org/

X X X Refer to number 13.

15

Trade/COL_EFTA/Final_Texts_e/index_e.asp

23 Colombia-Mexico(modified agreement enters into force 1 August 2011)http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/go3/G3INDICE.ASP

X X X X N/A

24 Canada-Colombia (entered in force 15 August 2011)

http://www.sice.oas.org/TPD/AND_CAN/Final_Texts_CAN_COL_e/index_e.asp

X X X Chapter 17: Environment

Article 1703: Agreement on EnvironmentIn furtherance of these principles, the Parties have set out their mutual obligations in the Agreement on the Environment between Canada and the Republic of Colombia (“Agreement on the Environment”) that addresses, inter alia:

(a) conservation, protection and improvement of the environment in theterritory of each Party for the well being of present and future generations;(b) a commitment not to derogate from domestic environmental laws in orderto encourage trade or investment;(c) conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and protection andpreservation of traditional knowledge;(d) development of, compliance with and enforcement of environmental laws;(e) transparency and public participation on environmental matters; and(f) cooperation between the Parties on the advancement of environmentalissues of common interest.

Agreement on the Environment between Canada and the Republic of Colombia

Article 5: Biological Diversity1. The Parties recognize the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity in

achieving sustainable development and reiterate their commitment to promote the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.

2. The Parties also reiterate their commitment, as established by the Convention on Biological Diversity, to respect, preserve and maintain traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities that contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, subject to national legislation.

3. The Parties reiterate their sovereign rights over their natural resources and recognize their authority and obligations as established by the Convention on Biological Diversity with respect to access to genetic

16

resources, and to the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of those genetic resources.

4. The Parties also recognize the importance of public participation and consultation, as provided by domestic law, on matters concerning the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.

5. The Parties agree to cooperate on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity within the framework provided by Section II of this Agreement.

6. The Parties shall endeavour to cooperate in order to exchange relevant information regarding:o (a) the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity;o (b) the avoidance of illegal access to genetic resources, traditional knowledge, innovations and

practices; and,o (c) the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and

associated knowledge, innovations and practices.25 Colombia-United

States of America (entered in force 15 May 2012)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/COL_USA_TPA_e/Index_e.asp

https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/agreements/fta/colombia/asset_upload_file953_10182.pdf

X X Chapter 18: Environment

Article 18.11: Biological Diversity1. The Parties recognize the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and their role in achieving sustainable development.2. Accordingly, the Parties remain committed to promoting and encouraging the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and all its components and levels, including plants, animals, and habitat, and reiterate their commitments in Article 18.1.3. The Parties recognize the importance of respecting and preserving traditional knowledge and practices of indigenous and other communities that contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.4. The Parties also recognize the importance of public participation and consultations, as provided by domestic law, on matters concerning the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. The Parties may make information publicly available about programs and activities, including cooperative programs, it undertakes related to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.5. To this end, the Parties will enhance their cooperative efforts on these matters, including through the ECA.

U.S-Colombia Understanding Regarding Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge November 22, 2006The Governments of the United States of America and the Republic of Colombia have reached the following understandings concerning biodiversity and traditional knowledge in connection with the United States – Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement signed this day:

The Parties recognize the importance of traditional knowledge and biodiversity, as well as the potential contribution of traditional knowledge and biodiversity to cultural, economic, and social development.The Parties recognize the importance of the following: (1) obtaining informed consent from the appropriate authority prior to accessing genetic resources under the control of such authority; (2) equitably sharing the benefits arising from the use of traditional knowledge and genetic resources; and (3) promoting quality patent examination to ensure the conditions of patentability are satisfied.The Parties recognize that access to genetic resources or traditional knowledge, as well as the equitable sharing of benefits that may result from use of those resources or that knowledge, can be adequately

17

addressed through contracts that reflect mutually agreed terms between users and providers.Each Party shall endeavor to seek ways to share information that may have a bearing on the patentability of inventions based on traditional knowledge or genetic resources by providing:

(a) publicly accessible databases that contain relevant information; and(b) an opportunity to cite, in writing, to the appropriate examining authority prior art that may have a bearing on patentability.

