NOAA Coral Reef Watch Elevated nutrients The Reefs are Changing.
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Transcript of NOAA Coral Reef Watch Elevated nutrients The Reefs are Changing.
![Page 1: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Elevated nutrients The Reefs are Changing.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062808/56649dd35503460f94aca643/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Elevated nutrients
The Reefs are Changing
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1959
1988
1998
Photos by Gene Shinn (USGS)
What does it look like?
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Balance in the Reef
Corals StructureAlgae fix inorganic material (C; N)Fish keep algae in check
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A “Healthy” Reef
St. John USVI - Dennis Hubbard
ZooxanthellaeMaricopa Community College
Zooxanthellae•live in coral tissue•photosynthesize•need light•provide “food” for corals
Background: see http://serc.carleton.edu/eslabs/corals/index.html
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A “Unhealthy” Reef
Grand Bahama Island Dennis Hubbard
St. Thomas USVI – Dennis Hubbard
To many algae:• elevated nutrients• too few fish• shade out corals• block larval settlement
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Classifying Impacts
• Top Down• Bottom Up
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Fish & Urchins •graze on algae•Keep reef surface “clean”• algae shade corals (light)• algae take up space (recruitment)
•Problems:• Overfishing• Diseases (urchins)
St. John USVI – Dennis Hubbard
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![Page 10: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Elevated nutrients The Reefs are Changing.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062808/56649dd35503460f94aca643/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Classifying Impacts
• Top Down• Bottom Up
![Page 11: NOAA Coral Reef Watch Elevated nutrients The Reefs are Changing.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062808/56649dd35503460f94aca643/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
This
leads to
This
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In the Caribbean……
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The “Healthy” Reef
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From this……
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to this!!
• too few fish• too many nutrients• both
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ConceptualModel
MathematicalModel
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CoralReefs in Netlogo
• Mathematical Simulation• Free• Runs on both Mac and PC
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CoralReefs in Netlogo
Download & Install Program:• http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/download.shtml Download Model:• CoralReefs-V5.1.nlogo• Your instructor will give you a locationDouble-click model file to start (see Handout 2)