No. 13. SEPTEMBER, 1908. Vo!. XIII.

SOUTH PLACE MAGAZINE

Contents PAG E .

SUMMARIES OF SUNDAY MORNING DISCOURSES D~LIVERED AT SOUTH PLACE CHAPEL . .... . . . 203

SOME QUESTIONS- VEXED AND VEXING! .. ...... . 206 ] . H .

NOTES AND COMMENTS ... . .. . . . . . . . . . . ___ .... _ . . . . 212

THE OTHER SIDE OF TRUTH .. .. _ ...... . __ .. . ..... 214

CORRESPONDENCE _ ......... . .... - - . .. - .... __ . . . . . . . 215 Indefinite Sentences. Moral Education Congresl.

NOTICES .... . ... .. - - - . - ... . . - . .. .. . . . . . - .. . _ ... _ . . .. 218

Monthly , 2d., o K 2~ . 6d . PI',; R A N NUM I PO S T F R Po ,.~.

jLonbon :

SOUTH PLACE E THICAL SOCIETY, FINSBURY, E.C. A. & H. B . BONNE R , 1 & 2 TOOK'S CO URT , FU RNIVAL STRE ET. E .C .

.- erVlces commence at 11 a.m. aay ormng instead of 11.15 a .m.

. ............... --------~'outh Place Chapel & Institute, Finsbury, E.C.

Object of the Society. "The object oC the Society is the cultivation of a rational

religious seDtiment, the study of ethical principles, and the promotion of human welfare, in harmony with advancing know ledge.'

SEPTE:MBER, 1908.

The fol/olViI,!: DISCOURSES will be delivel'ed 0/1 SIIIIday mOll/jugs, Se/vice beltilllliul! at 11 <1.1/1

'Sept. 6.-HERBER'f BU RROWS. - TAe Little Things of Life. A tb I 1. How alt tbings In a whole do weav~ and blend ...

n ems 2. ODe by onc the sands art~ lIowing ... . .. H . \ No. 2. Tbere's life abroad ! from each gre£n tree

}mns I. '0.15. Earth, of man the bounteous mother

Mo!arl. Srln ••

Sept. t3.-SHORT MEMORIAL SERVICE to Mr. ALFRED MARSH, with address by Mr. jOSEPH M cCABE. To be followed by the usual discourse-The Position of Roman Catholicism .

A hIt. Beneath 'his starry arch (No. 202) E/i:a Flo!"". nt ems 2. The cloud capped tOWers (NO.2 IG.) Slcv", •.

1 :':0. So. Work it Is tby highest mission

Hymns No . 60. He liveth long, who liveth well Sept. .o.-jOHN A. HOBSON, M.A.-The Unpopularity of Peace

Anthems l~: m\~e~~ ~ ~~l~'esaid m~~ ... ::: ... ...

l No. '7· All ofiering to tbe ! hrlne o f power

Movements. Collel.

T1'Ousstllt.

Hymns No 72. I hard th e bells on Cbristu,as Day Sept .• ? - jOHN M. ROBERTSON, M .P.-Persona l and Public Ethics. , I Nigbt an d rest... . ... .

Anthems l 1. The little fountain fiows ... ... 2. We live by deeds, not years .. .

I No. 31. All arollnd u s, fai r with nowpr~ Hymns No. 99. Be true to every IOInOst th ough t

lI'all/ICW. Mmddsso/ ....

Slred/ock.

SUNDAY SCHOOL. The Children meet at Armfid cl's Hotel opposite ti,e CHAPEL every Sunday morning, at

, 1,15, and their lesson is given dllrlng tb e dlscollrse. ~lembers and friends wisbing their ,children to attend the school are requested to communicate with the Secretary.

Sept. 6.-M,s. LISTER. 11 13.-~fr. W . VARIA N'. H Htllldavs, Giant's Causeway." ,. 20.-Music and Recit'ltions by the Children. " 27.-To be announced.

