Nokia Siemens Networks_SURPASS HiT 7035_Technical Description

1/91 ON NGM Xie Yijian R. Koster

Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7035 June 15, 2010 / Issue 9.0

Copyright 2007 Nokia Siemens Networks. All rights reserved.

Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7035 Issue 9.0




The information contained in this document is confidential and the property of Nokia Siemens Networks and is supplied without liability for errors or omissions. It is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for the use of Nokia Siemens Networks customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may be used, reproduced, modified or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation.

This Technical Description is provided as a generic descriptive document only. It does not include any legally binding statement. The product features, and details thereof, discussed in this Technical Description may include those that prove to be temporarily or permanently unavailable. Nokia Siemens Networks reserves the right to alter without notice the specification, design, price or conditions of supply of any product or service.

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History of Changes

Control Date Author Comments

3.0 20.06.2007 Rainer Koster Rebranded to NSN layout

4.0 Feb 27, 2008 Th. Jost New SW license structure added

5.0 Jun 05, 2008 Rainer Koster New 4x STM-1 board and enhanced temperature variant added

6.0 Sep 08, 2009 Christoph Schwinghammer

Update with new core

7.0 Sep 15, 2009 Rainer Koster Update of mapping table

8.0 Apr 15, 2010 Xie Yijian Update of port cross connection & VLAN aggregation feature Description of 4x GE card updated Description of DNI function added List of electromagnetic compatibility requirements updated

9.0 Jun 15, 2010 Xie Yijian

Rainer Koster

Modification on description of 4x GE/T card STM-1 I-1 optical interface added modification on max. power consumption update of thermal standard (ETSI Class 3.2 on environment




Contents

1. Introduction ............................................................................ 8

1.1 Editorials ........................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Next Generation SDH ....................................................................................... 8 1.3 SURPASS hiT 70 series ................................................................................... 9

2. SURPASS hiT 7035 Overview............................................. 10

2.1 Overview......................................................................................................... 10 2.1.1 Physical Structure ........................................................................................... 11 2.1.2 Cross Connection and Switching Capability ................................................... 13 2.1.3 Line/Service Interface ..................................................................................... 13

Data Capabilities ............................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Advanced Data Service Support..................................................................... 14 2.2.1 IEEE 802.1Q (VLAN) ...................................................................................... 14 2.2.2 Input Information Rating Limiting .................................................................... 15 2.2.3 Class of Service .............................................................................................. 15 2.2.4 GFP Data Encapsulation ................................................................................ 15 2.2.5 Virtual Concatenation and LCAS .................................................................... 15 2.2.6 RSTP Based Protection .................................................................................. 16 2.2.7 L2 Multicast Function ...................................................................................... 16 2.2.8 Ethernet Transport Schemes .......................................................................... 16

2.3 Network Protections........................................................................................ 17 2.4 Main Features & Strengths ............................................................................. 18 2.4.1 Flexibility ......................................................................................................... 18 2.4.2 Reliability......................................................................................................... 18 2.4.3 Modularity and Scalability ............................................................................... 18 2.4.4 Ease of use ..................................................................................................... 19 2.4.5 Data Handling Capabilities.............................................................................. 19

3. System Application .............................................................. 20

3.1 Networking Capability ..................................................................................... 20 3.1.1 Termination and Multiplexing (TM) ................................................................. 20 3.1.2 Hubbing and Local Cross Connect ................................................................. 21 3.1.3 Linear .............................................................................................................. 22 3.1.4 Ring................................................................................................................. 22 3.1.5 Multiple Ring Closure...................................................................................... 23

3.2 Ethernet Service Applications ......................................................................... 23

4. System Description .............................................................. 24

4.1 Physical Structure and Module Construction .................................................. 24 4.1.1 Chassis Slot Naming....................................................................................... 24 4.1.2 SURPASS hiT 7035 interface options ............................................................ 25

4.2 Power Supply.................................................................................................. 26 4.3 FAN................................................................................................................. 26 4.4 System Controllers (SC, SCE and SCE plus)................................................. 26




4.5 System Interface Panel (SI) ............................................................................ 27 4.6 Cross-Connect Switching (CC) ....................................................................... 27 4.7 SDH Interfaces................................................................................................ 27 4.7.1 1x STM-4 Interface Board............................................................................... 27 4.7.2 2 STM-1 Interface Board............................................................................... 28 4.7.3 4 STM-1 Interface Board............................................................................... 28 4.7.4 2 STM-1E (W/P) Interface............................................................................. 28

4.8 PDH and Data Service Interfaces ................................................................... 29 4.8.1 8x FE/L2 Service Interface Card..................................................................... 29 4.8.2 8x FE/T Service Interface Card....................................................................... 31 4.8.3 1x GE/T Service Interface Board .................................................................... 33 4.8.4 4 GE/T........................................................................................................... 34 4.8.5 3 E3/DS3 (W/P) Interface Card..................................................................... 36 4.8.6 63 E1 (W/P) Interface Card........................................................................... 36

4.9 IMA Interfaces................................................................................................. 37 4.9.1 IMA 126 E1 (W/P) Interface Card ................................................................. 37

4.10 Optical Amplifier.............................................................................................. 37 4.11 User Channel (F1) .......................................................................................... 40 4.12 Engineering Order Wire (EOW) ...................................................................... 40 4.13 Miscellaneous Discrete Input/Output (MDI/MDO)........................................... 41 4.14 Introduction to Software licensing................................................................... 41 4.14.1 General Structure of new SW items................................................................ 42 4.14.2 Software license structure of SURPASS hiT 7035 ......................................... 43

5. Protection and Redundancy................................................. 45

5.1 Network Protection.......................................................................................... 45 5.1.1 MS-SPRing ..................................................................................................... 45 5.1.2 MSP ................................................................................................................ 45 5.1.3 SNCP.............................................................................................................. 46 5.1.4 DNI.................................................................................................................. 46 5.1.5 LCAS............................................................................................................... 47 5.1.6 Ethernet Shared Protection Ring .................................................................... 47 5.1.7 Multiple Layers Protection............................................................................... 47

5.2 Equipment Redundancy and Protection ......................................................... 48 5.2.1 Redundant Power Supply ............................................................................... 48 5.2.2 Redundant Cross-Connect ............................................................................. 48 5.2.3 Electrical Interface Module Protection ............................................................ 48 5.2.4 Protection under Abnormal Condition ............................................................. 48 5.2.5 Software Fault Tolerance................................................................................ 49 5.2.6 Data Security .................................................................................................. 49

6. Technical Specification ........................................................ 50

6.1 Multiplexing Structure ..................................................................................... 50 6.2 SDH Overhead................................................................................................ 52 6.3 Interface Types ............................................................................................... 53 6.3.1 Electrical Interfaces......................................................................................... 54 6.3.2 Optical Interfaces ............................................................................................ 54 6.3.3 Management and Maintenance Interface ....................................................... 56




6.4 Interface Performance Specifications ............................................................. 56 6.4.1 Optical Interface Performances ...................................................................... 56 6.4.2 STM-1 Optical Interface Performance ............................................................ 57 6.4.3 STM-4 Optical Interface Performance ............................................................ 58 6.4.4 STM-16 Optical Interface Performance .......................................................... 59 6.4.5 Multi-rate CWDM interface Optical Performance............................................ 60 6.4.6 2.5G DWDM interface Optical Performance ................................................... 61 6.4.7 GE Optical Transmitter and Receiver Interfaces ............................................ 63 6.4.8 Electrical Interface Performances ................................................................... 65 6.4.9 Timing and Synchronization Performance ...................................................... 67 6.4.10 Jitter Performance........................................................................................... 67 6.4.11 STM-N Interface Output Jitter ......................................................................... 67

6.5 Timing ............................................................................................................. 70 6.6 Power Source ................................................................................................. 70 6.6.1 Power Supply.................................................................................................. 70 6.6.2 Power Consumption........................................................................................ 71 6.6.3 Cooling............................................................................................................ 71 6.6.4 Mechanical Structure ...................................................................................... 71

6.7 Environment Requirements ............................................................................ 71 6.7.1 Enhanced Temperature Variant...................................................................... 72

6.8 Electromagnetic Compatibility......................................................................... 72 6.9 Vibration Tests ................................................................................................ 74 6.9.1 Shipping Test .................................................................................................. 74 6.9.2 Office Test....................................................................................................... 74

6.10 Alarms and Events.......................................................................................... 75 6.10.1 Alarm Types.................................................................................................... 75 6.10.2 Alarm Severity Level ....................................................................................... 75 6.10.3 Alarm Reports ................................................................................................. 75 6.10.4 Events ............................................................................................................. 76

7. Standard Compliance .......................................................... 79

8. Appendix 1: Definitions and Abbreviations .......................... 81

9. Appendix 2: Basis Technologies.......................................... 85

9.1 Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)................................................................. 85 9.2 Virtual Concatenation (VCat) .......................................................................... 87 9.3 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) .................................................... 88 9.4 Ethernet Functions and Services .................................................................... 88

10. Appendix 3: Related Documents ......................................... 91




List of Figures Figure 1 - Future Traffic Growth.................................................................................................... 8

Figure 2 - SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis ......................................................................................10

Figure 3 – SURPASS hiT 7035 Physical Structure.....................................................................12

Figure 4 - Three Ethernet data transmission methods in SURPASS hiT 7035 ring ...................17

Figure 5 - SURPASS hiT 7035 termination and multiplexing capability .....................................20

Figure 6 - SURPASS hiT 7035 termination and multiplexing capability .....................................21

Figure 7 - SURPASS hiT 7035 linear network configuration ......................................................22

Figure 8 - SURPASS hiT 7035 2-fiber MS-SPRing application ..................................................22

Figure 9 - Multiple Ring closure at a single SURPASS hiT 7035 node ...................................... 23

Figure 10 - SURPASS hiT 7035 Chassis view ...........................................................................24

Figure 11 - SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis slot naming.................................................................25

Figure 12 - SURPASS hiT 7035 Cards List ................................................................................26

Figure 13 - Functional block diagram of 2 STM-1E (W/P) card protection ...............................29

Figure 14 - 8 FE/L2 card functional block diagram ...................................................................30

Figure 15 - 8 FE/L2 interface card external interfaces..............................................................31

Figure 16 - 8 FE/L2 card LEDs .................................................................................................31

Figure 17 - 8 FE/T card functional block diagram.....................................................................32

Figure 18 - 8 FE/T interface card external interfaces................................................................ 32

Figure 19 - 8 FE/T card LEDs ...................................................................................................33

Figure 20 - 1 GE/T service board module functional block diagram.........................................33

Figure 21 - Functional block diagram of 3 E3/DS3 (W/P) card protection................................36

Figure 22 –Functional block diagram of IMA (W/P) card protection ...........................................37

Figure 23 – OA module functional building block diagram .........................................................38

Figure 24 – OA module safty procedure .....................................................................................40

Figure 25 – OA card external interfaces .....................................................................................40

Figure 26 – OA card LEDs .......................................................................................................... 40

Figure 27 – External XOW box ...................................................................................................41

Figure 28: Software license structure in Next Generation Metro ................................................42

Figure 29: Software license structure of SURPASS hiT 7035 ....................................................44

Figure 30: Software license structure of SURPASS hiT 7035 – E1 Extension shelf ..................45

Figure 31 - Cross-Connect Multiplexing Structure (ITU-T G.707) .............................................. 50

Figure 32 - Terminated Mapping Structure .................................................................................51

Figure 33 - Payload Mapping ...................................................................................................... 51

Figure 34 – SURPASS hiT 7035 supported SDH overhead process .........................................53

Figure 35 – SURPASS hiT 7035 Interface Types.......................................................................53




Figure 36 - SURPASS hiT 7035 optical service interfaces supported........................................55

Figure 37 - STM-N Optical Interface Parameters and Application Codes ..................................56

Figure 38 - SURPASS hiT 7035 STM-1 Optical Interface Specifications ...................................57

Figure 39 - SURPASS hiT 7035 STM-4 Optical Interface Specifications ...................................59

Figure 40 - SURPASS hiT 7035 STM-16 Optical Interface Specifications.................................59

Figure 41 - SURPASS hiT 7035 CWDM Optical Interface Specifications ..................................61

Figure 42 - SURPASS hiT 7035 DWDM Optical Interface Specifications ..................................62

Figure 43 - SURPASS hiT 7035 DWDM Wavelenthes...............................................................62

Figure 44 - 1000 Base-SX transmitter interface parameters ......................................................63

Figure 45 - 1000 Base-SX receiving interface parameters.........................................................64

Figure 46 - 1000 Base-LX Transmitter interface parameters .....................................................64

Figure 47 - 1000 Base-LX receiver interface parameters...........................................................64

Figure 48 - 2048 kbit/s Electrical Interface Parameters..............................................................65

Figure 49 - Electrical Interface Output Signals Bit Rate Allowable Deviation............................. 66

Figure 50 - Electrical Interface Allowable Input Attenuation .......................................................66

Figure 51 - Electrical Interface Allowable Input Port Frequency Deviation................................. 66

Figure 52 - Electrical Interface Input Port Anti-interference Capability .......................................67

Figure 53 - Timing Output Jitter .................................................................................................. 67

Figure 54 - Internal Timing Source Output Frequency ...............................................................67

Figure 55 - STM-1/-4/-16 Interface Output Jitter.........................................................................68

Figure 56 - STM-1 Interface Jitter Tolerance ..............................................................................68

Figure 57 - STM-4 Interface Jitter Tolerance ..............................................................................69

Figure 58 - STM-16 Interface Jitter Tolerance ............................................................................69

Figure 59 - PDH mapping jitter generation specification ............................................................69

Figure 60 - SURPASS hiT 7035 PDH interface combined jitter generation spec....................... 70

Figure 61 - SURPASS hiT 7035 Environment Requirements.....................................................72

Figure 62 - SURPASS hiT 7035 Electromagnetic Compatibility RequirementsFehler! Textmarke nicht definiert.

Figure 63 - Shipping Test Standards ..........................................................................................74

Figure 64 - Office test standards................................................................................................. 75

Figure 65 - Management Events.................................................................................................76

Figure 66 - Hardware Events ...................................................................................................... 77

Figure 67 - Software Events........................................................................................................ 78

Figure 68 - GFP mapping............................................................................................................ 86

Figure 69 - Comparison between GFP and PPP........................................................................87

Figure 70 – Port Cross Connection.............................................................................................89

Figure 71 – Port+VLAN Cross Connection .................................................................................90




1. Introduction

1.1 Editorials

This document is a technical description for the product SURPASS hiT 7035. The technical descriptions of other products of the SURPASS hiT 70 series are also available. This document is not a marketing document. The target of this document is to inform on detail about the product, product features and the application in the network environment.

It is not a document for advertisement purposes but it is useful to inform our customer in detail in the after sales period. For marketing and advertisement related product information please contact the sales department.

If the reader is looking for information on the basis technologies please refer to 9 Appendix 2: Basis Technologies.

1.2 Next Generation SDH For almost two decades, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) has been the preferred transport technology over optical fibers. SDH is the dominant transport protocol in virtually all long-haul networks (voice and data) as well as in metro networks that were originally developed for voice traffic. As a resilient, well-understood transport mechanism, SDH has stood the test of time. Its reliability is unsurpassed. The ability of SDH to support 50-msec switching to backup paths, combined with extensive performance monitoring features for carrier-class transport.

Legacy SDH was designed mainly to transport circuit oriented services like voice and as such is an inherently rigid and inefficient method for transporting data. Traditionally a single wire speed Gigabit Ethernet service (1.25G) will be allocated to one STM-16 channel (2.5G). This means 48 % of the of this STM-16 pipe remains as idle capacity.

Figure 1 - Future Traffic Growth

1

10

100

1000

10000

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Tbit/s Phone

Internet

Intranet WAN

Source: NSN




The phenomenal growth in bandwidth, connectivity and content generated by the Internet, Intranet and broadband applications, has made native data transfer a very important criteria for telecommunication infrastructure (see Figure 1). Ethernet has become the de facto standard for enterprise networks. In Storage Area Networks (SAN), ESCONTM, FICONTM and Fiber Channel are by far today‘s most dominating technology as well.

The solution is Next Generation SDH—technology that transforms rigid, circuit-oriented SDH networks to a universal transport mechanism that is optimized for both voice and data. The technology enables carriers to keep up with growing demands for bandwidth, to efficiently carry both streaming and bursty traffic, and adapt to constantly changing traffic patterns. Multiple protocols and thus services are supported: from basic TDM voice, Ethernet, as well as SAN.

