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Noise Assessment
Proposed KFC DevelopmentDP1067209, Lot 13, Windsor RoadKellyville Ridge, NSW.
Prepared for: Fishfood Holdings Pty LtdJune 2020MAC190808RP1V3
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Document Information
Noise Assessment
Proposed KFC Development
DP1067209, Lot 13, Windsor Road, Kellyville Ridge, NSW.
DOCUMENT ID STATUS DATE PREPARED BY SIGNED REVIEWED BY SIGNED
MAC190808RP1V3 Final 19 June 2020 Robin Heaton Oliver Muller
DISCLAIMERAll documents produced by Muller Acoustic Consulting Pty Ltd (MAC) are prepared for a particular client’s requirements and are based on a specific scope,
circumstances and limitations derived between MAC and the client. Information and/or report(s) prepared by MAC may not be suitable for uses other than the
original intended objective. No parties other than the client should use or reproduce any information and/or report(s) without obtaining permission from MAC.
Any information and/or documents prepared by MAC is not to be reproduced, presented or reviewed except in full.
Prepared for: Fishfood Holdings Pty Ltd39A Hull RoadBeecroft NSW 2119
Prepared by: Muller Acoustic Consulting Pty LtdPO Box 262, Newcastle NSW 2300ABN: 36 602 225 132P: +61 2 4920 1833www.mulleracoustic.com
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CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................................................5
PROPOSAL..............................................................................................................................................................................5
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................................................................................7
GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................................7
RECEIVER REVIEW .................................................................................................................................................................7
PROPOSED ACTIVITIES .........................................................................................................................................................9
3 NOISE POLICY AND GUIDELINES ................................................................................................................................................ 11
NOISE POLICY FOR INDUSTRY.......................................................................................................................................... 11
PROJECT NOISE TRIGGER LEVELS......................................................................................................................... 12
PROJECT INTRUSIVENESS NOISE LEVEL ............................................................................................................... 12
PROJECT AMENITY NOISE LEVEL ........................................................................................................................... 12
MAXIMUM NOISE LEVEL ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................................. 14
STATE ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING POLICY (INFRASTRUCTURE 2007) ...................................................................... 15
INTERIM CONSTRUCTION NOISE GUIDELINE.................................................................................................................. 15
CONSTRUCTION NOISE MANAGEMENT LEVELS................................................................................................... 17
4 NOISE CRITERIA ............................................................................................................................................................................ 19
BACKGROUND NOISE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................................................. 19
UNATTENDED NOISE MONITORING ....................................................................................................................... 19
OPERATIONAL NOISE CRITERIA........................................................................................................................................ 20
PROJECT INTRUSIVENESS NOISE LEVELS ............................................................................................................. 20
PROJECT AMENITY NOISE LEVELS ......................................................................................................................... 20
PROJECT NOISE TRIGGER LEVELS......................................................................................................................... 21
MAXIMUM NOISE LEVEL ASSESSMENT CRITERIA ........................................................................................................... 21
CONSTRUCTION NOISE MANAGEMENT LEVELS ............................................................................................................. 22
5 NOISE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY........................................................................................................................................ 23
SOUND POWER LEVELS ..................................................................................................................................................... 23
NOISE ATTENUATION ASSUMPTIONS............................................................................................................................... 24
6 NOISE ASSESSMENT RESULTS .................................................................................................................................................... 25
OPERATIONAL NOISE RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................ 25
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MAXIMUM NOISE LEVELS ASSESSMENT RESULTS ......................................................................................................... 26
CONSTRUCTION NOISE RESULTS..................................................................................................................................... 26
7 CONSTRUCTION RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................................................................................................... 27
8 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................................ 29
APPENDIX A - GLOSSARY OF TERMS
APPENDIX B - SITE PLANS
APPENDIX C - NOISE LOGGING CHARTS
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1 Introduction
Muller Acoustic Consulting Pty Ltd (MAC) has been commissioned by Bradshaw Property Group on
behalf of Fishfood Holdings Pty Ltd to prepare a Noise Assessment (NA) to quantify emissions from the
proposed KFC Operation (the ‘operation’) to be established at DP1067209, Lot 13, Windsor Road,
Kellyville Ridge, NSW.
The NA has quantified potential operational, sleep disturbance and construction noise emissions from
the operation and recommends reasonable and feasible noise controls where required.
The assessment has been undertaken in accordance with the following documents:
Environment Protection Authority (EPA), NSW Noise Policy for Industry (NPI) 2017;
Australian Standard AS 1055:2018 - Acoustics - Description and measurement of
environmental noise - General Procedures; and
International Standard ISO 9613:1993 - Acoustics - Attenuation of sound during propagation
outdoors.