The Children's Library ill lhe class room over lbe Vestry is open every Sunday morning belo,t: and after tb e servicfj

Hon. Librarian: Miss AN NLE PRY. Visitors bllnglng children lo the Sunday ~Iorulllg services are cordially Invited to allo"

{hem to attend th e Children'S lesson. -------V/silOls 'lie I!lvi/ed tJ oblaill ;lIjOllllllllOII Hg,"dl1lg lite Society ill the Libr<IIY 011

S'lIId"y mOJ·IIIII/1S. A Collectioll is lIlade lit Ihe close of each Service 10 ellable Visitors to cOlltribute to

the expertses of the Society. The Chapel Is licensed for Marriages. CyclIsts deSll/llg /0 at/eud the SeJvices ale illJolmed that tile Committee have

'lIatie all'/IIII:CIIlert/S lor hOl/sillK their 'lIachilles ill tile basemml. Arrangements can be l11ude lor the conduct of Fnneral Servlc .. on applica_

tion to the Secretory. MEMBERSHIP.

Any person in sympathy with the Object of tbe Society, subscribing tbe application form for lIIembershlp, and .,aying for a slulng. is lhereby constituted a Member of the Society. Those Members only who are twenty·one years of .ge or upwards, wllose names have been twelve months upon the Icgisler, and wbose seat rt:nts for the previous quarter have been paid, shall be qualified to vote and to hold office.-Exl,ac/ /'0111 the RI/I ...

Slttlngs I\lay be obtallled upon applicatton In the Library, o r to Mr. GEORGE CATHERALL, South Place Chapel, Hon. Registrar of lVIembers and Associates. prices varying from IS . to 10S. per quarter. Persona under 21 are charged half the usual rate ••

Fellowes, A. Foreman, Emile Gilmer, Robert G,.im~on, Hamilton Harty, Ferdinand Weist Hill, T. E. Weist Hill, Claude Hobday, Joseph Holbrooke, lIugo Bundt, Eli Hudson, W. G. James, Charlton I{eith, James Lockyer, Paul Ludwig, Edward Mason, B. Palterson Parker, vVilliam H . Petlit, J. Preuveneer~, Jacques Renard, John Saunders, Achille Simonetti, JlJaurice Sons, Ernest Tomlinson, Arthur Trew, Gerald \Valenn, Richard H. vValthew, Waldo Warner, J. Haydn Waud, S. L. Wertheim, Hans Wesst!ly, W. E. Whilehouse, Henry J. Wood, Charles Woodhouse, George Yates, Ernest Yonge, Louis Zimmermann.

Vocalists.-Miss Ethel Bevans, Miss Edilh Cl egg, Madame Mary Grey, Jlliss Grainger Kerr, Miss Kate Holbrook, Miss Mary Lund, Miss Agnes Nicholls, Jlldlle. de St. Andre, Madame Eleanor Cleaver Simon, Miss Jenny Tag-g-art, Mrs. Nora Osborne Williams, Mr~. Henry J. Wood. Messrs. Gerald Alien, Frederic Au~tin, Hubert Bromilow, Gordon Cleather, vVilfrid Cunliffe, Plnnket Greene, William Higley, Denis O'Sullivan, Charles Saunders, lngo. imon.

Accompa7lists.-Miss Aida Blackmore, Miss Mary Burgess, Mrs. Frascr Henry, Miss A. M. Jones, Jlliss Anriol Jones. Messrs. Hamilton Harty, Charlton Keith, Frederick B. Kiddle, Carlton Mason, John Pointer, ]oseph Speaight, Richard H. Walthew, Waiter Wiltshire, Henry J. Wood.

IDr. Balance brought forward Colleclions and Donations Reserved Seats ... Programmes Piano Leltings & Sundries

CASH ACCOUNT. £ s. d. a:r. 5 II 6 Artists' Fees

170 13 I Printing, Stamps, and 5 I 3 0 Stationery 37 5 I Piano and Attendance 3 13 6 Adverlisements

Rent and Lighting Balance in hand

£ LJ2

4 I

18 II

SI I

s. d. 16 0

7 IO

11 II

I.~ 0

T5 0

18 S ----£268 6 2 £268 6 2

Examined a.nd found correct, April '23rd, I!)OS.-\V. E. CtTAMP10N.

Committee for the Twenty-Third Season, 1908 1909. f\.1'iss ARKLAY, l\[rs. E. BLACKUURN, S. nRl!1iSJ-:NDES, G. Buss, F. \V. CANNING, G.

CATIIERALL, F. CRESSWELL, E. CUNNINGH.AM t l\1iss ll. ~L FAJRIIAI.L, F. GU.JT, I\Jiss GOIJLTl, H R. GdWlSO, C. HANSELMANN, B.]. Kt-:NSIT, Miss F. LTnSTosl~, MISS H. LU)STUNI', E. LII I S, C· E. LJ8TT~R, ~fi8S M. PrTTs, C. SU1WWRINQ, P. SJiELLORN, G. A. STONE, C. TAIT, \V. VAHIAN, E. WILLIAMS, and T. R. WRIGIIT (Chairmal/).