1.3 SURPASS hiT 70 series

Siemens has introduced a new range of equipment that makes the promise of Next Generation SDH a reality: the SURPASS hiT 70 series. This platform provides the flexibility of true packet switching and Ethernet transport, while operating with the inherent reliability of SDH. Multiple network elements are integrated and consolidated into a single compact unit. The efficiency of this approach, together with extensive use of highly integrated components allows the SURPASS hiT 70 series to be offered at lower costs than current solutions.

Data + Voice = SURPASS hiT 70 series

In order to address the varying needs and requirements of carrier‘s carrier, carrier and enterprise, the SURPASS hiT 70 series consists of a diverse range of products, namely:

SURPASS hiT 7080 ADM / CC multiple STM-64

SURPASS hiT 7070 SC/DC ADM / CC, multiple STM-64

SURPASS hiT 7065 ADM / CC, multiple STM-64

SURPASS hiT 7060 HC ADM 64, multiple STM-16

SURPASS hiT 7060 ADM, multiple STM-16

SURPASS hiT 7035 ADM 16/4/1, multiple STM 4 upgradeable to

multiple STM16

SURPASS hiT 7030 ADM 4/1 modular

SURPASS hiT 7025 ADM 16/4/1, multiple STM 4 upgradeable to

multiple STM16

SURPASS hiT 7020 ADM 4/1 single board CPE




This Technical Description covers SURPASS hiT 7035, only. For detailed description of the other product please refer to 10 Appendix 3: Related Documents.

2. SURPASS hiT 7035 Overview

2.1 Overview

SURPASS hiT 7035 is a compact carrier class full blown STM-4/-1 add-drop-multiplexer which can be upgraded to a compact STM-16 ADM.

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports core equipment protection with no single point of failure, and PDH electrical protection.

It offers rich Ethernet features.

Applications:

Optimized for SDH applications with data capabilities

In transmission networks of mobile network

Central office STM-16/-4/-1 add drop multiplexer

High-end enterprise services SURPASS hiT 7035 offers a High Order cross connection capacity up to 32.8G and a Low Order cross connection capacity up to 5G.

Figure 2 - SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis




Surpass hiT 7035 offers a powerful and cost-effective product design for PDH, SDH and data applications independent if these applications capabilities are requested for use in central offices, fixed part of mobile networks or in combination with high-end enterprise services.

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports the complete range of PDH and SDH interfaces ranging from E1, E3/DS3, STM-1 el./opt. to STM-4 and even STM-16. It provides a full suite of SDH functions including mapping, multiplexing, cross-connection and various protection schemes.

SURPASS hiT 7035 has a modular and scalable design, enabling a pay-as-you-grow deployment plan. The system can be initially deployed as a low cost, modest capacity system, and then enlarged to a high capacity, multi-service system. A large variety of service modules ensure a cost-effective match with service demands of today while retaining superior flexibility to meet future service requirements.

Its advance software architecture design results in a highly fault-tolerant system. Combined with built-in hardware redundancies, SURPASS hiT 7035 achieves carrier-class reliability with 99.999% availability.

The system is fully compliant with ITU-T and/or IEEE standards, and is inter-operable with other standards-based SDH, multi-service transport, and data communication products.

Utilizing SURPASS hiT 7035 in combination with the multi-service capabilities of Siemens TNMS network management system, service providers can cost-effectively grow their embedded base networks or launch new networks

2.1.1 Physical Structure

The physical dimensions of SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis are 403mm (wide) 486mm (high) 240mm (deep) (300mm back to door), which is compliant to 19 and 21 inch industry standards.




Figure 3 – SURPASS hiT 7035 Physical Structure

The dimension of physical cards is:

Long cards, SC = 253 mm x 264 mm x 30 mm

Short cards, PWR = 238 mm x130 mm x 30 mm

Long IO (1-4) = 229mm x 329mm x 33 mm

SI, Short IO (5-7) = 198 mm x 130 mm x 33 mm

FAN = 225 mm x 245 mm x 52 mm

All external interfaces have front access.

LC2

LC4

LC3

CC w/ STM-16/4/1

CC w/ STM-16/4/1

LC5

F

A

IO 4 IO 1 IO 2 IO 3 SCE

SI IO5 IO7 LC8

LC7

LC10

LC9

IO6 LC11

LC1

LC6

PWR

PWR




2.1.2 Cross Connection and Switching Capability

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports three types of cross connection and switching capabilities:

ADM-4/-1: 7.2G/2.5G CC with 1x STM-4/-1 line interface:

HOCC: (7.2G)

LOCC: (2.5G)

ADM-16/-4: 15.2G/5 CC with 1x STM-16/-4 line interface:

HOCC: 15.2G

LOCC: 5G

ADM-16/-4/-1: 33G/10 CC with 2x STM-16/-4 or 1*STM-16+4*STM4/1 line interface:

HOCC: 33G

LOCC:10G

2.1.3 Line/Service Interface

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides the following line interfaces:

1. SDH: 1 STM-4 Optical Line Interface Board

2. SDH: 2 STM-1 Optical Interface Board

3. SDH: 2 STM-1E (W/P) Electrical Interface Card

4. SDH: 2 STM-1E PaddleCard

5. PDH: 3 E3/DS3 (W/P) interface card

6. PDH: 3 E3/DS3 Paddle

7. PDH: 63 E1 (W/P) client interface card

8. PDH: 63 E1 75ohm Paddle

9. PDH: 63 E1 120ohm Paddle

10. ATM-IMA 126xE1 interface card

11. IP/Ethernet: 8 FE/L2 interface card

12. IP/Ethernet: 8 FE/T Ethernet interface card

13. IP/Ethernet: 1 GE/T interface card

14. 4xGE/T interface card




15. Optical Amplifier cards (13, 15 and 18 dBm)

16. Optical Pre-Amplifier card (20dB)

Data Capabilities

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports GFP (ITU-T G.7041 / Y.1303) encapsulation for Ethernet data.

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports VC-12-nv, VC-3-nv and VC-4-nv virtual concatenation (ITU-T G.707 / Y.1322) efficiently mapping data traffic into SDH payload. SURPASS hiT 7035 also supports LCAS (G.7042) at VC-12-nv, VC-3-nv and VC-4-nv level, which provides dynamic bandwidth adjustment.

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides SDH network protection functions including Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring, Multiplex Section Protection 1 + 1 unidirectional/bi-directional, and Sub-Network Connection Protection (SNCP) at VC-12/-3/-4 levels.

2.2 Advanced Data Service Support

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports the following Layer 2 data functions:

1) IEEE 802.1Q (VLAN)

2) Input information limiting

3) Class of Service

4) GFP

5) VCAT and LCAS

6) RSTP

7) Layer 2 multicast

8) ESR

2.2.1 IEEE 802.1Q (VLAN)

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports Ethernet switching function, which is in compliance with IEEE Standard 802.1Q. SURPASS hiT 7035 supports VLAN on a per port basis. Each data port can be enabled or disabled for VLAN function.

At the ingress, each port can be set either to accept both VLAN-tagged and untagged frames, or to accept only the VLAN-tagged frames depending on the application requirements. At the egress, each port can be set to remove the VLAN tags or keep the VLAN tags. It is also possible to assign each port a PVID (Port-based VLAN ID), which will be inserted to the untagged frames as a VLAN ID when the frames come into the port. In addition, each port can be put into one or more VLANs by assigning a VLAN list to it, allowing different customers or different applications to share the same port. All




services within the specific VLAN in the list can dynamically share the bandwidth of the port and still retain security. If the port belongs to a VLAN, the frames of that VLAN will be able to pass-through the port; otherwise the frames will be discarded.

Optionally, each port can be set to transparent mode, meaning that no switching functions will be performed on the frames. In this case, the pairing of one LAN (customer) port and one WAN (internal uplink) port must be established.

2.2.2 Input Information Rating Limiting

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports Input Rate Limiting function on a port basis or a VLAN basis.

An input information rate-limiting feature allows the one to control the maximum bandwidth an end user can obtain from the network. The minimum rate is 128 Kbit/s, and the bandwidth incremental granularity is as low as 128 Kbit/s.

2.2.3 Class of Service

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports 802.1p CoS at a port basis or a VLAN basis.

At the ingress of every port, there is a buffer to accommodate the input burst when the output port is congested. The memory for buffering is shared among all ports on a card, and the total capacity is up to 16 Mbytes. At the egress of every port, there are four queues, which can be assigned with different priorities or weights. The scheduling scheme can be set either to strict policing or Weighted Round-Robin.

2.2.4 GFP Data Encapsulation

SURPASS hiT 7035 incorporates advanced Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) (G.7041 / Y.1303) mapping scheme to encapsulate Ethernet traffic into SDH payloads. GFP encapsulated data is then mapped into SDH payloads using Virtual Concatenation techniques of ITU-T standard G.707/Y.1322. This process provides the most efficient mapping of the packets and the greatest bandwidth

2.2.5 Virtual Concatenation and LCAS

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports VC-12-nv, VC-3-nv and VC-4-nv. The VC provides fine-tuned SDH pipes to match the needs of packet – and to boost carriers’ traffic-handling scalability and efficiency. The system can accommodate up to 48ms (for all transparent cards) or 32 ms (for FE/L2 card) delay deference between the fastest VC-4 member and the slowest VC-4 member and accommodate 16 ms delay deference between the fastest VC-12 member and the slowest VC-12 member.




SURPASS hiT 7035 supports LCAS. The combination of VCAT and LCAS provide soft protection schemes. LCAS provides dynamic adjustment of the size of a virtually concatenated group of channels.

2.2.6 RSTP Based Protection

The Rapid Spanning Tree protocol acc. IEEE 802.1w and MSTP acc. IEEE 802.1s prevent against loops at the WAN side of the network while providing L2 protection.

2.2.7 L2 Multicast Function

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports Layer 2 multicast functionality including pre-provisioned static multicast, or IGMP Snooping controlled dynamic multicast.

2.2.8 Ethernet Transport Schemes

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports three Ethernet data transport schemes, which are described below:

Point-to-point transparent: In this mechanism, dedicated bandwidth is assigned to end-to-end traffic. The Virtual Concatenation technique is used in the SURPASS hiT products to provide more efficient bandwidth assignment. This scheme is more suitable for high security requirements and delay-sensitive traffic as each traffic has a dedicated bandwidth. The drawback is the limited bandwidth efficiency. As we know, Ethernet traffic has bursty characteristics and is delay insensitive. Statistical multiplexing is usually employed in data network to achieve bandwidth efficiency. Dedicated bandwidth per data flow is not efficient for bursty traffic transmission.

Layer 2 aggregation In this mechanism, the Ethernet switching and aggregation is performed at the NE to allow local user traffic to be aggregated into a higher rate SDH trunk. The statistical multiplexing of multiple Ethernet traffic makes the bandwidth utilization more efficient.

Port Cross Connection That means the frame from ingress port (both WAN or LAN) will be forward to egress port (both WAN or LAN) according to the ingress port. At the ingress port a forward table is configured by operator to define the egress port base on the ingress port

Port + VLAN Cross Connection (VLAN aggregation ) That means the frame from ingress port from ingress port (both WAN or LAN) will be forward to egress port (both WAN or LAN) according to its VLAN tag. At the ingress port a forward table is configured by operator to define the egress port based on VLAN. Untagged frame will be discarded.




Ethernet Shared Ring (ESR) The ESR (Ethernet Shared Ring) is a variable length packet switched multi-node ring.

o Data traffic shares the same ring bandwidth

o Nodes on ring have IEEE802.3 Address

o Header has IEEE802.3 type Destination Address and Source Address

o MAC and VLAN based switching

o Destination strips unicast packets

o Drop and continue for broadcast and multicast

o Source node strips broadcast packets

o Class of Service indication in the header supports multiple traffic priorities on ring

o Rapid Spanning Tree protocol (IEEE 802.1w and IEEE802.1s) to prevent building loops and to provide layer 2 protections in ring configuration.

The ESR (Ethernet Shared Ring) technology can efficiently add/drop or duplicate the data traffic on a ring. This dramatically increases the transport efficiency when compared with the traditional point-to-point networking technology that may lead to back-haul traffic and inefficient multicast traffic.

ESR is based on the RSTP technology to prevent the Ethernet Loop and Broadcast Storm. If using the Multi-STP, functionality of the spatial reuse, different VLAN can go through different path, and can balance the traffic between the different paths.

(c) Ethernet Shared Ring(a) Point-to-point(transparent)

(b) Local Aggregation-Layer 2switching-VLAN aggregation

3WAN

i nterf aces

9WAN

Inter faces

3 L AN

int erf aces

2 WAN

in terf aces

3 L AN

i nterf aces

3 LAN

inte rfaces

Loc al muxing

Figure 4 - Three Ethernet data transmission methods in SURPASS hiT 7035 ring

2.3 Network Protections

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides traffic protection in the SDH layer:

MS-Spring at STM-4 and STM-16 level,

1+1 MSP at STM-1, STM-4 and STM-16 level,

Both of SNCP/I and SNCP/N at LO VC-12, LO VC-3, HO VC-4 and HO VC-4-4c levels




DNI at STM-4 and STM-16 level

SURPASS hiT 7025 also provides traffic protection in the Ethernet layer:

LCAS soft protection (Diverses routing),

Link aggregation at LAN and WAN side.

2.4 Main Features & Strengths

2.4.1 Flexibility

The hiT 7035 offers the flexibility to be used as full blown ADM-1/ ADM-4 to compact ADM-16.

Interconnection to your SDH network can be at STM-16, STM-4 or STM-1 level.

For reach of very long and ultra long distance applications without use of intermediated regenerators optical booster and preamplifiers are offered. Maximum distances up to 160 km (in compliance with ITU-T Recommendation G.692 U-16.2/3) can be achieved.

2.4.2 Reliability

SURPASS hiT 7035 is due to its full redundancy concept a very reliable product:

The system is based on the standardized SDH technology, which is a market proven networking technology.

Highly integrated components guarantee for highest system reliability:

Optical transmission can be protected using Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring, Sub-Network Connection Protection (SNCP), and Multiplex Section Protection 1+1 unidirectional / bidirectional.

Thermal Sensor detects if the internal temperature exceeds the threshold and raise the over temperature alarm.

2.4.3 Modularity and Scalability

SURPASS hiT 7035 is of modular design and allows therefore a high configuration versatility.

All optical line interfaces uses SFP optical modules. This modularity reduces the spare part stock and increases the flexibility of the system as on the same card different types of SFP modules can be used on different ports (e.g. short haul and long haul).




The scalability from full blow ADM-1/ ADM-4 to compact ADM-16 allows for flexible growth with evolving networking needs.

SURPASS hiT 7035 offers the ability to interface with all NSN and other vendor’s optical networking systems.

The same applies for data processing equipment as the equipment offers standardized Ethernet interfaces (10/100 BaseT, 100 Base FX, FC1G or 2G and Gigabit Ethernet).

2.4.4 Ease of use

All optical and electrical interfaces have front access.

Support for Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) optical interfaces for STM-16, STM-4, STM-1, 100Base FX, FC1G or 2G, and GE SFP optical interfaces, allow convenient field replacement of the optical interfaces. As the network evolves, different optical modules can be inserted to meet the changing network environment and growth.

Additional, state-of-art electrical SFP module is supported for STM-1 interface card and GE card.

2.4.5 Data Handling Capabilities

Support for 4094 VLANs per L2 switch card in order to transport end-user data securely with a variety of Class-of-Service options that allow differentiated services between users or between applications with a given user.

Ethernet traffic is encapsulated into SDH using either GFP. This provides the most advanced and efficient way to carry data traffic within a SDH network.

Virtual Concatenation is used to provide scalable, efficient, compatible, and resilient use of SDH to move traffic. This greatly increases the useable bandwidth of the network.




3. System Application SURPASS hiT 7035 multi-service access platform is a highly flexible product capable of supporting a variety of network applications like bandwidth access, service-on-demand and LAN services.

SURPASS hiT 7035 can be configured in such a way that it supports a large variety of network applications with any mix of PDH, SDH and Ethernet services.

3.1 Networking Capability

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides high flexibility and compactness supporting a large variety of configurations for STM-16, STM-4 and STM-1 network applications:

Termination and multiplexing

Small local cross connect

Linear

Ring

Multi Ring closure

3.1.1 Termination and Multiplexing (TM)

SURPASS hiT 7035 system can be configured to function as a hub-Terminal at STM-16, STM-4 or STM-1 level

Figure 5 - SURPASS hiT 7035 termination and multiplexing capability

SURPASS

hiT 7035 STM-1/-4/16

E1

E3/DS3

10/100M

10/100/1000M

100M FX

GE

STM-1E

STM-1/4

ATM IMA

FC




3.1.2 Hubbing and Local Cross Connect

SURPASS hiT 7035 system can be used to function as a small local cross-connect system (or can be applied in hubbing configurations). This allows various hybrid network architectures with a variety of connection speeds and network topologies such as rings, multi-rings, subtending rings, or linear structures. This eliminates the need for back-to-back terminals and greatly increases network flexibility.