A glossary of terms, definitions and abbreviations used in this report is provided in Appendix A.
Proposal
The project proposes the construction of a new KFC Operation at DP1067209, Lot 13, Windsor Road,
Kellyville Ridge, NSW. The project will consist of the KFC building, two drive-thru lanes, a walk up window
and four light vehicle parking bays. No internal or external dining areas are proposed as part of the
operation. The operation is proposed to operate 7am to 3am, seven days with consumable goods
deliveries proposed to occur between 5am to 7am, seven days. Appendix B provides the site layout
plans of the project.
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2 Project Description
General
The operation is to be established at DP1067209, Lot 13 Windsor Road, Kellyville Ridge, NSW. The
surrounding noise catchment consists of residential receivers situated to the north, north-west, and west
of the project site. Several commercial receivers are located adjacent to the south of the project site,
with Windsor Road located to the east of the project site.
Receiver Review
A review of residential and commercial receivers in close proximity to the project has been completed
and are summarised in Table 1, along with their height relative to ground elevation. Figure 1 provides a
locality plan showing the position of these receivers in relation to the project.
Table 1 Receiver Locations
ReceiverCoordinates
(MGA56)Receiver Height Receiver Type
R1 307933 6269220 1.5/4/7/10/13m Residential
R2 307920 6269245 1.5/4/7/10/13m Residential
R3 307920 6269262 1.5/4/7/10/13m Residential
R4 307935 6269268 1.5/4/7/10/13m Residential
R5 307955 6269279 1.5/4/7/10m Residential
C1 307961 6269194 1.5m Commercial
C2 307946 6269247 1.5m Commercial
R1
WIN
DSO
R R
OA
DR2
R4
R5
C2
C1
R3
FIGURE 1 LOCALITY PLAN
REF: MAC190808
KEY
*Imagery Source : nearmaps
30m0
KEY
SITE LOCATION
RECEIVER LOCATIONR1
LOGGER LOCATIONL1
L1
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Proposed Activities
There are several key activities associated with the project that have the potential to generate acoustic
impacts on nearby receivers.
Table 2 provides a summary of project noise sources and the assessment period in which they propose
to occur.
Table 2 Noise Generating Activities
Activity/Source Period1 Operational
Customer light vehicles
Day (7am to 6pm)
Evening (6pm to 10pm)
Night (10pm to 5am)
Morning Shoulder (5am to 7am) X
Customer Ordering Display
(COD)
Day (7am to 6pm)
Evening (6pm to 10pm)
Night (10pm to 5am)
Morning Shoulder (5am to 7am) X
Consumable Goods Deliveries
Day (7am to 6pm)
Evening (6pm to 10pm)
Night (10pm to 5am) X
Morning Shoulder (5am to 7am)
Mechanical Plant
Day (7am to 6pm)
Evening (6pm to 10pm)
Night (10pm to 5am)
Morning Shoulder (5am to 7am) X
Waste Collection
Day (7am to 6pm)
Evening (6pm to 10pm)
Night (10pm to 5am) X
Morning Shoulder (5am to 7am) Note 1: Morning Shoulder – the period from 5am to 7am Monday to Saturday or 5am to 8am on Sundays, Day - the period from 7am to 6pm Monday to Saturday or 8am to 6pm on
Sundays and public holidays; Evening - the period from 6pm to 10pm; Night - the remaining periods.
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3 Noise Policy and Guidelines
Noise Policy for Industry
The EPA released the Noise Policy for Industry (NPI) in October 2017 which provides a process for
establishing noise criteria for consents and licenses enabling the EPA to regulate noise emissions from
scheduled premises under the Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997. The objectives of the
NPI are to:
provide noise criteria that is used to assess the change in both short term and long term noise
levels;
provide a clear and consistent framework for assessing environmental noise impacts from
industrial premises and industrial development proposals;
promote the use of best-practice noise mitigation measures that are feasible and reasonable
where potential impacts have been identified; and
support a process to guide the determination of achievable noise limits for planning approvals
and/or licences, taking into account the matters that must be considered under the relevant
legislation (such as the economic and social benefits and impacts of industrial development).
The policy sets out a process for industrial noise management involving the following key steps:
1. Determine the Project Noise Trigger Levels (PNTLs) (ie criteria) for a development. These are the
levels (criteria), above which noise management measures are required to be considered. They are
derived by considering two factors: shorter-term intrusiveness due to changes in the noise
environment; and maintaining the noise amenity of an area.
2. Predict or measure the noise levels produced by the development with regard to the presence of
annoying noise characteristics and meteorological effects such as temperature inversions and wind.
