... ,LCONCORD, Wednes day.pecembe< 10, 1986

an ••e,gregtOI.JI ,.....ulr" to

humanity.'" SOYINKA "To C'Quate Nelson Mel"ld~la

Continved from P4'J• I to the arch criminal Rud~f thn A.ft,can con11nent. H..,. ls a macabre impro...,...

He s.atd ,.cam constituted moni on the auitude of regar• the orutest fflrNt to g~I ding him u sub human," he po.aca adding TNt JU inhumtn itdded. •11'0<11 should no, a,., elk>wod While p,aising the black to p,un.ue our twentieth ,acc.s· cai>,Kitv to fo,giYe. century co~ into the Professor SoY'nk• noted that twenrv•Nr>1, wnich he dubbed the destro~rs of black herii.Qe the ··svmbohc com,ng-of-age." and civili.ation wefe ~ng·

In a ve,I tti«ence to the honoured by African, . -c&.p-uao • rovrnents of the regardless of their pillaging o1 1polog1s1s of apartheid. the continent'• arts, -culture

\.,otably U,..tt-d Sta.tes and and religion.

THE WEST AFRICAN PICTURES CO. LTD . .

· . CINEMA .

WBlNESOAY, 10lli DECEMBER 1980

SUPER SURULERE: 3, 6 & 9 p.m. "LOVE CLINIC" lUl A ntll'N interestino film. N 1. so·.

CASINO YABA: 8.00 p.m. Bnu,n. P,ofeuor soy;,,u He noted with sense of pride de,:,k>ted 1h4 cootent.K>ns that that African ,,.dons which had p,o&.c.te:s wtM<.n we-t"c worltabMt experienced rhe agony of wars hw d&aihng """''n \e$s sensitive of liberation. and their peep~ a11u.hons tn f)tf'l,t,f' parts of the paid th• supreme pfice_ sriU liv~ QfObe cou~ no, WOt1t VI 1he side by side tQdaY wnh their •~rtholl!,,d ..,.,.....:.I",.. recent enslavetS. to the extent

· llJl Pn exciting lndi'!" film.

tff d~_., OW so-caned of even sharing the C:O(\trol of moral su,"°'"'.,.nt put up by the their destiny w ith the Bri tish 1--..a~w. Margret cotonr'Sers. Th.atchef. an "~ unctH>n This - Afrw:Jln capacity to -onst OQOr<r....S Soulh Africa. fo,viv<!, he said, was a dintct ··o, ...._.. ~ ... say of oppasite of .-a Europaan ~ ..._ fair whom nations whose past cotonia_l economic s.anc:zioiN which eltperience domiNted thew won: ~ .., Eastern culture. social and political Europe.an r;rAll'-:r:!T _. not WOR sphern of life. -;n rf,e ~ ....,_ of "I hove visited ouch nations Soum ,AJn,:a, .,.., "'"""" of whose ~ruel histories undot · MtncW"IIC:a """"c mk.es to the domination are enshrined as ....ortd"' s _,....,......,. to sing. • • ._, icoN to daily consciousness in Poland bf'"° ::a.:,:: tums off his monument, parks, in museums hUf'ln9. aad arwen the ~td and churches, • in J,hOutS;' Lei: ~.a be,I documentation, woodcuts and .. But ~ '7:. ..these world photogravures displayed under ..-s ct _.,. - calk and. buUet - p,oof glass c ....... he m u 1c;p,4c rnr..ral1tiea. •• ho u.d. ~ Unlike· these Europoa!'1

The ~ advinced states. he &aid, many African by d"le QClaC ~ of South countries as ·•proofs of Africa 'W v.. continued accommodation/' stilt re:ainect inc.a,~ of N•son streets. siatote and omer ~ - wnc::r was lill::ened to ~•symbol.s or $ubjugation·· oi ow ~ ~ · 1hat the aOied the ersnvhile colonial lords a:. ~ ~ to hold dtteoration. having r-!l~ga.ted I ~ ~ -"llrnES oescnbt:d by the vestig:n of the wd coloni:., I

Protl!::MiltJI' ~Q AS .. ain e,i:"perience ro the ba,(:kdrop. ~ ac;-""r..3 w the love of Proiessor Soyinka "iewe~ the"~ zr, ev"e:yone·· and Continu-J:J impaiJ& 16

Nl.00.

~ EBUTE METTA: 7 & 9 p.m. "SEX . TACY" . (UI A .._actionfilm. N1 .00.

CORONA LAGOS: i & 9 p.m. "OJU ORO" lUl A ..,.,.. faseiNting Yoruba, film. NS.00.

ROY.-&. lAGOS: 7 & 9 p.m. (U, AM:her action packed film.N1.00.

IE( SAGAMU: ·7 & 9 p.m. A new e,cplcsive action film. N!.00.

aueBIJ'S IIIADAH: 7 & 9 p.m. "Kl!IIARA" IUI AnotlMt ._ thrilling film. N1 .00.

AEX ONDO: 7' & 9 p.m . "SNAKE GIRL" A new action u-,;mng film. N1 .00.

LASHOR.E: t, Miss Funke l..as!:oro, he r.:,fonh wish to be J<nown and c,,lled Mrs. O!ufuike F. Adenuga, Fon;ne,. Cocu;r.er,ts remain validt

SM8, SMC lsolo/Oshodl ~ka not&

OlADIME.JJ: I, iorrnetly ""'-1 'ailed and addreaaed • M u Folilat Aina QJadimeji now wis/1 to be callod and addra;ilaed as Mra . Falilat Aina "'"'*> the .doc-ts bea<ing ITT'( former name remain valid~ Toeming Sl!Nice Commis­sion Ondo State to take note.

Al()NOI.A: I, lormerty known • Miu lyebode BHirat' Alcirda now wish to be called Mrs. Jyabode Basirot Opelo, y111U All former documents r"""*" v1lid. ()gun Oshun Ai- Basin. Rural Develop­nwtt Authority Abeoi<uta not&

A.IA\11: l, lonnerty called Miu &v. Adanike Alayi wiah tQ. be la-own anc1 · ec1druNd aa Mrs. Esth•r . Adenike Adefami: Former doc""*1ts. r"""'" vojid. lhe public note.

ADBIAYO: I, fonnerfy Mlsa -.rri Adebayo w ish to be l<rown as Mrs. ~anmi. Ayorinc)e. Fonner documents remoin valid. Department of. Esut>li,m,ents and Training Aboa<utancte.

.AOEWeM!f:10: I , . fllrmerly. Mias 'l't-:t,T6a11.. AjOU Adewe­mimo w ish to be knoWn as Mts. Muibaw Ajoke Ahmed. ~ documents remain -----------.------~ ------------------,

eof,1-PUTERS (NiGJ LTD.

CC.TVIPUTER COURSES ...-= ~om f-rcm pros~tin· candidales wjslting tu - -=111 in the followins pofcssiooal fields:

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:z.. c::::DMPUTDt PROGRAMMING & OPERATIONS ~ to Loltdo11 City 4 Guilds Cnt(J".i:ate 419.

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~ ~NJCS SEJt\1ClNG l<adlna to Loudon =-, 4t Guildl C<rtilicat ..

L ~ OF ELECI1Ucrt'Y/D.ECJ11()NJCS ~OLOGY "*1illt to Londo,, C/1]' 4 Gui/dt ~ .

::....=:::-= ..,bld, arc coad.aecs by IJlt..-tiooally ,._;.,_ _ le and aa4anicians arc on part time and full .,_ -. H.,... accommodadon 11 ov&llable on first _.-::nmoen•buil.

?,,-~ ckwb, pla,e call pcnon&lly witb N20 D&lra ~ ,.,,-,:ourn,dJi._ "'1miaiocl form and proop«:t\11 to:

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POSITIONS: i. S~cretary/Typlst · .. w ith Acco•rnting ex-

perience; ii. Audlt Cleri<s;

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Suitably qualified cand;dates should apply to:

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NIGERIA GOLD & SILVER SMITH ASSOCIATION

PUBLIC NOTICE · This 1110 Jnfom, 11W C- publlc that NJGBIIA GOLD & SILVER SMITH ASSOCIATION hae ai,pl',ed for~ undar the Land I~ Sucaaionl Act Cap• t..- of the ;:.deral Republ'IC of N~ 11NT1t1 _ _,_

111 Chi.f 9 ,0. 0motoeho 121 Chi.t....,.. . 131 Mr. M .A. Adariblgt,e (41 "'"· a. o_.-,. Ill Mr.J.~ (11 AlhllJI 0......,. m AJt.llTiemJvv

Arr, objection to the ~ llhouid be f..-ded 111, n.. ,..,_, :s.cnttwy, naenl Mlttlstrf ot ,,,,_ ,.., Aff•in.. lkeyl. -.In 21 davw of publlutlon.

A8DUI.A1 01.AYJNKA NAT. GEN. SECRE'TARY.

valid. ()gun . State Health Boerd,note.

OSAGHALE: I, fonne rfy Mr. ..len'a Oris Oaaghale w;s1, to be l<nown and called Mr. Josiah Osaghale Abhulimhen. H)tTT'8" documents remain vaUd l\ligerian Air Force .and general ptJbloe to please take note.

AYANlADE I, rotmerty known as Ibrahim Ayanl.ada:. henceforth wish to be knownt and cali.ct·1b11him Ayantunda. Former documents remain valid. Prima People Magazine should take not"'- ·

BIILE Sl\JOY

S1\lOY Toto Bible !fVe,Y ToursdaY at 6. Mojokodunrni s-., (Aat 21. Off &ediku Str-. 11.....ia. , Muahln. 'firm 6.301>-m.

succe;s PA TI1W A Y ~

S1\JDY Norw Mathods ju1t. diSCDJef'ed for Success in E.u,rinations Prosperity and all you, lllde<iakings. For detlils -ite. AfOT Boa 7918. lkeja Lagoo.

SPONSORSHIP

STUOEHTS Wtlling to furtMt Education on Fashion Des;g,,. ing. Shipping, Mllfl<eting etc:.· sho<Ad call or sand stamped­envelope to: sanwdim. 11 CanwTutity Roed. Akoluo -, Y ..... J,_,..

i EDUCATIONAL -, .____ - -- -· TORIA Institute of Profea" lional Education for WASCJ­GCE. JAMB and Profnaional eou.-lfarms (NlOCASHI Obtainable Evening. 33, Vlmola S-. Ojota. Box· 1391,looja.....,._ ... ...

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WANTED URGENT\.Y CON=IOE'NT1Al Secreuiry and 1yp1st urgentty requme:a bv • Ann ot . Insurance &olun .. The candidate muot be of pleeling personality 'Mth .abil ity to corrvnunicate "uentfy in 51>0kon English, while previou• Working Experience o n Electric· Typewriter, woutd be an added acfVantage. Application should be handdeliv.ered in

Poge 13

canddate·s own hand writing tOgelher with relevant c.rtifi. cates ~ non-return~• a,py of current Passport size Photognll)ll to: Co1nc ,_.,. ,.,.. Bn>lten, !i7 Al-, A_... f1st floor), lke)o Tool: No. 961668.

DOCTORS WANTED

OUAUFIED Ooctors Wanted with irrrnediate appofntrnent. Apply• with Credentials. ~ Hospital and Mote,­my Home. 13, Agunblade S-..S..Orulere.'01fT•i_,.., s..... .

WANTED .URGENTLY Expefienced Male/Female

Coon and Nanny. Apply without delay t o : Twine Nur••tY and Primary School. 211. 0100ml -St., Muohln Lagoo.

LARGE Quantities al the following .1. V -fluids ore; aveilable ot liTst . tie< prices. (retails a"d whotesa,4-est. 1. 5% OedrOSe in water ¥A1h

giving ..,,. 2. 5% OeJCtrose N/ aaline with g iving 1et . 3. No,mol Aaline with g ivin.9

set. 4. Oanow's tuK stre:r\Qth. 5. o e,nro.. 4.3'!1. in 0.18 . saline w ith giving s et . 6. a-·· half s trenglh. 7. Dextrose 10% wate,. TM Adv.nia•r. 9 . Buraimoh Slrffl, Obanlkoro,. Off lkorodu .Road, Lagoa. Tel: 91161M. : · !·.' (24Hou,.I

A Young Limited Uabrn rv Corr4,er,y baud in llorin: requir• N2O ,0O·o for irmwdiete investment any - individual or bocjy can lrMta ~ for discussi0n ~ would :be treated confidential to: P.O. llox 1007 Dorin KW1N'II Stata.

' EOUCATION J:.L " -

BlUCATIOHAl. l.l

A& .Lectu""' available BY• MAI.. for GCE O/L and AIL Economics. Commerce. Govemmont. BK, ·Engl ish, Accounts, Methemetlcs. Wrilll: -Poat Graduata Tuton, 9. Jlo\..-n SlrNt. Muohin. lagaa. EncfON OUfflP•

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, , • t: I I ' •. • ' ~ • • I , ~ t •

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..

YOL.7 NO. 2020 WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 10. 1986 RABI-Al-TI-IANI 8. 1407 A.H. 50 KOSO

SOYINKA Contil1ued from µ,aqe 1 3

the con11nued rerent10n of the study of worits of earlier philosophe<s such as F,obenK>Us, Hume. Hegel. o,r

MonlesQu1eu as the gl01ification of the sad past, for he contended that the philosophers were racists as wel&.

Delving into history, Prc!es.:.or !;uyinka noted that African world had concrete impacts on the racists· forebearers which even created tnbutanes among the white indigenes i" their • own nomelands.

Substantiating h is

conten11on, !he N~ aw,a winner satd precolof,~ A.fr .. did not anet'l"?l "1t anvnme their exrstence to go to ¥w

w 1fh another ovH the is.sue thelf religion.

''That tS, at no time did 1t black race auempt to sobjuga or 101c1bly convert oU'letS w,: any hohe, - than - th(' evangehsing zeal. Econorr, aod paf1tieal mou..,e. yes. B not religion, .. he contended.

Today's p,csentation Professor Soyinka wiU ~ w itnessed live by mar. em,nent Nigenans. Tnciudir IOfmer gOYetnor of Oyo Star Chief Bola lge, and Conco. Press ch.Hrman and ch,, executive. Chief M . K.C Abiola.

A N22 million grant has bean made to the,

University Teaching Hoopi­tat, lbodan by the Federal Go,,omment.

N22m grant for ·UGH Professor Oshuntokun. a

past to cope w ith moderr technological advances in mecic:a care 'because of .sllcJttag& of laciliti ...

Ths is to enable the t-olptal fulfill its new role as 1h11 national centre for neuro xiences. · Aocotding to the Chief Medcat Director of the 1-ospit.af, Professor B.O. O,,,..,tokun. the fund will be -,t on the projects alreody specified in ~ lUCHI proposals to the govarvnent.

In a 'statement issued in

FromAUU

MOHAMMED. Ibadan

Ibadan yesterday;· the chief meocal officer uid that the designatlon of the . Lnver-sit¥ College Hospital • 1he national centre for neuro sciences.. is the fulfil~t of what ho described aa .. a dream and ·desire, cherished and nourished fo,, more than a decade."

....-o scientist. explained JN< while the emphasis would be on promoting the hoapit.af as a caotre of e:xc&leoce in neu r o x:il xes. it would be ~bfe to do so without i,-oving the available faci- . lities in other d isciP'ines. especially the medical labonnOt'( ~partment. • He dectied the present oondtion ol the hospital oquipment. stressing that it had been impossible in tho

~igt,ting some of the p-ojects invo(ved in the first p/\838 of the proposed transformation of the teach­ing hospital, Protes·sor Osh1V1tokun listed the pOVision of power and waur supply, the relurt,; ­sHng and occupation of the empty 320-bed wing ~eted in 1977. and the ~et:ion ol theatre block ~ex c,nd sewage tre.t~ ment plants.