EX-Officio: F. M. OVERY, W. RAWLINGS, Mrs. C. F. SMITH. Hall. Treas.: FRANK A. !IAWKI~S, 13 Thurlow Park i{u,d, Oulwich, S.E. HOI/. Sec.: ALFRED J. CLEMeNTS, 25 Camdcn Road, N.W.

The TWENTY-THIRD SEASON will begin on Sunday, Oct. 4th, 1908, with the 518th Concert, when the following Artists

will appear In a

SPECIAL BRAHMS CONCERT. Clarinet 1st Violin .. . 2nd Violin .. . Violn ... Violoncello .. . PIa.noforte .. . Vocalist

l\[r. CHARLES DRAPER. Mr. JOHN SAUNDERS. Mr. CHARLES WOODHOUSE. Mr. ERNEST YONGE. Mr. J. PREUVENEERS. Mr. RICHARD H. WALTHEW. Mr. J. CAMPBELL McINNES.

The Programme will include the Clarinet Quintet; the Pianoforte Quintet; thl> Sonata in E flat for Clarinet and Pianoforte; and the Zigeunerlieder, to be sung

by Mr. J. Campbell Mclnnes.

IDoors open at 6.30 p.llt. a:ollcerts begin at 7 o'cloclt. ADMISSION FREE, WITH COLLECTION.

TRANSFERABLE TICKET, admitting to RESERVED SEATS for Hnlf Season from Qct. 4th to Dec. 20th, inclusive. 2'6 (or 3/6 including Programme weekly by PODt).

Progra",m.s bo,t iTer TV,chi)" 1/6 for Half Seasol/.

Orchestral Concert by South Place Orchestra, Sunday, nllrch 28th. NQTE.-No Concert on December 27th.

For Advertisements of the Concerts see 11 The Dally Telegraph" every Saturday. KI~xs" & Co .. Trade Union Printer., 2S Camdcn Ro.ld, London, N.W.

SOUTH PLACE MAGAZINE . No. 13. Vol. XIII. SEPTEMBER, 1908. • d. Monthly.

2&. fid per annum, poat. frre .

(The writels 0/ A rtides appearing in tltis Magazl/le are alolle respoIIslOle / Jr thc oPiltiolls thereill cxpresseti.)

SUMMARIES OF SU DAY MORNING DISCOURSES DELIVERED AT SOUTH PLACE CHAPEL.

J LV J 2TH: "PA:-i-AKGLl .\:-/S . " Bv J. A. HOBSOK, M.A. (Readings: Article from GlIardioll: "Pan-Anglican Congres ."

Richard Heath's "Captive City of God.") 1\10 t of this congregation were brought up outside the

'Church of England, and haye doubtless looked upon it a on ome other institutions a being great, solid, and respectable.

It was not so with me. My father was a churchwarden, and I remember t hat he walked out of church becau e the clergyman wore a white surplice in tead of a b lack gown: that was a symptom of the change known as Anglicanism, then comino­over the Church. The present year's \\!orld-Congress hows the extent of that change. It i worth while to con ider this important gathering of 250 Bi hops, clothed ",ith magi al power, authority, and truth, including power to forgive ins; repre nting the large t of the schisms from Catholic Chri ten­dom. The main question is the persistence of this separation . 1 Christianity moving to unity or diversity?

The main uses of the Pan-Anglican Congress appear to be to di u differences and to preserve the appearance of unity; mere controversialists being unconsciously kept under. It was necessarily of an unrepresentatiYe character: the mode of selec­tion of d legates results in the more earne t, the keener, and those with strong moti"es being selected. The Congress wa cap­tur d by a rtain ection of persons professing to hold views on social questions-and this a counts for the liberal tone in the di. cussions. It was a urprise to outsiders; no longer the Bible and Prayer-book, but the circumstances and xperience of life; and xtreme men roared as gently as any su king dove.

It i difficult to ascertain how the Church of England, or any section of it, really regards science. It appears to a c pt the Higher Criticism. If this is so, it is in conformity with the general tendency of eccle iastical institutions. The Dean of Denvcr felt sure that real sci nce and the Bible were in harmony.