SURPASS hiT 7035 can serve a cluster of other terminals, for example SURPASS hiT 7030 or other vendor’s products that have standard SDH interfaces, located at remote sites, through point-to-point connections with optional 1+1 MSP protection. It also serves as an aggregation Hub for Subtending Rings. This feature eliminates back-to-back terminals that would be required to serve multi-ring connections using equipment with less ring-closure capabilities.

+

Figure 6 - SURPASS hiT 7035 termination and multiplexing capability

SURPASS

hiT 7035 STM-1/-4/16 STM-1/-4/16

E1

E3/DS3

100/100M

10/100/1000M

100M FX

GE

STM-1E

STM-1/4

ATM IMA

FC




3.1.3 Linear

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports STM-16/-4/-1 linear network topology as depicted in figure below:

Figure 7 - SURPASS hiT 7035 linear network configuration

3.1.4 Ring

Rings provide redundant bandwidth and/or equipment to ensure system integrity in the event of any transmission or timing failure, including a fiber cut or node failure. A ring is a collection of nodes that form a closed loop, in which each node is connected to adjacent nodes.

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports two-fiber MS-SPRing. Figure below shows a SURPASS hiT 7035 ring example.

Figure 8 - SURPASS hiT 7035 2-fiber MS-SPRing application

When using the MS-SPRing protection mechanism, rings ranging from 3 to 16 nodes are supported (the maximum of 16 nodes in a ring is specified in G.841). They perform automatic protection switching (revertive) in less than 50 milliseconds.

2-Fiber STM-4/16 ring

hiT7035

hiT7035 hiT7035

hiT7035

hiT7035 TM

hiT7035 ADM

hiT7035 TM




3.1.5 Multiple Ring Closure

A single network element as depicted in Figure 9 can interconnect two SURPASS hiT 7035 rings working at different or the same line speeds.

Figure 9 - Multiple Ring closure at a single SURPASS hiT 7035 node

3.2 Ethernet Service Applications

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides data transport over SDH, and offers various data applications in addition to traditional TDM applications. This offers service providers a cost-effective, simple, and reliable multi-service solution for their customers.

SURPASS hiT 7035 can provide aggregation from any port to any port, and then connect it to a router. SURPASS hiT 7035 can support up to 4094 VLANs on the Ethernet port allowing bandwidth to be shared for different customer applications depending on the priority or security required for the application.

Normally a user does not require all of the available bandwidth, for instance 600 Mbit/s which can be provided by a VC-4-4v. By using the VLAN capability, the whole bandwidth of 600 Mbit/s can be allocated across multiple users, giving each a committed information input rate. Hence, the bandwidth of the physical link can be more effectively utilized.

In addition, using Virtual Concatenation and LCAS can more accurately adjust the physical bandwidth to meet customer demands, as opposed to traditional contiguous concatenation. This further enhances bandwidth efficiency.

Additionally to being able to provide precise customer-required bandwidth levels, four queues for service priority can be assigned per Port/VLAN. This enables additional flexibility in pricing and over-subscription service plans.

By using the VLAN function, the operator can provide Transparent VLAN Service (TVS) for different customers. For example, a GE user or multiple 10/100M Ethernet users can be aggregated and transported while retaining secure connections.

The use of GFP data mapping techniques within SURPASS hiT 7035 greatly improves the bandwidth efficiency of the connections.

Ring 1

(STM - 1/4/16)

hiT7035

hiT7035 hiT7035

hiT7035

hiT7035

hiT7035

hiT7035Ring 2

(STM-4/16)




4. System Description

4.1 Physical Structure and Module Construction

SURPASS hiT 7035 is designed to fit ETSI (21 inch) and EIA 300 (19 inch) requirements. A SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis view is shown below:

Figure 10 - SURPASS hiT 7035 Chassis view

SURPASS hiT 7035 sub-rack is structured using a vertical oriented, multi-card chassis.

4.1.1 Chassis Slot Naming

SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis slot and slot naming is shown below:

LC stands for Line Card, CC stands for Cross Connect Card, SC stands for System Controller, IO stands for Input/Output Card, SI stands for System Interface and PWR stands for Power filter and converter module.




Figure 11 - SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis slot naming

4.1.2 SURPASS hiT 7035 interface options

In the following table all interface options provided by SURPASS hiT 7035 are listed.

Card Name Allowable Card

Location

Maximum number of ports

[per system]

Cross Connect Card with 1xSTM-4/-1 CC1, CC2 1 [2]

Cross Connect Card with 1xSTM-16/-4 CC1, CC2 1 [2]

Cross Connect Card with 2xSTM-16 or 1*STM-16+4*STM-4/1

CC1, CC2 5 [10]

1 STM-4 Line Interface Board LC6 to LC9 1 [4]



LC2

LC4

LC3

CC w/ STM-16/4/1

CC w/ STM-16/4/1

LC5

F

A

IO 4 IO 1 IO 2 IO 3 SCE

SI IO5 IO7 LC8

LC7

LC10

LC9

IO6 LC11

LC1

LC6

PWR

PWR




Card Name Allowable Card

Location

Maximum number of ports

[per system]

2 STM-1E Interface Board LC6 to LC9 2[8]

8 FE/T Card LC6 to LC9 8 [32]

8 FE/L2 LC6 to LC9 8 [32]

1 GE/T LC6 to LC9 1 [4]

3 E3/DS3 LC6 to LC9 3 [12

63 E1 LC1 to LC5 63 [252]

ATM IMA LC1 to LC 4 2[8]

4 GE/T LC6 to LC9 4 [8]

Figure 12 - SURPASS hiT 7035 Cards List

Both the optical and electrical interface access is on the front of the sub-rack. Card faceplates are provided for all cards with information on card type, LED description, and unique serial number on each label. Faceplate covers are available for empty slots.

4.2 Power Supply

SURPASS hiT 7035 DC power supply provides two -40V DC to -72V DC power supplies to offer full equipment redundancy.

4.3 FAN

There is one fan assembly on the bottom of the chassis. The fan working status is indicated at the interface panel. The fan assembly is replaceable when the system is in service.

4.4 System Controllers (SC, SCE and SCE plus)

SURPASS hiT 7035 has a dedicated system controller. This controller has on its front side several service interfaces: management, console, MDI/MDO, etc.




4.5 System Interface Panel (SI)

The system interface panel provides the synchronization interfaces (T3 and T4).

4.6 Cross-Connect Switching (CC)

The CC card provides a cross connect function. To fit the customers’ different application economically, the SURPASS hiT 7035 provide three types of CC cards: one with 15.2G/5G with 1 STM-16/-4, one with 7.2G/2.5G with 1 STM-4/-1 and one with 32.8G/10G and 2*STM-16 or 1*STM-16 + 4*STM-4/1.

4.7 SDH Interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides following SDH interfaces:

1 STM-4 Interface Board



2 STM-1E interface Card

4.7.1 1x STM-4 Interface Board

This board provides 1 optical interface with a signal rate of 622 Mbits/s. The STM-4 interface is fully compliant with ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards. This module supports hot swappable SFP optical module. The STM-4 optical interface on this board can be paired with any STM-4 interface on another board for 2-fiber STM-4 ring closure. The STM-4 ring supports MS-SPRING, MSP, and SNCP protection function.




4.7.2 2 STM-1 Interface Board

This board provides 2 optical interfaces with a signal rate of 155 Mbits/s. The STM-1 interfaces are fully compliant with ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards. This module supports two hot swappable SFP optical modules. On STM-1 level MSP and SNCP protection is supported.

4.7.3 4 STM-1 Interface Board

This board provides 4 optical interfaces with a signal rate of 155 Mbits/s. The STM-1 interfaces are fully compliant with ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards. This board supports four hot swappable SFP optical modules or SFP electrical modules. On STM-1 level MSP and SNCP protection is supported.

4.7.4 2 STM-1E (W/P) Interface

This card offers 2 STM-1E electrical interface, and supports redundant (1+1) 2 STM-1E card protection.

Using the redundancy option implement the following devices two 2 STM-1E functional cards and one 2 STM-1E I/O board.

The 2 STM-1E functional card performs 2 STM-1E signal mapping and framing function.

The 2 STM-1E EC board provide 2 STM-1E interfaces. This board is connected to both 2 STM-1E (working) and 2 STM-1E (protection) card simultaneously.

Under normal condition, the STM-1E client interface is connected to the 2 STM-1E (working) card. If the 2 STM-1E (working) card fails, the 2 STM-1E EC board will switch to the 2 STM-1E (protection) card.

Figure 13 depicts the functional block diagram of 2 STM-1E (W/P) card protection.




2x STM-1E transceiver & Framing function2 STM-1E EC

2 STM-1E (W)

2x STM-1E transceiver & Framing function

SC

SelectorRelay

To CC boardvia Backplane

2 STM-1E (P) To client equipment

Figure 13 - Functional block diagram of 2 STM-1E (W/P) card protection

4.8 PDH and Data Service Interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports the following service cards:

Data cards:

8 FE/L2 Service Interface Card

8 FE/T Service Interface Card

1x GE/T Service Interface Board

4x GE/T Service Interface Board

PDH cards:

3 E3/DS3 (W/P) Interface Card

63 E1 (W/P) Interface Card

4.8.1 8x FE/L2 Service Interface Card

This card provides 410/100M Base-T interfaces (RJ-45), One RJ45 can be used for two LAN ports, There are eight WAN ports on the network side. Up to 8x 10/100M traffic can be aggregated at WAN port side and forwarded to a SDH line interface for transmission with up to 4 VC-4 at the network / WAN side.

Ethernet over SDH functions by this card are:

Supports GFP encapsulation (ITU-T G.7041/Y.1303)

Scalable bandwidth through VC-12-nv (n=1,…,46) and VC-3-nv (n=1,2)




LCAS support according ITU-T G.7042

Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) 1800 bytes

The Layer 2 functions supported by this card are:

10/100Mbit/s Ethernet VLAN trunking

VLAN and double VLAN tagging, providing increased number of VLANs

Access Control List (ACL) based on MAC addresses

Rapid Spanning Tree (802.1w) for the WAN ports, dramatically reducing restoration time

Layer 2 multicast functions (including static provisioned multicast and IGMP Snooping multicast functions), saving bandwidth on applications such as multi-media video

Layer 2 aggregation function

Providing per port/VLAN rate limiting function: the rate range of each port is from 200kbps （ 128kbps ） ~100Mbps, and the rate provisioning granularity is 1kbps(128kbps)

Providing 802.1p QoS/CoS based on Ethernet port and/or VLAN

Layer 2Ouad

100Base-T PHY

EOS(GFP)

VC-12-nv,VC-3-nv,VC-4-nv

4xVC-4 to XCT via backplane

4x RJ-45connectors

Figure 14 - 8 FE/L2 card functional block diagram

Each LAN and WAN interface has a buffer to support bursty data traffic transmission. The input buffer of the interface can accommodate up to 256 frames. Each interface has 8 output queues, each of which has a buffer that can accommodate up to 96 frames to be sent out. As each input buffer and output buffers are independently using the dedicated memory spaces, instead of sharing any common memory space, there will be no mutual influence between the input buffer and the output buffers.

Interface Description

FE Electrical Interface

4x RJ-45 connectors, each connector supports two channels of Fast Ethernet service via an external Ethernet splitter.





Standard compliance

10M BASE-T (IEEE 802.3)

100M BASE-T (IEEE 802.3u)

Data rate supported

10Mbit/s (half-duplex, full-duplex, flow control)


Cables:

Use of 4 ports only:

10/100 BASE-T: 100 Ohms two pairs shielded twisted pair cable (STP) and two pairs of unshielded twisted pair cable (Category 5 UTP). The reaching distance is up to 100m

Use of 8 ports:

10/100 BASE-T: 100 Ohms four pairs shielded twisted pair cable (Category 5) in combination with 2-in-1 RJ45 splitter box.

Figure 15 - 8 FE/L2 interface card external interfaces

Name Color Status Functional Description

On The link is up.

A green LED per interface indicates the

link up and down OFF The link is down.

ON Transmitting or receiving data.

(FE port LED)

A yellow LED per interface indicates the

activity OFF No data.

Figure 16 - 8 FE/L2 card LEDs

4.8.2 8x FE/T Service Interface Card

This card has 8 10/100M Base-T IEEE 802.3 compatible Ethernet interface ports, and can provide transparent transmission for up to 8x 10/100M connections. The total available bandwidth on the network side is 4 VC-4 equivalent.

Supports GFP encapsulation (ITU-T G.7041/Y.1303)

Scalable bandwidth through VC-12-nv (n=1,…,46) and VC-3-nv (n=1..3)

LCAS support according ITU-T G.7042

Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) 1800 bytes up to 9600 bytes (jumbo frame support)




Even with minimal equipment investment, this Ethernet card still provides very attractive services to the end customers, like:

Scalable bandwidth without having to change interfaces

A transparent LAN service that hides the complexity of the WAN for end users (a WAN that looks like a LAN)

High availability LAN service because of end-to-end SDH protection switching

Octal 100Base-T

PHY

EOS (GFP, LAPS, VC-

12-nv, VC-3)

Network side:Total 4xVC4 bandwidth(to the backplane)

8x RJ-45connectors

Client side:Up to 8 FE signals

Figure 17 - 8 FE/T card functional block diagram


4x RJ-45 connectors, each connector supports two channels of Fast Ethernet service via an external Ethernet splitter.

Standard compliance

10M BASE-T (IEEE 802.3)

100M BASE-T (IEEE 802.3u)

Data rate supported


100Mbit/s (half-duplex, full-duplex, flow control) FE Electrical Interface

Cables:

Use of 4 ports only:

10/100 BASE-T: 100 Ohms two pairs shielded twisted pair cable (STP) and two pairs of unshielded twisted pair cable (Category 5 UTP). The reaching distance is up to 100m

Use of 8 ports:

10/100 BASE-T: 100 Ohms four pairs shielded twisted pair cable (Category 5) in combination with 2-in-1 RJ45 Splitterbox.

Figure 18 - 8 FE/T interface card external interfaces






On

The link is up. A green LED per interface indicates the link up and down

OFF The link is down.

ON Transmitting or receiving data.

(FE port LED)

A yellow LED per interface indicates the activity OFF No data.

Figure 19 - 8 FE/T card LEDs

4.8.3 1x GE/T Service Interface Board

The board provides one 1000Base-X interface (1 SFP module).

Application:

GE p2p; Mapping into VC-4-Xv (X=1...4) or VC-3-Xv(X=1…12) payload for transmission.

Virtual mode enabled: The Ethernet side provides eight 10/100 Mbps virtual ports VLAN aggregation function is used.

VC4, VC-3-Xv(X=1…3), VC-12-Xv(X=1…46) mapping is available.

The functional block diagram of this board is depicted in the following Figure

Figure 20 - 1 GE/T service board module functional block diagram




4.8.4 4 GE/T

This card provides 4 LAN interfaces on the side and 32 WAN ports like described in the drawing:

This card provides 4 client interfaces on the LAN side:

Interface ports 1 and 2 of this board can be configured as 1G Ethernet, 1G Fiber Channel or 2G Fiber Channel:

1G Ethernet, Port 1 and Port 2 can be 1G Ethernet

1G Fiber channel, Port 1 and Port 2 can be 1G Fiber Channel

2G Fiber Channel, Port 1 can be 2G Fiber Channel

FC(1G) can have a bandwidth through VC-4-X6 and VC-3Xv(x=1-21 and 19 is the best).

FC(2G) can have the bandwidth through VC-4VX

GE LAN can have scalable bandwidth through VC-4Xv( x=1 to 7), VC-3Xv(x=1-21) and VC-12Xv(x=1-46).

Interface ports 3 and 4 can be configured as 1G Ethernet or 10/100/1000Mps triple speed with E-SFP

• 1000Mbps with SFP

• 10/100/1000Mbps with E-SFP

• 100Mbps with SFP




GE LAN can have scalable bandwidth through VC-4Xv( x=1 to 7), VC-3Xv(x=1-21) and VC-12Xv(x=1-46).

10/100/1000 Base LAN can have scalable bandwidth through VC-4Xv( x=1 to 7), VC-3Xv(x=1-21) and VC-12Xv(x=1-46).