Kwara embarks . on immuriiZation

.,-·j KWARA State lon:a committee l:Onsisting o~peopktlivingnearand I 1 has launched oxpem has been set up for the around p1ac .. near the affect- Froq,PAUL ALADE. Ronn

MIIJnurnoon 1$ lncnuing in rnMY Ct'tUl'lirin ber:.u311 of • • purpose of co-ordinating and ed states •

.,fumnmt_policiowhichgovemm~tsl-11adoprttdorbeing a mass 1mmun1za- monitoring all the activities r================~====.r==== foroodto«JopttOCO/Hwirh«onomiCf'ff:IIS.Sion.Apen'odof tiOn programmeaS, ,lined up to prevent the OUt• ~@[~~@[ ~ ausrzrity, i tis.said,lsnecessarytotw:;ton,economicgrowth. a pre-emptive ~;:~ _Qf - diseasa in

the Q) . ~ Q) A,,guif'Q VIM thtt poorest familia should bt, p(Ot«tttd from cut·· \.JI b«:ks which depn'vtt IMm of n«,,s.sio·es, UNICEF ha.s this measure against - Alr.,.dy, she d'l5Closed three

h d f immunization te1ms had been message for the world's political and financial leaders:- "How t e Sp rea O despatched 10 Qkehi, Okene many of u.s would accept rising malnutri tion among our own yellow fever. and Kogi Local Government childnn on lht! grounds rhat it w;y help to 1esto,e economic area which, she daimed. were growth so that, in live o, 10 years~ nutritional ltN~s can 1etu,n The immUnization CO- border areas with Benue and to normal/ If our pttl3on11I answers to this question 11r• so cleat.' vered people living arou- Cross Rr/er States whe,o can ~ not work togethe1 in an urgent search for altemativ~s. nd the state borders ~ ith yellow fever outbreak had been intemation1flyandnarionally?' yellow fever-ravaged Sta· reponed.

UNICEF Mrs. Oveviola said that ano-

By OLA ADEBAN"O

UNITED Nations. Childr~n·s Fund (UNICEFI. d•l¼;h:ed

with the success of two of ns prooramm,s. h as w~r~ of a new danger to children all over ! hP. .vc.~1rt.

W8 r n S te:;iefing newsmen in Borin ther team would be leaving lor

Nigeria and beyond. UNICEF hoped chat this

anrw,e,5arv would serve a! a milestone to a new era of .

yesterday, the stah? Commis- Borgu local Government area sioner for Healtti. Mrs. Vero-- immediately_wt--1le act ive immu­n ica Oyevt0la expiaincd that nization was also scheduled ro althougn no !i.1r.~1e <.onfirmed case of t~~ o~eu1v ms.ease nad

st3n i:t llorin yesterday. She c!i:iclosed thJt 1he vulne-c 1oser c 0Hab ota11on betwe~,,

1t ind memhP.r govornl'Y'Hmts . h~en 1P.l)')11ed in 1t,e state. the ,ab le segments ot the public to

in \ho,r d1.nerrn1r1a11o n to reac h }: good nows n,ust be m.>in1a1ncd ~~nc~~;e5~~~~~~:~~ri;~~~::z:~ thr. unroact1ed t:h1ldren o f u, .. ! throu~h prc~·~nuv• measurt:S. ., world. \> $he (11!CIOS(ld thdt a task wo,~ en and :rr1 11e1lers,

·as ~.;:t~~;;,~~::S :~e':~~N~~ ~~~~\c~».'t~~ r.e:r ,J,,~.c ribP.d ttte new kill P., o f cr.tlcfrtif't, infection and undfH• r,ut,ui,;n, ;,~ a " s ilr.nt r.m~«CJen­c·v·· bccaute it cannot :Jo cao­t urP.<t ,,,, tt-te·1en:1 o f i1 camera an<J pubh~hed worlowtda as a sou, ,o actton.

The orqan1,ahon •"1'11culJtcs all tno concern it has for 1he new trend in a repon t itled: " The state o f the world's child· ren. 1~87."'

The rto0rt w ill be launcned in l.a'lOS tu rno rrow. oy tnel w,lc :'I I rne president ~ rs . Marv am R.:11:>an91r1a.

Acco,mng to a p r e$s I s ta1ument issued vesteroay t h e anniversary will provide a un,qu., Oppor1un11y to µav"ie ~ reflect on the futurd or·1

·n 1lhon s o f h1 ld ren ,n .

FG to revoke licences of erring foreign airlines e-,

OOSCO IKEAXANAM

I ICENCES of tore,gn airlines l...ih3t refuse ro sell ti cke1s 1n

N;:,,a ore ro be revoked . T1J1sport and Av1auon

MinistOC'. Brigadier Jcrrv L/sen. said yesterday thilt the Ff?'de,,al Government would also cancel i ts bt l<uc,al aaree­rr$'ll w1lh such airlines .

He told Journalis ts in Lagos that the Fcde,a l Governm~nr w ould not cond o ne any viola­ltOn o1 i ts recent d1tac 111,1e t o !he airlines 10 sell lheu t1cke1s in k>cal curt ency.

He said lh8t a nv aul:ne th.it wiJS not re;:,t::y to se ll us tiC~tH 1n NJHa s nould s rop ooerat1ons 1n the country. ·· 11 theV don' t want to respect our law they are free to go,·· hes.>td.

Bngadter U~ttn i w ,.s at Don.in 8;.irracks to a tlcnd a l'T"Cebnq c,f t he m1nis1enat b•Joget stit-i'3•on. He cxpl,1ined that the Federal Gove,nment gave the ducctrves 10 the .,,r. Imes to sell their ttck.ecs ,n lcc.:il r.uuency to prevenr d4scnm1na1,on aua1nst !he

t'!a•ra. He noted ttiat foreign •m·

hnL~ came to tt'le country when the economv was buoyant adding th3 t they should also be able to co· 0~1a,e during th~ curre nt d.iH10.11t 1,me. " 1 here must be the somt o f 9,vo rtnd take." he satd.

Bngadier Useni al so said t h..,t the Fe<1e1al Governmen1 would et"ICOUrag e private a u • hnes t o c l"H:1t>l e tnttm to compttt e w11 t-, N,geria

,\.""•'VS,

CLASSIFIED ADS

961236 MORE THAi'J

JUST A

ITS A DIRECT

LINE TO

==-=J ... , .~,. h"' u,,. Cnn,cnrr1 p, .. .,, of N•qe u 8 I t""i t,uf, '-onco,'4 H<>use , 42 C" •• f"lr,1,c1 \N• -.· n ff it• · • ',la M,,h,-n,rn,el'J Airport Y t• 'iO• 4.t11,t!J Uc-• • .. .. , ... ohon• 9010 10 · 19.

;,1or • .::..1y, '.)ec:e:mbu 22, 1986 Tr.MES I8TER."IAT!ONAL ----------------··--------,

Arts '

· -·-- ---·----- - -- ·-----·-- ------- ----- -------------- ----·····-·-··--·--

[i" was a season, not of 'Anomy', q irnt o f triumph last week in Stuck­

, "'l:oLrn, Sweden, when a 'lion' recei­r ved a 'jewel' in, as it were, a literary

ha!Yest_ The occasion may well have ' been a 'Kongi's Harvest' :is the 1986

Nobel orize laureate, Professor Olu­wole t'l:~inwande Soyinka was formally :::resented th~ insuurpent of the ~ovetious aw·ud by- the Swedish Aca· rt.::my, thus making histoiy as th~ first .Afri~. indeed blackrr.an to wm the honour in the past ~'.2 years of che Nobel award .

Clad in lili Yoruba tr-ditional attire ' (:iso-0ke), ?.rofessor Soyinka received

th? ep,oc.¾.-making award.amid.st ch~rs and to the a.:hniration of Hie about 1,700 white-<lomina~d audience in the City Hall of Stockholm.

Presennng Profossor Soy'.nka's work to the heterogenous aucEence, Professor Lars Gyllensten, Ch.ai."111an of the Nobei Cormnittee for Llterati:!.re highlighted some of the vi tal points noted in the works of Soyin.l(a by the awarding committee of r.h e literatur~ prize. "·Toe way in which Soyinh makes use of the (African) mythical material and me literary schooling is ver/ in dependent. He (Soyink:l) says he uses the myths as 'the aesthe­tic matrix for his writing_ lt is thus no question cf folkloristic reproduction, a kind of exoticum, but an independent and CO-Operative work. The myths, .traditions and rites are integrated as nourishment for his writing, not a ·masquc:rade costume", he said.

. Professor Gyllensten also compli­mented Soyinka's poems whose imagery he · said was compact and rather hard to penetrate . "It takes time to know the poems intimately" he said, "but when known, they could ·be moving testimony to courage and artistry strength".

It was a literary observation of Pro­fessor Gyllensten too, that "although it is chiefly the dramas that stand out as Woll! Soyinka's most significant achievement, his plays nonetheless, are important fascinating literary works whlch are fruits of Soyinka's richly endowed imagination and a culture

- ----

obscure as h as been generally acclaim­ed. According to the Swedish Aca­demy Chief, some of Soyinka's books "in particular his essays are difficult to read especially for the o rdinary man".

Earlier in his 32-page acceptance speech dedicated to Mr. Nelson Man-

! >.-..,. deb-,.-.-P::cfes:-..ct Sovicl<:::-. b:i:etl 1:.is .. L.::::;:::::;;;;:;:;: - . :-, angered . mind ag~st . "tha inhum;n :-

. ·-~~1 apartheid system in South / ,frica, l ·~-··. ·: ;_- powerfully and with all resentment t q !

· _ · the Stockholm-City Hall audience . .-:- . Through the Engl.lshman's language, ·_ ' · he described apartheid vividly as a

----~' child of those centuries of lies, distor-

* Wala Soyinka in an acceptance address.

with a welath of artistically inspiring traditions".

Most African writers , indeed writers across the globe have always tended to use literature in all its genres as .a meiiium to react, criticise or correct ills in their immediate societies. Albeit, this instinct may be natural and per­haps nationalistics, it could as well 2.mount to regional.ism in literary

tion and opportunism in high pla~es ! even among the holy of holies of in tel- i lectual objectivity". i

Toe Nobel laureate dismissed the 1 racial thinking of the Western world i· that intellectual knowledge was an i .v<clusive preserve of the whites, and 1 challenged the world to face the actual ! realities of intellectual.ism. In every ; field he said, "both in the humanities l

I

! terms.

and sciences we have seen that human ; creativity has con frc:5nted and tern- I pbred the hostility of his environms.nt i

adapting, moderating, r.onverting and i sµbjugating". I

,,_ I

Professor Soyinka, in all his literary contributions has always stood out among the very few existentialist writers in Africa ancl the world at large, whose works have often tilted towards universality . Soyinka writes for the good of man as a generic term and not only for Nigerians or African$. This fact was also complimented in Stockholm by Professor Gyllensten when he said Soyinka was a man "who has a wide cultural perspective and with poetic overtones, fashions the drama of existence".

Although the Swedish · Academy through its chief, Professor Sture Allen expressed profound appreciation for all Soyinka's works including his poems, two of his plays were rated as most outstanding and interesting, viz "A Dance of the Forest and Death" and "The King' s Horseman".

Professor Allen who described Soyinka's choice for the No bel prize as "splendid" also conceded the fact that the Nobel laureate' s works are

Professor Soyinka described the i end of racism as the most petVasive of 1 those imperatives that challenge "ou~ ! being, our presence- an~ human defini- ! tion". He said that "every act of racial ! ·terror, with its vastly increasing so phis- l tication of style and escalation in ! h uman loss, is itself an acknowledge- : ment of improved knowledge and j respect for the potential of what is I feared; an acknowledgement of the ; sharpening tempo of triumph by the : victimised". l

Although Professor Soyinka says ·he i personally finds sanctions "morally ' repugnant" he called for an tlrgent and to the obnoxious regime in South Africa. Says he, "by any name, be it iot,11 sanction,.boycott, 11isi:westment I or wha~ver, sever this unblic:11 cord I and leave this monster· of a birth to I atrophy :ind die". I

Maurice -~~r J 31 ).:;

..,.... .. .. ~ ~~=......J??!l?-~~~~-~~~!.~yr-i~~~-'-.,""" L LAL.:•·~~}-, ' 'l't,l.-..~,.x~--"l~...c..-... 1,:...::,_:,·

...... . ! . . . . .. -· · - . ' ·.. -~·"· - . · - ·.- . · ~ :· .• -. - · ·· • •. '· ... . : c- "'. -~·- _~ , . ~- . . . . .

• • ,; .. : • t • : I • • • • • • • • • • , •• ,• • ~ ,.... • •

LITTERATURE L'attribution du Nobel a Wole Soyinka a souleve une meme clameur de joie dans le coour des Africains et de la diaspora noire. Tous sont unanimes a reconnaitre le talent de romancier nigerian et son travail de creation

L'HOMMAGE ET LA JOIE DE TOUT UN CONTINENT

Bernard Magnier Journaliste-ecrivain

Nous sommes quelques-uns a avoir lu Soyinka avant qu 'il ne soit prix Nobel. Nous etions trop peu nombreux encore, ce qui fait que cette distinction ne change rien pour ceux qui l'appreciaient, l'apprecient toujours avec ou sans prix Nobel. En revanche, sa nomination peut changer beaucoup de choses pour Jes ecrivains africains d'une maniere gene­rale parce que, comme dans beaucoup de choses, ll faut des locomotives. Le terme est peut-etre ~alvaude OU pejoratif mais je crois que c est un peu <;a . Pour une fois, on va parler de la litterature africaine et ce ne sera pas derriere le prisme du tiers monde, de la famine , d'une guerre ou d'un coup d'Etat. Je pense gue c'est une excellente chose. Le prix decerne a Soyinka est tout a fait bien venu. II va montrer a la litterature africaine qu'elle n'est plus seulc, ce qui est important. Beaucoup de gens sont convaincus mais beaucoup d'autres gens ne le sont pas, <;a me sernbl'e important qu'ils le soient assez rapidernent. II faudrait gu 'ii y ait beaucoup de prix Nobel afncains. Quand on prend la liste des Nobel on s'aperc;oit que c'est un choi_x tres o_cci9ental. C'est tr~s bien que Soymka so1t elu. II faut qu '1l y en ait d'autres car en Afrique !es ecrivains de valeur ne manquent pas. J'apprecie chez lui sa parfaite adequation entre son itineraire d'hornme et sa carriere d'ecri­vain: C'est_ relativement rare; J'_apprecie auss1 le fa1t que ce so1t un_ ecnvam qui raconte et utilise son itineraire personnel face a des livres autobiographiques. sans pou! cela ton:iber dans l' anecdotique. Soyinka a tou1ours une hauteur de vue ~UI le met a l'abri completernent de I anecdotique et du quotid1en banal.

Lobe Ewane Journaliste camerounais

Le prix Nobel rcpresente un grand espoir pour to_us_ lcs ccrivains africains lesquels sont sencralcment marginalises. Sur_rout lcs _c::cnvams fran_cophoncs. Jc cro1s que c est _la . prc::m 1c: rc fois da ns l'histo1re de la l)ttcrature 9u'on recon­n:ut le talent. d un c::cnvain africain ii )'echc::_lk mon<l1alc:: . ~ous dcvons nous c:n rejou1r. Soyinka mcnte trcs largcmcnt

62 .i

1

-y I

fERATURE ..: prix et je pcnse qu'il y e~ a _d'autres1

commc ra dit Soy111ka lu_1-1~1c~e, qui auraicnt pu meritcr cette d1stmct1on. J'appricie chez cet a~teur la fac;on do~t ]ui-memc st! determine dans ce qu ti ecrit. II aborde dans ses livres l~s problcmes qui touchent tous le~ Afn­cains.-la libcrte , !es rapports d~s c1toyens ct du pouvoir politique. Son hvr~ <~ Cet homme est mort » est une experience personnelle. II nous . interp~lle sur la situation des gens qui croup!ssent dan~ !es prisons. t 'est un temo1gnage qui nous concerne tous. Soyinka traite aus~1 des problemes simples tels que !es tradi­tions. ll brosse avec humour un tableau tres riche sur Jes rapport~ _entre !es jeuncs et Jes vicux. la duahte entre la sagesse et l'intelligenc~. . . Wole Sovinka a une ecnture dense q~1 plonge ses racines dans la culture afn­caine ou on retrouve la for~e des r:nots, des images, des myt~olog1es_ eJ ti l~s combine avec un angla1s ac?demtque , JC dirai meme d'une perfect10~ a~sol,ue. Cet ecrivain est un melange reuss1. C est sans aucun doute l'un des plus grands noms de la litterature universelle.