3. Compare the predicted or measured noise level with the PNTL, assessing impacts and the need for
noise mitigation and management measures.
4. Consider residual noise impacts - that is, where noise levels exceed the PNTLs after the application
of feasible and reasonable noise mitigation measures. This may involve balancing economic, social
and environmental costs and benefits from the proposed development against the noise impacts,
including consultation with the affected community where impacts are expected to be significant.
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5. Set statutory compliance levels that reflect the best achievable and agreed noise limits for the
development.
6. Monitor and report environmental noise levels from the development.
Project Noise Trigger Levels
The policy sets out the procedure to determine the PNTLs relevant to an industrial development. The
PNTL is the lower (ie, the more stringent) value of the Project Intrusiveness Noise Level (PINL) and Project
Amenity Noise Level (PANL) determined in accordance with Section 2.3 and Section 2.4 of the NPI.
Project Intrusiveness Noise Level
The PINL (LAeq,15min) is the RBL + 5dB and seeks to limit the degree of change a new noise source
introduces to an existing environment. Hence, when assessing intrusiveness, background noise levels
needs to be measured.
Project Amenity Noise Level
The PANL is relevant to a specific land use or locality. To limit continuing increases in intrusiveness
levels, the ambient noise level within an area from all combined industrial sources should remain below
the recommended amenity noise levels specified in Table 2.2 (of the NPI). The NPI defines two
categories of amenity noise levels:
Amenity Noise Levels (ANL) – are determined considering all current and future industrial noise
within a receiver area.
Project Amenity Noise Levels (PANL) – is the recommended levels for a receiver area,
specifically focusing the project being assessed.
Additionally, Section 2.4 of the NPI states: “to ensure that industrial noise levels (existing plus new)
remain within the recommended amenity noise levels for an area, a project amenity noise levels applies
for each new source of industrial noise as follows”:
Project amenity noise levels for industrial developments = recommended amenity noise levels minus
5dBA.
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The following exceptions apply when deriving the PANL:
areas with high traffic noise levels;
proposed developments in major industrial clusters;
existing industrial noise and cumulative industrial noise effects; and
greenfield sites.
The NPI states with respect to high traffic noise areas:
The level of transport noise, road traffic noise in particular, may be high enough to make noise from an
industrial source effectively inaudible, even though the LAeq noise level from that industrial noise source
may exceed the project amenity noise level. In such cases the project amenity noise level may be derived
from the LAeq, period(traffic) minus 15 dB(A).
Where relevant this assessment has considered influences of traffic with respect to amenity noise levels
(ie areas where existing traffic noise levels are 10dB greater than the recommended amenity noise level).
The recommended amenity noise levels as per Table 2.2 of the NPI reproduced in Table 3.
Table 3 Amenity Criteria
Receiver TypeNoise Amenity
AreaTime of day
Recommended amenity noise level
dB LAeq
Residential Urban
Day 60
Evening 50
Night 45
Commercial premises All When in use 65
Notes: The recommended amenity noise levels refer only to noise from industrial noise sources. However, they refer to noise from all such sources at the receiver location, and not
only noise due to a specific project under consideration. The levels represent outdoor levels except where otherwise stated.
Types of receivers are defined as rural residential; suburban residential; urban residential; industrial interface; commercial; industrial – see Table 2.3 and Section 2.7.
Time of day is defined as follows: (These periods may be varied where appropriate, for example, see A3 in Fact Sheet A.)
• day – the period from 7am to 6pm Monday to Saturday or 8am to 6pm on Sundays and public holidays
• evening – the period from 6pm to 10pm
• night – the remaining periods.
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Maximum Noise Level Assessment
The potential for sleep disturbance from maximum noise level events from a project during the night-
time period needs to be considered. The NPI considers sleep disturbance to be both awakenings and
disturbance to sleep stages.
Where night-time noise levels from a development/premises at a residential location exceed:
LAeq(15min) 40dBA or the prevailing RBL plus 5dB, whichever is the greater, and/or
LAmax 52dBA or the prevailing RBL plus 15dB, whichever is the greater,
a detailed maximum noise level event assessment should be undertaken.
A detailed assessment should cover the maximum noise level, the extent to which the maximum noise
level exceeds the rating background noise level, and the number of times this happens during the night-
time period.
Other factors that may be important in assessing the impacts on sleep disturbance include:
how often the events would occur;
the distribution of likely events across the night-time period and the existing ambient maximum
events in the absence of the development;
whether there are times of day when there is a clear change in the noise environment (such as
during early morning shoulder periods); and
current understanding of effects of maximum noise level events at night.
