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Antibiotics

(-lactamsand tetracyclins)

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cephalosporins:

Cephems having the basic structure shown. See also cephams, cephems, penams, penems, penicillins.

cephams:

Natural and synthetic antibiotics containing the 5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]octan-8-one nucleus;generally assumed to have the 6Rconfiguration, unless otherwise specified. The numbering useddiffers from that of the von Baeyer named bicyclic system. Where they differ, the von Baeyernumbering is shown in parentheses.

cephems:

3,4-Didehydrocephams: 5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-8-ones. See cephalosporins, cephams.

penams:

Natural and synthetic antibiotics containing the 4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one structure,generally assumed to have the 5Rconfiguration unless otherwise specified. The numbering of the

penam skeleton differs from that of the von Baeyer named bicyclic system. Where they differ the

von Baeyer numbering is shown in parenthesis in the example. Cf. penems.

penems:

2,3-Didehydropenams. Cf. penams.

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penicillins:

Substituted penamshaving the basic structure shown, including the natural penicillins and syntheticanalogues.

tetracyclines:

A subclass of polyketideshaving an octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide skeleton, substituted withmany hydroxy and other groups. E.g.

chlortetracycline

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