The la k of central authority at these Pan-Anglican Con-

grcssc i felt. If it were possible, the ee of Canterbury '''ould be exalted to the dignity of a patriarchate. But it i probable that thc .\nglican Churches in the United States of America and in the Colonic would re i t the spiritual dominion of Canterbury as they would that of Rome. There is a great differcncc in evcry respcct in the view point of Bishops in Eng­land from thosc of thc Colonies and the tates.

On the qucstion of the union of the Church cs, whether to Rome, or from Rome to the other Protestant Churches, we note that the endeavour towards Rome appear to be a pathetic failure, the pride of race pre,·enting it. Almost as difficult in l:ngland is union with the N'onconformi ts. There is a ocial difficulty; the Rector will not din with the v\'esleyan mini ter owing to the difficulty of de cending ; such social stratification make it impo ible to secure union in our generation.

Loosene of view ma querading as broad·mindedness wa noticeable. There was an e,·ident dcsire to establish more generous feelings to,,·ards and to acknowledge the peoplc of other Chri tian and non-Christian Churches, and to recognise the fa t that power over conduct is sccured by the preccpts and practices of othcr religions.

The conspicuous intcr t in 0 ial question relating to the bctterm nt of the working clas es, swcating, crimc, divorce, ('tc., di closed amiable, generous, re,·olutionary platitudes, but ne'·er reaching bed-rock principle. Christian So ialists are necessarily prevented from dealing with these problems in a c ientific manner. The spirit of ju ti e mu t direct our thinking

in the c matters. Too many fundamental principle arose during the discu _

ion, and the difficulty of bringing th e tome practical point was apparcnt. Behind all this enthusiasm wa the great solid con crvative mas whi h is alien in spirit from the p ople of England . This fact stultifies th enthusiasts and shO\\'s that they do not represent the bulk of chur hgoincy :\nCYlican. Re­form i hampered by property, ocial, and other inter . ts. Even the United tates reproduced the e re pectabl notions that urround the Anglican Church. If this opinion appears drastic,

let us note what wa llot said. Tot a word a to martial law in Zulu land, nor as to the attempt to cru h the native Churche there. The Anglican Church in Conrrre s doe not m an busi­ne , and this was very evident when Secular Edu ation was di cu cd. Much attention wa given to the questions of l\f arriage and Divorce. Mr. Ru sell's opinions were very strong, but they undoubtedly represent the general views of the Church.

A general conclusion is difficult to arrive at. Unity in diversity wa the ideal aimed at, but it was not attained. \\'hat a tragi -comedy it is! There is a special spiritual officer

2 0 5

of health appointed by law: his office' might become most \"aluable if properly-trained and ympathetically-minded men were employed. As a rule, the clergyman of the Church of England i of an excellent moral nature,- kind, with knowledge - but of an education which prevents him from being used in the best intere ts of the community. Ile is influenced by the spirit of the past, instead of the experience of the life around him. He rests his claims on tradition and authority instead of on moral and spiritual science. The result i that he is losing his influence over men e\'ery day.

JULY 26TH: "IMPERIALISM, EMPIRE, ANI) PEA E."

By HERBERT BURROWS.

The en. uing week would see in London the se\"enteenth annual meeting of the International Pea c Congress. On the previou day there had taken place the funeral of a real soldier of peace, Sir Randal Cremer, LP., who all o"el' the world had been honourably known and esteemed as the untiring ad"ocate of arbitration among nations and fraternity among mankind. The term" oldieI' of pace" is justifiable, for the word soldier need not always have its \\'or t meaning, that of killing. In the manifestation of life two forces are apparent, one to pull down and destroy, the other to uplift and preserve, and the strenuous. worker in the latter direction ha a real title to the nobler mean­ing of soldier.

ir ,V. R. Cremer was also an apostle of peace-the bringer of good news and the ad\'o ate of concord. All his life he was faithful to one idea, 'that it is better for men to li\' in fraternity and peace than in quarrelling and antagonism- better to help each other than to kill each other.