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State Environmental Planning Policy (Infrastructure 2007)
Part 3, Division 17, Subdivision 2, Clause 102 of the State Environmental Planning Policy (SEPP) is aimed
at managing the acoustic impact of road corridors, with an AADT of in excess of 40,000 vehicles on
surrounding receivers. The clause applies to the following developments:
residential accommodation;
a place of public worship;
a hospital; and
an educational establishment or centre-based childcare facility.
The SEPP is not relevant to this project as it is a commercial development.
Furthermore, the internal noise level for employees within the operation would be greater than road noise
intrusion into the operation.
Interim Construction Noise Guideline
The assessment and management of noise from construction work is completed with reference to the
Interim Construction Noise Guideline (ICNG). The ICNG is specifically aimed at managing noise from
construction work regulated by the EPA and is used to assist in setting statutory conditions in licences
or other regulatory instruments. The types of construction regulated by the EPA under the POEO Act
(1997), include construction, maintenance and renewal activities carried out by a public authority, such
as road upgrades as described in Schedule 1 of the POEO Act.
The ICNG sets out procedures to identify and address the impact of construction noise on residences
and other sensitive land uses. This section provides a summary of noise objectives that are applicable
to the assessment.
The ICNG provides two methodologies for the assessment of construction noise emissions:
Quantitative, which is suited to major construction projects with typical durations of more than
three weeks;
Qualitative, which is suited to short term infrastructure maintenance (for projects with a typical
duration of less than three weeks).
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The methodology for a quantitative assessment requires a more complex approach, involving noise
emission predictions from construction activities to the nearest relevant receptors. The qualitative
assessment methodology is a more simplified approach that relies more on noise management
strategies. This study has adopted a quantitative assessment approach.
The quantitative approach includes identification of potentially affected receptors, description of
activities involved in the project, derivation of the construction noise management levels, quantification
of potential noise impact at receptors and, provides management and mitigation recommendations.
Table 4 summarises the ICNG recommended standard hours for construction.
Table 4 Recommended Standard Hours for Construction
Period Preferred Construction Hours
Day (Standard construction hours)
Monday to Friday - 7am to 6pm
Saturdays - 8am to 1pm
Sundays or Public Holidays - No construction
The recommended hours do not apply in the event of direction from police, or other relevant authorities,
for safety reasons or where required in an emergency to avoid the loss of lives, property and/or to prevent
environmental harm. Work conducted outside of standard hours are considered out of hours work (OOH).
OOH periods are divided into two categories representing evening and night periods and cover the
hours listed below:
Period 1 (evening/low risk period): Monday to Friday – 6pm to 10pm, Saturdays – 1pm to 6pm,
Sundays – 8am to 6pm.
Period 2 (night/medium to high risk period): Monday to Friday – 10pm to 7am,
Saturdays/Sundays – 6pm to 7am (8am on Sunday mornings).
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Construction Noise Management Levels
Section 4 of the ICNG details the quantitative assessment method involving predicting noise levels and
comparing them with the Noise Management Level (NML), and are important indicators of the potential
level of construction noise impact. Table 5 provides the ICNG recommended LAeq(15min) NMLs and how
they are to be applied.
Table 5 Noise Management Levels
Time of DayManagement Level
LAeq(15min)1 How to Apply
Recommended standard
hours: Monday to Friday
7am to 6pm Saturday
8am to 1pm No work on
Sundays or public
holidays.
Noise affected
RBL + 10 dB.
The noise affected level represents the point above which there
may be some community reaction to noise.
Where the predicted or measured LAeq(15min) is greater than
the noise affected level, the proponent should apply all feasible
and reasonable work practices to meet the noise affected level.
The proponent should also inform all potentially impacted
residents of the nature of work to be carried out, the expected
noise levels and duration, as well as contact details.
Highly noise affected
75 dBA.
The highly noise affected level represents the point above
which there may be strong community reaction to noise.
Where noise is above this level, the relevant authority (consent,
determining or regulatory) may require respite periods by
restricting the hours that the very noisy activities can occur,
taking into account times identified by the community when
they are less sensitive to noise (such as before and after
school for work near schools, or mid-morning or mid-afternoon
for work near residences; and if the community is prepared to
accept a longer period of construction in exchange for
restrictions on construction times.
Outside recommended
standard hours.
Noise affected
RBL + 5 dB.
A strong justification would typically be required for work
outside the recommended standard hours.
The proponent should apply all feasible and reasonable work
practices to meet the noise affected level.
Where all feasible and reasonable practices have been applied
and noise is more than 5 dBA above the noise affected level,
the proponent should negotiate with the community.