100-Base FX can have scalable bandwidth through VC-4Xv( x=1), VC-3Xv(x=1-3) and VC-12Xv(x=1-46).

On the WAN side this card provides 32 WAN (VCG) ports to share 16xVC-4 bandwidth on the backplane and each VC4 can be mapped into VC3 or VC12. The first WAN can have bandwidth till 14Xvc-4 so that it can used to aggregate more than two GE traffic

This card support two Modes

1. Port cross connection Port cross connection function can transport the Ethernet traffic through the SDH network using GFP-F, and transport the fiber channel packet using GFP-T

At the same time, it can support VLAN operate on the input packets includes:

1) Just forward without any VLAN operation.

2) Add a PVID based on Port

3) Stack a VLAN Tag

4) Strip VLAN tag at the egress

2. Port+VLAN cross connection (VLAN aggregation) At the same time, it can support VLAN operate on the input packets includes:

1) Forwarding the packet without any VLAN manipulation

2) Stacking a VLAN tag (double tag tunneling)

3) Ttranslating a VLAN ID (VLAN id replace)

4) Stripping the VLAN tag at the egress (new request)

For more information about Port Cross Connection and Port+VLAN Cross Connection feature, please refer to Appendix 9.3: Port Cross Connection and Port+VLAN Cross Connection

For hiT7035, 4xGE/T can be inserted on SLOT 8/9 when 33G/10G CC is configured.

Traffic manager include Policing (CIR/PIR), QOS (VLAN priority) and Schedule (WRED/SP/WRR) is supported in this 4*GE/T card.




4.8.5 3 E3/DS3 (W/P) Interface Card

This card has 3 E3/DS3 software configurable interfaces; each E3/DS3 signal is mapped into a Lower Order VC-3 and forwarded to line interface for transmission. The E3/DS3 interface uses CC4 connector.

Figure 21 depicts the functional block diagram of 3 E3/DS3 (W/P) card protection.

Mapping each E3/DS3 To VC-3 3 E3/DS3 EC

3 E3/DS3 (W)

Mapping each E3/DS3 To VC-3

SC

SelectorRelay

To CC boardvia Backplane

3 E3/DS3 (P)

Figure 21 - Functional block diagram of 3 E3/DS3 (W/P) card protection

The SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis supports 1:3 protection for the E3/DS3 card.

4.8.6 63 E1 (W/P) Interface Card

The 63 E1 interface card contains the following two types of long cards:

(1) 63 E1 Function Card

(2) 63 E1 EC (Electrical Connectors) Card with 75Ohm/120Ohm version connector.

In the retiming mode, the transmitter eliminates wander and jitter in the incoming clock.

While the rate of the outgoing 2 Mbit/s or 2MHz signal is normally equal to the rate of the 2 Mbit/s or 2MHz signal going into the SDH network, occasionally this relationship disappears. A retiming function is necessary for suppression of jitter and wander that the 2Mbit/s signal suffers during transmission in SDH and which makes the signal useless for carrying the synchronous frequency to the PDH domain.




To retime an outgoing 2 Mbit/s or 2MHz signal, means simply to retime this signal with the internal clock of the multiplexer equipment in which the desynchronization takes place. This can be done by reading the recovered 2Mbit/s or 2MHz signal into an elastic store and timing the output of the elastic store with the system clock.

When the device is set in the retiming mode all jitter and wander due to the multiplexing or demultiplexing process in the transmission is eliminated.

4.9 IMA Interfaces

4.9.1 IMA 126 E1 (W/P) Interface Card

The IMA 126 E1 interface card contains the following two types of long cards:

(1) IMA 126 E1 Function Card

(2) 2x STM-1 IMA IO Card

2x STM-1 ATM IO

2xSTM-1 ATM

126xE1 IMA (P)

126xE1 IMA (W)

To CC board via Backplane

Figure 22 –Functional block diagram of IMA (W/P) card protection

4.10 Optical Amplifier

This OA (Optical Amplifier) module provides uni-directional single optical amplifier function with optical performance monitoring capabilities.

Optical Amplifiers are available with 13, 15 or 18 dBm output power.

Additionally there is also a Pre-amplifier module available (20 dB).

These modules are designed to compensate losses in the entire C band and increasing therefore the span performance of the system without need for intermediated regenerators. The module functional building block diagram is shown below.




EDFA Module

Embedded CPU

RS-232

FPGA

OA Card

Optical Signal IN

Optical Signal OUT

To SC (System Controller)

Figure 23 – OA module functional building block diagram

The EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) sub-module is the core building block for this card. It provides optical signal amplification function. With integrated fast digital circuit and advanced software, the EDFA can be configured to operate at APC, ACC or AGC mode.

APC (automatic power control) mode: In this mode, the optical output power is

maintained constant by adjusting the laser pump current to compensate minor

changes in OA input power, component aging, and temperature variation. This

mode is mainly used in post-amplifier application.

AGC (automatic gain control) mode: In this mode, the OA provides constant gain

power by adjusting the pump laser current to compensate minor changes in

component aging and temperature. This mode is mainly used in pre-amplifier

application.

ACC (automatic current control) mode: In this mode, the pump laser current is

maintained constant.

These modes can be set through software according to customer’s requirements. In addition, other significant parameters that need to be pre-set are:

Input optical power low threshold

Output optical power low threshold




Low and high temperature threshold for output power shutdown

This OA provides the following performances monitoring parameters:

OA Input Power (dBm), precision to 0.01dBm

OA Output Power (dBm), precision to 0.01dBm

OA Module Gain (dB), precision to 0.01dB

OA Pump Power (mW), precision to 0.01mW

OA module internal temperature, precision to 0.1 C degree

OA module pump drive current, precision to 0.1 A

OA power module power supply voltage, precision to 0.01V

This OA module board can be configured to use one of the following 4 EDFA sub-modules:

Booster 13dBm

Booster 15dBm

Booster 18dBm

Pre-amp 20dB

All EDFA sub-modules above use single-stage or dual-stage un-cooled 980nm pump lasers.

OA Safety Procedures

The OA module safety procedures supported are described in the table below.

Feature Description

ALS After 500ms or more of continuous presence of the LOS defect, the laser will automatically shutdown; the reduction of the optical output power at OA input port occurs within 800ms from the moment loss of optical signal occurs at OA output port.

Whenever the OA’s input signal vanishes, the OA’s optical output signal will be shut down. When the input signal returns, the output power will be restored.

Automatic Link restore

- The minimum optical signal restore delay is 100s. - The activation for Transmitter /Receiver is less than 0.85s. - The maximum deactivation time of booster and preamplifiers is 100 ms. - The maximum activation time of an booster is 100 ms. - The maximum activation time of preamplifier is 300ms.




Feature Description

Manual Restore

"Manual restart" or "Manual restart for test" can only be activated when the laser is shut down.

Figure 24 – OA module safty procedure


Connector Type LC connector

Pre-amp -35 to -10 dBm Optical Interface Input power range Booster

amp. -6 to +3 dBm

Figure 25 – OA card external interfaces


ON There are fault conditions presented in this card. Fault Red

OFF This card is in normal condition.

ON The OA optical link is normal. Link 1 Green

OFF The optical link is down.

Figure 26 – OA card LEDs

4.11 User Channel (F1)

Two 64kbps G.703 interfaces are provided and the following SDH Overhead bytes can be allocated: E1, E2 and/or F1.

4.12 Engineering Order Wire (EOW)

The hiT 7035 uses VoIP (H.323) technology to provide the EOW function on a DCC channel or uses an external data network.

The hiT 7035 VoIP based EOW provides unicast and multicast calling, and broadcast communications.

Traditional XOW over E1/E2/F1 will be implemented via an external XOW box.

For hiT 7035:

There are one RJ45s on the SC card. Users may totally select all the channels of E1/E2 from the system. And will be terminated by the system. There is no limitation on the card




or STM-N port level. Only one F1 channel can be selected at the same time. On external XOW Box, there is one V.11 access for F1 channel, and the physical interface is DB15. And there is one RJ11 accessed for phone.

SURPASS hiT 7025 / 7035

SURPASS hiT 70 XOW

RJ 45 Cable

EOWC

Phone Set

Figure 27 – External XOW box

For more details please refer to the SURPASS hiT 7035 XOW technical description

4.13 Miscellaneous Discrete Input/Output (MDI/MDO)

The SURPASS hiT 7035 provides 8 miscellaneous discrete input points and 8 miscellaneous discrete output points (4 of MDOs are always used for rack alarm).

MDI is used to read the status of external alarm points. Both the MDI description and severities are provision able on the management system. Any external equipment to be monitored must provide the electrical equivalent of a contact closure across the corresponding pairs. The MDI voltage specifications are as below:

MDI Voltage range: 0~ -75V

Inactive: 0~ -10V

Active: -18~ -75V

MDO is used to drive external devices. MDO actions are activated or deactivated manually by the management system. Miscellaneous discrete output points are hard contact, its contact rating as below:

Max DC Voltage: 110VDC @ 0.3A

Max AC Voltage: 125VAC @ 0.3A

Max Current: 1A @ 30VDC

4.14 Introduction to Software licensing




Mandatory SW items

Optional SW items

Upgrade SW items

SW Maintenance items

Up to now SW licenses for Next Generation Metro equipment were un-recognized add-on items and the sales of these products have been dominated by HW selling. The SW license structure guarantees an optimized Network performance with minimum TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) by customized feature set. Within the hiT 70xx portfolio there are several features are being introduced like capacity based licenses, support of Matrix protection, support of extension shelves and ASON/GMPLS.

This SW license structure allows following equipment configuration principles:

• Offer only what is actually required

• Exclude non-mandatory features explicitly

• Tailoring of SW bundles allows up-sell potential

• Protect the individual SW value drivers by selling them separately

• Do not automatically design & price all SW features for the whole network

4.14.1 General Structure of new SW items

The Software item structure implemented within the product line Next Generation Metro

are divided into 3 general categories: mandatory SW license items, optional application

feature SW license items and upgrade SW license items. These are further represented

in the following document by a colour code indicated in the drawing below.

Figure 28: Software license structure in Next Generation Metro

Mandatory SW items




The mandatory Software items represent the basic functionality of the system, and one

of these core licenses are mandatory to be equipped for each equipment core.

Optional SW items

The optional Software items are items that represent additional types of functionality.

These can be:

Additional optional feature packages

Additional functionality related with HW configuration

Additional capacity

Upgrade SW items

The upgrade Software items are available for each individual product to provide

release upgrades. Release upgrades are in general upgrades where the succeeding

release contains a higher feature set. This is in general represented by a number in the

release name of the product.

Core Upgrade SW item

The Core Upgrade Software item is required for each node that shall be extended from

a 15.2G to a 32.8G capacity.

SW Maintenance items

The Software Maintenance items are available for each individual product to provide

maintenance related services, namely to solve technical queries (to provide qualified

answers and assistance for any general technical/operational queries), for trouble

resolution (to handle customer reported suspected defects and o deliver workarounds

and/or final solutions) and to provide software updates (to ensure a regular, proactive,

delivery of software update packages with respective release documentation).

4.14.2 Software license structure of SURPASS hiT 7035




SURPASS hiT 7035 is a versatile network element having the equipping option as ADM for STM-1/-4 (equipped with a small switch matrix) or as ADM for STM-4/-16 (equipped with a large switch matrix).

Therefore there are three different mandatory core licenses, an ADM-1/4 core license, an ADM-4/16 license and an ADM-1/-4/-16 license.

The main optional feature that SURPASS hiT 7035 offer is equipment protection to significantly increase the reliability of the network elements. Increased reliability is significant value add, therefore by equipping a switch matrix protection, a matrix protection license is needed.

Upgrade SW items are available to a release upgrade (from a release x.y to a release x.(y+1) or increase of x).

Figure 29: Software license structure of SURPASS hiT 7035

A special case exists for the SURPASS hiT 7035 Release 4.0. This equipment release

only serves as E1 extension shelf for the systems SURPASS hiT 7060, hiT 7060HC,

hiT7065 and hiT 7080. For each extension shelf hiT 7035 Release 4.0 and 4.0.1 used




along with one of the above mentioned network elements, an E1 extension shelf license

is mandatorily required.

Figure 30: Software license structure of SURPASS hiT 7035 – E1 Extension shelf

5. Protection and Redundancy

5.1 Network Protection

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports multiple layer network protection functions and multiple layer protection escalation. The network protection functions supported are:

MS-SPRing, in compliance with ITU-T G.841

MSP 1+1 protection, revertive or non-revertive modes, in compliance with ITU-T G.841

SNCP at VC-12, VC-3, VC-4, VC-4-4c level in compliance with ITU-T G.841

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) to provide Layer 2 Ethernet data protection by converging data to another path, in compliance with IEEE 802.1w protocol

5.1.1 MS-SPRing

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports 2 fibers MS-SPRing at STM-4/-16 levels. The protection (detection and switching) is guaranteed to be finished within 50ms. The wait-to-restore time is user configurable with a default value of 5 minutes. The system also supports force switching and manual switching.

For example, in an STM-4 ring with the MS-SPRing function enabled, a total of 4 AU4s are divided evenly into 2 groups, working AU4s (time slots 1 and 2) and protection AU4s (time slots 3 and 4).

The SURPASS hiT 7035 MS-Spring implementation supports also low priority traffic by supporting NUT feature (Non-preempt-able Unprotection Traffic).

5.1.2 MSP

1+1 MSP (G.841/Clause 7) protects an STM-N link between two adjacent SDH MS (multiplexing section) elements.




SURPASS hiT 7035 supports 1+1 multiplex section protection (MSP) on all STM-N optical ports. The MSP 1+1 can be either uni-direction or bi-direction. The protection time is less than 50ms.

SURPASS hiT 7035 also supports Manual Switch and Forced Switch of MSP, revertive and non-revertive MSP.

5.1.3 SNCP

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports Sub-Network Connection (SNC) protection (ITU-T G.841). It is available at VC-12, VC-3, VC-4 and VC-4-4c level. SURPASS hiT 7035 supports VC-4/-3/-12 SNC protection between any pair of VC-4/3/12s in any STM-N cards and also supports VC-4-4c SNC protection in STM-4 cards and STM-16 ports.

The protection switch time for SNC protection is less than 50 ms.

The SNC protection scheme supported in SURPASS hiT 7035 is an inherently monitored SNCP (SNCP/I) or non-intrusively monitored SNCP (SNCP/N). The SNCP protected VC-4s are protected against AIS or LOP at the AU-4 level (server layer defects) and against misconnections (trace identifier mismatch or VC-4 dTIM), disconnections (unequipped signal or VC-4 dUNEQ), or signal degradations (VC-4 dDEG) in the VC-4 itself. Likewise, SNCP protected VC-3s and VC-12s are protected against TU3/12-AIS, TU3/12-LOP (server layer defects), VC-3/12 dTIM, dUNEQ, and dDEG. Also SNCP protected VC-4-4cs are protected against AU-4-4c-LOP/AIS, MS-AIS, LOF, LOS, VC-4-4c- dTIM, dUNEQ and dDEG.

The SURPASS hiT 7035 SNCP implementation supports also non-revertive, single-ended and drop & continues features.

An advantage of SNCP is the flexibility to select any segment of the path for protection. The SNC protection can be applied to an end-to-end (from source to sink termination point) VC-n path, or to one or multiple links within the end-to-end path. It is also simple and easy to implement, as there is no signaling required between the source and destination nodes.

5.1.4 DNI

SURPASS hiT7035 supports Dual Node Inter-working (DNI) protection (ITU-T G.841). It is a protection mechanism between two rings with dual node connections. Each ring may be configured for MS-shared protection or SNCP protection.

The ring interconnection can work at STM-1 electrical or STM-N optical rate level.

The DNI architecture has the capacity of protecting against the failure of one interconnecting node, two interconnecting nodes, or the connection between the two interconnecting nodes. It depends on detecting path defects. To avoid propagation of failures when possible, a hold-off time is allowed.

The service interrupt time by external command and node failure, signal failure, card failure, SFP failure for DNI/DRI protection is less than hold-off time plus 50ms.




5.1.5 LCAS

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports the combination of VCAT and LCAS to provide VC-4, VC-3 or VC-12 level protection. LCAS allows hitless adjustment of the size of a virtually concatenated group of channels.

For example, whenVC-4-nv bandwidth is used to transmit data traffic through the network. In the case that certain VC-4s in the same VC-4-nv group fail, SURPASS hiT 7035 will use LCAS to delete the failed VCs from the group, and the traffic is dynamically, or on the fly adapted to the rest VC-4s bandwidth for transmission. Without LCAS, partial bandwidth failure will result in the failure of the end-to-end traffic transmission.