That is the great issue between Imperialism and Empir , and Peace. It has been the is ue of the ages, seemingly simple hut overwhelmingly important. It is really the is ue betwee~ barbarism and true progress. Men are slow to see this. The pomp and circum tance of war, rifle and bayonets, cocked hats, epaulettes, and feathers, which are really but children's toys if seen aright, are often looked on a commendable and even noble, while the pick and th shoyel are regarded as menial and degrading. Men ready to kill each other are lauded as heroes, \\'hile those who would help ~ch .other by simple, honest work are often despi ed. The soldIer IS rewarded with medals and g-Iory, while the worker is neglected.

This difference aris s mainly from a conflict between two ideas, the Imperial,' so- alled patriotic idea, which by unthink­ing people is . regarded as the broad one, and that which is looked on as limited and narrow, because it concerns itself with the principles on which States should be built, rather than on

206

the outer form of their extension. The latter i essentially the peace idea. This i abundantly illustrated in the historic growth of tate and Empires. Immediately the idea of aggres ion arises, coupled with the growth of a more complex civilisation, there comes the differentiation of function. The old sIn \" C idea of manual production being degrading is emphasised, side by sid with the enhancemcnt of war as a profession. Peace tcnds to have an ignoble, almost slavish, signification, while war and its attendant circum tance arc corre pondingly glorified. In former times the external strength of a State often had to depend on mercenary armie , and to the soldier naturally f 1l the reward. An ient history i full of examples, and to-day in England the oldier is a mercenary becau e he i hired to kill.

If viewed rightly, the true peace idea is a much broadcr and more permanent one than that of war. Even in peaceful times thc crushing burden of warlike establishment tends not to the pre ervation, but to the disintegration of tate. The only true grounds of real human progre. s are frat rnity and con ord among men and nations. That desired time is not yet, but the efforts of all lovers of humanity should be onstantly directed to that end. An international u pension of armament at least should be striven for, and then simultaneous di armamcnt, \ ith continual arbitration and per. istent peace ducation of the nation. Aboye all, the young should be taught p.eac rather than war.

Ouc ancestor tpre each other in their wrath-wc In our so-called civilised way still pour out human life with bullet and with word. One day m n will be wise, and in pIa e of the soldier we shall have the true citizen, in place of the annon the plough. Thousands of years ago it was hoped that swords would bc turned into ploughshare and spear into pruning hooks. The time will surcly come when over the earth th re shall spread such a wave of pea e and goodwill that t her shall be no steel for spear bayonet, or . word, for it will all have been used for implement of pea e in tead of instruments of de. truetion and death.

OME QUE TION -VEXED A~D VEXING!

TilE fifteenth Earl of Derby, student of many things and Cabinet finister, on of and sue e or to the Rupert of Debate who was some time PI'emier, once declared, when a possible war loomed on the politi al horizon, that the greatest British interest wa peace. He did not mean peaee-at-any-price- a 'Condition which none but the straite t followers of George Fox and Tolstoy (and certainly not Cobdcn) would a ept; but pace

207

with honour - a term with which the <ruthor of modern Im~ perialism, Lord Beaconsfield, of old made us all familiar. The' idea might, howc'-e r, well be amplified by saying that the greatest interest of humanity is peace. -

Benjamin Franklin is credited with the adage that there never was a good war nor a bad peace. But it is not un­common to hear in times of national stress and passion multi­tudinou voices, both shrill and raucous, declaring that there are worse things than war. John \Vesley described war as being the sum of all human miseries; so that jf there be worse things, th y must fortunately be few and rare.

* * * That same fifteenth Earl of Derby, when addressing a public

meeting, was interrupted by the heckling- remark that his father (the then Premier) held a different opinion from that just ex­pressed by the noble speaker. Lord Stanley (as he then was) gravely replied that there was no one whose judgment he had greater re pect for than his father's, when he was well in­formed. He added, "unfortunately he never is well informed." If the tory be not true, it is certainly bell trovato.

* * * It is this not being well inform~d which leads to imaginings,

inventings, and the readily accepting of lying scares and cock­and-bull stories, that in the aggregate work so much mischief. Many people will greedily swallow purple newspaper paragraphs and sen. ational leadin a articles who will not take any trouble to read tate papers or other authentic documents, though freely a cessible. .lust as hypochondriacs are paradoxically said fo delight jn being miserable, so multitudes seem to take a singular pleasure in contemplating that mutual bloodshed and slaughter termed war. It is a strange factor in human nature!