For guidance on negotiating agreements see section 7.2.2.Note 1: The Rating Background Level (RBL) is an overall single figure background level representing each assessment period over the whole monitoring period. The RBL is used to determine
the construction noise management levels for noise assessment purposes and is the median of the ABL’s.
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4 Noise Criteria
Background Noise Environment
Unattended Noise Monitoring
To quantify the existing background noise environment of the area, unattended noise monitoring was
conducted at the undeveloped project site, as shown in Figure 1 and is considered representative of
surrounding receivers as per Fact Sheet B1.1 of the NPI.
The unattended noise survey was conducted in general accordance with the procedures described in
Australian Standard AS 1055:2018, “Acoustics - Description and Measurement of Environmental Noise”.
The measurements were carried out using a Type 1, Svantek 977 noise analyser from Friday
2 August 2019 to Monday 12 August 2019. Observations on-site identified the surrounding locality was
typical of an urban environment, with commercial sources and traffic noise audible. Calibration of all
instrumentation was checked prior to and following measurements. Drift in calibration did not exceed
±0.5dBA. All equipment carried appropriate and current NATA (or manufacturer) calibration certificates.
Data affected by adverse meteorological conditions have been excluded from the results in accordance
with methodologies provided in Fact Sheet A4 of the NPI. Residential receptors situated in surrounding
area have been classified under the EPA’s urban amenity category. This criterion is used in conjunction
with the intrusiveness criteria to determine the limiting criteria. The results of long-term unattended noise
monitoring are provided in Table 6. The noise monitoring charts for the background logging assessment
are provided in Appendix C.
Table 6 Background Noise Monitoring Summary
Monitoring Location Period1 Measured Background Noise Level (LA90)
RBL, dBA
Measured
dB LAeq
L1
Day 57 70
Evening 56 69
Night 45 65
Morning Shoulder 51 69
Note: Excludes periods of wind or rain affected data. Meteorological data obtained from the Bureau of Meteorology weather station Horsley Park Equestrian Centre AWS 33.85°S 150.85°E
100m AMSL.
Note 1: Morning Shoulder – the period from 5am to 7am Monday to Saturday or 5am to 8am on Sundays, Day - the period from 7am to 6pm Monday to Saturday or 8am to 6pm on Sundays
and public holidays; Evening - the period from 6pm to 10pm; Night - the remaining periods.
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Operational Noise Criteria
Project Intrusiveness Noise Levels
The Project Intrusiveness Noise Levels (PINLs) for the project are presented in Table 7 and have been
determined based on the RBL +5dBA.
Table 7 Project Intrusiveness Noise Levels
Receiver Period1 RBL
dB LA90
PINL
dB LAeq(15min)
R1-R5
Day 57 62
Evening 56 61
Night 45 50
Morning Shoulder 51 56
Note: As per Section 2.1 of the NPI, Intrusiveness Noise Levels only apply to residences.
Note 1: Morning Shoulder – the period from 5am to 7am Monday to Saturday or 5am to 8am on Sundays, Day - the period from 7am to 6pm Monday to Saturday or 8am to 6pm on
Sundays and public holidays; Evening - the period from 6pm to 10pm; Night - the remaining periods.
Project Amenity Noise Levels
The Project Amenity Noise Levels (PANLs) for residential receivers and other receiver types (ie non-
residential) potentially affected by the project are presented in Table 8.
Table 8 Amenity Noise Levels and Project Amenity Noise Levels
Receiver TypeNoise Amenity
Area
Assessment
Period1
Recommended ANL
dB LAeq(period)2
PANL
dB LAeq(period)
PANL
dB LAeq(15min)4
R1-R5 Urban
Day 60 553 58
Evening 50 543 57
Night 45 503 53
Morning Shoulder5 N/A N/A N/A
C1-C2 Commercial When in use 65 65 68
Note 1: Morning Shoulder – the period from 5am to 7am Monday to Saturday or 5am to 8am on Sundays, Day - the period from 7am to 6pm Monday to Saturday or 8am to 6pm on
Sundays and public holidays; Evening - the period from 6pm to 10pm; Night - the remaining periods.
Note 2: Recommended amenity noise levels as per Table 2.2 of the NPI.
Note 3: LAeq,period (traffic) as per section 2.4.1 of the NPI (i.e. existing LAeq Traffic -15dB).
Note 4: Includes a +3dB adjustment to the amenity period level to convert to a fifteen-minute assessment period as per Section 2.2 of the NPI.
Note 5: In accordance with the NPI, shoulder periods are assessed on intrusiveness criteria only.
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Project Noise Trigger Levels
The Project Noise Trigger Levels (PNTLs) are the lower of either the PINL or the PANL. Table 9 presents
the derivation of the PNTLs in accordance with the methodologies outlined in the NPI.