PaulDakeyo Poete camerounais

Le prix Nobel de )a l~tterature. est interessant pour celut qut le rec;o1t et pour la maison d'edition parce que c'e~t un couronnement. C'est la premiere fots qu'un Africain est honore. Je pense que c'est une grande joie pour tout le continent. Wole Soyinka est un gran~ ecrivain qui a des engagements, qm s'assume et qui assume sa terre . . n a ete en prison en raison de ses prises de position par rapport a la guerre du Biafra. Pour nous, c'est un couronne­ment par rapp~rt_ aux Droits de l'h~mme qui sont quot1d1ennement bafoues en Afrique. Le probleme ce n'est pas la quantite. mais la qualite_. II ne fau! pas que c;a s'arrete a la rem1se d'un pnx. II faut que les ouvrages, !es siens, comme ceux· d'autres ecrivains qui sont reconnus en Afrique et qui exp~iment ~ne geogra­phic, un peuple, s01ent mis da~s !es programmes scolaires parce que c est la seule fac;on, justernent, de donner une valeur et une charge au prix Nobel.

Daniel Maximin Ecrivain antillais

2 'est un grand ecrivai_n de la lib:rt~ q~i !St nomme . C'est auss1 un grand ecnvarn ;o ucieux de l'egalite entre Jes peuples. : ·est aussi un combattant de l'ecriture. I combat par le travail de creation sur le anga~e. les m~:>tS. le theatre ! le roman et 3 poesie. II demontre la pu1ssance de la ·reativite contre !es forces du ma! , du 1asse. Wale Soyinka a mis toute son criture de creativite au service de la berte de l'homme au-dela des Etats, es communautes, des ethnics, des cou­•urs des croyances et des races. C'est :es difficile a faire aujourd'hui. Aussi st-i i excmplaire a plus d'un titre. II est nportant que des institutions comme le

prix Nobel sachent reconnaitre la rcalite des richesses africaines. C'est auss1 1m-· portant pour !' Europe occidentale . parce qu'elle se rend compte que !es Afncams savent creer depuis tres longte1:1p_s.

Propos recuerlhs par MAMADOU TRAORE

E. Boundzeki-Dongala Ecrivain· congolais

C'etait en juin-juillet 1979, a Berlin. au premier, ." festival de~ W~ltk_ulr_ur~n ~ consacre a 1 Afnque noire au, ecnvam ~ peine connu je me suis retrouve parmt Jes celebrite; litteraires du continent. A man arrivee, ii y avait deja ~aban Lo Liyong, Mango Beti, Nuruddrn Farah , Lewis Nkosi , Dennis Brutus, Camara Laye etait arrive dans !e meme.~v_ion que moi. Evidemment des que J a1 eu le programme des festivites, j 'ai aussit6t cherche les deux grands i:ioms d~ la Jitterature riigeriane que JC tena1s a rencontrer, Chinua Achebe et Wale Soyinka. . . Achebe etait progra'?'?e pour le ?3 J~m, Soyinka pour le 1" J~tllet <:t ~01-~~m~ pour le 26 . jui!"} . Chu;ma eta1~ deJa la d'ailleurs lut qm fit le_ ~,scours d ouve_rr~­re . Soyinka aux dermeres nouvelles etatt perdu quelque part entre Lagos, Lon­dres et Berlin dans un probleme _de correspondances d'avion. II n'amva done que la veil_le de la ~oiree _o~ ii et~it

. programme, et_ 1~ repart1t aussttot apres. Mats quelle soiree ! · . , . II arriva done dans son boubou mgenan, barbu, !es yeux brillants et railleurs, .et se mit aussitot a lire un tres beau poeme, dans une langue qui m'a paru ~tonnam­ment limpide de sa part, poeme dans Ieguel le dieu Yoruba Ogun rencontre le ro1 Zoulou Chaka et taus !es deux partent pour la liberation de_ l'Afriq~e: Du mains est-ce le souvenir que J at garde de ce texte Ju en anglais, tra uit 1mmediatement en alleman~, t~xte do~t je n'ai pu retrouver la trace ecnte deputs sept ans que je le c~e:che. Ou ~!or~, est-ce un poeme imagme par ma m7m01-re ? Carce qui m'a toujours fra~p~ chez Soyinka, c'est cette constante refer~nce a ses origines ethniques - !es d1eu~ Yoruba, !es chants et !es danses qui emaillent son theatre - et cependant ces elements son t reinterpretes de fac;on moderne pour une Afrique mod~me pour atteindre !'universe!, co11_1me dira1t Senghor, son « rival » 9e touiours. II a tout simplement reuss1 ce _que nous, ecrivains africains, avons touJours voulu f~ire, :etourner Ies racines du passe vers I avemr. . . , Lars d'un recent sejour a l'umvers1te d'Ibadan . j 'ai lu et entendu beaucoup de critiques contre !'attitude intellectuelle de Soyinka. surtou!. de 1-?- part de_ mes amis marxistes : qu ii ava1t une attitude aristocratique voi~e ~essianiqu~ , d_e !'artiste . qu ii pensa1t qu en tant qu ecn: vain ii avait une verite, un message a transmettre et . coup de grace_, que_ c·_e tait un intellcctuel petit-bourgeo1s qui. mca-

t · r ... . ti .. . ,~ ¼ ·--!: \ . "'; .. (.

pable de comprendre le se~s du mouv_e­ment revolutlonnaire , s 1mpat1enta1L Bref,. qu'ignorant l'existe~ce de cl~sses sociales antagonistes, Soymka en fall ne rec.:Jamait ni plus ni moins qu'une demo­cratic bour 0 eoise, d ' ou la sous­estimation da;s toute son ceuvre du role du « peuple travailleur » et du '?anque d'inillative historique de ce dermcr ! Fausse(s) querelle(s) ? f'.1ux proces que nous intellectuels afncams a1mons sou­vent nous lancer a Ia face des uns et des autres ! Deja en 1979, je pensais que si l'Afri9ue noire recevait un prix Nobel de _htter?­ture avant la fin de la nouvelle decenme ce serait parmi le tierce Sen~hor, Ache­be Sovinka. Qu'est-ce qu on se sent bi;n lorsque, pour une fois, on a eu raison !

M. Kadima-Nzuji Poete zai'rois

La nouvelle de !'attribution du prix Nobel de litterature 1986 a Wole Soyinka ne m'a pas du tout_ surpris. }~ savais que depuis quatre ou cmq ans deJa son nom figurait en bonne place sur la Iiste des nobelisables et qu'il avait toutes !es chances de remporter ce prix un jour. D'autant qu'il est reellemen_t un · grand ecrivain et gue son tale~t e~t immense eJ multil,[e. Bten qu'on a1t mis du temps a le lut decerner, c'est a present chose faite, et c'est une tres bonne chose. Je vois dans !'attribution du Nobel de Iitterature a Soyinka, non pas_ tellem~nt la reconnaissance , sur le plan mternallo­nal des merites d'un homme et d'une pe~see, mais bien mieux ·1e resu!ta~ d'_un combat acharne , celui que les ecnvams africains de langues etrangeres ant tou­jours livre _po~r imposer Ieur parole ~t s'imposer a I at~ent_1on du mond~_. J ,Y vois une belle v1cto1re sur des preJuges tenaces qui ant ~01;1jour~ vo';llu que nos litteratures en dep1t de I honzon de sens qui est le le~r. demeurent des ~ependan­ces, des annexes, des provmces sans envergure des litteratures d 'Europe dans !es Iangues ~e _laquelle ell~s se ~ont toujours expnm~es, . et contmuen~. a !e faire. Et cette v1ctolfe sur !es preJuges est aussi une brillante demonstration de ce qu' une langue , meme d'emprunt, peut offrir a l'homme. pour pe_u . gu_e celui-ci ait du talent , comme poss1b1htcs d'expression. de communication et de realisation personnelle.

Propos recueillis par ALPHONSE NOZANGA-K

POT POURRI

THE MAN BEHIND SOYINKA'S NOBEL PRIZE?

NIGERIA, on behalf of Black Africa, has been celebraling the biggest literary victory to be bestowed on the once dark continent -Professor Wole Soyinka's $210,000 Nobel Prize for literature is the first awarded to any African wriler in 83 years.

As a token of his achievement, President Babangida conferred on Soyinka the highest honour of Nigeria - Commander of the Federal Republic - and said later in a personal congratulatory letter to Wole: "The news of the award brought immense personal joy and satisfaction not only to me, but also to every Nigerian, every African and every blackman in the world.

"You have never been contented with being purely a Man of letters, you have over the years come to represent the barometer of the social conscience of the nation."

All over Nigerian front pages, for days on end. there were big pictures of Wole Soyinka, smiling, being hugged, and giving interviews. "I feel very proud, very proud of being Nigerian, of the nation and my colleagues. I never dreamt of winning this award."

Rightly said! Because the award would surely not have come to him but for the efforts of one tiny Nigerian, Peter Juzzy Ezeh, who was forgolten in the distribution of praises, by the President, by the press, by Woie himself.

It was Peler Ezeh, one of New African 's Nigerian correspond11mts who went to Sweden in ,tanuary, 1986, then as a participanl of the EEC-sponsored Journalistes en Europe (JE) programme in Paris, to ask the Nobel Prize organisers why no African had ever won lhe 82-year-old annual literary prize.

Excuses were given and Peler's findings were published by the Europ. the official magazine of the Journalist's programme and Afncan Concord. the London-based Nigerian international weekly magazine.

Come Octooer 1986 and Prof Wole Soyinka. the "Man of Letters· for decades, became the very first African to win the award in 83 years1 Any co-incidence?

In Nigeria, there is a proverb which says "If a witch cried yestarday and a child dies today,

-

Wole Soyinka, winner of Africa's first Nobe~ Prize for Literature. Soyinka was made Commander of the Federal Republic, Nigeria's highest honour - but should some honour go to the journalist who prompted the Nobel Prize committee to look to Africa for their next winner?

everyone knows that the witch killed the child" .

Now Prof Henry Gayle of Cornell University in New York, one of the "owners" of the award, says Prof Soyinka was first nominated in 1981 because the Nobel Prize Nomination Committee had "strong convictions" he deserved the award.

"We firmly believed that" an African writer should win the prize in 1986", said Prof Gayte, "and we firmly and unanimously agreed that the first person of the African continent who deserved to be awarded the prize should be Wale Soyinka."

We feel that Peter Juzzy Ezeh needs to be made a Commander of the Federal Republic for being the first African journalist to bring the first Nobel Literary Award to Africa. But maybe President Babangida didn't know.

· Balfour Ankomoh

Peter Ezeh asked the Nobel Committee why no African had been given the literature prize.

Sc;\ving ~ki~s 1

FOR MANY years there have been no regulations governing the contents of cosmetics made in Kenya, despite disturbing evidence of the harmful effects of a wide range. of brand-name skin lightening creams. Now,. at last, it seems the Government has· taken action. In October the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KBS) set mandatory minimum standards for the manufacture of cosmetics.

There is a great deal of anger thc:t it has taken the Government so long to intervene, n was in 1983 that consultant dermatologist Dr Anzenze Makindu published the findings of six · years· research he had conducted with Government chemists. They found that six 1-1

brands ot popular skin lightening creams contained hydroquinine in quantities well above internationally .accepted levels. Three others, with lower levels of hydroquinine, contained the harmful mercury.

All the products were readily available in Kenya and were advertised on the state-owned television and radio, without any caution of the dangers. Newspapers and . cinemas also carried advertising tor these creams.

Dr Anzenze wrote to the KBS enclosing a copy of the report. By July 1986 he had still not received a reply and several politicians decided to take up the matter. David Okiki Amayo the outspoken Kenya African National Union (Kanu) chairman suggested Kenyan men should tell their partners: "Darling you are beautiful as you are. Please don't bleach your body. with cosmetics."

He argued that 1')1en should be concerned about what was happening to Kenyan women, and there is evidence that it is a matter of life and death. .

According to the Government-owned Kenya Times, a study by Professor Shem Wandinga and Isaac Ogangu at the Unlversity of Nairobi

, Chemistry department showed that mercury levels in hair samples of · people using skin-lightening creams were between two and 1,000 limes higher than those in people who did not use such creams. The report said "deaths in Kenya from mercury poisoning are known to have occurred. among unsophisti­cated users of toiletries".

In 1980 the then Minister for Health James Osogo told Parliament that a girl had died f at the Kenyatta National Hospital as a result of f mercury which had bleached her skin through 1 to her internal organs and damaged her kidneys.

Mercury absorbed into the body is believed by some scienlists to concentrate in the brain. causing oxidation which can dam;ige the central nervous system and the kidneys . .

Poisoning from skin lightening creams 1s usually indicated by a skin rash followed ~Y blistering and inflammation of the mouth and throat.

The new KBS regulations have banr.ed tre use of mercury as an active ingredient ,r. soap-based hair shampoo, synthetJc ce:er· gent-based hair shampoo, nail poilsh and skin-lightening creams. .,, ,,,,..

William Onyango f'vve, ·:r-

I

Culture and Society

LITERATURE ns well as serving as head of the drama dcpartmcnt in se,·eral Nigerian univer­sities. Hc has made films and a record. on which he sa ng his own songs. Asked what he would do if his writings-proved insuffi. cient in the fight against corruption and oppression. he has answered that another means would ha,·e to be found. No genre. no medium has proved to be beyond his tremendous talents.

First Novel

'"The Interpreters:· Soyinka's first novel , was published in 1965. The five young men of the title-an engineer. a journalist. a civil servant. a teacher and an artist-are returning from studies abroad to embark on their various careers. At their regular encounters in nieht-clubs and duri'iie different events in their lives. their preoccupations cencre on the direc­tion their newly independent country must take. Much of what they experience disillusions them and makes their choices more difficult: clarifying the proper attitude towards their historical and traJi­tional past further consumes their ener­gies. With them is a female companion whose background to a large extent re­sembles their own. The young woman.

On Apartheid "Theatre has 11e1w failed to address

itself to this. among otl1er affroms to lwmanity. Artists i11 111a11y parts of the world hm·e taken .Heps to pren!nr per­formanus of their works or ref11se 10

exhibit their skills in that part of the world where the stme denies the human­ity of the majority of its peoples. A few /w,·e chosen tlte111es from tire more notorious owrages co111111i11ed br the apart/rcicl regime. ·

"And . while_ the i11tensificarion of str11gxlc 1s ,111 1111er11al respomibi/it\' of rite vppn•ssec/ peu11les 1he111sef1·es,' the ollfsiclc world ci111not dcnv its 0 11'11

awan•11ess. ca1111or emde a ,i1ora/ parri­cip11tio11 . a 111,il'er.wl .1·te1 te111e11t o( so fid11-ritr. \Ve propn~C'. thac/iJre. ifrat tlris 1•e~r he muni(t'Stt'cl In· t/11:arre prcictitio11-ers 111/ Ul't'r the ll'Orlc/ as a _\'ear of \Vur(c/ T/11:arre Against rtpurt/11:ic/. Fro111 111crc pa.rsil'e ,rithc/rall'af ji'0/11 tfrm racist e111'i­ro11111e11t , /tfrey cn11lc// c/cilicme II por-111u1 of rfreir crcmil·iry tu 1110/,i/i:ing 1/rc moral a11·clf('ll<'SS o( their pc•oplt:s and gu1·,·r11111,:111s. aening a pcn11c111cnt /Jriclg,• oj enrpa1h.1· inti, tht> 1·iulatccl majority of thut comer of the world."

(March 1986)

Dehinwa. participates less in the discus­sions but has obviously made path-finding decisions the young men are not ye t ready for nor capable of taking.