Colombia-European Union (entered in force 1 August 2013)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/COL_PER_EU_FTA/COL_EU_Accord_e.pdf

X X Refer to No.13 above

26 India-Sri Lanka FTA(entered into force 15 December 2001)

http://www.commerce.nic.in/ilfta.htm

X X X X N/A

27 India-Nepal Trade Treaty (entered into force 6 March 2002)

http://commerce.nic.in/trade/nepal.pdf

X X X X N/A

28 CECA Between the Republic of India and the Republic of Singapore (entered into force 1 August 2005)http://aric.adb.org/fta/india-singapore-comprehensive-economic-cooperation-

X X X X N/A

18

agreement29 South Asian Free

Trade Area (entered into force 1 January 2006)

http://aric.adb.org/fta/south-asian-free-trade-area

X X X X N/A

30 India-Bhutan Trade Agreement (entered into force 29 July 2006)http://aric.adb.org/fta/india-bhutan-trade-agreement

X X X X N/A

31 Korea-India CEPA (entered into force 1 January 2010)http://commerce.nic.in/trade/INDIA%20KOREA%20CEPA%202009.pdf

X X X X N/A

32 ASEAN- India Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (entered into force 1 January 2010)

http://aric.adb.org/fta/asean-india-comprehensive-economic-cooperation-agreement

X X X X N/A

33 India-Japan CEPA (entered into 1 August 2011)

X X X X N/A

19

http://aric.adb.org/fta/japan-india-comprehensive-economic-partnership-agreement

34 South Africa

South African Development Community (SADC) Free Trade Agreement (signed 17 August 1992 in Part 2 of Schedule No 16 to Customs and Excise Duty 1964)

http://www.sadc.int/documents-publications/sadc-treaty/

X X X X N/A

35 Agreement on Trade, Development and Co-operation between the European Community and its Member States and the Republic of South Africa (entered into force 1 May 2004)

http://ec.europa.eu/world/agreements/prepareCreateTreatiesWorkspace/treatiesGeneralData.do?step=0&redirect=true&treatyId=378

X X X X N/A

36 Free Trade Agreement between the EFTA States and the SACU

X X X X N/A

20

states (entered into force on 1 May 2008)

http://www.sars.gov.za/Legal/International-Treaties-Agreements/Trade-Agreements/Pages/EFTA.aspx

37 Indonesia ASEAN-People’s Republic of China Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (came into effect 1 July 2005)

http://aric.adb.org/fta/asean-peoples-republic-of-china-comprehensive-economic-cooperation-agreement

X X X X N/A

38 ASEAN-Korea Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (came into effect 1 June 2007)

http://aric.adb.org/fta/asean-korea-comprehensive-economic-cooperation-agreement

X X X X N/A

39 Agreement between Japan and the Republic of Indonesia for an Economic

X X X Article 123: Sub-Committee on Intellectual Property

For the purposes of the effective implementation and operation of this Chapter, the functions of the SubCommittee on Intellectual Property (hereinafter referred to in this Article as “the Sub-Committee”) established in accordance with

21

Partnership (in force 1 July 2008)

http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/indonesia/epa0708/agreement.pdf

Article 15 shall be: (a) reviewing and monitoring the implementation and operation of this Chapter; (b) discussing any issues related to intellectual property with a view to enhancing protection of intellectual property and enforcement of intellectual property rights and to promoting efficient and transparent administration of intellectual property protection system; (c) exchanging views on the following issues: (i) protection of genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore; and (ii) liability of internet service providers; (d) reporting the findings of the Sub-Committee to the Joint Committee; and (e) carrying out other functions as may be delegated by the Joint Committee in accordance with Article 14.