Table 9 Project Noise Trigger Levels
Receiver Period1 PINL
dB LAeq(15min)
PANL
dB LAeq(15min)
PNTL
dB LAeq(15min)
R1-R5
Day 62 58 58
Evening 61 57 57
Night 50 53 50
Morning Shoulder 56 N/A 56
C1-C2 When in use N/A 68 68
Note 1: Morning Shoulder – the period from 5am to 7am Monday to Saturday or 5am to 8am on Sundays, Day - the period from 7am to 6pm Monday to Saturday or 8am to 6pm on
Sundays and public holidays; Evening - the period from 6pm to 10pm; Night - the remaining periods.
Maximum Noise Level Assessment Criteria
Table 10 provides the sleep disturbance criterion for the nearest residential receivers. The sleep
disturbance criterion has been derived based on the night and morning shoulder RBL.
Table 10 Maximum Noise Level Assessment Screening Criteria
Residential Receivers R1-R5 - Night
LAeq(15min) LAmax
40dB LAeq(15min) or RBL + 5dB 52dB LAmax or RBL + 15dB
Trigger 40 Trigger 52
RBL45 +5dB 50 RBL 45+15dB 60
Highest 50 Highest 60
Residential Receivers R1-R5 – Morning Shoulder
LAeq(15min) LAmax
40dB LAeq(15min) or RBL + 5dB 52dB LAmax or RBL + 15dB
Trigger 40 Trigger 52
RBL 51+5dB 56 RBL 51+15dB 66
Highest 56 Highest 66
Note: Monday to Saturday; Night 10pm to 7am. On Sundays and Public Holidays Night 10pm to 8am.
Note: NPI identifies that maximum of the two values is to be adopted which is shown in bold font.
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Construction Noise Management Levels
The Construction Noise Management Levels (CNMLs), established in accordance with the ICNG for the
project are presented in Table 11.
Table 11 Construction Noise Management Levels
Receivers Period1 RBL
dB LA90
CNML
(RBL+10dB) dB LAeq(15min)
R1-R5 Day 57 67
C1-C2 Day N/A 70
Note 1: See Table 4 of this report for Recommended Standard Hours for construction.
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5 Noise Assessment Methodology
DGMR (iNoise, Version 2019.1) noise modelling software was used to assess potential noise impacts
from the project. The model incorporated three-dimensional ground contours and buildings within the
project site and the surrounding locality. Plant and equipment were modelled at various locations and
heights, representative of realistic operating conditions for assessed scenarios. The model calculation
method used to predict noise levels was in accordance with ISO 9613-1 ‘Acoustics - Attenuation of sound
during propagation outdoors. Part 1: Calculation of the absorption of sound by the atmosphere’ and ISO
9613-2 ‘Acoustics - Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors. Part 2: General method of
calculation’.
Sound Power Levels
Table 12 presents the sound power level for each noise source modelled in this assessment. It is noted
that sound power levels were sourced from manufacturer’s specifications or from in-field measurements
at similar project sites. The sound power levels have been adjusted to account for duration over a
15-minute period.
Table 12 Acoustically Significant Sources - Sound Power Levels (re 10-12 Watts)
Item and number modelled
per 15 minutes
Individual Sound Power
Level, dB LAeq(15min)
Total source Sound Power
Level, dB LAeq(15min)
Source
Height1
Operation
Fan CGD404 (x1) 77 77 0.5m
AC Plant PKY620T-6Q1 (x1) 81 81 0.5m
Customer Ordering Displays (x2) 75 78 1.0m
Truck Deliveries/Garbage Collection (x1) 92 92 1.5m
Car idle, start up and drive off (x11) 73 83 0.5m
Sleep disturbance assessment (LAmax), Night time periods (10pm to 7am)
Customer Yelling 92 1.0m
Delivery Impact 102 1.0m
Construction Fleet
Combined Construction Fleet 108 1.5m
Note 1: Height above the relative ground or building below source.
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Noise Attenuation Assumptions
The noise model incorporated the following controls and assumptions:
inclusion of acoustic green roof over the COD / loading bay area as per the site plans (see
Appendix B);
the COD’s are assumed to be set at the lowest volume setting; and
garbage collection is undertaken utilising a pantec sized garbage truck which has an
equivalent noise level to that of a delivery truck.
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6 Noise Assessment Results
This assessment has quantified operational noise levels at the nearest receivers combining the
simultaneous occurrence of all the following sources:
customer car noise (driving around site / parking);
COD’s, customers, passbys and deliveries/collections; and
mechanical plant.
Operational Noise Results
Noise predictions from all sources have been quantified at surrounding residential receivers to the
project site and are presented in Table 13.