When the failure is repaired, the LCAS will automatically add (recover) the deleted VC-4s to the VC group.

5.1.6 Ethernet Shared Protection Ring

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports L2 switching and RSTP (IEEE 802.1w compliant) based L2 protection in ESR. The convergence time can reach less than two seconds. RSTP based protection is different from SDH layer protection. SDH protection is considered a physical layer protection, while RSTP is a Layer 2 protection. When layer 2 Ethernet data fault is detected, even though the physical connectivity is good, RSTP will make the convergence of the data to another physical path.

5.1.7 Multiple Layers Protection

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports network protection functions in multiple layers. These layers are SDH and Ethernet data. In order to coordinate the protection activities between layers, SURPASS hiT 7035 provides a protection escalation mechanism. This uses different hold off times at different layers to make sure that lower layer protection occurs first. For example, in a fiber failure condition, SDH protection will be performed first. If SDH layer protection is successful, no Ethernet layer protection occurs (because it is not needed). However, if the SDH protection fails after a certain period of time (the hold off time for Ethernet layer protection), Ethernet layer protection will occur. That is, the higher the layer, the longer the hold off time will be. In this way, the system can fully take the advantage of the fast SDH protection (<50ms), and have multi-layer protections for higher system reliability.

For Ethernet services, if the layer protection fails (the failure is declared after a pre-defined hold off time; for example 100ms), the RSTP in the Ethernet layer will react to the failure and provide the protection by converging the data to an alternative path. In the ESR, the alternative path is the path on the other side of the ring. The hold off time in the Ethernet layer is user provision able.




5.2 Equipment Redundancy and Protection

5.2.1 Redundant Power Supply

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides optional 1+1 DC power supply protection. The DC power voltage is -40 to -72 V. Both power modules are active and coupled via an “OR” function to share the load current.

SURPASS hiT 7035 permits convenient field replacement of either power module without affecting traffic.

5.2.2 Redundant Cross-Connect

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides optional redundant cross-connect and timing card.

5.2.3 Electrical Interface Module Protection

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides the following electrical interface card protection:

(1) 1:4 63 E1 card protection (revertive)

(2) 1:3 3 E3/DS3 (W/P) card protection (non-revertive)

(3) 1+1 2 STM-1E (W/P) card protection (non-revertive)

5.2.4 Protection under Abnormal Condition

Software download protection: when power fails during software download, SURPASS hiT 7035 BIOS will be written protected. The BIOS is guaranteed not to start the uncompleted software program or data file. After the power recovery, SURPASS hiT 7035 supports continued software downloading. All application software and data files can be downloaded to the NE while the NE is still in-service. The software download verification process prevents data errors from transmission.

Software upgrade protection: SURPASS hiT 7035 controller contains two copies of the system software. During the software upgrade, one copy will be replaced by the new version of the software. After the new version is confirmed, the switch over to the new version does not affect the service traffic, and the existing system setting and configuration are maintained. If the system upgrade fails, the system can be switched back to the old version. Only when the new software version is confirmed working properly, can the old version be erased.




5.2.5 Software Fault Tolerance

The software design of SURPASS hiT 7035 NE adopts the principle of software engineering, involving a top-down and object-oriented software design methods. Advanced software developing management and designing technology assure the high quality and reliability of NE software.

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides multiple protections for software programs and data with self-checking and self-recovering functions.

Data transmission checking and re-transmitting mechanism are implemented in all control signal transmission channels between modules to minimize the transmitting errors.

Adopted internal watchdog-circuit in CPU to avoid the impact of software deadlock or shut down. No service is affected when the software performs warm reset.

Adopted common software platform approach: SURPASS hiT 7035 supports code-sharing and re-using as many as field proven codes to provide higher software reliability.

5.2.6 Data Security

SURPASS hiT 7035 adopts database module technology and manages data uniformly, which enhances the data security:

Database and database files each have a data checking function.

Database files are protected according to importance level of data. Errors of lower level database files will not affect higher level database files




6. Technical Specification

6.1 Multiplexing Structure

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports the following multiplexing structure and terminated mapping and payload mapping structures.

Bit Rate Cross-connect multiplexing structure

STM-16<->AUG-16<->AUG-4-16c

STM-16<->AUG-16<->AUG-4<->AU-4-4c

STM-16<->AUG-16<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4

STM-16<->AUG-16<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-3

STM-16<->AUG-16<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<->TU-3

2.5 Gb/s

STM-16<->AUG-16<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<-> TUG-3<->TUG-2<->TU-12

STM-4<->AUG-4<->AU-4-4c

STM-4<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4

STM-4<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-3

STM-4<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<->TU-3

622.08 Mb/s

STM-4<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<-> TUG-2<->TU-12

STM-1<->AUG-1<->AU-4

STM-1<->AUG-1<->AU-3

STM-1<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<->TU-3

155.54 Mb/s

STM-1<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<->TUG-2<->TU-12

Figure 31 - Cross-Connect Multiplexing Structure (ITU-T G.707)




Bit Rate Terminated Mapping Structure Container

2.5 Gb/s STM-16<->AUG-16<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4

C-4

622.08 Mb/s STM-4<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4 C-4

155.54 Mb/s STM-1<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4 C-4

E3 (34Mbit/s, E31) E31 <-> C-3 <-> VC-3 C-3

DS3 (45Mbit/s, E32) E32 <-> C-3 <-> VC-3 C-3

E1 (2.048Mbit/s) E1 <-> C-12 <-> VC-12<-> TU-12<-> TUG-2 ……

C-12

10/100Mbit/s (FE) <-> GFP <-> C-12-Xv <-> VC-12- Xv (X=1..46)

C-12

10/100 Mb/s (FE) 10/100Mbit/s (FE) <-> GFP <-> C-3-Xv <-> VC-3-Xv (X=1..3)

C-3

1000Mbit/s (WAN port GE) <-> GFP <-> C-4-Xv <-> VC-4-Xv (X=1..4)

C-4


C-3

1000 Mb/s (GE)


C-12

FC(2G) FC(2G) <-> GFP <-> C-4-X12 <-> VC-4- X12 C-4

FC(1G) <-> GFP <-> C-4-X6 <-> VC-4- X6 C-4

FC(1G) FC(1G) <-> GFP <-> C-3-Xv <-> VC-3- Xv (X=19...21, 19 is the best fit)

C-3

10/100/1000Mbit/s LAN <-> WAN <-> GFP <-> C-4-Xv <-> VC-4- Xv (X=1...7)

C-4


C-3 10/100/1000M


C-12

Figure 32 - Terminated Mapping Structure

Virtual Container

Container Container Bit Rate Terminating Signal at Bit Rate

VC-4 C-4 149.76Mb/s STM-1, or VC-4-nv

Figure 33 - Payload Mapping




6.2 SDH Overhead

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports the following SDH overhead process:

Overhead Name Description SURPASS hiT 7035 Support

A1-A2 Framing Bytes

J0 Regenerator Section Trace

B1 Regenerator Section BIP-8

E1 Regenerator Section Order wire

F1 Regenerator Section User Channel

RS-OH

D1~D3 Section DCC

B2 BIP-Nx24

K1, K2 (b1~b5) APS

K2 (b6~b8) MS-RDI

D4~D12 Multiplex Section DCC

S1 Synchronous Status

M0-M1 MS-REI

MS-OH

E2 Line Orderwire

J1 Path Trace

B3 Path BIP-8

C2 Path Signal Label

G1 Path Status

F2 Path User Channel

H4 Position and Sequence Indicator

F3 Path User Channel

K3(b1~b4) APS

K3(b5~b6) Spare

K3(b7~b8) Data link

VC-4-Xc/VC-4/VC-3 POH

N1 Network Operator Byte




Overhead Name Description SURPASS hiT 7035 Support

V5(b1~b2) BIP-2

V5(b3) LP-REI

V5(b4) LP-RFI

V5(b5~b7) Signal Label

V5(b8) LP-RDI

J2 Path Trace

N2 Network Operator Byte

K4(b1~b4) APS

K4(b5~b7) Reserved

VC-2/VC-1

POH

K4(b8) Data Link

Figure 34 – SURPASS hiT 7035 supported SDH overhead process

6.3 Interface Types SURPASS hiT 7035 supports the following interfaces listed in Table below:

Interface Types Interface Name and Rates

Electrical Interface

10/100M Base-T

10/100/1000 Base-T

E1 (2048kbit/s)

E3/DS3

STM-1 el. (155.520Mbit/s)

Optical Interface

STM-1 (155.520Mbit/s)

STM-4 (622.080Mbit/s)

STM-16 (2.5 Gbit/s)

GE

FC

100M FX

Timing Interface 2048kbit/s

2048kHz

Auxiliary Management and Maintenance Interface） RS-232, RJ-45 (802.3 LAN)

TIF (MDO or MDI) RJ-45

Data Channels 64Kbps/s, G703, RJ45

Figure 35 – SURPASS hiT 7035 Interface Types




6.3.1 Electrical Interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7035 Ethernet 10/100M Base-T rate-adaptive electrical interface complies with IEEE Standard 802.3. The transmission media is 100 Ohms–two pairs shielded twisted pair cable (STP) and two pairs of unshielded twisted pair cable (Category 5 UTP); the interface connector is using standard RJ-45 (1000ohm) connector.

SURPASS hiT 7035 STM-1E interface complies with ITU-T G.703 Recommendation and uses CC4 connector (75 ohm) unbalanced.

SURPASS hiT 7035 E3/DS3 interface complies with ITU-T G.703 Recommendation and uses CC4 connector (75ohm) unbalanced.

SURPASS hiT 7035 E1 interface complies with ITU-T G.703 Recommendation, and uses 2mm High Density (75ohm or 120ohm) connector.

6.3.2 Optical Interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7035 optical interfaces comply with ITU-T Recommendations G.957 and G.691. The SFP optical modules are field replaceable.

Optical Interfaces:

STM-16 SFP interfaces S-16.1, L16.1 and L-16.2, V-16.2, U-16.2 also FC 2G.

STM-4 SFP interfaces S-4.1, L4.1, L-4.2 and V-4.2

STM-1 SFP interfaces I-1 S-1.1, L1.1, L1.2 and V-1.2 also 100M FX

GE SFP interfaces SX, LX, LH, ZX also FC(1G)

STM-1 electrical SFP interfaces

Multi-rate CWDM SFP interfaces G. 695 C8L1-1D2 and C8L1-0D2

2.5G DWDM SFP interfaces 100G Hz channel grid

GE electrical SFP interfaces

Laser safety for the STM-16, STM-4 and STM-1 optical interface: complies with IEC-60825 recommendations




All optical connectors are LC type.

Line Rate Wavelength and Application Code Transmission Distance

STM-1

1310 nm (I-1)

1310 nm (S-1.1)

1310nm (L-1.1)

1550nm (L-1.2)

1550nm (V-1.2)

1310/1550nm Bidi

2 km

15 km

40 km

80 km

120 km

20km

STM-4

1310 nm (S-4.1)

1310 nm (L-4.1)

1550 nm (L-4.2)

1550 nm (V-4.2)

13010/1490nm Bidi

15 km

40km

80km

120 km

10 km

STM-16

1310 nm (S-16.1)

1310 nm (L-16.1)

1550 nm (L-16.2)

1550 nm (V-16.2)

1550 nm (U-16.2)

1555.75 nm (DWDM U-16.2)

15 km

40km

80km

120 km

160 km

180 km

Multi-rate

(622Mbps ~ 2.67Gbps)

1471+20m,m=1-7

(C8L1-1D2/ C8L1-0D2) N.A.

DWDM STM-16 100 GHz channel grid in the C-band: 191.70-196.0 THz, 44 wavelengthes

N.A.

1000 Base-SX 850 nm 500 m

1000 Base-LX 1310 nm 5000m

1000 Base-LH 1310 nm 10 km

1000 Base-ZX 1550 nm 70 km

1000 Base-LX 1310/1490nm Bidi 10 km

Figure 36 - SURPASS hiT 7035 optical service interfaces supported




6.3.3 Management and Maintenance Interface

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides a RS-232 connector, which supports terminal-based command line interface.

SURPASS hiT 7035 also provides a RJ-45 100 Ohms IEEE 802.3 LAN connector, which supports Internet browser based EMS and telnet-based command line interfaces.

6.4 Interface Performance Specifications

SURPASS hiT 7035 performance specifications for the optical and electrical interfaces, timing and synchronization, and jitter, as well as tests for electromagnetic compatibility, environment, and vibration comply with the ITU-T Recommendations G.957, G.703, and IEEE Standard 802.3.

6.4.1 Optical Interface Performances

The following table provides SURPASS hiT 7035 supported optical interfaces and application codes.

Application Inter-office Short-haul

Inter-office Long-haul

Inter-office Very Long-haul

Operating wavelength range (nm)

1310 1310 1550 1550

Type of fiber ITU-T Rec. G.652 ITU-T Rec. G.652

ITU-T Rec. G.652

ITU-T Rec. G.653

ITU-T Rec. G.654

ITU-T Rec. G.652

ITU-T Rec. G.653

ITU-T Rec. G.654

Distance (km)* 15 40 80 120

STM-1 S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2 V-1.2

STM-4 S-4.1 L-4.1 L-4.2 V-4.2

STM-16 S-16.1 L-16.1 L-16.2 V-16.2

* (1) Target distance is used for classification, not for standardization.

(2) The actual transmission distance can be calculated based on the transmitter power, receiver sensitivity and fiber loss.

Figure 37 - STM-N Optical Interface Parameters and Application Codes




The following tables show the STM-1, STM-4 and STM-16 optical interface parameters specified for the transmitter at point S, the receiver at point R, and the optical path between points S and R:

6.4.2 STM-1 Optical Interface Performance

Item Parameters Classification of STM-155Mbps

1 Application Code I-1 S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2 V-1.2 Bidi

2 Supported Distance Range [km] ~ 2 ~15 ~40 ~80 ~120 ~20

3 Laser Types MLM/LED MLM MLM/SLM SLM SLM

4 Central Wavelength [nm] 1300 1261~1360 1261~1360 1480~1580 1480~1580 1260 ~ 1360

1480 ~ 1580

5 Max. Spectral Width [nm] �RMS

=40/80 RMS=7.7

RMS=3/

-20dB=1 -20dB=1 -20dB=1

RMS<7

-20dB<1

6 Min. SMSR [dB] NA NA NA/30 30 30 NA

7 Average Launch Power [dBm] -15 ~ -8 -15 ~ -8 -5 ~ 0 -5 ~ 0 0 ~ 4 -14 ~ -8

8 Extinction Ratio [dB] 8.2 8.2 10 10 10 <10

9 G.957 STM-1 Mask Margin 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15%

10 Receiver Types PIN PIN PIN PIN PIN PIN

11 Mini. Overload [dBm] -10 -8 -10 -10 -10 > -8

12 Receiver Sensitivity @BOL [dBm] -31 -37 -37 -37 -32

13 Receiver Sensitivity @ HT. [dBm] -29 -35 -35 -35 -30

14 Receiver Sensitivity @EOL [dBm] -28 -28 -34 -34 -34 -28

15 Optical Path Penalty [dB] 1 1 1 1 1 1

16 Max. Reflect. of receiver [dB] NA NA NA -25 -25 >14

17 Digital Diagnostics Function Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Figure 38 - SURPASS hiT 7035 STM-1 Optical Interface Specifications

Notes:

1. The application code is referred to ITU-T G.957.

7. Average launched power is the range of output power. Usually, the actual output power should be close to the up-side level of Average power; we require that the output power of laser at the beginning of life (BOL) should be 1dB better than the standard values listed in the ITU-T G.957, according to the application code;

12. (1) Measured at bit error rate (BER) of 10e-10, using 2^23-1 PRBS test data pattern;




(2) To consider of aging factor, we define the receiver sensitivity at the beginning of life (BOL) should be 2~3dB better than the standard values listed in the ITU-T G.957, according to the application code;

13. To consider of high-temperature’s effect, we define the receiver sensitivity at the high-temperature (HT), which refers to the environmental temperature about 55ºC. Generally, we test all performance at 25ºC room temperature when SFP transceivers are installed in MetroWaveTM MSTP system with Fan “ON”; to the extreme temperature, we tested all performance at 55ºC environmental temperature when SFP transceivers are installed in MetroWaveTM MSTP system with Fan “ON” for about 3 hours;

14. For the receiver sensitivity at the end of life (EOL), we consider of the sensitivity aging degradation when the transceiver is used in the long-term, which includes the effect of temperature, laser aging and chip aging;

15. The impact factors for path penalty value include the dispersion, non-linear and other effects. But dispersion is the main effect we should consider. Generally, we use fiber to test the path penalty of the SFP transceivers.