A second novel. "'Season of Anomy,'' came out in 1973 following the civil war in Nigeria. The events of the secession of Biafra and the ensuing war. including Soyinka's imprisonment for nearly two years (of which he spent 18 months in solitary confinement). led to a group of works which could stand on their own: the no\'el . two volumes of poetry and a prison journal entitled "The Man Died ...

Soyinka's first volume of poetry. "Idanre and Other Poems:· appeared while he was in prison. In "'The Man Died.·· he tells. in a particularly mo,·ing way. of being brought this first book of poetry in jail. The volume was handed to him by the prison superintendent as he

WOL

wa~ being prepared to move to an un­known destination in the middle of the night. Already one attempt at .. accident­ly .. eliminating the writcr during just such a suJ<lcn ni!!ht visit had been made: th,: teminn was l iigh.

·--Gut cvcrvthi1H!? Oh. that\ right. Have \'OU bec;l !!iven vour hook'! '

"'\V°hat hook'!~ -·--1 l.iven·t thcy givcn you your bouk'.'

The honk vou wrote.' .. l k J ashcJ off. rcturni n!,! \\ith ;1 copy

of ldanrc:: . 1 had not seen tlllC till then. I turned it over in mv hanJ. Th.: rc wa~ I hi, hugt: prin t of m;.: name on th.: rrnnt. Mirarnlou~ly. l k it a sur!!e of upliftmcnt at this new-minted tan!!ihlc sl ice of mv ;nncr hcin!! ,,,.,".,.,.,, 111v·h ..... i-, I turned ;',

On Samora Machel

"Samora Machel. for me. is a casual­ty of the whole process of struggle. is a casualty like Nkomati was a casualty of· the Frontline states. I believe that the apartheid. regime and all those who support the apartheid regime are very foolish in thinking that continental struggle depends 0 11 individuals. We must learn to accept-as we've done also with people like the ANC leaders. even white radicals; liberals like Ruth First who was destroyed by a letter bomb -yes, we must accept casual1ies because this is war. ft is sad. bw we have had other casualties which have been svm- . bolic, not even personril, Samora Ma­chel was somebodv I admired a lot, with Agostinho Nero: the Frontline-stale fighters. As I said, the strttggle conti-111,cs. "

(October 1986)

' over. saw the photo on the back. I opened the pages . It fe ll open at the ·poem to my daughter.

··i asked the man. ·Why are you ·only giving me this now?· - .. H-e fluttered his hanJs. 'Oh. someone forgot to hand it to vou before. that's all. '

.::Where am I bei'ng taken'?· "'He stammered for an eternitv. Bv the

time he had gl)t round to lving to the limits of inaudibilit\' I had t~rn~d awav and was reading my· published poems. ·· ·

.. Season of Annmv" Jcscril:ies some of the horrors of civil w:ir at the same timc as pushing attempts to define a direction and identifv the means of attaininl! it much further than in the fi rst novel. Once a!!ain. a woman embodies the metaphor of s:ilva­tion. Sovinka has bcen criticized bv West­ern fem.inists for a lack of valid· kmalt: charactcrs. Such tbrnissal o f a woman like Dchinwa in .. Thc lntcrpn:tc::rs" and in other works can onl\' come from a mis­rcaJ ine of the intern.i i workings anJ s,·m-1:iolism-of the novel. lndccd. a~v rcaJc·r llf .. Ake" cannot Jeny the v..:ry gr~at import­ance nf the rule wonk'll pl;1y. as ack1ww­kdl!cd bv the author.

I°n 1Y73. while tcadiine in Britain . So\'· inka !!a\'t' a ~erie~ of lccturc~ whidl h~­camc -the book "\l\'th. Li tc ratur.: and the African World.·· Iii the~e ..-~~ays. he cx · amines African li terature tbo th Anl!· lnphon..- and Fr;1ne,iplw1w l a~ thc .:xpr/,. ~ion of thc "111\'th~. hi~torv .ind more~·· which make up· the Africa;l world in an :1rt,'!l11'T tn .. , .,.. ; f, .\ fr i1"'"' · . .. . • tnHll

',I .... ;- , ••

• • • • • •w - " - • • - - - ' ' • • I

. 1;;.;, . . . . -. ..., .

' "':. : .

Culture and Society

LITERATURE within. a necessary process. according l? the write r. of sclf-apprt!hension. Few wri­ters have shown such comprehensivt! kriowkdge of the deepest sources of thcir creat ive imal!ination or of the creat ive proct!ss itsel(

Sovinka's most recent volume of poet­ry .. :01.!un Abibiman:· is comro~c::d of (;nc lon-g epic poem inspired by the 1976 declaration made bv the newlv indepen­dent Mozambiqut: of a ,tate o·f war with its neighbouring Rhod, The poem is dedicated to "the dcad . 111.i 1he maimed of Sowcw:· In it. tht: great amaZulu warrior Sh aka . celebrated in history and poc:try throuchout the centuries. joins forces with Qgun. the Yoruba god of war and of creation. to lead the uprising of Ahihi­rnan. the great black na tion. Sigicli! Slrnka·s wur crv echoes across the land us all of southern Africa. historical. q1ythological and contemporary. rises up to join the fight.

Questioned about his h1i litant stands at a press conference in Paris following the Nohel Prize award. Soyinka responded. ··I always protest!" Indeed. the Nigerian writer (w_ho declared he was --over­whelmed .. hy the honour) has unceasingly fought against oppression and the ahuscs of power. Doubling as a journalist and editor. some of his most notable stands have been against e lection corruption in Nigeria. against the murderous regime of !di Amin in Uganda .. and against the ---most perfected-form !of racism! as an instru ment of state repression-apar­the id . ·· As he ad of the Ovo Road Warriors. Sovinka has led dav-to-dav ac­tion against t·hc deadlv drivinu condiiions in his - arc:a : as editor· of --Tran~ition:Ch · lndaha ... he was largely responsible for ~aving the life of Robert Se rumaga. the

On Electoral Fraud in Nigeria

.. Di.ffrcclirccl. re;ccu:cl. e,·en loarlu:d b_,. rhc majorir_r of Nigerians. rhe Nnrion­al Parry of Nigeria. buoyed by rhe image-building of irs leader Slwgari by tire Wesrern press-meek. 1111C1s.rn111i11g. derribalized, rhe grwra/1for of pcc,ce a11d s1abi/iry-we11r confide11rly ahead to commit rlre mosr brear/r1aki11g efrctoral fraud of an_,. 11ario11 in r/r e whole of Africa. Ar e11er_v le11el-from acrs of brwal ejectio11 of the opposition at rhe polling booth by ·taw-cnforcement' agencies ro rhe simplest b111 most daring motion of all. swapping tire Jig11res at the very point of a111101111cemc111-1he scale of rhe robbery 1Vas unprecedented.

"Nigerians are a polirica/ly sophisri­cated people: 1/rey are 1101 coment to accepr rravesries of democraric processes which 110 sane party in power in Brirain or the U11ited Stares wo11/d dare to foist 011 even irs own 1111derprivileged sections of the population.

"ft is insulting and patronizing to ask the average .Nigeria11 to accept what the factory worker i11 rlre Midlands would 1101 tolerate. all in the nc,me of rhe ·nascent' co11dirio11 of clemocracv in the Third World. a media fa11ws_v' of rhe Western world. a residue of the Western jusrificarion for colo11iu11io11 and post­colonial ii11en•e11rio11s."

(1983)

Ugandan intellectual. His 1984 honorarv · doctorate from the Univcrsitv of Mont-. pellier in France was dedicated to fe llow­journalist and educator Tai Solarin. im­prisoned at the time for demanding_ a return to ci,·ilian rule in Nigeria.

Indeed . few Nobel laureates have attained the stature of Sovinka. and vet he insists that the prize is not so much for him personally as for the entire world of b lack culture. Moreover. he sees this affirmation of the African --inner realitv .. as a radical contradiction to the Sou.th African gove rnment's fundamental attitude to{\"ards Blacks and as a source of hope and de termination fo r all those fighting against oppression in South Af­rica.

After waiting no fewer than t{4 years to honour an African. the jurors iri Stock­holm will now have to contend with the fact that the sub-Saharan contini::nt is comprised of over fifty different coun­tries. each with its own rich and varied literature. each with its sha re of Nobel-

class writers. Engli~h-~rcakin!!. French­speaking or Portuguese-speakin!! authors (to say nothing of those who express themselves . for example. in Swa hi li or Gikuyu or Yoruba. hut perhap~ tha t is too much to ask of the eminent members of the jury!) crowd book-~helves: rroof. if need be. of the tremendous literarv con­tribution of that part of the world. ·

And f:/ow? ...

Recognition of African culture through the writings of Wole Sovinka. howe,~r late it may-be. will hopefu.lly help to bring an end obscurantist attitudes towards vc::r,· different and historicallv devalued cui­tures . And then. one must not for!!et that the black world stretches across the ocean. where the Caribbean nations (once again. both English-speaking and French­speaking. alongside Creole) and North America have not been waiting. either. to produce several generations - of Nobel­worthv writers.

The first Nobel Prize for Literature awarded to a great African writer. Wole Soyinka. is an occasion to celebrate. But it is also a time to wonder a loud how long the delay will be for Ngugi. Achebe~ Armah. Sembene Ousmane. F-. !ongo Beti . Sonv Labou Tansi. James Baldwi-n. Toni Morrison. Rene Depestre. Samuel Sel­von.

A Selected Bibliography Most of tire p11blic(llicms rcfrrrl'd 10 i11 tire

following list are 1hr original ones. Lmrr edi1ions- paperh11ck.r. U.S. ,·rrsions. C'IC. -are also al'liilable. ··The /111erprr1ers ... All(/rt; Dewsch. Lon­don. {9f>5. "/danre and Other Poems.·· £,·re Me1/111e11. London, 1967. · '"Poems From Prison. '" Rex Collings. Lon-don. /969. • "Tire Mun Die,r lfJri.1011 n01,·.11. l<t-x Col­lings. London. /972. '"A Slruu/e in tlrr Crypt'" lp"C'lll.1·). Rrx Col­lings and Eyre MC'tlwl'n. L"11tlon. /'}72. '"Season of A11omy. ·· Rex Colli11g.1·. Lont/011. f'}73 . '"Collected Plan I . ·· Oxford U11frersi1y Press. /973. · ·· collected Plars II ... U.r{ord U11il-C'rsi1y Pre.u. 197-1. · '"Ogw, Ahihi1111111. ·· Rex Colli11i.:., . Lomlwt. /976: . '" Myth. Literature and tire A{ric1111 World.·· Cumhridge U11i1·ersi1r l're.\"I, /Y76. "'Ake. T/1r i'C'ars o/' C/1ilcllwoJ. ·· Rex Col­li11gs. Lo11clun. IYl!i. '"A Play of Gimus. ·· Eyre Me1lr11e11 . Lo11don. /WU. '" Req11ie111 /or e1 F11111rologi.11. ·· R,·.r Collings. Lont/011. /98-1 . '"Six Plays ... £_,·re Mct/1111•11. L"""""· /Y8-I .

• AFRICA

NIGERIA

!he silencing of Dele Giwa

ii he recent murder of Dele Giwa, editor-in-chief and chief executive of Newswatch magazine. has cre­

ated the kind of shock and consternation which was last experienced in Nigeria after the assassination of General Murtala Muhammed in February 1976.

On 19 October Giwa, 39, was having breakfast with the magazine's London bureau chief, Kayode Soyinka (no relation to the Nobel Prize winner), when his son, Billy, brought in a parcel which someone had left at the gate.

"This must be from the President'," Giwa said as he began to open the pack­age. It exploded in his face , nearly sever­ing his legs from his body. Soyinka, thrown across the room, received burns and other injuries. Giwa's wife. Funmi. who was in an adjoining room, was cut by flying glass.

Giwa was carried to hospital , but died within 30 minutes. His last words were: "They got me." Trying to figure out who "they" were has become a national preoc­cupation. All that is clear is that the murderers had access to the kind of technology available only to the rich and powerful.

Three <lays before the parcel bomb arrived, Giwa had been questioned bv the State Security Service about hfs alleged contacts with former politicians, students and university and other tracie unionists in an effort to destabilise the government of Gl'nl'ral Ibrahim Baban1.,>icla.

Giwa was abo ai.:eusl'cl nf ha,·ing­ciiscussed arm:- importation into Nig-eri~1

• Motive puzzle: murdered edicor Giwa

and of planning an expose of President Babangida's sacking of his second-in­command, Commodore Ebitu Ukiwe. This would tell the story from Ukiwe's point of view rather than Babangida's, as an ear­lier Nell'swatch story had clone.

When he left the State Security Ser­vice, Giwa wrote to his lawyer, Gani Fawehinmi. asking him "in the name of God" to take up the matter with the authorities. He also spoke to the informa­tion minister, Prince Tonv Momoh, who as::-u red Giwa that he would talk to the new chief of the general staff. Rear­.-\dmiral Augu::-tus Aikhomu.

A::: a result of the::-e protests, Colonel Halilu Akilu, director of militarv intelli­gence. phoned Gi\\'a·::: home to ·tell him that the matter was ,;ettled and that he

a;;; AS - t zws:ao:: £& fUQlQ a.aw ;wsc . t 4' .

had nothing to worry about. However an officer later called Giwa·., '

wife, to ask her for detailed directions to their home. The parcel bomb at'l'ived shortly afterwards.

But if all this suggests that Giwa was murdered by an officer acting in what he saw as the regime's interests, would the murderer have rung Giwa, asked for his address and generally left behind a trail of suspicion?

There again, if the intelligence services were intent on punishing Giwa, they could

. have banned his magazine, imprisoned him or tried him for plotting against the government.

Others have sought clues in News­watch, which had published several arti­cles likely to anger powerful forces in Nigeria and elsewhere. Under Giwa, the magazine had covered big banking scan­dals, for example.

And since Giwa's death, a former emp­loyee of a bank in Nigeria who had been interviewed by Newswatch during a banking investigation has · added fuel to suspicions in this area. According to another African magazine, he claims to have received the following message on 20 October: "You will be glad to hear that Dele Giwa is dead." He took this as a threat to his own life.

Then there is the drugs factor . On a recent visit to Europe and the US, Giwa contacted people who had been impris­oned abroad for smuggling drugs out of Nigeria or had a bone to pick with dealers there who had double-crossed them.

According to this theory, he had been working on a story in which he would name the kingpins of Nigeria's narcotics business - some of them people in high positions in government and commerce. Giwa was killed when one or more of these figures got wind of his plans.

One version of this theorv has it that Giwa was on the t rail of a· woman who had been arrested for trafficking and then reported to have died while in police custody.

Giwa had stumbled on the true story -namely that the woman's paymasters had managed to put a dead body in the prison where she had been detained , so that they could spirit her off, alive and well, to Europe or the US. It has been suggested that Giwa also discovered the identity of those responsible - the wives of some of the most powerful people in the country.

Since Giwa's death, Gani Fawehinmi has announced plans to begin a private pr osecution against members of the in­telligence services. But the directors of Newswatch have disowned the plan. Pawehinmi describes them as "timid peo­ple" afraid to tell the truth. Ever~·one is now lookinl,\" to the police to elear up the murder. But theirs is a \'ery tall order. • Cameron Duodu

CU I #.Pl$,

- -·-·

'VOL.7 **NO. 2014 WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1986 RABI-AL-THANI 1. 1407 A.H. 50KOBO -'.i'la •3 .. --LL :aaz .. a_ ±m:nSS&

........ ~~· .i-.J.1",, .. : . .-,·::--- ..• , :._. · . . , . . .•.. - •. · •. ~- · ··~'

President Babangida decol'lltl!s PtoltJSSor Sr,yinka dun'ng th~

occa,ion. Photo by ABIOYE OYEMYI.

By

BOSCO

/K£,H,'.4Nrl.\/

, .. ,,. ,. ,.•: • • .. I ·~, •

- Babangida FitESIDENT Ibra­

him Babangida has described the award of this year's Nobel prize for literature to Pro­fessor Soyinka as a most powerful refutal of the slander by racists all-over the world that the blackman is intellec­tually inferior to other races.

" The racisls must now

cal lheir words", he said yesterday while conferr· ing the national honour of Comma'tder of Federal Republic of· Nigeria on Professor Wolc Soyinka.