40 Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Partnership among Japan and Member States of ASEAN (came into effect 1 December 2008)

http://aric.adb.org/fta/asean-japan-comprehensive-economic-partnership

X X X X N/A

41 Agreement establishing the ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Area (came into effect 1 January 2010)

http://aric.adb.org/fta/asean-australia-and-new-zealand-free-trade-agreement

X X X Chapter 13: Intellectual Property

Article 8: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore

Subject to each Party’s international obligations, each Party may establish appropriate measures to protect genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore.

ASEAN-India Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (came into effect 1 January 2010)

X X X X See number 35 (N/A).

42 Thailand China-Thailand Free Not available

22

Trade Agreement (came into effect October 2003)

online

43 Thailand-Australia Free Trade Agreement (TAFTA) (came into effect 1 January 2005)

http://aric.adb.org/fta.php?id=44&ssid=3

X X X X N/A

44 Thailand-New Zealand Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (came into effect 1 July 2005)

X X X Chapter 12: Intellectual Property

ARTICLE 12.5: Other Cooperation1. Recognising that intellectual property rights can facilitate international trade through the dissemination of ideas, technology and creative works, the Parties, through their respective agencies responsible for intellectual property,shall:

(a) exchange information relating to developments in intellectual property policy;(b) encourage and facilitate the development of contacts and cooperation between their respective agencies, educational institutions, organisations and other entities concerning the protection of intellectual property rights with a view to improving and strengthening intellectual property administrative systems in areas such as patents and trademarks;(c) facilitate the sharing of information and cooperate on appropriate initiatives to promote awareness of intellectual property rights and Systems; and(d) cooperate to enhance understanding in new areas of intellectual property such as traditional knowledge, genetic resources, and folklore, recognising that each Party may wish, consistent with its obligations under the WTO Agreement, to establish appropriate measures to protect traditional knowledge, genetic resources and folklore.

ASEAN-People’s Republic of China Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (came into effect 1 July 2005)

X X X X See number 40.

ASEAN-Republic of Korea Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (came into effect 1 June 2007)

X X X See number 41.

45 Japan-Thailand X X X Chapter 10: Intellectual Property

23

Economic Partnership Agreement (came into effect 1 November 2007)

http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/thailand/epa0704/agreement.pdf

Article 143: Sub-Committee on Intellectual Property1. For the purposes of the effective implementation and operation of this Chapter, a Sub-Committee on Intellectual Property (hereinafter referred to in this Article as “Sub-Committee”) shall be established pursuant to Article 13.2. The functions of the Sub-Committee shall be: (a) reviewing the implementation and operation of this Chapter; (b) discussing any issues related to intellectual property with a view to enhancing protection of intellectual property and enforcement of intellectual property rights and to promoting efficient and transparent administration of intellectual property system, such as:

(i) issues on application procedure including requirement of authentication of power of attorney; (ii) issues on industrial designs including exception to lack of novelty, and defermentof publications; (iii) issues on trademarks including fee system, single application for goods and/or services in several classes, and renewal of registration; (iv) protection of new varieties of plants; (v) issues on prevention of unfair competition including registration and use of domain names in bad faith and imitation of configuration of goods, and injunctive relief for unfair competition; unfair competition including registration and use of domain names in bad faith and imitation of configuration of goods, and injunctive relief for unfair competition;(vi) issues on adequate and effective enforcement including procedures for border measures; and (vii) utilisation and commercialisation of intellectual property rights for small andmedium enterprises;

(c) discussing the following issues: (i) protection of partial designs; (ii) opportunities to make observations in case of intended refusal of applications forregistrations of trademarks; and (iii) traditional knowledge, genetic resources and folklore;

(d) exchanging views on issues relating to protection of geographical indications including any strengthening of such protection as referred to in paragraph 2 of Article 134; (e) reporting and making appropriate recommendations, as needed, to the Joint Committee; and (f) carrying out other functions as may be delegated by the Joint Committee pursuant to Article 13.

ASEAN-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership (came into effect 1 December 2008)

X X X X See number 43 (N/A).

ASEAN-India Comprehensive

X X X X See number 35 (N/A).

