NOEL · NOEL NOEL . Title: Diapositive 1 Author: Illy, Margaux Created Date: 12/24/2015 9:45:21 AM
Noel Ellis
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Transcript of Noel Ellis
Noel Ellishttp://www.aber.ac.uk/en/ibers/staff/staff-list/noel_ellis/
Legume Genetics and Sport & Exercise ScienceWhat’s the connection?
Food legumes: peas, beans, lentils, ...
ProteinCarbohydrateOilFibreMinerals
high for plant derived foodvariablevariablegenerally quite highvarious e.g. Se
What’s the connection?
The Olympic Games (of course)
OlympiaPisa
The inhabitants of Pisa founded the Olympic games in 776 BC &organised them until 572 BC.
Pisum derives from Pisawhere archaeological remains show that peas were cultivated by the ancient GreeksSherwood (1898) Garden PeasJ.RHS 22: 239-260
Food legumes are diverse, with useful nutritional properties
Food composition can be controlled genetically
This means we can define the genetics of nutritional properties and use this to create or identify functional foods.
Three things I am going to say
ΔP
lasm
a gl
ucos
e m
mol
/l
0
6
4
2
-2
-4 0 1 2 3 4 hrs
mung bean starch
maize starch
glucose
not all starches are the same
Glycaemic index: staying power
Modified from Rizkalla et al. (2002) Brit. J. Nutr. 88 S255-S262
The glycaemic potency of breakfast and cognitive function in school children.Micha et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 64: 948-57. Nutritional Sciences Research Division, King's College London
Starch synthesis: genetic variation
WT SBE1 ADPG PGMP SUS2 GBSSII SSI
all of these wrinkled seed mutants are defective in an enzyme involved in starch synthesis.
Hedley et al (2002) Starch/Stärke 54 235–242
WT r rb rug3 rug4 rug5 lam
Starch: genetic variationconsequence for fibre
progeny of the cross: JI281 x JI399
Rb
rb
Domoney & Charlton pers. comm.
Sucrose
Raf
finos
e
sucrose
raffinose
stachyoseetc.
- flatus
+ prebiotic claimed control of Clostridium, Salmonella& colon tumors (in rats)
Guillon & Champ (2002) Brit. J. Nutr. 88 S293-S306
Raffino-oligosaccharides: RFOsα-galactosides
Starch: genetic variationit is not only starch that has changedso has the protein profile.
70kD
50kD
40kD
20kD
rrbr/rb
R/R
b
Vicilin
Legumin
VicilinLegumin
Casey et al. (2001) Nahrung/Food 45 385-387
20
40
rrbr/rb
R/R
brrbr/rb
R/R
b
mg/g
Segregation of NMR peak intensity
20 RILs from JI281 x JI399
Metabolite profilingGenetic mapping of determinants of NMR spectral differences
Charlton, Domoney et al pers. comm.
NMR peak index (7.92 – 8.03 ppm)
QDiPS
PCGINPulse Crop Genetic Improvement Network
Thanks to:Julie HoferClaire DomoneyAdrian Charlton
Two views
http://www.21food.com/
‘Peas have great diversity’George Orwell, The Road to Wigan Pier