The president uid that the fact thal Pro(essor Soyinka had won .. ,his disiinction in English which is hn second lilnguagc over all other literary giants who had Ena.lish as their first lauguagc is a proof that the b lack.man can more than hold his own in all spheres or human endeavour".

He said tha t one o f the

Continued on Plge 17

Ultimatum for police chiefs f\. E\'V\,. Y assigned police co­l \a: nYT'ISSoners have been

given · an ultirnalum which e.xoires loday to report tn thelf vanOJSdurv posts.

The postings and re­assigrrnents of stale potice convrissioners formed 1he core of re-organisation in the force Ywh1Ch started las t month.

Chronicle in coma? T*c~~;~c~~~~~cruun~

~per cover J)fice on MOt'"ld.Jv. has forced Chronicle nc-;o.,so.J()t.fl ort me strt?e1s 1ndehn,11~v.

Mr. M,chael Monn. gene,a t rNINtQ'!f of 1h~ Crn-.s River l'~oer co,r,ontton, 'Wtd

,,w:t• • n"1v tl 1.,1t 1hC t,.mO\,'lf ,H V

SUS()fnSton of publication was rauscd by the inab1liry ,:,,f th e Niger1:::r, Newsp,int Manutacturing Company CNNMCL at Oku-lboku 10 suuoly newsprint to the oo,porat1o n.

Both the NNMC and the

Con:inut!d on P.u1e 17

I I that urgent dec1s tons which Sy TITIOSHODI · needed the auen11on ol the

commiss ionefs are being dela\<!d. The ultimalum was issued

~t Mondav by the Force HcadQuartets, Kam-Salem House 1n Lagos.

Some of 1he ,edeoloyed paliat con-vnis.sioners have not

,eportl"d in rhctr commands.

Re41able sources to ld the Nar,onal Cunco,d that the directive came ,n 1he wake ol rr-e vacuum created by the ~e of lhe commiss,one,s at 1hor nuw dc-sks.

It w,'l"I .ll'lio , .. h:,t-lv learn, ;;

The develooment h ad cavsod a huge pile up of work tor the various commands, and the sm,atton had deteriorated 10 a poml that the Inspector· ~al of Police. Athaji Mohammadu Gam bo ts .,.,,.n,,d,

Some of 1he commissioners ,ecen1ly rc, deoloyed included Mr. V. Othman from 8~uch1 Comfl"8nd to Niger. M r . Sule

Cononv~don PaQ~ 17

~ -·

'Nig'1frian_s_a-re- ·being treated to a spate of beauty competitions, some of them quite objectionable. But as. the economic hardship bites harder, may be some of them should be allowed as a necessary diversion. ~

WH C~·s··: .. . ,·-

• if your company produces 6 out of every 1 O dry cell batteries in _N,igeria?

My player plays longer on Bristar'

,

rrm r re ncnttrts'ir:&

NATIONAL CONCORD, Wednffday, December 3, 1~

I Legacy to black Continu•d from ,uge I

lenons to be learnt from Professor Soyin_;._a•s achieve• mcnt waJ that man musr serve mankind so a.s to leave J.

·wonhy leiacy for (uturc acncrations.

He said another lesson wu that · "the rat race for acquisition of questionable matcri~ wealth cannot alone serve the purpose of man oo Catlh'•,

land into mediocrity", he sa.id. He calJed on all Niacrians 10 s1rivc ac ;,&.ii times to do their vtty best for their country.

Conrerrina the natiooal honour on Profcuor Soyink.a, the president said homorou1ly "'the man, WoJc Soyinka., i.ivcs .. , ref a-ring to one of his work.J. ,.TMManDi~d'·.

Profrs,or Soyinka. in u interview later yesterday gave

race' the present administration a pat on the back for iu posture

Professor Soyinka however poi nted our thai aJ1houih the present administra,ion has i11 cri1iq~cs. "on this joyous oce&SK>n, I refwe: to make any criticism''.

on human nahu. ------O-

5--T---

He cold ncwsffi<n shonly N I P ,ner bcin, conrer~ with the beg 1. n

5 ma .

1 I 5 honour th.al "th is government

lislcns and cares '. He noted b · chat the government had delivery y air pursued hs human ria,ht post_urc with.in principle and in N IGERIAN Posral SeN1ces action. Department INIPOSTI beg

The president ~said he was particub.rly excited tt.J.t it was during the span or the prettnt adminisuation that a N iactW'I and a black.man wu awarded the Nobel prize (or literature.

Pa Adebo passes away ins a two-week e :.:periment in soeo,JI conveyance of m,11ls by ,,, 1<.<IJy .

~ experiment 1s pan o r d ~•T1lXehens1ve scho1ne to l?OhanCe speedy -lnd rcgul.;ir serv<:esby NIPOST.

He no1cd that there were ma.ny buddin1 Wole Soyinkas, all over Nigeria and Ulurcd all seckcn of t ruth and cxccltcnce like 1he Nobel laurca1e chat the Federal Government wiU do cvcrythins to cncnura.i.c them.

"T1-IE death is announced ol l a well-kno wn cduc~t ionist.

Mr. Gabriel Oyewolc Adebo. He died in llorin on Novcmbc:r 11. 1986after a brief illness.

Aged 84 , Mr. Gabriel Oycv-,ilc Adebo was an old student or St. Andrew' s College, Oyo. Oyo Staie.

He is s urvived by five child-

rcn MlOOi: whom arc Mrs. L.l}iwola Atoycbi of the fcderaJ Ministry or lnforma• 1ion. Lagos and M r~. P . Olu-

runkc Adeycmi a legal <lfficer v.hh the feckral !\.linistry ul Justice.

Funcr3)' arrangements -.ill be announced late:r.

A $ ~teinent by the NI POST 1 Pubhc Relauons Offu:c,. M,.

Yusuf Alu\N\lng s,11d t,ve soe,o-tl routes h.-1ve been ,,~ uut for :he ltve :seroplanes to be used t!'Xdusavely by Exp,ess A,rw.,vs

0 A natiOn which docs nOl enthrone excellence is sure to

-------------------------;- N,gen-:t Lurnted for c c1nvey,,1ni.:e ,

Ultimatum Continu4d from pao• 1 ~ who moves from Sokoto to Kwara and Mr. Sanni Da u ra to Abuia c:onvnond.

Chron'cle newspapers are based in Crosl River State.

Mr. Monn expressed dismay ~ that the management of

NNMC cut off iota! supply to the Chronicle newspapers withoJt warning when it amc:ulCed • 3X> per cent price

Chronicle Continu, d from P•9• T

New-s pa per Proprietors Association of Nig<oria CNPANI, said cid not COFT'4)1ernent me 80 per cent local raw material oonw,r of tht product.

ul NIPOST ITIJIIS.

Tl-e routes include L.:i90s -lt»t1-:ln - llonn - : .. t1nn,3 -K-ic1ur;.;; - L-:tg(>S; Pon H-lfl.XAIH. Calab.-:tr . Akure, Abup, K.fflUn-l Pon Harc.;uurt ; P, ir; H,1rc.;()Utt·C.:Jl-tl>ar-Enuyu• M-J kutdt · K.Jd u nit . ·Por I

• H.:wlol',un, K-3dun.1:1 - Jc,s -Ochers are Mr Ali Abubukar

deployed to tht Force H~rters, Mr. Em~ nuel l..lgoY.e as the commissioner in charge of investigation in the Oir11C1ora• of Investigation and Intelligence, Alagbon Oase.

that the r.:===::;::::==============, IN0USTRIAL/RESI0°ENTIAL

Mr. A . Dangana · and M r. T. Osiyemi are to take

c:terge al Anambra and Ogun ·states police commands rmpec:tively.

AJoo mowd to Bendel and Cross River states were Mr. A . Shettirfia and Osayande.

increase wts enough to oeotabilise newspaper housu. Mt. Monn said that the Chrorid~ group would stay off the sa-eers unltl the corporation was abfe to meet its newsorint needs.

The NNMC recen ily announced a 305 per cent rise in newspnnt price.

According to the announcement made six days ago, a tonne of newsprint will now cost "2,925 instead of 1666, a situation w h ich the ·

VACANCIES Required immediatety to work for a newly established design finn are: 1. T RAINEE DESIGN ASSISTANTS: with HND or · Dagrea in Industrial/Interior/Architectural Design. MU$1--­have imprlltSSNe portfotio of paS1 works. 2. ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT: rOQuired to ke81) basic accounting in addition to other admin. duties: must · have RSA Ill or ACCA Pan I or AIA Pan II • all with 3 year, experience or RSA U w ith 5 year$ experience. Some typing knowledge is required. 3. RECEPTIONIST /TYPIST: min RSA II with good GCE ·o· Levals Including English. Previous wor1cing exper;ence with an electronic typewriter/wOl'd proces:sot an advan­tage. Salary end condition of service attractive. Send your C. V. to:

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PUBLIC NOTICE UNIQUE CIRCLE

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the above named Club with h11dqu1ne,s at 3, Hagley Street, Yaba, Lagos is applying tor raoistration under the Land Perpetual Succession Act Cap. 98, Lawt o f the Federal Republic oi Nigeria 1958.

The TrustHS ,,, • • to wir:-1. MR. OLUFEMI LANLEHIN 2. MR. WOLE AWE 3. OR. TOLA KASAL! 4. MR. 'hOLE MOGAJI 5. MR. TAl\"/OJOHNSON

Objoctions, if any, should be forv,ardnd to ·, he Perma­nent Sec,otary, Foderal Minis1ry o f Inte rnal Attai,s. lkoyi -Lagos w ithin rwenty-one 121) days of th is publicat ion. wuh a copy to the General Secretary, Unique Circle, P .0 . Box 1800, Yaba.

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DYNAMIC LADIES CLUB '81 LAGOS MOTTO: UNITY, LOVE AND PROGRESS

PUBLIC NOTICE This is to inform the Generel Pubfic that the at>ov. Nmed Club haa applied to the Federal Ministry of lntama, A.Hairs for regiscration under the Land (Perpetual Succession) Act Cap. 98 Laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

Th6 Trustees of rhe Oub artt:· 1. Mrs F.Y. Hamza - Prtsideht 2. Mn. A.T. Az.aez - VicttPr,sidenr' 3. Mra. M.A. Sanyaolu - General Secretary 4. Mrs. S.I. Okedayi - P.R.0 . 5. Mrs. K.O. Abayomi - Financial Secreiary 6. Mre. K.O. Ot ufodunrln - Socl:I Secretary

Any objection to the registration of the Club should be forwarded within 21 davsot this publication to The Parma­nent Secretary Fedarel Minfatry of Internal Att11,­lkoyl•lago1.

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. [bPJNPY.m\DJ f1~ ~--

CONSCIENCE: IS AN OPEN WOUND: , ONLY TRUTH CAN HEAL IT

- Uthman Dan Fodio { 1754-18!6/

No more assembly plants P RESID~:NT llaban~ida's. beyond the ass.,mbly stage, and

announcement last '4ttk or d~ not seem likely to. Far from plans to produce motorized it, our foreign Partners hone tricycles for rural lransporla• threatened lo pull oul if the

' lion is very good news indeed, Second-tier f'orei11n E,chan~e especially so because he prom- Markel (SFEM) makes the ised that these machines would assembly uneconomical for actuall,= be uproduced" here, them.

1 not merely "assembled."' ll has become quite clear that · In the industrialised world, motor assembly plants repre-

bicycles and tricycles are now sent a false start in industrialisa• used mostly for exercise and lei- lion. The only lhing the assem-sure. But in such nations as Chi- bly policy can accomplish is to na and India which are still on block the road lo true indus-the ro:id.to full in.dustrialisation, trialisalion. A fresh and dlrfe• and which in additioo have huge rent start is required, and Presi-populations to look after, bicy- dent Babangida may well have des and tricycles, with and with- hit upon it. Bicycles and lricy-out nl.otors, are in wide use as cles represent the sort or low to essential transportation both for medium-level technology that humun bein~s and for goods of we ought to have begun wilh in all descriptions. the first place. The machines for

It is one of the ironies or our making them are less compli-de\·e1opmcnt that e,·e:n though cated. easie·r to operate, main-bicycles have been in use in tain. and of course cheaper to Nigeria for O\'er half a century, purchase. There is every likeli-we have never been 3ble to pro- hood that we can in a rew years duce or fabricate them here. All make the machines ourseh·es. we ha·,·ee,·er be~n abte to do is to This way, "' transportation for assemble bte,·cles from im• all" can become a reality. ported "con;plelcly knocked The saying that one must down parts"' ( CKOs). \\'e can- learn to crawl before he can r un SIR . I rt:ad ~ith utter

di:,m::i.)· O1:tlUnJi Oart·s ::in1cl~ "Tribula­tion uf a Chief Jm::im .. in the Si:p1cmhcr ~J edition ot The Gm,rdiun.

Dare's belated apologetics not fabricate the frame,. the is as true for nations as it is for "'"heels, the tyres or evi!'n the individuals. \\'hen oil showtrcd spokes. ~or can wt: fabricate the more monev on us than we knew ~par~ part'i. \\"e have no wh;tt to do ·with. we ;,1haudoned machine tools and no mou lds fer the bicycle and jumped to the making any pa.rt or a simple motor cnr. Now that the moncv bicl·cle. has dis.appeared, we are d~-

I ne'-'i:r c,:pc:ctcd such a ri:nowned wrl tc:r w11h an c-m,karing writin~ s tyle and perception would Je~cmJ so low to

pre~nl such .t tri1c . jlJ­conccived and sen· 1imcn1al piece on a high­ly scn"llt i\'t:: i~)luc for pub­lic consumpt100.

f le ca\lit!atcd l hose ht: c.:illcd ·Christian t.i.na· tiC"-. who latched on a fabn c:ucd sallah mes-

. \Vith the motor car, the storv co,·ering what a snd ntistake we is th• same. The motor assembly made. Nigeria and Nigerians Africa versus Israel plants were intendt!d as the pre• must now how to circumstance S tR. wit houc rc-scr,,a•

ludc to a major industrial effort nnd return to the transportation ~fr.ti~h.i!c~~ •;~~~~;~:~ wherebv European automobile modes of less prosperous times. lt!ttcr or No,,cmber 15. ) echnol01?,y would be ·•transfer- lf we humble ourselves and In the editorial he dis· red" to Ni~eria. These plants learn to walk. we will eYentual· cussed. The Gtwrdian were to train our en~ine-ers. ly 1 with the requisite hard conc:c:di:d ro 1he foct th,tt t echnicians and craftsmen. labour and determination. learn ii was in solidari ty wuh

Ajaokuta and Aladja were to not only to run without stumb- ~Jf~::~ A~~;c:;;~~~; ~. provide the steel. and we were to ling but even to ny. with lsrm:I. It follows . :: move on to the second stage of Development is achieved one thil t Africa is mouining ,, importing the machine tools and step at a time. There is no way more lhan che bcre-1,·cd.

•1 moulds for fabricating these you can fabricate a motor car ir its1 ~i~:~~;~~~-~~~~~;s~ vehicles from scratch, repHcat- your technological and indust• i , has ke pt pc:nnancntly

JI lng them and building ,our own.. rial infrastructure is insufll'cient on the boil just ro ensu re ,., By the: time this proct'SS was to fab ricate a bicycle, tricycle. that there is no respite

( completed, w~ would have motorcycle, sewing m.ichine or ~;le:.t~~~an/i~~s~~:~! assimilated the techn ology and some other rela(i\'cly simple sought refuge there.'" indi~enised th e indus try. m.achines~ But c:1n·t we atso point

T h.is course was n,:,·e r fol- Let our motto henceforth be: accu!ting fin gers ac 1hc lowed. Nigeria has not yet gone "No more assembly plants. n Palc~ti"'1.ms'! Who arc _____ ____________ __________ _, lhcs~ · surrogates?" ls

lsrncl the only country trying to "he lp ~us1ain former Nazi sympathiz­ers who degrade. tor· (Ure, maim and murder d dcncclc~s Black South A(ricans as a mancr of policy'!"