24

Economic Cooperation Agreement (entered into force 1 January 2010)ASEAN-Australia and New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (came into effect 1 January 2010)

X X X See number 44.

46 Peru-Thailand Free Trade Agreement (entered into force 31 December 2011)

http://aric.adb.org/fta/thailand-peru-free-trade-agreement

X X X X N/A

47 China People’s Republic of China-Hong Kong, China Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (came into effect 29 June 2003)

http://www.tid.gov.hk/english/cepa/files/main_e.pdf

X X X X N/A

China-Thailand Free Trade Agreement (came into effect October 2003)

??? See number 45.

48 People’s Republic of China-Macao Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (came into effect 1 January 2004)

X X X X N/A

25

http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/article/lawsdata/chineselaw/200411/20041100311063.shtmlASEAN-People’s Republic of China Comprehensive Economic Agreement (came into effect 1 July 2005)

http://aric.adb.org/fta/asean-peoples-republic-of-china-comprehensive-economic-cooperation-agreement

X X X X See number 40 (N/a).

49 Free Trade Agreement between the Government of the People’s Republic of China and the Government of the Republic of Chile (came into effect 1 October 2006)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CHL_CHN/CHL_CHN_e/Services_e.asp

X X X X N/A

50 People’s Republic of China-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement (came into effect 1 July 2007)

X X X X N/A

26

http://fta.mofcom.gov.cn/pakistan/xieyi/fta_xieyi_en.pdf

51 Free Trade Agreement between the Government of the People’s Republic of China and the Government of New Zealand (came into force 1 October 2008)http://images.mofcom.gov.cn/gjs/accessory/200804/1208158780064.pdf?bcsi_scan_B90AE85AF6AB15C6=0&bcsi_scan_filename=1208158780064.pdf

X X X Chapter 12: Intellectual Property

Article 165: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and FolkloreSubject to each Party’s international obligations, the Parties may establish appropriate measures to protect genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore.

52 China-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (entered into force 1 January 2009)http://fta.mofcom.gov.cn/topic/ensingapore.shtml

X X X X N/A

Peru-China (entered into force 1 March 2010)

http://www.sice.oas.org/TPD/PER_CHN/Texts_28042009_e/FullText_20090422_e.pdf

X X X See number 5

27

53 People’s Republic of China-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement (came into effect 1 August 2011)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CRI_CHN_FTA/Texts_Apr2010_e/CRI_CHN_Core_text_en.pdf?bcsi_scan_7823DFCE46415F3E=0&bcsi_scan_filename=CRI_CHN_Core_text_en.pdf

X X Chapter 10: Intellectual Property Chapter

Article 111: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore1. The Parties recognize the contribution made by genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore to scientific, cultural and economic development.2. The Parties acknowledge and reaffirm the principles and provisions established in the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted on 5th June 1992 and encourage the effort to establish a mutually supportive relationship between the TRIPS Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity, regarding genetic resources and the protection of traditional knowledge and folklore.3. Subject to each Party’s international obligations and domestic laws, the Parties may adopt or maintain measures to promote the conservation of biological diversity, share equitably benefits arising from the use of traditional knowledge, innovations and practices relevant to the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable use of its components in conformity with what is established in the Convention on Biological Diversity.4. Subject to future developments of domestic laws and the outcome of negotiations in multilateral fora, the Parties agree to further discuss the disclosure of origin or source of genetic resources; and/or prior informed consent obligations in patent applications; and the grant of a patent for an invention that involves or relies on genetic resources, when such resources were acquired or exploited without complying the relevant domestic laws or regulations.