It is probable that several plant may operate simultaneously on occasion for a limited duration. To
account for this, modelling has adopted the LAeq(15min) contribution of sources which were derived from
in-field measurements of operation sources or activities. Noise levels from combined activities are
predicted to satisfy the relevant NPI criteria at all nearest receivers.
Table 13 Combined Noise Predictions – All Receivers
Residential Receivers
Rec
Predicted Noise Level dB LAeq(15min) PNTL dB LAeq(15min)
CompliantDay Evening Night
Morning
ShoulderDay Evening Night
Morning
Shoulder
R1 51 51 42 51 58 57 50 56
R2 55 55 48 54 58 57 50 56
R3 46 46 45 36 58 57 50 56
R4 50 50 39 49 58 57 50 56
R5 45 45 42 42 58 57 50 56
Other Receivers
Rec
NoPeriod
Predicted Noise Level
dB LAeq(15min)
PNTL
dB LAeq(15min)Compliant
C1 When in use 36 68
C2 When in use 62 68
Note 1: Morning Shoulder – the period from 5am to 7am Monday to Saturday or 5am to 8am on Sundays, Day - the period from 7am to 6pm Monday to Saturday or 8am to 6pm on
Sundays and public holidays; Evening - the period from 6pm to 10pm; Night - the remaining periods.
MAC190808RP1V3 Page | 26
Maximum Noise Levels Assessment Results
In assessing maximum noise events, typical LAmax noise levels from transient events were assessed to
the nearest residential receivers. For the maximum noise assessment, a sound power level of 92dBA for
customer yelling noise during the night period and 102dBA for delivery impact during the morning
shoulder period are adopted for this assessment.
Predicted noise levels from LAmax events for assessed receivers are presented in Table 14. Results
identify that the maximum noise events screening criterion will be satisfied for all assessed receivers.
Table 14 Maximum Noise Levels Assessment (Night)1
ReceiverPredicted Level, LAmax dBA Screening Criteria, LAmax dBA
CompliantNight Morning Shoulder Night Morning Shoulder
R1 44 57 60 66
R2 44 48 60 66
R3 <35 42 60 66
R4 36 57 60 66
R5 41 52 60 66
Note 1: Morning Shoulder – the period from 5am to 7am Monday to Saturday or 5am to 8am on Sundays, Day - the period from 7am to 6pm Monday to Saturday or 8am to 6pm on
Sundays and public holidays; Evening - the period from 6pm to 10pm; Night - the remaining periods.
Construction Noise Results
Table 15 presents the results of modelled construction noise emissions. Predictions identify that
emissions from construction have the potential to be above the noise management levels for several
assessed receivers. Accordingly, recommendations to reduce the impact of construction noise
emissions on surrounding receivers, are provided in Section 7.
Table 15 Construction Noise Levels – All Receivers
Receiver Period1 Predicted Noise Level
dB LAeq(15min)
Management Level
dB LAeq(15min)Compliant
R1 Day 64 67
R2 Day 69 67 X
R3 Day 68 67 X
R4 Day 74 67 X
R5 Day 76 67 X
C1 Day 40 70
C2 Day 73 70 X
Note 1: See Table 4 for recommended standard hours for construction.
MAC190808RP1V3 Page | 27
7 Construction Recommendations
The results of the noise assessment demonstrate that levels during standard construction hours have
the potential to be above the ICNG noise management levels at the nearest receivers to the project.
Accordingly, it is recommended that noise management and mitigation measures be adopted during
noise intensive construction activities to limit impact on surrounding receivers.
Recommendations for consideration during construction activities for this project may include:
implement boundary fences/retaining walls as early as possible to maximise their attenuation
benefits to surrounding receivers;
toolbox and induction of personnel prior to shift to discuss noise control measures that may
be implemented to reduce noise emissions to the community;
where possible use mobile screens or construction hording to act as barriers between
construction works and receivers;
all plant should be shut down when not in use. Plant to be parked/started at farthest point from
relevant assessment locations;
operating plant in a conservative manner (no over-revving);
selection of the quietest suitable machinery available for each activity;
avoidance of noisy plant/machinery working simultaneously where practicable;
minimisation of metallic impact noise;
all plant are to utilise a broadband reverse alarm in lieu of the traditional hi frequency type
reverse alarm; and
undertake letter box drops to notify receivers of potential works.
MAC190808RP1V3 Page | 28
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MAC190808RP1V3 Page | 29
8 Discussion and Conclusion
Muller Acoustic Consulting Pty Ltd (MAC) has completed a Noise Assessment to quantify potential noise
impacts from the proposed KFC Operation to be established at DP1067209, Lot 13, Windsor Road,
Kellyville Ridge, NSW.