15 km SFP, 25 km G.652 fiber 40 km SFP, 45~50 km G.652 fiber 80 km SFP, 90~100 km G.652 fiber


Item Parameters Classification of STM-4/622Mbps

1 Application Code S-4.1 L-4.1 L-4.2 V-4.2 Bidi

2 Supported Distance[km] ~15 ~40 ~80 ~120 ~10

3 Laser Types MLM MLM/SLM SLM SLM MLM

4 Central Wavelength [nm] 1261~1360 1261~1360 1480 ~ 1580 1480 ~ 1580 1260 ~ 1360

1480 ~ 1500

5 Max. Spectral Width [nm] RMS=2.5 RMS=1.7/

-20dB=1 -20dB=1 -20dB=1

RMS<3.5

-20dB<0.88

6 Min. SMSR [dB] NA NA/30 30 30 NA/<30

7 Average Launch Power [dBm] -15 ~ -8 -3 ~ 2 -3 ~ 2 0 ~ 4 -9 ~ -3

8 Extinction Ratio [dB] 8.2 10 10 10 <12

9 G.957 STM-4 Mask Margin 15% 15% 15% 15% 15%

10 Receiver Types PIN PIN PIN APD PIN

11 Mini. Overload [dBm] -8 -8 -8 -18 > -3

12 Receiver Sensitivity @BOL [dBm] -31 -31 -31 -36 -22

13 Receiver Sensitivity @ HT. [dBm] -29 -29 -29 -35 -21

14 Receiver Sensitivity @EOL [dBm] -28 -28 -28 -34 -20

15 Optical Path Penalty [dB] 1 1 1 1 <1




16 Max. Reflect. of receiver [dB] NA -14 -27 -27 NA

17 Digital Diagnostics Function Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes


Note: The same as the STM-1 statement.


Item Parameters Classification of STM-16/2.5Gbps

1 Application Code S-16.1 L-16.1 L-16.2 V-16.2 U-16.2 DWDM U-

16.2

2 Supported Distance[km] ~15 ~40 ~80 ~120 ~160 ~180

3 Laser Types SLM SLM SLM Un-cooled

SLM Un-cooled

SLM Cooled SLM

4 Central Wavelength [nm] 1261~136

0 1261~136

0 1480 ~ 1580

1530~1560

1530~1560

1555.75

5 Max. Spectral Width [nm] -20dB=1 -20dB=1 -20dB=1 -20dB=1 -20dB=1 -20dB=1

6 Min. SMSR [dB] 30 30 30 30 30 30

7 Average Launch Power [dBm]

-5 ~ 0 -2 ~ 3 -2 ~ 3 -2 ~ 3 -2 ~ 3 -2 ~ 3

8 Extinction Ratio [dB] 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2

9 G.957 STM-16 Mask Margin

15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15%

10 Receiver Types PIN APD APD APD APD APD

11 Mini. Overload [dBm] 0 -9 -9 -9 -9 -9

12 Receiver Sensitivity @BOL [dBm]

-21 -30 -30 -30 -30 -30

13 Receiver Sensitivity @ HT. [dBm]

-19 -28 -29 -29 -29 -29

14 Receiver Sensitivity @EOL [dBm]

-18 -27 -28 -28 -28 -28

15 Optical Path Penalty [dB] 1 1 2 3 3 3

16 Max. Reflect. of receiver [dB]

NA -27 -27 -27 -27 -27

17 Dispersion [ps/nm] NA NA 1600 2400 3200 2400

18 Digital Diagnostics Function

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes





Note:

1. V-16.2 SFP has the same optical parameter as L-16.2 SFP except its dispersion can be up to 2400ps/nm; U-16.2 SFP has the same optical parameter as L-16.2 SFP except its dispersion can be up to 3200ps/nm; DWDM U-16.2 SFP is one of 44 channels DWDM SFP listed in 2.3.8 section; its wavelength is a special one (1555.75nm).

The wavelength stability of DWDM U-16.2 SFP is 100pm.

120km transmission: V-16.2 SFP plus 13dBm booster amplifier

160km transmission: U-16.2 SFP plus 18dBm booster amplifier

180km transmission: DWDM U-16.2 SFP plus 18dBm booster amplifier and preamp with filter and 680ps/nm DCM (suppose the fiber dispersion @1555.75nm is 17ps/nm)

DWDM SFP should be compatible with DWDM SFP MSA (Sept., 2005)

2. The wavelength of V-16.2 and U-16.2 SFP should be within the range of 1530nm ~ 1560nm over life and temperature.

3. Other items are the same as the above.

6.4.5 Multi-rate CWDM interface Optical Performance

Item Parameters Specifications

1 Application Code C8L1-1D2/ C8L1-0D2

2 Data Bit Rate 622Mbps ~ 2.67Gbps

3 Laser Types SLM

4 Central Wavelength [nm] 1471 + 20 m m = 0 to 7

4.1 Channel Spacing [nm] 20

4.2 Maximum central wavelength deviation [nm] ±6.5

5 Max. Spectral Width [nm] -20dB=1

6 Min. SMSR [dB] 30

7 Average Launch Power [dBm] 0 ~ 5

8 Extinction Ratio [dB] 8.2

9 ITU-T G.957 STM-16 Mask Margin 15%

10 Receiver Types APD

11 Mini. Overload [dBm] -9

12 Receiver Sensitivity @BOL [dBm] -30

13 Receiver Sensitivity @ HT. [dBm] -29




14 Receiver Sensitivity @EOL [dBm] -28

15 Optical Path Penalty [dB] 2

16 Max. Reflect. of receiver [dB] -27

17 Dispersion [ps/nm] 1600

18 Digital Diagnostics Function Yes

Note:

1. 8 channels CWDM SFP are supported. Its optical performance is compliant with G.695. C8L1-1D2 is for STM-16 application and C8L1-0D2 is for GE application. It can support multi-rate application: STM-4/16, STM-16 FEC and GE. Their wavelengths are 1471nm, 1491nm, 1511nm, 1531nm, 1551nm, 1571nm, 1591nm, 1611nm.

2. Other items are the same as the above. The RX sensitivity is based on 2.48832bps bit rate.

Figure 41 - SURPASS hiT 7035 CWDM Optical Interface Specifications

6.4.6 2.5G DWDM interface Optical Performance

Item Parameters Specifications

1 Application Code

2 Data bit rate 2.48832 to 2.666057 Gbps

3 Laser Type Cooled SLM

4 Wavelength range 100 GHz channel grid in the C-band: 191.70-196.0 THz, wavelength selected

4.1 Wavelength stability (over life & temperature) 12.5 GHz ( 100 pm)

5 Spectral width (-20dB) modulated 0.5nm

6 Side mode suppression ratio > 30 dB

7 Average launch power 0 dBm to + 4 dBm

8 Extinction ratio > 9 dB (BOL), 8.2 dB (EOL)

9 ITU-T G.957 STM-16 Mask Margin 15%

10 Receiver Types APD

11 Minimum overload -9dBm

12 Rx sensitivity @BOL -30dBm

13 Rx sensitivity @HT. -29dBm

14 Rx sensitivity @EOL. -28dBm




15 Path Penalty 3 dB

16 Receiver reflectance < -27 dB

17 Dispersion tolerance -2400 ps/nm … + 2400 ps/nm

18 Digital diagnostic function Yes

Note:

1. 44 channels DWDM SFP are supported. It can support STM-16 and STM-16 FEC application. Its channel spacing is 100GHz. Its wavelength table is as follows. DWDM SFP should be compatible with DWDM SFP MSA (Sept., 2005)

2. Please notice that 192.7THz (1555.75nm) DWDM SFP will be used for 180km ultra-long haul transmission application.

3. Other items are the same as the above.

Figure 42 - SURPASS hiT 7035 DWDM Optical Interface Specifications

ITU Channel Number

Frequency (THz)

Wavelength (nm)

ITU Channel

Number Frequency

(THz) Wavelength

(nm)

60 196.00 1529.55 38 193.8 1546.92

59 195.9 1530.33 37 193.7 1547.72

58 195.8 1531.12 36 193.6 1548.51

57 195.7 1531.90 35 193.5 1549.32

56 195.6 1532.68 34 193.4 1550.12

55 195.5 1533.47 33 193.3 1550.92

54 195.4 1534.25 32 193.2 1551.72

53 195.3 1535.04 31 193.1 1552.52

52 195.2 1535.82 30 193.0 1553.33

51 195.1 1536.61 29 192.9 1554.13

50 195.0 1537.40 28 192.8 1554.94

49 194.9 1538.19 27 192.7 1555.75

48 194.8 1538.98 26 192.6 1556.55

47 194.7 1539.77 25 192.5 1557.36

46 194.6 1540.56 24 192.4 1558.17

45 194.5 1541.35 23 192.3 1558.98

44 194.4 1542.14 22 192.2 1559.79

43 194.3 1542.94 21 192.1 1560.61

42 194.2 1543.73 20 192.0 1561.42

41 194.1 1544.53 19 191.9 1562.23

40 194.0 1545.32 18 191.8 1563.05

39 193.9 1546.12 17 191.7 1563.86

Figure 43 - SURPASS hiT 7035 DWDM Wavelenthes




6.4.7 GE Optical Transmitter and Receiver Interfaces

6.4.7.1 1000 Base-SX interface parameters

Parameter 62.5 µm MMF 50 µm MMF Unit

Laser Type Shortwave Laser -

Signal Rate 1.25 ± 100 ppm GBd

Wavelength Range 770 to 860 Nm

Trise/Tfall (max; 20%-80%;ë> 830 nm) 0.26 Ns

Trise/Tfall (max; 20%-80%;ë= 830 nm) 0.21 Ns

Maximum RMS Width 0.85 Nm

Mean Launch Power (Maximum) a) DBm

Mean Launch Power (Minimum) –9.5 DBm

Mean Launch Power when transmitter is OFF (max) b –30 DBm

Minimum Extinction Ratio 9 Db

RIN (max) –117 dB/Hz

Coupled Power Ratio (CPR) (min) c 9 < CPR dB

a. The 1000 Base-SX launch power is the lesser of the class 1 safety limit as defined by IEEE Standard 802.3 Clause 38.7.2 or the average receive power (max) defined in herein.

b. Examples of an OFF transmitter are: no power supplied to the PMD, laser shutdown for safety conditions, activation of a “transmit disable” or other optional module laser shut down conditions. During all conditions when the PMA is powered, the ac signal (data) into the transmit port will be valid encoded 8B/10B patterns (this is a requirement of the PCS layers) except for short durations during system power-on-reset or diagnostics when the PMA is placed in a loopback mode.

c. Radial overfilled launches as described in IEEE Standard 802.3 Clause 38A.2, while they may meet CPRranges, should be avoided.

Figure 44 - 1000 Base-SX transmitter interface parameters

Parameter 62.5 µm MMF 50 µm MMF Unit

Signal rate 1.25 ± 100 ppm GBd


Mean Receiving Power (Max.) 0 dBm

Receiving Sensitivity –17 dBm

Minimum Return Loss 12 dB

Stressed receive sensitivity a, b –12.5 –13.5 dBm

Vertical eye-closure penalty c 2.60 2.20 dB

Receive electrical 3 dB upper cutoff frequency (max) 1500 MHz

a. Measured with conformance test signal at TP3 (see IEEE Standard 802.3 Clause 38.6.11) for BER = 10–12 at the eye center.

b. Measured with a transmit signal having a 9 dB extinction ratio. If another extinction ratio is used, the stressed receive sensitivity should be corrected for the extinction ratio penalty.




c. Vertical eye-closure penalty is a test condition for measuring stressed receive sensitivity. It is not a required characteristic of the receiver.

Figure 45 - 1000 Base-SX receiving interface parameters

6.4.7.2 1000 Base-LX Interface Parameters

Parameter 62.5 µm MMF 50 µm MMF 10 µm MMF Unit

Laser Type Longwave Laser

Signal Rate 1.25 ± 100 ppm GBd


Trise/Tfall (max; 20%-80% response time) 0.26 Ns

Maximum RMS Width 4 Nm

Mean launch power (Max.) -3 dBm

Mean launch power (Min.) -11.5 -11.5 -11.0 dBm

Average launch power of OFF transmitter (max)

-30 dBm

Minimum Extinction Ratio 9 dB

RIN (max) -120 dB/Hz

Coupled Power Ratio (CPR) (min)* 28 < CPR < 40 12 < CPR< 20 NA dB

* Due to the dual media (single-mode and multimode) support of the LX transmitter, fulfillment of this specification requires a single-mode fibre offset-launch mode-conditioning patch cord described in IEEE Standard 802.3 Clause 38.11.4 for MMF operation. This patch cord is not used for single-mode operation.

Figure 46 - 1000 Base-LX Transmitter interface parameters

Parameter 62.5 µm MMF 50 µm MMF 10 µm MMF Unit

Signal rate 1.25 ± 100 ppm GBd

Wavelength Range (ë) 1270 to 1355 Nm

Maximum Mean Receiving Power -3 dBm

Receiving Sensitivity -19 dBm

Minimum Return Loss 12 dB

Stressed receive sensitivity Pa, bP -14.4 dBm

Vertical eye-closure penalty Pc P 2.60 dB

Receive electrical 3 dB upper cutoff frequency (max)

1500 MHz

ured with conformance test signal at TP3 (see IEEE Standard 802.3 Clause 38.6.11) for BER = 10–12 at the er.

ured with a transmit signal having a 9 dB extinction ratio. If another extinction ratio is used, the stressedsensitivity should be corrected for the extinction ratio penalty.

cal eye-closure penalty is a test condition for measuring stressed receives sensitivity. It is not a requirederistic of the receiver.

Figure 47 - 1000 Base-LX receiver interface parameters




6.4.8 Electrical Interface Performances

This section provides the E1 and T1 electrical interface specifications:

1) 2,048 Kbit/s digital interface

2) Allowable bit rate deviation of 2,048 Kbit/s, and 10/100M Base-T Output Signals

3) Allowable attenuation at the 2,048 Kbit/s input port

4) Allowable frequency deviation at the 2,048 Kbit/s, and 10/100M BaseT interface

5) Anti-interference capability of the 2,048 Kbit/s input port

6.4.8.1 Electrical Interface Parameters Specification

The following table shows the parameters for the 2048 Kbit/s digital interface:

Pulse Shape (Nominally Rectangular)

All marks of a valid signal must conform to the mask irrespective of the sign. The value V corresponds to the

nominal peak value.

Pair(s) in each direction One coaxial pair

Test load impedance 75 Ohms resistive

Nominal peak voltage of a mark (pulse)

2.37 V

Peak voltage of a space (no pulse) 0 ± 0.237 V

Nominal pulse width 244 ns

Ratio of the amplitudes of positive and negative pulses at the center of the

pulse interval 0.95 to 1.05

Ratio of the widths of positive and negative pulses at the nominal half

amplitude 0.95 to 1.05

Interface Threshold Measurement Filter Bandwidth

Rate 20 Hz – 100 kHz

18 kHz – 100 kHz

Maximum peak-to-peak

jitter at an output port

2048 kbit/s 1.5 UI 0.2 UI

Figure 48 - 2048 kbit/s Electrical Interface Parameters

6.4.8.2 Allowable Bit Rate Deviation of Output Signals

Allowable Bit Rate Deviation of Output Signals is the difference between the actual signal bit rate and the nominal bit rate measured under AIS output condition. SURPASS




hiT 7035 meets the standard requirements of output signal allowable bit rate deviation as shown in table below:

Electrical Interface Types Standard Requirements (ppm)

2048 kbit/s ±50

10/100M Base-T ±100

Figure 49 - Electrical Interface Output Signals Bit Rate Allowable Deviation

6.4.8.3 Allowable Attenuation at the Input Port

SURPASS hiT 7035 meets the standard requirements for the allowable attenuation at the input port:

Electrical Interface Types Standard Requirements (dB)

2048 kbit/s 0 ~ 6

34 368 kbit/s

860 to 1720 kHz

1720 to 34 368 kHz

34 368 to 51 550 kHz

155 520 kbit/s 0 ~ 12.8

Figure 50 - Electrical Interface Allowable Input Attenuation

6.4.8.4 Allowable Frequency Deviation at the Input Port

Allowable input signals frequency deviation is the signal bit rate variation range that the system can tolerate. The following table shows the standard requirements for the allowable frequency deviation at the input port:

Electrical Interface Types Standard Requirements (ppm)

2048 kbit/s ±50

10/100M Base-T ±100

Figure 51 - Electrical Interface Allowable Input Port Frequency Deviation

6.4.8.5 Anti-interference Capability of the Input Port

SURPASS hiT 7035 meets the standard requirements for the anti-interference capability of the input port:




Electrical Interface Types Standard Requirements (dB)

2048 kbit/s 18

155 520 kbit/s ≥15

Figure 52 - Electrical Interface Input Port Anti-interference Capability

6.4.9 Timing and Synchronization Performance

6.4.9.1 Output Jitter

The following table shows the maximum acceptable level of network output jitter for the timing (synchronization) interface:

Output Interface Measuring band (-3dB frequencies)

Peak-to-peak Amplitude (UIpp)

PRC 20 ~ 100 K 0.05 UI

SSU 20 ~ 100 K 0.05 UI

20 ~ 100 K 0.5 UI SEC

49 ~ 100 K 0.2 UI

20 ~ 100 K 1.5 UI SECPDH Synchronization (2048 kbit/s)

18 ~ 100 K 0.2 UI

Figure 53 - Timing Output Jitter

6.4.9.2 Internal Timing Source Output Frequency

The following table shows the output accuracy of the timing interface in its free-run mode:

Timing Interface Standard requirement (ppm)

System Clock ± 0.5

Figure 54 - Internal Timing Source Output Frequency

6.4.10 Jitter Performance

Jitter and wander tolerance, transfer, and production specifications comply with the ITU- T Recommendations G.783, G.813 Option 1, G.823, G.824, G.825, and G.958, the China MII standard YD/T 1146-2001 and ETSI standards.