Article 117: Cooperation1. The Parties shall cooperate, on mutually agreed terms and subject to the availability of appropriate funds, in the following activities:(a) education and dissemination projects on the use of intellectual property as a research and innovation tool;(b) training and specialization courses for public servants on intellectual property rights and other mechanisms;(c) exchange of information regarding conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity;(d) exchange of information regarding actions to prevent the illegal access to genetic resources, traditional knowledge, innovation and practices;(e) exchange of information regarding internal procedures for sharing equitable benefits arising from the use of genetic resources, traditional knowledge, innovations and practices;(f) exchange of information regarding policy dialogues related to intellectual property in multilateral and regional fora;(g) projects that enhance knowledge of electronic systems used for the management of intellectual property;(h) sharing experiences and coordination between the relevant customs administrations in the field of border measures;

Chapter 11: Cooperation, Promotion and Enhancement of Trade Relations

Article 123: Agricultural Cooperation1. The Parties recognize that agriculture constitutes a core activity for both Parties, and that enhancing this economic field will improve quality of life and social and economic development in their territories.2. In order to accomplish these objectives, and in accordance with their domestic laws, regulations and relevant procedures, the Parties shall cooperate, among others, in activities to:

28

(a) strengthen institutional capabilities of government agencies, research institutions, universities and businesses, in the areas of scientific investigation and transfer and validation of technologies including, among others, soil management and nutrition, irrigation and drainage, animal nutrition, horticulture under protected environments, traceability and safety, and bio fuels;(b) manage joint research projects in areas of mutual and complementary interests, as well as academic and business networks in the areas of agriculture and livestock;(c) develop and validate technologies for agriculture and livestock production of higher quality and lower environmental impact;(d) promote effective risk management in the agribusiness chains aiming to incorporate measures for adaptation and mitigation of climate change and variability;(e) transfer knowledge, technology, technical assistance and information services for sustainable land management and risk management for hydro meteorological phenomena;(f) create incentives and provide the information required in order to allow the exploitation of the markets by producers of agricultural, livestock and aquaculture goods produced through cleaner processes along the agricultural chains;(g) promote partnerships between public, private and academic sectors with the aim of supporting the development of innovative products and services, especially those related to the enhancement of productivity, competitiveness and the establishment of alliances to take advantage of trade opportunities in different agricultural and livestock production chains;(h) encourage capacity building, technology transfer, and research and development of agricultural and livestock biotechnology and bio-safety;(i) strengthen capabilities in plant genetic resources;(j) support, through market access, the production of non-traditional crops with a high level of biodiversity components;(k) strengthen seed technology capabilities;(l) strengthen public, private and academic capabilities for sustainable management of fisheries and aquaculture systems;(m) strengthen bilateral cooperation on sanitary and phytosanitary issues between each Party’s relevant institutions with a view to facilitating access to each other’s markets;(n) promote and manage services for the commercialization, logistics and marketing of agricultural products, livestock, aquaculture and processing products of agricultural origin;(o) promote the management and use of communication and information technologies for the modernization of agricultural and livestock public and private organizations; and(p) encourage strategies to promote undergraduate and graduate degrees, specialized training, research and training visits and the exchange of experiences between scientists, researchers and technical experts, among others.

Article 127: Other AreasThe Parties may agree to cooperate in other areas of mutual interest other than the ones set out in this Agreement. Such areas may include, among others, education, health, traditional medicine and infrastructure. Cooperation in these areas shall be carried out through the relevant authorities of each Party and upon agreement

29

54 Free Trade Agreement between the Swiss Confederation and the People’s Republic of China (entered into effect 1 July 2014)

http://www.ezv.admin.ch/pdf_linker.php?doc=D30_5_1_cn&lang=en

X X X Chapter 11: Intellectual Property

ARTICLE 11.9: Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge1. The Parties recognise the contribution made by genetic resources and traditional knowledge to scientific, cultural and economic development.2. The Parties acknowledge and reaffirm the principles established in the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted on 5 June 1992 and encourage the effort to enhance a mutually supportive relationship between the TRIPS Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity, regarding genetic resources and traditional knowledge.3. Subject to each Party’s international rights and obligations and domestic laws, the Parties may adopt or maintain measures to promote the conservation of biological diversity and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources and traditional knowledge.4. The Parties may require that patent applicants should indicate the source of a genetic resource and, if so provided by the national law, traditional knowledge, to which the inventor or the patent applicant has had access, insofar as the invention is directly based on this resource or this knowledge in accordance with domestic laws and regulations;5. If a patent application does not meet the requirements of paragraph 4, the Parties may set a time limit by which the applicant must correct the defect. The Parties may refuse the application or consider it withdrawn if the defect according to this paragraph has not been corrected within the set time limit.6. If it is discovered after the granting of a patent that the application failed to disclose the source or that intentionally false information was submitted, or other relevant laws and regulations were violated, the Parties may provide for appropriate legal consequences.