Guardian editorial on UNIBEN crisis commendable

to have an additional n;aff o f a prokssonal rank . Thece certainly cannot be that much Ucanh of acadt-mic l.lwyers 111 Nigeria .

durc 1s to elect a dean, ii docs not mean thal the u nive rsit y authorities cannot appoint one in the absence ur ;m dee· tion. C. Mol<u, FESTAt: T own. 1.agot.

/\S one author s.,:iJ "for cverv !lihortcom1n2 m man· there arc a thou-...;1nd admirable

qualities" (Pretoria doesn·t fit in here but lsrad docs). In \'i ew of the rorego1n~. we sec that Israel is not as bad as we- arc m;tde to believe. She has so much to oUcr Afric:i . c<specially " fight· ing dcsen encroachm.::nt and a\?riculture."

YoUr paper is against (which is a pity!) restora­tion of lies between Afri­can countries and Israel until 1hc J;mer renounces dealing with Pretoria. Out it appears yo u have dosed your eyes to the fact 1ha1 African coun­tries a rc dining and win• ing with ·'big" countries . which have greater in­terest to p rotect in South Africa 1h:1n Israel has. Even some of our people - as Mr. hokpchi .rig ht· ly said- arc doing t h riv• ing businesses w i1h lsueli· comr,anic:t or companies with suh~tan- -tial Jewish inh:rest.' ' The re-al enemy 1s not 1sr:icl, but Botha unc.J his uncles and aun1s,

En1manuel K. Orori , l~go,.

SIR. The Guard;ar, editorial of Novem­

ber 17, on the Univcntt)' of Ucmn dean stru g:glc ts ve ry relevan t. Th.1t the reported tus~lc has man· :,ge l.I to elit'at ,omm~nts from you and the ,\"m1011-c1J Concvr<I. ,how~ that t i is a m::ittu of g.rc:n pub­lic int~rt::\t.

Your even·h:'\ndcd

U nless somelhing is done immedia t ely , 1 i.Jo no t sc:e any ,om~lling reason why ~liss A(c­juk.u. who currt-nlly is Just a grad¢ hdow As.socia1c Profc~!lior. ,a.nnot be a ppo1n1cd 10 al:'l :l~ <lean. I woulJ r .Hh~r ,t ick to the tulc lh;\I hm11i i\ dean tn a m.J.'<1mum o f two rcrm1 h> .my other ,puru\US ruh: .

A bookofDeleGiwa's writings , please treatment of 1h~ issue 1s ceriamly .:ommend:1t, lc bu l ,,nc d i~t urh1ni: fact ,N hu:h 1he ,onlllCt h.1s hrou i..:ht 10 1ht: f,,re. h the n~·cU lo rc1nhu..:e 1hc law facullv . ·1 hmJl!-h re­l;i.tt-..cly )11unl,! . 11 ,, m y \/ !CW l h :tl 1'1\C \C;Jr$ I \

cn•'")!h ,I llflle ·lhe 1.iw fJ1.U II ) nf lhc um~er,11~ I! the c:unent procc:-

SIR, On Novcmhcr X. 12, you puhh~hc<l more tluri ng his , hort h(c :-.pa.n you started pub- of ~ul:h ariiclcs Out ,hor- as a journalist, I h::iv,· no

lishmg w m c old artu.:kc; ienc:J my JO)' hy wntmg douli1 rn my nund th:u w n tten hy 1hc talc dud ihat ·· toJ.av 1ht: 1h1rd and you will not rcgrel 1c. Ar-executive of .V~•·s-.•111c h f1n:'\I. •• " I humMv w1!ioh 10 tcr :alt, we now pay NS or ~fog:mnc. ~tr. Deli.: :\\k for i,:ont1rluahon. rnorc ru r :l copyol /\'~ws-G iwa. I w:,s delighti:J IO plcol:.c. In fact, I w"h to -.nuchnr:1nyutherm:1~:l -re::iU them. pra)mtt 1hal !lup:ie:.t 1ha1 ::i, hook of tine 1'1:1t hall any th ing

'they ~hould nmt1nuc. Ocie G1wa·.-. wnung,; .:ihout Dcle Giwa . Unfo r1una1dy. ..,houlll 1x: ,nmriletl. t-:kul·r U. Ckairo.

however. un Novcmhcr l'uhli:-.h JII he wrote Sokoto.

S.lf?e purporred 10 h:iv~ been i~U t:ll hv 1hc: Im:i.m coml~mmn~ · :,.;ig.cri::, '!, O1C m~mhi.:rship fc,r selfish rca~o ns .

He C::CJX:mh:<l gr-:::1t d(on m 1c.:lling us. though ~·11h n quc:s, ion­ablt: cert::iintv. how de­votc:J th~ lm;m is to his duty, Ht: went funhrr to suggest we mount a m~dia, air, )_:jnd and sea SC;)fch for 1he Imam's son - 1he o rigm:uor of this fot,rication - :ind when rountJ. hi: 1houlJ be made toc::cpl::iin · ·why he put his polilical 3ffi­li au on not onlv abo"c papa 's tliv ine ca lling but aJso abo\·e n.i.t ional unitv and st.Jbil.i1y ." ·

ft wouJJ be dishonest and insincere not to agree w11h Ol:1tun ji Dare 1h at 11 amou nts 10 a nag­rant violat ion of jouma· listic ethics 10 fl.lSh 10 pu blish an u nvcrifi~J pronouncement on a sensitive issue tikc reli· gion.

But lhc point is. if he could be so mu ch in­ccnscLI .and outraged as was Cli' ith:nl in hi1o artu;lc , then his s incerity is very doub1ful.

Where was he when

:--:ig..:ria w;is smu~l<Ll in to t h.: O IC. or \1, hen mo!t-lcms bum1 ,\own chur,:hc~ ,lt llorin ;md ltlM~ esp(Cl:\lly the bum1ni:_ o( tht! M ;.i tuc: ui the Risen Chri st .:u the Uni\'ersity c, f fbad;m .

D10 tnc:sc obnoxious .icts nu, tnrc3tcn n .1non· a l unitv :::inJ ')t:thili1\'·.1

\\'ll\' di<l hc not come o·ut wi1 h the some forthril!hl· ni:ss .'.lS hi:- 1.fal in th1'> C:is.c hl condemn these ~J.t.Jnu: c:,·en1s '!

The pcrpctrall' ~ of thcsc c:,·1 \s :1 rc ~1111 \.'etv muc:h arounJ . They UiJ not ::ibscunJ like 1he lm· am's son and ,c1 nc h:isn 't advi1,cd t h:it we summon them :tnd nc­cusc them of 1hrc:otening. national unity :ind sta~ bility . -

To now he ovi:r par­ticul.ir about lilll~ 1hir11r.s and lax in. ll4 g h-sues 1..~ lo strnin at :1 ~at :1nd ~.,1,::\l~ low a c.1m;I. Dar~·s. pre· sent agony is therefore bcl.:ned.

I s11l l.doff _my h:it for r~l il.?lonlcss ·\Vole So)7wka, Tai Sol:J. rin unJ The "Guivdia11 paper.. who w~e tx,ld to tc:11 thi.'. tru1h w?'i-en ii mattered. Osa,z.ie J:i:cobci. Kaduna

Provide full information on stolen vehicles

S(R. oflcn. o ne rc-;\J S in 1hc Jailiei .iOou,

S1..lme , t olcn 1,:e h1cl~s whu:h h:.ivc hccn ri:co·

vcrcd hy members o r 1he N t [:.CWl pohcc. The pohl·e Jo nut dahora1e fu rther on the hr;inJ!I uf veh icle:. recuvercd. their

cha,l!i r1nd cnl!1nc num­hi!r~. etc. ThCv therd,,· leave the r,u M1 c, C"J~·­

cmlly 1ho,c: who~ veh1-ch:\ a rc ')!Olen ""on,\cr·

ing whether th1.'1~ :.tl' nmong 1hi: rci:lwcrcd , ·i:h1clcs.

l am thi:-rdurc ,.1l11n~ on fh c poh1,;-:: 11., rlc::a""' cn~urc lhJt full f1,Hhl"\\· l:1rs o f ;1 11 rcCoH·r,•d , ·clu· d t:s :1rc pubh)hl·d .

T he,..,~, ,1f publish,n~ ~ui,:h in l,m nahon ('11ul,I tic ~rnl' r -:.1nl~ 11r ~ hull~ by the ,mn~r~ ol lhe f1,.'I.'.' ·

o,crt'J \<'h u.:k!t- . Sa,m Oi.:t-..m1I:,,. lh..ida, n,

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Jewel for· the Lion

Kongi's bounteous harvest fr<?m Stockholm (1'/te African G1wrdu111 :Jewel for the Lion· October 30, 1986) is a perpetual source of joy for Africans. Soyinka is the quintessenti~l drama­tist who . with a· rare combmatton of wit . humour and world power, indicts tyrants and charlatans. .

For ihose who understnnd Soyinka. he is opium - a veritable source ··of addiction. For those who think his writ­ings are obscure, Soyinka is a necessary

: evil. critical for the critics· existence. For the various regimes he has tangled with. he is a constant source of apprehension because of his indict­

,ments. To all and sundry. Wole Soyinka / can neither be ignored nor treated with

indifference. For Soyinka, the Nobel Prize is the

ultimate recognition of his vast literary ·skills and the propellant required to push ahead and surpass himself. I agree with Ashikiwe Adione-Egom·s Essav:

_ The Citizens are coming. Africa is ripe ·: for a decisive march for progress. The citizens are here!!! · 'Niyi Sanuth

}bara-Abeokuta. Ogun State

Soyinka has succeeded in widenin·g · the parameters of the Engl ish language · to embrace African culture an<lidioms.

His achievements are comparable to those of his old .English nafl_lesake

·. (W .S.) William Shakespeare .-:- the Bard of Avon - who laid solid literary

.. foundations for the English language . ·, through his various plays and poems· · long before the Industrial Revolution.

Wole· Soyinka alias W. S. 'Bard of· Ake' has rendered sound and poetic in­

. terpretations of African idioms and · proverbs into classical English with all

the qualities and. innuendoes intact. Some people consider Soyinka's abili­

. ties as bordering on intellectual masoch-

. ism especially his monumental transla­tion of D. 0. Fagunwa·s Ogboju Ode ninu Igbo lrunmo/e into classical English . His poems and plays

: have attempted to send us subtle messages about the strengths and weak­nesses of African culture and traditions so as to make way for social progress ,

. economic take-off and modernisation .' Kolawole Lawrence Surulere - Lagos

Soyinka ·s achievement is similar to Okonkwo's which Professor Chinua Achebe describes as "Solid Personal achievements" in Things Fall Apart. Abdul Lateef Bello Maiduguri, Borno State

TIIF. AFRICAN GUARDI..._~ DI.C l.~IIIER a. '"'"

i?mU4t1 For a govt!rnmcnt that has expressed

times without number it's obvious pre­ference for science anJ technology over tht! arts and humanities as areas of scho­larship. two recent happenings have now made a re-evaluation of this policy an urgent necessity. The first was the confcrrment of the highest honour for academ ic excellence in Nigeria on Pro­fc.!ssor J .F. Ajayi - an historian. The second was thi:: winning of the elusive Nobel Prize for Literature (the highest literary award in the world) by W:ole Sovinka.

Like the proverbial prophet that is not recognised in his own land, Soyinka had to win the Nobel Prize to merit the award of the Commander of the Federal Republic ! Bode Agunbiade,

lpadan, Oyo Stale

·I llal uuriatt WlltSorilu

Wole Soyinka 's winning of the Nobel Prize for Literatun: is a glowing tribute to his literary excellence and personal dedication to social change that favour the people. He has made the African, especially the Black . proud. This is the moment for even more penetrating li­beration writing. May his pen never run dry. S. G. lkoku Enugu. Anambra State.

Soyinka is an empire bui lde r. who has contributed in no little measure to the academic. moral ·,and social growth of this country. Augustus Elliot Esomu Lagos.

Whatever the Eurocent ric Amaican cri tics think of Africa. Soyinka and the Nnbt!I Pri1.c ~hould not bother us. For

= now, the pace has been set.·Soyinka is a worthy champion. Young Okononlcwo, Benin, Bendel State

A precedent has no doubt been set by Nigeria ·s own man of letters _ Wole Soyinka thus. throwing the challenge to African artist . scien­tists, engineers, doctors. etc. Africa is

· capable of producing intellectuals who will jar the world with their inventions. Bravo Soyinka! Bravo Mother Africa!! Eddie Nwaeri lkoyi, Lagos

Yemi-Ogunbiyi did not inch"de, in his list of Third World Nobel laureates (Politics of the prize) the Latin Amer­ican poet. teacher and diplomat. _Oabriela Mistral (pen name of Lucila

· Godoy Alcayaga, 1889-1957). She won the prize in 1945, for her .. lyric poems of high musical quality·• to become the second citizen of a Third World country to win the prize. Mistral is a Chilean. Okechukwu Okeke. /kenanzizi. Imo State

Ogugbuaja: a radical?

The rate at which newspaper heroism is been conferred on some people' is to say the least, appalling. Alozie Ogugbuaja happens to be one of the most recent beneficiaries of this despicable award . (Alozie Ogug­buaja: The true story, October 30, 1986) . .

Is it just the sloganee_ring that makes a radical? Chris Adefola ldoani, Ondo State

Corrections The opening sentence of the excerpts

of Professor Ekor Toyo·s response should read: Generally all polities (not politics) are structural." (Round Table , November 13, 1986) .

Jutice Akinola Aguda told The Afri­can Guardian: "The entire system of government is bound to collapse or be totally discredited. no matter how the laws are. if the judiciary is corrupt." (Round Table, November 20. 1986).

In 'People.' November '27 edition Mrs. Margaret Young was .inadvert~nt­ly referred to as the Presig~_pr of Nige-rian Women Industrial is ts. ;

I Address letters to the Editor, with wri/er's 11ame, address and, if aw1i/able telepHone number, to: The African Guardian, Rutam House, P.M.B. 1217, Oshodi, Lagos Niger­ia. Letters subject to editing.

5

NA,:IONAL C~NCOIJD. Thursday. December 11, 1986

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·For stealing two donkeys last year, ·· Baba Haruna of .Jajere village in · Barno State, w as ;se.ntenced to· -12 years jail -term and 12 strokes of the cane as bonus.'' Donkey law can indeed be a deterrent I ,:- ;.::. :~, 0 ·.·. ; ~; . __ .•

- ~ ·s· -:o ·y;···- -1N·'·1t.·A_.,., --.: . . . . :.-, . .::~~ ·.. ' ·, :::~l?. . : : •: •, ." ' • T ': ._ • •

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·· . _, .. :··. .. . : . . . . .

ONE out of three Ameri-cans claims to ·have

·heen:f directly from God, ond crore than two out of three

.. . say God has .. led or guide<! ..

The opinion poll, ~ rried oot

. them in making decisioos, : according' to a gallup Poll

-. , published .,..,.t..-day.: ··-;:~· .

_ ~ _ :, : . : . • . _: : .. ~ '::'. -:._ for~ Christian eioadc;ast ir,9 •• • > · · · Net'NOf1c. (CBN1Ja!so rtparted

IS. ·y ··o·. . RY' ~ that 31~J>8!·,= describe . .. '.· . ' . ':_, ~i?fff~ · · ' · · · .·, . ' . · · , . campaign to become the

Hl.!:µub', :::: an- Party 's pres,dcn ­!1a1 Ca'ld1datc "' the •' 968 c'1.1~11lns · Vr.0~1~cd · he 1>tilaihcd ·, enough . finaoc1a .. >_Receives Nobel -amidst cheers

PROFESSORWo- and ~.-li;~;.",y ~hoolin1 c:~e ,----.-.. -.-.-_..----~-.- .-.-("'\-------

. Nav'y?'~~t~ .:-~ up -· -.. -ta·s1r~;torce ..