The assessment has quantified potential operational emissions pertaining to customer generated noise,
including light vehicles, truck deliveries and mechanical plant.
The results of the Noise Assessment demonstrate that emissions from the project would satisfy the
relevant PNTLs at all assessed receivers for all assessment periods once noise controls for the project
are implemented (see Section 5.2).
Furthermore, sleep disturbance is not anticipated, as emissions from impact noise are predicted to
remain below the EPA for maximum noise level screening criterion.
Modelled noise emissions from project construction activities identify that predicted noise emission
levels may be above the applicable construction management levels. Accordingly, noise management
measures are provided in this report to reduce potential impacts on surrounding receivers.
Based on the findings of the Noise Assessment, it is recommended Council approve the operation taking
into consideration the noise control and management strategies provided in this report.
MAC190808RP1V3 Page | 30
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MAC190808RP1V3
Appendix A - Glossary of Terms
MAC190808RP1V3
A number of technical terms have been used in this report and are explained in Table A1.
Table A1 Glossary of Terms
Term Description
1/3 Octave Single octave bands divided into three parts
Octave A division of the frequency range into bands, the upper frequency limit of each band being
twice the lower frequency limit.
ABL Assessment Background Level (ABL) is defined in the NPI as a single figure background level
for each assessment period (day, evening and night). It is the tenth percentile of the measured
LA90 statistical noise levels.
Ambient Noise The noise associated with a given environment. Typically a composite of sounds from many
sources located both near and far where no particular sound is dominant.
Extraneous
Noise
Noise resulting from activities that are not typical of the area. Atypical activities include sources
such as construction and holiday period traffic.
A Weighting A standard weighting of the audible frequencies designed to reflect the response of the human
ear to noise.
dBA Noise is measured in units called decibels (dB). There are several scales for describing noise,
the most common being the ‘A-weighted’ scale. This attempts to closely approximate the
frequency response of the human ear.
dB(Z), dB(L) Decibels Linear or decibels Z-weighted.
Hertz (Hz) The measure of frequency of sound wave oscillations per second - 1 oscillation per second
equals 1 hertz.
LA10 A noise level which is exceeded 10 % of the time. It is approximately equivalent to the average
of maximum noise levels.
LA90 Commonly referred to as the background noise, this is the level exceeded 90 % of the time.
LAeq The summation of noise over a selected period of time. It is the energy average noise from a
source, and is the equivalent continuous sound pressure level over a given period.
LAmax The maximum root mean squared (rms) sound pressure level received at the microphone
during a measuring interval.
RBL The Rating Background Level (RBL) is an overall single figure background level representing
each assessment period over the whole monitoring period. The RBL is used to determine the
intrusiveness criteria for noise assessment purposes and is the median of the ABL’s.
Sound power
level (LW)
This is a measure of the total power radiated by a source. The sound power of a source is a
fundamental location of the source and is independent of the surrounding environment. Or a
measure of the energy emitted from a source as sound and is given by :
= 10.log10 (W/Wo)
Where: W is the sound power in watts and Wo is the sound reference power at 10-12 watts.
MAC190808RP1V3
Table A2 provides a list of common noise sources and their typical sound level.
Table A2 Common Noise Sources and Their Typical Sound Pressure Levels (SPL), dBA
Source Typical Sound Level
Threshold of pain 140
Jet engine 130
Hydraulic hammer 120
Chainsaw 110
Industrial workshop 100
Lawn-mower (operator position) 90
Heavy traffic (footpath) 80
Elevated speech 70
Typical conversation 60
Ambient suburban environment 40
Ambient rural environment 30
Bedroom (night with windows closed) 20
Threshold of hearing 0
Figure A1 – Human Perception of Sound
MAC190808RP1V3
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MAC190808RP1V3
Appendix B - Site Plans
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MAC190808RP1V3
Appendix C - Noise Logging Charts
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Friday 2 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Saturday 3 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Sunday 4 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Monday 5 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Tuesday 6 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Wednesday 7 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Thursday 8 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Friday 9 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Saturday 10 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Sunday 11 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
Wind Speed (m
/s)M
easu
red
Noise
Lev
el, d
BA
Time (End of 15 Minute Sample Interval)
Background Noise Levels Windsor Rd Kellyville Ridge - Monday 12 August 2019
Rain >= 0.5mm LAmax LA1 LA10 LA90 LAeq Mean Wind Speed m/s
Muller Acoustic Consulting Pty LtdPO Box 262, Newcastle NSW 2300ABN: 36 602 225 132P: +61 2 4920 1833www.mulleracoustic.com