55 Free Trade Agreement between the Government of Iceland and the People’s Republic of China (entered into force 2 July 2014)

http://www.mfa.is/foreign-policy/trade/free-trade-agreement-between-iceland-and-china/

X X X X N/A

56 People’s Republic of China-Taipei, China Economic Cooperation in Framework Agreement

Not available online

57 Free Trade Agreement between the

X X X Chapter 15: Intellectual Property

30

Government of the People’s Republic of China and the Government of the Republic of Korea (signed June 1, 2015, awaits ratification)

Article 15.17: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore1. The Parties recognize the contribution made by genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore to scientific, cultural and economic development.2. The Parties acknowledge and reaffirm the principles established in the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted on 5 June 1992 (hereinafter referred to in this Article as the “Convention”) and respect the requirements in Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity, especially those on prior informed consent and fair and equitable sharing of benefits. The Parties encourage the effort to enhance a mutually supportive relationship between the TRIPS Agreement and the Convention, regarding genetic resources and traditional knowledge.3. Subject to each Party’s international rights and obligations and domestic laws, the Parties may adopt or maintain measures to promote the conservation of biological diversity and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources and traditional knowledge.4. Subject to future developments of multilateral agreements or their respective domestic legislations, the Parties agree to further discuss relevant issues on genetic resources.5. The Parties, recognizing that patents and other intellectual property rights may have an influence on the implementation of the Convention, shall cooperate in this regard subject to national legislation and international law in order to ensure that such rights are supportive of and do not run counter to the objectives of the Convention.

58 Free Trade Agreement Between the Government of Australia and the Government of the People’s Republic of China (signed on June 17, 2015)

X X X Chapter 11: Intellectual Property

Article 11.17: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore1. Subject to each Party’s international obligations and its laws, the Parties may establish appropriate measures to protect genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore.

2. The Parties agree to further discuss relevant issues concerning genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore, taking into account future developments in their respective laws and in multilateral agreements.

59 Egypt Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) (came into effect 8 December 1995)http://www.tas.gov.eg/NR/rdonlyres/B0E53876-8281-4ABF-A74F-67AC0529A96C/0/comesa.pdf

X X X X N/A

60 Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA)

Only available in Arabic

31

(came into effect 1 January 1998)

61 Agadir Free Trade Agreement (came into force March 2007)

http://www.tas.gov.eg/English/Trade%20Agreements/Publications/

X X X X N/A

62 Egypt-Turkey Free Trade Agreement (came into effect 1 March 2007)

http://www.tas.gov.eg/English/Trade%20Agreements/Publications/

X X X X N/A

63 Egypt-EFTA Free Trade Agreement (came into force 1 August 2007)

http://www.tas.gov.eg/NR/rdonlyres/E97AAD9E-F4BD-46EA-A5DC-CC58E93F30C6/2477/EFTAEgypt_FTA__Main_Agreement3491v24.pdf

X X X X N/A

64 EU-Egypt Partnership Agreement (came into effect 1 June 2010)

http://www.tas.gov.eg/NR/rdonlyres/E97AAD9E-

X X X X N/A

32

F4BD-46EA-A5DC-CC58E93F30C6/1760/Agreement_Eng1.pdf

65 Ukraine EU-Ukraine Association Agreement (enter into force 1 November 2014)

http://eeas.europa.eu/ukraine/pdf/5_ua_title_iv_trade_and_trade-related_matters_en.pdf

X X X Chapter 9: Intellectual Property

ARTICLE 229: Genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore1. Subject to their domestic legislation, the Parties shall respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, and promote their wider application with the involvement and approval of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilisation of such knowledge, innovations and practices. EU/UA/en 2872. The Parties recognise the importance of taking appropriate measures, subject to national legislation, to preserve traditional knowledge and agree to continue working towards the development of internationally agreed sui generis models for the legal protection of traditional knowledge.3. The Parties agree that the intellectual property provisions of this Sub-section and the CBD shall be implemented in a mutually supportive way.4. The Parties agree to regularly exchange views and information on relevant multilateral discussions.