So..,._1,n mad European) u very independent. . . . ·:_:: ~-; , ~ \> V

le JU&Aa e ·· He (Soyinka) says he uset the ·:·.· •• ·~. :.,. ::. ~" x:C. ... '· ... ,. i, • · ffisto· · · · "'':myths . as ,_. the - aesthetic· . . ~ \ 1rr,.\ ~ hlncaD ry yes- 'malrix" for his writin1. ·1t is •• · '-.\V ('l._~ .,=·~-_.--......_ terday whtn he ·and lhusnotaquestionoffolkloris- ·'.:./S't°' c..i~ _ ---~/. nine others ··received ·tic . rq,roduction, • kiad of .•. . . • ~~';] · _- •. : . .

level ,;f preparedness of the 8'( WAHEED ODUSILE · Navy, adding that he still

• ·--- -------' wanted to see things tor him-

the Nobel , exoticism, but an ii;dcpcndent . \.,...\, ., . .. . .. ,_ .··~-~ .... pnzes as and c0--0pcntlvework. : : '\\' -

one of ''those who",. The myths, traditions ·and ;_... ,. ,. , . ... ,. ··.,~·r-

d · th -diJ rites are intesratcd •• nou.ruh-unng e P•~'-" ig mcnt for his writing, · no• a

pfa'ARATIONS havobeon . • Continwdon{._g,6 yesr have conferred muqucradccom,.me." ..

~ ~u~~~n:: ::~=~· ·. ~ the greatest benefit OD 00Pt0°:~~~~~:;~~! planned invasion of tho coun- · manJdnd," ... : . · poems sayinc the ima,cry or 11V by the South African · · At the carnation · and lhc poems was «>mpa<t and OITned fon:es. . . ·. . b.rightly-li t concert hall ra1hcr lwd to penetrate. " It

Ac:cording to Olief of Naval Lakes time " he said uro know Staff, Rear Admiral Patrick of the C ity Hall of · the poems'intimately, bu1 when Kosl-oni, the Navy has set up Stockholm, Professor known, 1hey could be a moving a tasl< force to carry out ap· Soyinka's work was testimony to courage and propriate 5'Jrveillance and sea presented to the audience anis<ic strenath." base activi ties. in dell" arus by Professor Lars He observed that "although of the coun1ry. where there . it is chiefly the dramas that •errej0<oilterminals . Gyllensten, Chauman of stand out as Wale Soyinka 's

He spoke re newsmen V!S· the Nobel Committee for most signiricont achievement terday at the presidential Literature. his plays noncthcles.s are lounge of the Murtala Said he: "The way in which important fascinating literary Muhan'med Ai rport, lkeja. Soyinka makc:s use of the works which arc fru its. of sl,on!y before he left for REAR ADMIRAL KOSkVtvl · mythic:ol material (the African) Continu,d on l'o,t, 8 Bendel State, on familiarisa- ,----------------'------------------ ----i =~~i.~:;:t est•b

1;•h· Woman faces military tribunal

Rear Admiral Koshoni said he - going to the delta ••. e,P41C11lly Werri 1nd Sapele to hive a fir3t•hand kno-Medqe cl the Opefational rmcfineu of the task fDfce.' "wi1:h specilll emphasis on [ho security of our off-shore oil inn..aP•tl<.lna .. .

He sad from aita.tion re­poru trarwnned to the Naval ~1<1 In l..ago1 , he WN ~le s.1D1fied w ith lhe

L@~l?fMl##,WAS

A OVlL sen,ant in Benue State. Mrs. Hadizatu

Atojoko, yesterday appear• ed before the Kadun1 Zone of the Special Military Tribu­na di..-ged w i th corruptly eonming herself wtth the stateoovernment's money.

Hadiutu, a sub-trel$UI'., -w1th the Benue Mirwatry of Fif'\M'lee, was 1ll9Qed ln 1 ""-<:ount charge by the

. , . · . ;, , .

prosecution to have enrich­«I henelf by N388, 175

· between Soptomb"' 1980 toAl),il 1983.

··:. She was accused of P•Y· ·

ing rroney belonging to the government to persons who 'W'We not aware thac their rwrnos were berng used and keepino the proceeds arTIOlllUng toN17 1,055 to _,_

Hedzatu was funher all• g«f to have tcqu,red assets totalling N261 ,681 within the period when ner legiti· mete . income was only

·N44,566 and a lso · bre«tiing the code of

a,nduct for public officers by engaging in ptivate bus i· ,_._ '

The accu•ed has pleaded lmooenca while hearing in the case continues .

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,:;

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iLitre

Will shortly be int roducing P.V.C. Bottles 250ml and 500ml sizes good for Liqu id Detergents. Disinfectants and var ious Babies and Adult lotion..

• · Other P,V.C. containers up to a max­. imum of 1 litre capacity can be produced

on spocial order. · * Presently we are producing rolls/bags .i~ d ifferent .sizes. * Plastic raw materials are a lso available in huge quantities.

Contact:-LAGOS: Apapa/O!ohodl Exprusway,-(Ncxt to SCOA W;arch ousej Jjr,hit~cto. L1.10,. r. 0 . Box 6.119, L~ios: T•I: 660261, 8015.10-3. T,lu; 26811 NG.

KANO: c/o DELTAPLAST PlolS21/22, Shu.ad,1 f n,duu,bl Esuc. , Ph.a,. 2, P. 0. Box 6748, Kano. Tel: (064) 91 13. Cabtu: _12_!_( ,:~P.LAST,'KANO. T•Ju ; 77764 DEL TAP.

. . . · ..... . . ' • • ; I ~

Soyinka makes history Continutld from Pag• I

Soyinka 's richly endowed hna.aina.tion a nd a culture with a wealth or artistically in,piring traditions ...

Soyinka, Gyllensten ac:knowled1cd. wu a tnao 0 wbo is a wide cu.hural perspective and wilh poetic ovcnona faslµoos tbe drama o(a.istc.acc ...

..... . _ . .

prcscnti cion is transmitted live on- tdcvis,on.

TH£ Pment at tu colourful ceremony were about 50 c:xciud and happy Niserians, moot or them part or a 10vemmen1 ddeption led by lotonnation . and C1,1lture Mini.siu. Mr. Tony Momoh.

Tunde Akogun, Mr. Scgun Osol>a, Mr. Peter Ajayi, Malam Mohammed Haruna, Mr. Felix Adcnaikc. Mr. Kthinde Adeosun, Dr. Ycmi Ogunbi)·i, Mrs. Fnincisca Emmanuel. Mr. Fmti.Joluuoo, Chief .Bola lgc, Mr. Justice Adcmola Candide Johnson, I.aaos Si.ate Chief Jul!sc and Dr. Ola Soyinka, Professo, WolcSo~'sson.

For the fine time in the M yn.r bisrory of the Nobd Prize cacmony, African m111ic. nay "Nigerian musk wu played. The tune ' Aic inLa' WU Wffl from Fda Sowaodc.'i 'African S~ilt' compascd in tbc 1930s.

Ycsccrday's rccipicnu o/ 1he Nobel prize include Prof. Ernst Ruska who with Dr. G crQ Sining and Hcnnch "Rohrer would shilfc the physics priu fo r their work on microscope. Or. Rohrtt. a Swiss •ho worh fo~ IBM rold this rcponcr a the laurea t es reception ycSlerday Iha, in a nuuhclJ and in layman '• tanauaae they had dcsiincd "a, microscope 1hat could enlarge an o~jca a

hU~~cdc~Ps?JJn:uc Wffll

OPEC meets to hike price· jointly 10 Professors J)udley Henbach Yuan Lee and. Jo.b_n ·Polanyi •for their conmbution.s in the dynamics of Chemical proceSiCS - Polanyi, a .areat admirer or Soyinka. said he was particular happy over ~yinka's prize, aotin& only da. he have J lot in common bu1, • he. obscn-ed the Nobel pnie is a c.ariiy in Canada as it ts :o Afri"ca and· Niacria.

0 P!:C meets to launch a campaign for highM

v.orid oil prices IOday. w ith 18 dolla,a a l!a<rel the goal but a 1crategy to reach it far 4,an d ea,.

A new • sense of ur'Uty among the group' • 13 mem­benl will be tested as they oy to - how to charge the - en exlta three doll .. a borTel or.., to fuel its an and fa::taies at • time when oil !Ul>P* remain al>undant.

In the part five monttl!i, the Organisation of Petroleum Expatjng Countries h1ts bag,.,, ,.,,_;ng • coll""se ~n pricoo whicll begal) a yeengo - the barrel lt,tc;/,ed 30 dol l,n . .

Galvanl,od into action - priON dipped below rina dollara In July, the group finally "9fO"d In Auguot to conlr0i its runaway output,

. and it ha succeeded in act,i.,.;ng a fairly stable 14 to 15 dollar• yutorday. '·

But how . to pU&h . Prices "6ther in • mlri<tt laden with Clil is the dilemina it now faoas. Further prOduction cuts would h<!lp, oil enaly•ts baliew. But w!Mch stares will mal<e the aec,ificel

Shifting politiail alliances wilt-in OPEC have put the a><,-valiva kingdom of Saud Arabia and radical Iran at the forefront of the attempt to drive pria,s higher.

Both w.,t 18-dollar oil . But in the tnanOeUYMing that tra­ditionally precedes OPEC ,,_ti"IIS, Iran has tried to put p,essure on iN n4y,,.found ally

Earthquake claims 3

lives HREE peoote wore killed T and more than 30 in jured

in an earttu~uake which hft conlrat Bulga'1a on Sunday and nearly des1royed a small town. the Bulganan News Agency. BT A, reported yes-

. te,day. BT A said that more than 80

per cent of the buildings in S tra z~itsa, a town of 21 ,000 people about 240 Kms north· east of Soha, hild been destrOved in tho Quake.

The q uake , which measmttd 5 .5 on the open­ende'1 richter sca le, Was also felt 1n n e,ghbounn g Romania. Yu90 , 1av,, and Turkey.

It cut o ff power supplies to 42 com m umues 1n the coun tue s of Vehko, Turnovo and Titgov,snte, and wate, suouiues to 3 7 oopulat,on ccn1rcs were cut, BT A s auJ.

Mcctnwh 1le , the Yugoslav Nrws 4,qcnr.y . T A NJU G, on Tuescs av rcp ortc<J th::.t at :c.1s1 3 .0 00 ucopic were macJ ~ · · ~ 11'e:less by the Quaku .

b'( calling on Riyadh to make N!!W ruts in ita output. al,-!y pa,edto around 4.35 ITillion barrels per day (BPOJ out of a capacity more th.In twice that.

Killing of 3 unionists

condemned

SOUTH Africa' s la<gHt tabour group has

condemned the we-ekend kill iogs of · throo- tr1de uniontsts K\ the counuy·s Natal Province. saving tl"let the untomsta' dea1hs were tho latHt in the Ca'T\9&19" to .. ,mash democra tic and effective trade union,04

10 the count,y.

Mes1rs Pruneas Sibiva.

~ awtienor. aumbend rougb]y 1,700 people Cr= all o- 1he world. Most of tbc Nis;mar,s pcesc:at were the country's li taary heavywciahis, Soyi nka ' s n:latiom and dole friends, journ&lists and a sprink.lina of. blaineamai.

' Cy,,osi,re of all eya, accordia& IO rq,oru WttC Chid. M .K.O. Abiola, Chail'IJWI o( Concord !'ms of Nifm,z tDd OlxfMkbadlbnl,bcedofthe famous lbtu clan.

Cbicf Abiol& apixarcd ill colourful haod-wown YOfllba • "A1o---Oke" while Chief Michael lbru wu in Urtiobo native attire with OOWUJ& wrapper and bowler hat.

01bor members or the Ni&<riaA dclcpuon also clad in rich native a1tira included Col.

The prizes were handed ovier. 10 the winnen by the Swedish Kin& Carl 011Jlaf X IV who had perf ont><d the annual ritual sina, 1972.

. • Polanyi is the founh Canadian _Many rnem~ of !he to , ., the prizr. The fin& two

N1gcnan oC~cial dc_leaanon. rtdpicnts were in 1923 r01 ~d not pm mtry 1010 the discovtriD& insulin. a ty hall ceremony mostly The prize for medicine wu owina to inadequate rt,aml between Dr. Stanley arn.nccmmts a nd partly due to Cnhcn ancj P,i1a the price of the tickeu which Levi/Montalc1ni •for the w~e prized at 600 Swedi,h discovery of srowtb futon. ' aowns or slightly more th.an Professor James Buchanan' s 300 Nair-.. Officials of the econom.ia prize is.n01 n ricdy a l-ligerian Embassy blamed' Nobc!· prize. It is called tbe Lagos for not Kading the list in Nobel Memorial Priu and &OOd time sine,: ruucll or the funded by 1hc Central Bank or bookin&S were done thrtt Sweden. His theory of •ee)s: s in advance. · The economic and polkicaJ dcc.iiion consolation for everyone. makin_J' has hctd a lot of however, is that the Noble priu fascination for many.

Simon Ngubane •nd Ms. Flora Mn1k•thi, au membeu of the Metal and AJ1ied Work.erS Un,on (MAWUJ. we<e abducted by members of the

·conS-etvau ve . "INKATHA"' orgainis1\1on from theu homes in Mpcphomen1. ne~ Pieter Maritz.burg.

Nigerians urged to · THE Secretary to the

. Federal Govern­ment. Mr. Olu Falae. yatatday In Lagos ap­peaiad to Nigerians to 8UppOl't the Southern Africa Relief Fund

support 'SARF Services ­

.disrupted ,-HE closu,e of Zam bta's (SARF) In "providing I land borders ·follow,ng h u m a n I t a r I a n

nots 1n the copperuelt u,a assistance to our week has d isrupted services brothers and sisters in of Zimbabwew, uansport Southern Africa • ., operators ilnd confus ed travellers. Zimbabwe' s He said, at the inauguration Nation•I News Agenc y th-c re-cons1itu1ed c11 h c .. ZIANA reported yesterday. man boatd of trustees of the

Ouotina sources a t the h.nd~ that it was a moral res• Zambia-Zimbabwe border. u · · · ponsibility of " all peace-lov-sa1d only 1 o cargo u ucks had ing people of the world' • to been allowed into Zamt>.a e,c.terd a helping hand 10 the from Zimbab_.e y ~stcraay fibe<atiol'I suuggle. morrnng and that no ·,oad f'N. falae sald that the uafhc was moving from the nurrt,e, of South African ind

Namibian refugees in : he Frontline States had riaen to an a,a,mng proportion that it had beoome necessary for mont support to be given to them.

Ha recounted Nigeria's fi. nancial and material support to tl-e liboration struggle and pledged that the Federal

. Govwnmem would .. continue to render all the necessary assistance" . w ithin the lffl ts of its avai lable resources.

Mr. Fatae praised the sta te govsM'Ntnts# the Union Bank and the lntetnetional Bank for West Africa (IBWA) for their s,pport to the fund a nd expressed the hope that they woufd continue to render

Zimb,an side. Zaim b ••n Informatio n

M1n1ster , M1limo Punaban1u s a id on Tuesday thal ,n additioo to a dusk-to·dawn curlew imposed on the ,.c:­h1t copperbelt towns a f Kttwe and Ndola . the country' s laod borders had also been c losed,

Names of detained black

ZI A NA quoted o n e transoon ope,ator whoso col'T'pany carries cargo ho1n Zimbabwe to Zambia an d Zaire as saying be1wccn , ] and , 8 of their truc ks appeared to havo been s1raridod ettnt!r 1n Za?nb1a olnd Zaue.

Four o tner truc"-s had thcu w ,ndsc,eens smashed b y the rio1ors 1n K,1we and wer.: no w under po ltc tt guard. " One o f our crucks which m an,uJca h> ooss in t o Z,mbabwo t,)n Tuesda y aflemoon had a bunc c hole 111 ,ts w 111dsh11)1d, ·· sa1d ca,90 ca mers !t1u1k c s · ,n• o 81,an Warson.

kids on Xmas Tree

· T!."::n:~ !1:~~\ ~\~: · "" dangled from a Christmas Tree yesterday aa s1Jbbing relatives held a sombre Chris­tmas party to appeal tor the ir rdease.