6.4.11 STM-N Interface Output Jitter




The following table shows the maximum acceptable level of output jitter at any STM-N output within a digital network (measured of a 60 second interval):

Interface Measuring band

(-3dB frequencies) Peak-to-peak Amplitude (UIpp)

500 Hz ~ 1.3 MHz 1.50 UI STM-1 (Optical)

65 KHz ~ 1.3 MHz 0.15 UI

500 Hz ~ 1.3 MHz 1.50 UI STM-1 (Electrical)

65 KHz ~ 1.3 MHz 0.075 UI

1000 Hz ~ 5 MHz 1.50 UI STM-4 (Optical)

250 KHz ~ 5 MHz 0.15 UI

5000 Hz ~ 20 MHz 1.50 UI STM-16 (Optical)

1 MHz ~ 20 MHz 0.15 UI

Figure 55 - STM-1/-4/-16 Interface Output Jitter

6.4.11.1 STM-N and PDH Input Interface Jitter Tolerance

The following tables show the input jitter tolerance for the STM-N interfaces:

Interface Frequency (Hz) Peak-to-Peak Jitter Amplitude

10 < f <= 19.3 38.9 UI (.25 us)

19.3 < f <= 68.7 750 f -1 UI

68.7 < f <= 500 750 f -1 UI

500 < f <= 6.5 k 1.5 UI

6.5 k < f <= 65k 9.8 x 103 f -1 UI

STM-1 (Optical)

65 k < f <= 1.3 M 0.15 UI

10 < f <= 19.3 38.9 UI (.25 us)

19.3 < f <= 500 750 f -1 UI

500 < f <= 3.3 k 1.5 UI

3.3 k < f <= 65 k 4.9 x 103 f -1 UI

STM-1 (Electrical)

65 k < f <= 1.3 M 0.075 UI

Figure 56 - STM-1 Interface Jitter Tolerance





9.65 < f <= 100 1500 f -1 UI

100 < f <= 1000 1500 f -1 UI

1 k < f <= 25 k 1.5 UI

25 k < f <= 250 k 3.8 x 104 f -1 UI

STM-4 (Optical)

250 k < f <= 5 M 0.15 UI



10 < f <= 12.1 622 UI

12.1 < f <= 500 7500 f -1 UI

500 < f <= 5 k 7500 f -1 UI

5 k < f <= 100 k 1.5 UI

STM-16 (Optical)

100 k < f <= 1 M 1.5 x 105 f -1 P UI


Maximum Peak-to-Peak Jitter Filter Characteristics

Mapping G.703 (PDH)

Interface f1 High pass

f3 High pass

f4 Low pass

f1-f4 f3-f4

1 544 Kbit/s 10 Hz

20 dB/dec 8 kHz

40 kHz –20 dB/dec

0.7 (A0)

2 048 Kbit/s 20 Hz

20 dB/dec

18 kHz (700 Hz)

20 dB/dec

100 kHz –60 dB/dec

0.075 UI

34 368 Kbit/s 100 Hz

20 dB/dec 10 kHz

20 dB/dec 800 kHz

–60 dB/dec 0.075 UI

44 736 Kbit/s 10 Hz 30 kHz 400 kHz

–20 dB/dec 0.40 UI (A0)

139 264 Kbit/s 200 Hz

20 dB/dec 10 kHz

20 dB/dec 3 500 kHz

–60 dB/dec 0.075 UI

Figure 59 - PDH mapping jitter generation specification




Maximum Peak-Peak Jitter Filter Characteristics

Combined G.703 (PDH) Interface

f1 high pass

f3 high pass

f4 low pass

f1-f4 f3-f4

1 544 Kbit/s 10 Hz

20 dB/dec 8 kHz

40 kHz –20 dB/dec

2 048 Kbit/s 20 Hz

20 dB/dec

18 kHz (700 Hz)

20 dB/dec

100 kHz –60 dB/dec

0.4 UI

0.075 UI

34 368 Kbit/s 100 Hz

20 dB/dec 10 kHz

20 dB/dec 800 kHz

–60 dB/dec

0.4 UI 0.75 UI

0.075 UI

Figure 60 - SURPASS hiT 7035 PDH interface combined jitter generation spec

6.5 Timing

SURPASS hiT 7035 provides the following timing clock interfaces:

External clock source (T3): 2 input port, 2048kbit/s (G.703-6) or 2048 kHz (G.703-10)75

Synchronize output (T4): 2 output port, 2048kbit/s (G.703)75

SURPASS hiT 7035supports the selection of the following 4 timing references:

Line/tributary timing (STM-1/-4/-16 lines, or E1 tributary)

External station clock timing

Internal clock (ITU-T G.813 option 1)

E1 tributary timing (any E1 port can be selected as the timing source)

Additionally, SURPASS hiT 7035 is able to provide retiming for E1 (2Mbit/s) traffic interfaces to provide synchronized reference to another equipment.

6.6 Power Source

6.6.1 Power Supply

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports -48V/60V (-40.5~-72.0 V) DC power supply, support load balanced 1+1 power supply modular protection.




6.6.2 Power Consumption

Maximum power consumption: 250W (Full Configuration)

Average power consumption: 163W (Typical Configuration)

6.6.3 Cooling

The equipment is assembled with one fan unit. It is field replaceable. Fan failure does not affect service.

6.6.4 Mechanical Structure

SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis mechanical parameters:

Height: 486mm (11U)

Width: 403mm

Depth: 240mm (300 mm back-to-door)

SURPASS hiT 7035 can be installed in the following types of racks:

EIA 310 19”

2200mm(Height) 600mm (Width) 300mm (Depth)

2600mm(Height)×600mm(Width)×300mm(Depth)

Depending on the electrical cable load you can install up to three SURPASS hiT 7035 chassis into a 2200mm high ETSI rack or an EIA 310 19” rack ( typically two systems per rack ).

6.7 Environment Requirements

SURPASS hiT 7035 system is designed to comply with the following ETSI requirements (ETS 300 019) on environmental conditions:

ETSI Class 3.2 on Environment

ETSI Class 1.2 on Storage

ETSI Class 2.3 on Transportation

The environmental conditions required by SURPASS hiT 7035 are as follows:




Environmental Condition Temperature Relative Humidity

Transport and storage -20º ~ 60ºC 2% ~ 98%

Operation for long term -5º ~ 45ºC 5% ~ 90% (30ºC)

Operation for short term -10º ~ 50ºC 5% ~ 90% (30ºC)

Figure 61 - SURPASS hiT 7035 Environment Requirements

6.7.1 Enhanced Temperature Variant

Depending on the used chassis variant of SURPASS hiT 7035 also an operating temperature up to 55 degree is available.

This enhanced temperature variant has a more powerful fan assembly and is introduced with system software R4.3.

Performance Guaranteed:

Operation for long term: -5°C~55°C

Relative Humidity: 10%~100% (30°C)

6.8 Electromagnetic Compatibility

SURPASS hiT 7035 meets the present customer oncoming mandatory requirements

Of ETSI EN 300 386 v1.4.1, which is based on EN 55022 (emission) and EN 61000-4-x series (immunity)

Emission (EN 55022)

Radiated emission EN 55022, Class A

Conducted emission EN 55022, Class A

DC power port EN 55022, Class A

Signal ports EN 55022, Class A

Immunity (EN 61000-4-x series)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2, level 2

Radiated immunity EN 61000-4-3, level 2 & level 3

Electrical fast transients EN 61000-4-4

DC power port EN 61000-4-4, level 1

Signal ports EN 61000-4-4, level 1

Surges EN 61000-4-5

Indoor signal ports EN 61000-4-5, level 1

Continuous wave EN 61000-4-6

All ports (telecom ports, AC, DC) EN 61000-4-6, level 2




ii

Note

This is a class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

SURPASS hiT 7035 meets the present customer oncoming mandatory requirements

Of FCC 47 CRF Ch.1, Part 15 Subpart B, Class A, radiated emission limit for unintentional radiators

Emission (FCC 47 Ch.1, part 15 Subpart B)

Radiated emission FCC 47 Ch.1, part 15 Subpart B, Class A

Conducted emission N/A for DC power port

SURPASS hiT 7035 meets IEC TS 61000-6-5 (2001), immunity requirements for the power station and substation. Which is based on the IEC 61000-4-x series (immunity)

Immunity (IEC 61000-4-x series)

Electrostatic Discharge IEC 61000-4-2 level 3

Radiated immunity IEC 61000-4-3 level 3

Electrical fast transients IEC 61000-4-4

DC power port IEC 61000-4-4 level 3 for power station and MV substation

level 4 for HV substation

Signal ports IEC 61000-4-4 level 3 for local connection

level 4 for in field connection

Surges IEC 61000-4-5

DC power port IEC 61000-4-5 level 2 for line to line

level 3 for line to ground

signal ports IEC 61000-4-5 level 2 for local connection

level 3 for in field connection

Continuous wave IEC 61000-4-6

All ports (signal ports, AC, DC) IEC 61000-4-6 level 3

Damped wave IEC 61000-4-12

DC power port IEC 61000-4-12 level 2 for power station and MV substation


Indoor signal ports IEC 61000-4-12 level 2 for in field connection

Mains frequency voltage IEC 61000-4-16

DC Power port IEC 61000-4-16 level 3 for power station and MV substation


Signal ports IEC 61000-4-16 level 4 for in field connection

Ripple on DC port IEC 61000-4-17 level 3

Voltage dips & interruption IEC 61000-4-29 ΔU 30% for 0.1s Criteria B




ΔU 60% for 0.1s

ΔU 100% for 0.05s

SURPASS hiT 7035 meets IEC 61000-6-2 : 2005, immunity requirement for industry environment. Which is based on the IEC 61000-4-x series (immunity)

Immunity (IEC 61000-4-x series)

Electrostatic Discharge IEC 61000-4-2 level 2 and level 3

Radiated immunity IEC 61000-4-3 level 1, level 2 and level 3

Electrical fast transients IEC 61000-4-4

DC power port IEC 61000-4-4 level 3

Signal ports IEC 61000-4-4 level 2

Surges IEC 61000-4-5

DC power port IEC 61000-4-5 level 1

signal ports IEC 61000-4-5 level 2

Continuous wave IEC 61000-4-6

All ports (signal ports, AC, DC) IEC 61000-4-6 level 3

6.9 Vibration Tests

6.9.1 Shipping Test

SURPASS hiT 7035 meets the following shipping test standards.

Test Test Standard

Amplitude (>= 0.6 mm) ETSI

Acceleration (>= 15 m/s—X, Y, Z three directions) ETSI

Test time (>=3 hours) ETSI

Figure 62 - Shipping Test Standards

6.9.2 Office Test

SURPASS hiT 7035 meets the following office test standards.

Test Test Standard

Amplitude (>= 0.6 mm) ETSI

Acceleration (>= 15 m/s—X, Y, Z three directions) ETSI

Test time (>= 3 hours) ETSI




Figure 63 - Office test standards

6.10 Alarms and Events

6.10.1 Alarm Types

There are five types of failure in the system:

Communication Failure: Failures related to communication status (such as LOS, LOF, AIS, DEG and LAN) or other communication protocol related failures (such as, STMfLOS).

Quality of Service Failure: Failure related to system performance, such as responding time too long, threshold crossing, and performance degrading.

Equipment Failure: Failures related to the hardware equipment, such as power system defect, timing interface failures, processor defect, transmit/receiver equipment defect or any other equipment component faults (such as, EQfFLT).

Processing Error Failure: Failures related to the software, memory overflow, version incompatibility, software errors, program illegal interruption, NE configuration errors and NE inaccessible.

Environmental Failure: Failures related to environment changes, such as unacceptable temperature and humidity, ventilation or cooling system faults, excessive vibration, and door open/close.

6.10.2 Alarm Severity Level

There are five alarm severity levels defined in the system:

Critical—Service-interrupting alarms.

Major—Service-affecting alarms.

Minor—Non-Service-affecting alarms, but can potentially become service-affecting alarms. You need to perform fault inspection and any necessary fixes to prevent it from becoming worse.

Warning—Non-Service-affecting, information presented to the operator for the purpose of maintenance.

Indeterminate—The alarm severity level is undefined.

The system has a red LED alarm indicator for Prompt (service-affecting) and a yellow LED alarm indicator for Deferred/Info (non-service-affecting).

6.10.3 Alarm Reports




The Element Management software logs the 10,000 latest failures in the alarm log and independently reports the failure status change to the EMS. SURPASS hiT 7035 allows users to query alarm logs using a variety of criteria.

6.10.4 Events

There are three types of events defined in the system: Management, Hardware, and Software. SURPASS hiT 7035 requires every event to be time-stamped.

An Event (as defined by ITU-T Recommendation M.2410) is an instantaneous occurrence that changes the global status of an object. This status change may be persistent or temporary, allowing for surveillance, monitoring, and performance measurement functionality, etc. Events may or may not generate reports; they may be spontaneous or planned; they may trigger other events or may be triggered by one or more other events. (Recommendation M.60)

6.10.4.1 Management Events

The attributes of the management events include: Event name, Timestamp, User name and privilege level, and Description.

Name Description

User login Identifies the user that has just logged in.

User logout Identifies the user that has just logged out.

User auto-logout due to timeout Identifies the user that was just logged out by the system

because of inactivity.

User password change The password of a user account has been changed.

Unauthorized login attempt A user has attempted and failed to log in.

Alarm log cleared A user has cleared out the alarm log file.

Event log cleared A user has cleared out the event log file.

Figure 64 - Management Events

6.10.4.2 Hardware Events The object (located as precisely as possible) that generates the event is also reported.

Name Description

Auto acceptance A module of a different type from the previous module was installed and booted.




The configuration of the previous module was automatically deleted.

Card booted The module has been booted.

Card reset The module has been reset.

Card disabled The module has been disabled.

Card removed The module has been removed from its slot

SFP changed The SFP module has been changed.

Figure 65 - Hardware Events




6.10.4.3 Software Events

Some of these types of software events may never happen on a certain products.

Name Description

Protection switch completed The protection switch occurred and was completed. (It applies to all

types of protection schemes. The protection group is identified.)

Protection switch back completed The protection group switched from the protection state to the normal

state. (It applies to all types of protection schemes. The protection group is identified.)

Software download started Software files are being downloaded to the backup storage place

through FTP.

Software download completed Software files are successfully downloaded to the backup storage place

through FTP.

Software upgrade started The software files in the backup storage place have started to be

activated.

Software upgrade completed A software upgrade has completed.

MIB upload started The MIB files in the backup place are being uploaded to a server

through FTP.

MIB upload completed The MIB files in the backup place are successfully uploaded through

FTP.

MIB download started The MIB files are being downloaded from a server to the MIB backup

place through FTP.

MIB download completed The MIB files are successfully downloaded from a server to the MIB

backup place through FTP.

MIB backup started The active MIB files are being backed up.

MIB backup completed The active MIB files are backed up.