66 Costa Rica Canada-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement (entered into force 1 November 2002)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/cancr/English/cancrin.asp

X X X X N/A

67 CARICOM-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement (entered into force for Barbados 1 August 2006; entered into force for Belize 10 March 2011; entered into force for Guyana 30 April 2006 and entered into force for Trinidad and Tobago 15 November 2005)http://www.sice.oas.org/

X X X X N/A

33

Trade/crcrcom_e/crcrcomind_e.aspCosta Rica-China Free Trade Agreement (entered into force 1 August 2011)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CRI_CHN_FTA/Texts_Apr2010_e/CRI_CHN_ToC_e.asp

X X See number 53.

Costa Rica-Peru Free Trade Agreement (1 June 2013)

X X X See number 14.

68 Costa Rica-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (enter into force 1 July 2013)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/CRI_SGP_FTA/Text_e.asp#a133

X X X Article 13.3: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore

1. The Parties recognize the contribution made by the genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore to scientific, cultural and economic development.2. The Parties acknowledge and reaffirm the principles and provisions established in the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted on 5 June 1992 94 and encourage a mutually supportive relationship between the TRIPS Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity.3. Subject to each Party’s international obligations and domestic laws, each Party may adopt or maintain measures to promote the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable utilization of its components and the fair and equitable participation in the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore in conformity with what is established in the aforementioned Convention.

Taiwan Taiwan-Panama FTA(entered into force 1 January 2004)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/PanRC/PANRC_e.ASP

X X X See number 15.

69 Taiwan-Guatemala FTA (entered into force 1 July 2006) http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/GTM_TWN_s

X X X CAPÍTULO 15: PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL

Artículo 15.03 Protección del Conocimiento Tradicional1. Cada Parte deberá proteger los derechos colectivos de propiedad intelectual y el conocimiento tradicional de sus pueblos indígenas y comunidades locales con respecto a sus creaciones comercialmente utilizadas. Esto se logrará por

34

/Text_s.asp#Art15.3 medio de un sistema especial de registro, promoción y comercialización de sus derechos, con miras a enfatizar los valores autóctonos, sociológicos y culturales de los pueblos indígenas y de las comunidades locales con el propósito de otorgarles justicia social.2. Cada Parte reconocerá aquellas costumbres, tradiciones, creencias, espiritualidad, religiosidad, cosmovisión, expresiones folklóricas, manifestaciones artísticas, destrezas tradicionales y cualquier otra forma de expresión tradicional de los pueblos indígenas y comunidades locales son parte de su patrimonio cultural.3. El patrimonio cultural no deberá estar sujeto a forma alguna de exclusividad por parte dé terceros no autorizados que apliquen el sistema de propiedad intelectual, salvo que la solicitud sea realizada por los pueblos indígenas y comunidades locales o por terceros autorizados por ellos.

Artículo 15.04 Protección del FolkloreCada Parte deberá asegura la protección efectiva de todas las expresiones y manifestaciones folklóricas y artísticas de la cultura tradicional y popular de las comunidades indígenas y locales.