Scores or parents attended the party. organi, ed by the Black Sash Wotr.en·s Civil Rights Org a01,at1on . in centr.li Johonnesbu,g.

Ovis tmas g,tt tags bearing the na~ of child detainees llufl9 lrom a tree and were pas ted 10 the walls around 1heholl.

According to police. 256 ch,ta en aged 1 I 10 1 5 are betng hetd under a nauona1 s1t11 cc ,,t c,n1!r9cnc v a ,,n.;a a,

S l.31T'4)1 t'IQ out poliucal v,oJen-

""· "We have nothing to cete--bre te ... the government shows fN&ry sign of using oreater and greater forc e as we . move · toward s Christmas," Black Sash o,ganiser Ethel Walt told the patents.

Sweets and biscuits were piled up in the hall . Today, blacks Sash women plan to match on a local jail, where chilaen • are hold. to deliver the presents.

Thefe we,e c ries of "yes . yes" from paren ts when Wal t !old them: .. Children belong at home. not in jatl •.• w het kind of socie ty needs proteC· tion from its own children.··

assistance to it. He urged members of the

board to ensute that money oolloctod wn judic:iouslv. _.. end accounted for at all bmos.

He con-mended the fonner board for its good j ob and hoped that the new one woud carry on in that tradi· tion.

Mr. Felae also commended merrbers of the new board fot ea:epting 10 serve w ithout eny renumenrtion and called on Nigeri.-. to emulate this ••worthy example'".

Mt. Falae's addre.ss was reoo on his behalf by Alheji lbtai'im Abubakar. a perme• nent $.8Clll8ry in the Cabinet Olfioe.

In his own address. the c:hainnan of the board, Alha ji Abdulked1r Ahmed, said tha t he would mobilise Nigerians to provide more ass istance to the liberation movemenls t iff apartheid was au.shed.

He said tha t lhe ·board would soon delibttrate on a report of a sub-comm1ctee it despatched to the Frontline States and the liberation movements to assess their needs.

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-... ~ Mr. 0/u Fala•, Sec. ro FMG

NATIONAL CONCORD, Thursda -ij(nt.ft I] 'SI:)\$ I i1

WASHINGTON .

U.S . lnleftigence Chie1 WiHiefn c.,.9 tied lb Contr•_ss yu,erdey on 1-:

1~;

arms scandal •mid report• that Pr R_eagan is frustrated by the refuaaa of t~'::' atdes to te·, eal what they know.

And an opinion poll , ~ ... ~ Tuesdw, nlid about half the public thought Re-.gan "

1

ly ing when he aaid he did not Mow f~ i"' th• arm& s.alH were being funnelled 10 u' bocked CONTRA rob.I. in Nic.,avua.

DAKAR

HE •ocond wor1d conf~ °" hu T right• opw,ed on Tuesday in Dab, Senegal' s justice mini.Mer catting on Al countri4• to rHpect audt ri9hta.

Mr. S.ydo~ Medanioy urged~­Africa. South Amer.Ca .wt AaJa to " pro-11

K$enti.M contribution to 1h. idea 1ha1 de· me.nt ;on aong with rHpect for .,. rights.'"

MAPUTO

MOZAMBIQUE' S oocurity sor, ico ho, t6d a numbe, of peool• connect•

un&u'lhorieed foreign trade. the offida. AIM reponod,

Quoting a spokeam., for the H•r, ice Tues.day night that those held .. manager• or reprHentatb 1n of co, ope,atin9 illegally. ·· u ga·,e no figur~s. both Mozambican.a and foreigne, arrested and unspecHied gooc ~ confiscated.

PARSIPPANY .

ORMER U.S. PrHident Richard 1'. F,aid 1hat Ptesident Reagan is ha r­han a,ma scandM batter than he ha Wateriate issue during his Presidenc

In a 1t1tement in Panippany. Ne on Tuesday. the former u.:;.. P.ns that Reagan wu gening to 1ht11 bo,­itr: eatiga1ion •• efficientJy •• poss.ib

· ·. ADDIS ABABA

A TOP· lEVEL Czochoolo-:ak dtl

by senior Communist Partv member MitosLa·, Jake, left Addis. home on Tu.sday afte, • lhre lf ·· Ethiopia during which they h e ld u Head of Slate, Mengistu Haile Ma ,

Mr. Jakes confeued wilh Indus Haily Yimenu and signed a two me.nt with the ruling E1hiopian W under which Czechoslo·:U ia factory, bfewery in parts of E1 in·: ol-.;ed in supplying turbines an, mei nt for a ne w hyd,o~efeccric jointly buih w ith the So·:iet Union

TEL AVIV SRAELI troops shol dead t w

(Tuesday in Israel's :5elt•de l zone in .oulhern Le:banon. ar woman satd.

She said thal tho troops f

saw the guerrillas south· of . Houneh, 20km north of th •.­There were no laraeJi c.uualt it:

ACCRA

HANA and Cuba on Tu~s, Gvear trade agreemen t' u will e_.chilngo goods. repo, 1s

Under (he ~reoment '5 1

Trade MN"li5te , . Koh 0 11n . ., Minis ter for fonuyn Tr3d@ / w ill 1:01por1 cocoa bt:an s. s, p,ocwssi::d 1imbtrr. a1um1n1 furniture Cub.a.

DELHI NOIAN po ltct1 ytr11~rcioy

l s•, .&ual ma,r1a9• w htrn '"bud>t'. on cha,y~ of Unit•:d Nt1 ws of lnJ1a rtP0 1

Thot mam ag111 or Ab d u oi y'!:a , -old brtd tt Suhar.ii. ..,.. n,onih ,n thb sou1h 11rn Ind

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SFEM

!..utin fn..1n1

Continued.from Back Page :11cre i, not .nud1 tile CBN .:an Jo aboui rh:.tt :IL icast

· fl,1 now. The· \!ll\\.'1"l1llll'.llt had

added S5 million to the 111;.ri-,L'l \ \.',t\.'rday ;11 ;1 mm·e

thought to be a ploy 10 boos, the apparent recovery of the Naira which hankers ,aid had comrnenccd last Thursday.

8ut the bankers .~aid lhis -move;: only scrvcd lO :mracl more people: to the market, pushed up the pn:ssure on -.vllat wa\ on .,ale.

S,l far no bank returned :.. n ;' u n ~ o J <l ltl r ci g n cx..:n,rngt' to chc CHN but . Vanguard has · rcliablv gathcrcd that" Nigeria;1 firms ha vc: bccn part ii:ularl y wcak for the ;;c.:r;.,rnble for the limited US dolli,!'.

For instaocl.' .ll ,mt: bank wlm:h won the maximum S2.4 million yc:stcrd;.ay, rht: multinationals. and A!>ians topped the list 111' huyer~. abuu1 whic!1 :nanager said:

"lf as the CBN says me ·52... million is soid accordin!! to the :·att: asl<ed by the cus1omers ,10 Nigerian company will get anything. That . will be disastrous ."

·~;lt\\~··~.r\,· . ·n,p1,-d

~>:yct'iLt. .,·11..11_1,· ·Cl~ ,r: .;Jfh..~r ;h,Hiill ·:o: , : , l'..'Lt!U:_

· •,ch ·.11; ·1lkucJ •:Ul'lllc111, ,.-,

·- :;;1 .. -nilm1p1ilu1-.:1~ J>rJ~., ·: ;1 i1crs askr:J: \Vh•; norr

,,;;c,1e ::io_vinKc! 11imsd(-.uid i1t ,\.'ot.dd ncccpt ;n,; ~,rizc :c !u: qo: ;. ;)ut ;ust ia:;, •no111h ,1e :,)ili Van_9uardoi'"'rh,: ·.,,i1ok otmosrberc ·lt' i-Iollywood ·:aumurazz :,urroundinq ·he Nooci". He ·,aid ;1e·. ;dt literurv (1wards ~hould be quier\v or9uni5cd :rnd awarded.

Observers hove alwa_vs hdieved :hut ~ither ')ovink.:i, Chinua Achebe :)r :.:....copold Sen~hor would -.vin it iirs·l 'or Africa.

The journey Continued from Jla_qe 1

the civil war and 9ot (ietaint:d for 27 month~. It was ·ha: incurcei"arion which re~ulled in hi~ thunderous m\:moir~, "THE MAN DIED".

Wole Soyinka's opposi11on to misused power. und !O violat1on of numan ril)hts t: o n t i n u es . H c w a s unJuubtedlv the most · aniculote c·riric of many regimes speakin~ ouc ~vcn :n I he iace of imprisonment .. 11uj. c.kath.

NNSL Continut!dfrom Back Page 19 oceun;JOm!-J vessds m l97l).

,'1;1ujo1 Gwadc:be confirmed that the Federal Government rcleused a !oun of NlO 1nilliun to the NNSL :md ;1oµcJ that rhe money would ' i1e enough to offset its fore,gn debcs.

We smell capital flight Continued from Page 1

no in\'oices · or ocher stipulated documents a.re shown before many oan.ks prcsenc their bids.

.~ ,, I

)

'· r.

" ;<

MAY we noc now ask ourschc:s: who h<l\'C bc:cu ; i biJdiDg? who ha\'c: been allotted und how muny ~ I genuine· Nigerian comp<lDics arc o.mong ·the ' ! allottc~? i'

A CLOSER scrutiny clearly shows that rhe applicOii . companies for the highest bidder · banJts arc i , ,,. . ,... '!!](J ....;<ltf': mulf\nntih r ·· 1• (ntfi ••# . . .... t d

FOUR AWAYS

8 X 18 X 19 X 20

r-OURHOMES

7 X 16 X 17 X 23

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- 6X 7 ABOVE lS_BEST

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• , ~ : .1 I I l t ' 1 .DAJLYNATION,MONDAY,OCTO~ER27, 1986 , 1 , ; I• 1 , _ 1 1 11 -7, ~ . . • •• J • , .. J . . .. V i •• C • I i ; $ l • I I J I I J •• I L • J L i 1 I - I . .. . ...... . ... . ... - • ••• ,. .... ...... ... .. • .. . ...... • ... · .... - ,. .. .. ,

A pleasant surprise for Soyinka Wecan~o do the repairs

1lings about 'fhe_ African ·_iiterature fiant, Wole He gai~ed - ex-'?licit, if!tellectual support. ·genuinelr conve);' his feeli~gs. aspirations ,The Govern~ent has. _d?ne its display by Soymka, won mtemationa recognition f~om . 01:1r own internationally recognised - and_ desire of his own society through_ a !>est t<l establish the M~1st.;Y of urt Park for his deepl committed hi hi hngu1st1!! scholar, Profe_ss~r M!)~amed· for~1gn_ l~guage. . _ f'ransp?rt and Commu~11cat1ona, j the show artistic fertile y d d · "d ~ Y Abdulazq:, who said that K1swah1h could. So 1t 1s essential to have a national .something few developing coun-·v the way b f, b · and J~hmNIC 1b e1as o~g. serve the continent for mutual unaerstanding- language in order to have effective and useful tries have. It is, therefore, unac-·lehaved. e o_re emg awar e e O e Pr12e through their own populations and as an literary communication among ourselves. ceptable for some authorities to

plained for hterat~re. . . artifa~t of ?isti~ctly identified African per- Thei:i literature c?uld serve as a potent .say. tJiat shortage of fun~~ is the , 'iis sad ~deed, it was a pleasant surprise fm· so_naltty with his own tongue for express- ;- medium of expressing oµr cultural heritage maJOr cause of not repamng the I ,ainly Soyu~k~ that his masterpieces won him that ing his innate feelings. and exposing our own political problems. road from Kanduyi through I t care prest1g1ous award. I am sure that Soyinka It is for this very reason (Soyinka being an Good literature is needed to lead morlP,.,.. '.\1ayanja, Chwele up to Kimilili. ·ture. had no notion that he.would be rec~iving_this e~ponent of Swahili)_ that I feel. so P':°Ud of m~n in . his first steps towards ; integrat\~!1 W~nan~hi are always willing to , than award because of hl8 often radical views him. I congratulate him for winning this most ~hich will prevent him from losing his iden- .repair this road on harambee 1

cnt's abou~ Africans. Neither did he work for it. prestigious award in literature. 1ty, his intrinsic personality and from a ban- 'basis if the Ministry is not ready !

It 1s a great pride for African literary Thia again reminds me of the need to . Joning himself to extemality. tQ arrest the situation before it nts for aspirants and a deeply touching inspiration '..i;evive our own national liter~ry awards for . A literature. dealing with human beings ~ets worse. . ~enyans to hear t_hat amo~g them there could l)e one young as well as the well established men and and hu1n_an act1_ons must emphasise the inner I remember on~ Saturday,

who merits that highly coveted prize. He won women of letters: · personality. , . when I was travelling home for 1w ho.w the Nobel Prize for his writing in a foreign There is a need fqr a well founded and · There is nobilitv in literature. if only that the wee~end. On reaching

'!Oney language. established institution in the country which piece of literature tak~ intoi consideration Hungoma bus st!lge, I found '•mg · . Swahili literary enth_usiasts are exceP.- would exc_lusive_ly -'?romote literary activities tha_t_ tlie l~nguage of any country i~ a precious . many users of this road stranded

,ii) t1onally proud of Soyinka as they still whosemaJorobJectivewouldbetoencourage possession and, hke any precious ,becausematatusandbusowners .. ,mk,_ rememb~r hi":1 _being an exponent of greater ·. artistic. expressions-. It would · J?resent to possession, need~ to·be car~d for.. . have ~ycottt;d ~~~ road_ through

to the --:· use of K1swah1h when he firmly stood at that · readers problefQs. progress or any ills so that Professor David Cook said m h18 inaugural Chwele to Kim1hh, saying even .ool hours. "international gathering ~( African intellec- the::aoclety _ia kep~ abreast of events taking · , l~ctur~ at M!lkerere University_ Hall that bicycle~ ~W1not iret_ through . . ' feel our t,ual~-; the Black and Afncan Colloq_uium at ·pl~ce-ln thearenvlrons. .: · . · '. hterature equip! studenJ.s to think wi~ely

1 fy,aJ1Smg that 1t was gett!ng

should . festac 77 - and declared that K1swahili fhe secretary-general of Festac· (Black and , deeply ,and flexibly op 1111 human affairs. late, people started approaching i:,f the .should be the common medium of all black .- African Festivals. ·ot Arts and Culture), the · ·FaraJ O.,mlla. th!l matatl! owners to accept even ·inking · and Afri1:an peoples in Africa and peyond. ~.Jat•(~~11-Diop,tsaid:_'S:'-.\ writer cannot: · ;· · ·: .· Mombaa:.) Sh50 to paaa ~ugh rural access

u in · '· & ' · ; -~oad so that they could reach ~ ~ . 4 . - _ ·J _. , .. ~-

1 .. · . -. • ._ . , . . , .. . · , ., : · • 1ome, regardless of how far they e In'o' culat1·on··· ·. ,•" :. \\'cite w;,'fU~!'t.JJ~Jy~atidlil'Bo~'-49010; N11i~obl.·'J:~·Jt:dil!1r Branch· should . j : : Nould have to ali1~t. T~ey

~ . wt!h:l)ute» briel letter• from ~aden -oli tol)lcal ·1ubJecl1.i I flf'~· Vi 111 . .. . ., ... • · : preferre4 to pay a lpt and ahght _ -. --· ~ . . ' ~ - co1111ldered· for publication only if they carry tht" wriln··i; •d tbr' · t· · ' 10 .kilometres' away · but reach

~- .-cd:._,...:, . . . lliil{llllhU'e lllld OOX llUIDber; not nece11arfly for publication but 11i; II avo1 . ea s .·', . ', home · rather -than remain and ·~draith.Thepaper~erve1tberighttoshorte~!l'~h'n.:, , , . , . J(!dge, ;, : , . .. ; · . -, .. ,

·..____:_.-----~- - . · I was amused to rea~-th~ state• ,,· If t)lat 18~w.1t 18 10mg to be ··-·- ---~!!.t_by the Mombasa Kapu then individuals : and com-

--...,,,q_h~Sh300 l_~vy. m'unitiea should be. ·ven · he • : ,~ . . -·--