MIB restore started The MIB files in the backup are being restored to active MIB files.

MIB restore completed The MIB restoration has successfully completed.

System reset The system is resetting.

System start The system is starting up.

Timing configuration changed One or more timing sources/references changed.

Port administratively down A port has been administratively set to down.

Port administratively up A port has been administratively set to up.

Figure 66 - Software Events




7. Standard Compliance

The design of the SURPASS hiT 7035 system is based on the following documents:

ITU-T G.691 Optical interfaces for single channel STM-64 and other SDH systems with optical amplifiers

G.692 Optical interfaces for multichannel systems with optical amplifiers

G.703 Physical / electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces

G.7041/Y.1303 Generic Framing Procedure

G.7042/Y.1305 Link Capacity Adjustment Schema (LCAS) for virtual concatenated sig nals

G.707 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) bit rates

G.708 Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)

G.709 Synchronous multiplexing structure

G.773 Protocol suites for Q interfaces for management of transmission systems

G.781 Structure of recommendations on SDH multiplexing equipment

G.783 Characteristics of synchronous digital hierarchy multiplexing equipment functional blocks

G.784 SDH management

G.803 Architecture of transport networks based on the synchronous digital hierarchy

G.811 Timing requirements for the plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH)

G.813 Timing characteristics of slave clocks suitable for operation of SDH equipment

G.823 The Control of Jitter and Wander within Digital Networks which are based on the 2048 kbps Hierarchy

G.824 The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the 1544 kbit/s hierarchy

G.825 The Control of Jitter and Wander within Digital Networks which are based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

G.841 Types and characteristics of SDH network protection Architectures

G.842 Interworking of SDH network protection architectures

G.957 Optical interfaces for equipment and systems relating to SDH

G.692 Optical interfaces for multichannel systems with optical amplifiers

IEEE 802.1p Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Supplement to Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges: Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering

802.1q IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks

802.1s IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks

802.1w IEEE Standard for Information Technology -Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems - Local and Metropolitan Area Networks - Common Specifications - Part 3: Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges:




802.17 Resilient Packet Ring

802.3 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method & Physical Layer Specifications

802.3u Local and Metropolitan Area Networks-Supplement - Media Access Control (MAC) Parameters, Physical Layer, Medium Attachment Units and Repeater for 100Mb/s Operation, Type 100BASE-T (Clauses 21-30)

CISPR 22 Limits and methods of measurement of radio interference characteristics of information technology equipment

EN 55022 Limits and methods of measurement of radio interference characteristics of information technology equipment

61000-4

6100-6-5 Immunity requirements for the power station and substation

6100-6-2 immunity requirement for industry environment

ETS 300 019 Climatic conditions

300127 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Radiated emission testing of physically large telecommunication systems

300 386 Electromagnetic compatibility

China MII Standard YD/T 1146-2001




8. Appendix 1: Definitions and Abbreviations

Abbreviation Definition

ADM Add-Drop Multiplexer

AIS Alarm Indication Signal

APS Automatic Protection Switching

ASON Automatic Switched Optical Network

ASTN Automatic Switched Transport Network

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

AU Administrative Unit

AU-n Administration Unit，level n

AUG Administration Unit Group

AU-PTR Administration Unit Pointer

BA Booster Amplifier

BBE Background Block Error

BBER Background Block Error Ratio

BER Bit Error Ratio

BITS Building Integrated Timing Supply

BML Business Management Layer

BoD Bandwidth on Demand

B-RAS Broadband-Remote Access Server

(or Broadband Access Management Switch)

CDV Cell Delay Variation

CLR Cell Loss Rate

CMI Coded Mark Inversion

C-n Container- n

CORBA Common Object Request Broker ArchiTecture

CTD Cell Transfer Delay

CV Code Violation

DB Data Base

DBMS Data Base Management System

DCC Data Communications Channel

DCE Data Circuit-terminating Equipment

DCF Data Communications Function

DCN Data Communications Network

DDN Digital Data Network

DNA Distributed Network ArchiTecture

DNI Dual Node Interconnection

DNU Do Not Use for Sync.

DTE Data Terminal Equipment

DWDM Dense Wavelength-division Multiplexing





DXC Digital Cross Connect

ECC Embedded Control Channel

EM Element Management

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility

EMI Electromagnetic Interference

EML Element Management Layer

EMS Element Management System

EOS Ethernet Over SDH

ES Error Second

ESD Electronic Static Discharge

ESR Error Second Ratio

ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute

FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing

FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface

FEBBE Far End Background Block Error

FEES Far End Errored Second

FESES Far End Severely Errored Second

GMPLS Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching

GUI Graphical User Interface

HDLC High Digital Link Control

HPC Higher order Path Connection

IP Internet Protocol

ITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication

Standardization Sector

L2 Layer 2

LAN Local Area Network

LAPD Link Access Procedure On D-channel

LCT Local Craft Terminal

LMS Local NE Management System

LOF Loss Of Frame

LOM Loss of Multi-Frame

LOP Loss Of Pointer

LOS Loss Of Signal

LPC Lower order Path Connection

MAC Medium Access Control

MAN Metropolitan Area Network

MCU Micro Control Unit

MDI Miscellaneous Discrete Input

MDO Miscellaneous Discrete Output

MM Multi Mode





MS Multiplex Section

MS-AIS Multiplex Sections - Alarm Indication Signal

MS-PSC Multiplex Sections - Protection Switching Count

MS-PSD Multiplex Sections - Protection Switching Duration

MS-SPRing Multiplexer Section Shared Protection Ring

MSAP Multiple Service Access Platform

MSOH Multiplex Section Overhead

MSP Multiplex Section Protection

MSTP Multiple Service Transport Platform

MSSP Multiple Service Switching Platform

MTBF Mean Time Between Failures

MTIE Maximum Time Interval Error

NE Network Element

NEF Network Element Function

NEL Network Element Layer

NML Network Manager Layer

NMS Network Management System

NUT Non-preemptible and Unprotected Traffic

OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance

OFS Out of Frame Second

OOF Out of Frame

OS Operation System

OSF Operation System Function

OSI Open System Interconnect

PCB Printed Circuit Board

PCM Pulse Code Modulation

PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

PGND Protection GND

PJE+ Pointer Justification Event +

PJE- Pointer Justification Event -

POH Path Overhead

PPP Point to Point Protocol

PRC Primary Reference Clock

QA Q Adaptor

QoS Quality of Service

RAM Random Access Memory

RDI Remote Defect Indication

REI Remote Error Indication

REG Regenerator

RFI Remote Failure Indication





RIP Router Information Protocol

RMII Reduced Medium Independent Interface

RS Regenerator Section

RSOH Regenerator Section Overhead

SD Signal Degrade

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SEC Station Equipment Clock

SES Severely Errored Second

SESR Severely Errored Second Ratio

SETS Synchronous Equipment Timing Source

SF Signal Failure

SFF Small Form Factor

SFP Small Form Factor Pluggable

SM Single Mode

SMCC Sub-network management control center

SML Service Management Layer

SMN SDH Management Network

SMS SDH Management Sub-Network

SMT Surface Mount Technology

SNCP Sub-network Connection Protection

SOH Section Overhead

SPRING Shared Protection Ring

SSM Synchronous State Message

STM-N Synchronous Transport Module Level-N

TCP Transport Control Protocol

TDEV Time Deviation

TDM Time Division Multiplex

TIF Telemetry Interface

TM Terminal Multiplexer

TMN Telecommunications Management Network

TU Tributary Unit

UAS Unavailable Second

VC Virtual Container

VC-n Virtual Container level n

VDN Virtual Data Network

VLAN Virtual Local Area Network

WAN Wide Area Network

WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing




9. Appendix 2: Basis Technologies

In this section, the following key basis technologies for SURPASS hiT 70series are described:

Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)

Virtual Concatenation (VCat, a standard way of packing lower bandwidth circuits into SDH/SONET frames)

Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS)

Ethernet Functions

RPR (Resilient Packet Ring)

9.1 Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)

GFP/G.7041 provides a framing procedure for octet-aligned, variable-length payloads for subsequent mapping into SDH VC-groups.

GFP differs from other packet mappings (e.g., Packet over SONET) because it is Layer 2 independent and maintains the Layer-2 header information, in a manner such that the destination node may reproduce the entire stream of Layer-2 frames. This in turn, allows the transport network to transparently connect two Layer-2 devices.

GFP standard includes two modes: transparent and frame-mapped.

Transparent Mode (GFP-T) allows block-coded LAN and SAN signals, such as Gigabit Ethernet, Fiber Channel, Ficon, and Escon, to be transported and switched across an optical network, while preserving the full client-signal information

Frame-Mapped Mode (GFP-F), on the other hand, is used to adapt Protocol Data Unit (PDU)-oriented signals – client signals that are already framed or packetized by the client protocol – and may operate at the data-link layer (or higher) of the client signal. GFP-F maps one frame or packet of the client signal, such as IP/PPP or Ethernet MAC, into one GFP frame. GFP frames, each associated with different clients, can be multiplexed onto a single TDM channel before SDH transport. This packet aggregation capability provides greater bandwidth efficiency.

SURPASS hiT 7035 supports the GFP-F mode. The FCS of the GFP frame may optionally be used, additionally to the FCS of the Ethernet frame.




VCOverhead VC Payload

GFP Frame

Preamble SFD control0x11 DA 6-bytes SA 6-bytes T/L 2-bytes Payload CRC 4-bytesEthernet Packet

PLI 2-bytes HEC 2 byte type 2-bytes HEC 2byte GFP Ex Payload FCS 4-bytes

Core Header Payload Header

Variable 4-65535 Byte

GFP Frame

SDH Frame

Figure 67 - GFP mapping

Benefits of GFP

The key benefits of GFP are the uniform mechanism to support all L2 protocols and high encapsulation efficiency. This provides convergence of next-generation services with existing infrastructure investment to provide network consolidation and cost savings. GFP provides:

Uniform and deterministic mapping of packet and future services to SDH/SONET transport protocols which is more robust frame delineation than flag-based mechanisms such as HDLC.

Efficient network resource utilization via GFP’s low overhead characteristics, and compatibility with virtual-concatenation processing

Flexibility of Extension Headers: This allows topology application specific fields to be defined without affecting frame delineation functions

Payload independent frame expansion, and therefore no byte stuffing.

Greater bandwidth efficiency through GFP-F frame-mode’s support for packet-level multiplexing, which allows aggregation of multiple client streams into a single TDM channel

The ability to identify the encapsulated client protocol separately from the Extension Header. This could be used to allow frame forwarding based on Extension Header fields without requiring recognition of the encapsulated client protocol.

GFP provides the interworking condition among different vendors, which is not so easy to obtain with other alternatives of the Ethernet over SDH, like PPP. The following table provides with a comparison between the two methods.




GFP Multilink PPP, PPP

Support of topologies Point to point, ring and linear Point to point

Frame delineation No need for specific frame flags, using the relationship between the PLI and cHEC to delineate frames. More stable.

Specific frame flags (opening/closing flags) are needed.

Bit/Byte stuffing No Mandatory

Class of Service

Yes, GFP frame contains data priority bits which supports for congestion control Not supported

Extendibility Excellent Not supported

Mapping method Framed, Transparent Mapped Framed

Jumbo frame support No limitation on the frame length Not supported

Figure 68 - Comparison between GFP and PPP

9.2 Virtual Concatenation (VCat)

In order to transport payloads exceeding the payload capacity of the standard set of Virtual Container Group (VC-Group), Virtual Concatenation was defined. There are two types of concatenations defined in ITU standards: contiguous and virtual concatenation.

Contiguous concatenation has been part of SDH from its early days. It was conceived to accommodate high-speed data applications that use protocols such as ATM. The ITU G.707 defined contiguously concatenated containers only to support certain rates including: STM-4c, STM-16c and STM-64c.

The basic idea of virtual concatenation (VCat) acc. to ITU-T 707 is to create a finer granularity of payloads than contiguous concatenation can offer. In addition, some legacy SDH equipment may not support contiguous concatenation transport switching, and virtually concatenated traffic is transported as individual VC-groups across the SDH network and recombined at the destination node. Carriers can map any arbitrary bandwidth to a corresponding and appropriate number of VC-12 or VC-3 or VC-4 channels. The benefits of VCat are:

Efficiency: little bandwidth is wasted and carriers now have a more efficient scenario for carrying data over the SDH network.

Compatibility: Virtual concatenation works across legacy networks. Only the end nodes of the network need to be aware of the virtually concatenated containers.

Intermediate SDH nodes forward the single Containers transparently throughout the network. Hence, with virtual concatenation, such channels can be routed over legacy networks that do not support contiguous channels.

Reliability: Virtual Concatenation, along with LCAS, allows new and efficient shared protection mechanism.




9.3 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS)

LCAS (ITU-T Recommendation G.7042/Y.1305, approved by the ITU-T in November 2001) is a protocol to synchronize the re-sizing of a virtual concatenation group in use, so it can be changed without corrupting packets in the process. LCAS provides automatic recovery of a link after member failures.

LCAS builds on Virtual Concatenation. While the virtual concatenation is a simple labeling of individual VC members within a virtual concatenation group, LCAS is a two-way signaling protocol that runs continuously between the two ends of the pipe and ensures that commands from the network management system to alter the pipe capacity do not impair the user’s traffic. LCAS adds several highly significant features to SDH’s capabilities:

The combination of VCat and LCAS creates fine-tuned and variable capacity SDH pipes to match the needs of packet data QOS (quality of service) and customer SLAs (service-level agreements) – and to boost carriers’ traffic-handling scalability and efficiency. LCAS allows adjustment of the size of a virtually concatenated group of channels.

The combination of VCat and LCAS can also provide soft protection schemes. Using VCat, traffic is distributively mapped into several SDH containers (e.g. VC-12s) and sent by different paths. When certain VC-12s in the same VC group fail, LCAS can delete the failed VCs from the group. The traffic can then be dynamically adapted to the rest of the VC12s bandwidth for transmission. Otherwise – without LCAS - a failure in one path of a channel built up of diversely routed paths would lead to loss of all the traffic.

9.4 Ethernet Functions and Services

Layer 2 Ethernet functions implemented in state-of-the-art transport system may include the following:

Layer 2 aggregation

Layer 2 switching

802.1p QoS/CoS based on Ethernet port and/or VLAN

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) to provide Layer 2 traffic protection

Rate limiting function per port and policing per Port or per VLAN basis, the maximum allowable rate per port or per VLAN is user provisionable.

VLAN function

Ethernet Shared Ring (ESR): Layer 2 switch and Aggregator cards: all the traffic goes through the shared ring.

Ethernet / (virtual) Private Line / Ethernet Private-Line (EpL)

Ethernet (virtual) LAN (EvLAN) / Ethernet-LAN (ELAN)

Port Cross Connection and Por+VLAN Cross Connection




Port Cross Connection means the frame from ingress port (both WAN or LAN) will be forward to egress port (both WAN or LAN) according to the ingress port. At the ingress port a forward table is configured by operator to define the egress port base on the ingress port.

Figure 69 – Port Cross Connection

Under port aggregation mode, four types of VLAN operation on the input packet can be take:

(1) One port direct forwards packet to the other port without any VLAN manipulation

(2) One port direct forwards packet to the other port with adding Tag PVID,

i. In coming untagged frame will be added a PVID (TPID default 0x8100)

ii. In coming tagged frame with TPID 0x8100 will be forwarded without VLAN manipulation

(3) One port direct forwards packet to the other port with stack a VLAN Tag,

i. Untagged frame and tagged frame will always be added an VLAN id and

(4) One port direct forwards packet to the other port with Stripping VLAN tag at the egress

Port+VLAN Cross Connection (VLAN aggregation) means the frame from ingress port from ingress port (both WAN or LAN) will be forward to egress port (both WAN or LAN) according to its VLAN tag. At the ingress port a forward table is configured by operator to define the egress port based on VLAN. Untagged frame will be discarded.




Figure 70 – VLAN aggregation

Under port aggregation mode, four types of VLAN operation on the input packet can be taken:

(1). Forwarding the packet without any VLAN manipulation (new request)

(2) Forwarding the packet with stacking a VLAN tag (double tag tunneling)

(3) Forwarding the packet with translating a VLAN ID (VLAN id replace)

(4) Forwarding the packet with stripping the VLAN tag at the egress (new request)

Different ingress VLAN id can be forward to the same egress port, but frame with same VLAN ID can not be mapped to the different egress port.




10. Appendix 3: Related Documents

Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7020





Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7060 HC


Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7070 SC/DC


Nokia Siemens Networks_SURPASS HiT 7035_Technical Description

Documents

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