Artículo 15.05 Relación entre el Acceso a Recursos Genéticos y la Propiedad Intelectual1. Cada Parte deberá proteger el acceso a sus recursos genéticos y al conocimiento tradicional desarrollado por sus pueblos indígenas y comunidades locales sobre los usos de los recursos biológicos que contengan dichos recursos genéticos, contra el uso indiscriminado de diversidad biológica, y además se asegurará de participar de los beneficios derivados del uso de sus recursos genéticos,2. Cada Parte deberá acordar una participación justa y equitativa en los beneficios derivados para el acceso a sus recursos genéticos y de los usos de su conocimiento tradicional y expresiones folklóricas.3. Cada Parte deberá asegurar que la protección acordada a la propiedad industrial salvaguardará su legado biológico y genético. Por consiguiente, las licencias de patentes sobre invenciones desarrolladas de materiales obtenidos del patrimonio o conocimiento tradicional deberán sujetas a la condición que ese material haya sido adquirido conforme a las leyes y reglamentos nacionales e internacionales que fueren pertinentes,

70 Nicaragua-Taiwan FTA (entered into force 1 January 2008)

http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/NIC_TWN/NIC_TWN_e/index_e.asp

X x X Chapter 17: Intellectual Property

Article 17.17 Protection of Traditional Knowledge1. Each Party shall protect the collective intellectual property rights and the traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples and local and ethnic communities in which any of their creations that are used commercially. Such protection shall be done through a special system of registering, promoting, and marketing their rights, with a view to emphasize the autochthonous sociological and cultural values of the indigenous people and the local and ethnic communities and to bring them social justice.2. Each Party shall protect the collective rights, traditional knowledge and practices of its indigenous peoples and local and ethnic communities in association with the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity through a special sui generis intellectual property registration system.3. Each Party shall recognize that the customs, traditions, beliefs, spirituality, religiosity, cosmos vision, folklore expressions, artistic manifestations, traditional skills and any other forms of traditional expression of the indigenous peoples and local and ethnic communities are a part of their cultural heritage.4. Each Party shall recognize that the cultural heritage is not subject to any type of exclusivity by third parties applying

35

an intellectual property system. However, the indigenous peoples and local and ethnic communities may authorize third parties to make use of such heritage, in the understanding that this shall not be an exclusive right.

Article 17.18 Protection of FolkloreEach Party shall ensure the effective protection of all expressions and manifestations of folklore, as well as the artistic manifestations of the traditional and popular culture of the indigenous peoples and local and ethnic communities.

Article 17.19 Relation between Access to Genetic Resources and Intellectual Property Each Party shall protect the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, the access to its genetic resources and the traditional knowledge developed by the indigenous peoples and local and ethnic communities regarding the use of biological resources that contain such genetic resources, while recognizing a fair and equitable participation in the benefits derived from the access to its genetic resources and the traditional knowledge associated with these resources by the indigenous peoples and local and ethnic communities.

71 Taiwan- Republic of El Salvador and the Republic of Honduras (entered into force 15 July 2009 for Honduras, 1 March 2008 for El Salvador, and 1 January 2008 for Taiwan) http://www.sice.oas.org/Trade/SLV_HND_TWN_FTA_e/Index_e.asp

X X X X N/A

72 Taiwan-New Zealand (entered into force 1 December 2013)

https://nzcio.com/node/252

X X Chapter 10: Intellectual Property

Article 6: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and FolkloreSubject to the international obligations that are applicable to each Party, each Party may establish appropriate measures to protect genetic resources, traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions or folklore.

Chapter 19: Cooperation on Indigenous Issues

Article 2: Implementation2. The Parties shall, through their coordinating authorities:(a) hold at least one meeting each year for the planning of measures designed to enhance economic, cultural and people-to-people contacts between the indigenous peoples in the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu and New Zealand’s Māori; (b) promote and facilitate the exchange of experiences relating to indigenous peoples’ issues, including the following

36

areas: economic and business development, tourism, natural resource development, artistic performances, agricultural production, culture, language promotion, education, human rights, land ownership issues, employment, social policy, biodiversity, sports and traditional medicine;

73 Taiwan-Singapore FTA (entered into force 19 April 2014)

http://www.iesingapore.gov.sg/Trade-From-Singapore/ASTEP/Legal-Text

X X X X N/A

37