* * * A the demand produces the supply, we ha"e yellow and

gutter journals to pander to, and profit by, this general weak­ness or vice. And, sad to say, they are aided at times by those from whom better things are expected. Just now there is what seems a wide pread movement for the purpose, jf possible, of provoking war with Germany. Publicists such as Mr. Arnold White, Mr. H. M. Hvndman, and Mr. Robert Blatchford, are among these mischief-mongers, strange to say. And the vehemence of some of their a sertions is as strong as the evi­dence upon " 'hich they are ba ed is weak. A sort of hysteria seems of late to be sporadic, and threatens to become epidemic from con tant repetition and suggestion. Learned alienists are agreed that hysteria involves lying on the part of those so afflicted. Xot conscious lying, of Course; but a mendacity, the result of a ort of mental colour-blindness. These alarmists have their upporters not merely in the yellow and gutter Press,

208

but even in the more reputable journals. An obse sion, in fact, se m to have taken possession of some minds that Germany deliberates a econd inva ion and conquest of England, and under a econd William- he of Germany. That the German Emperor, at the head of tremendous military resource, has so far during his r ign not once gone to war, goes for nothing.

o doubt the e alarmists believe he has been saving himself up, so to speak, with his vast army, for this onc colossal enterpri e!

* * .lE-

The following extract taken from a re ent issue of a pro­minent London Sunday paper is typi al of the kind of stuff whi h does duty as evidence and reasoning on this ubject. 'ays the writer ;-

"Thrice since 186~ we h~Lve seen neighbouring nations struck to the ground by an adversary after a prolonged period of prep:tration. ] have recently studied on the spot the evidence that the hand which struck at Denmark, at Au,tria, and at France, is getting ready to strike at England. The only difference is that the preparations for the attack on England have so far advanced that the time ha~ coml' for diplomatic inquiries by Great Britain a' to their meaning. It is understood in European Chancelleries that tbe Emperor \\,illiam will him 'elf command. and that the movement of German fl cl' and troops will be directed by His Majesty. He is getting on in life, and if he wishes to command in person , it will be difficult to delay much longer. The year 1914 is the date beyond which further respite for our peace-Io\'ing nation will not probably extend. The Emperor William is in the po ition of Japoleon in hi zenith. Between hi~ desire and the dominion of the world stand only the Britih people." There is not a sentence in the abo\'e ",hi h does not hal­lenge dra tic comment. Just as some penny-a-liners arc redited ,,,ith in\'enting copy when r portable incident are care, .0

on:! may su pect that c rta in more promin nt journalist. use their imagination in supplying acceptabl copy to their editors. The above screed is, thel'cfore, worth some detail d exami-nation.

* * * It \\'a . 1101 the same hand which in J 86+ truck do\\n Den­

mark. Pru . ia and Austria jointly took possession of . ch les­wig-JIolstein. It wa a complicated ca. e of disputed succes-

ion in \\hich all thl'e' nations were onrerncd. l\gr ement not suc eeding, force wa employed, as in other instanc's galore. Then Pru sia, two years later, to put an cnd to the ri\'alry for the h >adship of Germany which for about a couple of centuries had subsisted br·t \\'(;en those t,,'o Powers, attack d "\u tria, and at the end of the famou scyen weeks' cnmpaign­thank largely to her nn ne 'dIe-gun ej cted "\ustria from Germany.

* * .i\1I this \\as a logi al political and racial de\CJopment. I\S

209

:to the third "attack," that on France in'I870, the bulk of the evidence publi hed since that war points to the Empress of the French as the person who, more than all other of his advisers, ,precipitated the Emperor into his disastrous declaration of war against Pru sia. It proved a blunder, as it wa also a crime. ]t supplied the last stage for Germany's unification. Ko doubt Bismarck and his colleagues foresaw the war, eagerly awaited it, and even, so to say, fi hed for it. But there is no evidence to show that Germany would ever have declared war on France. The German "May Laws," which affected the Prussian Catholics, are said to have supplied the motive for the Empress Eugenie' animus against Germany .

* * * ays thi gifted scribe:" I haye recently tudied on the. pot

the eyidence, etc., etc." Unlike l\Ir. '~·eJler, he may be able to see through a deal or other door. Pos ibly he was concealed up the chimney of the apartment in which the Emperor 'YilJiam -confers with his naval and military chiefs. Po ibly, also, he beered and wined in some public garden with soldiers in some German garrison town. His wonderful power of analysis and insight is shown by an earlier remark that at a certain German harbour are, or were, a number of float suitable for disem­barking troops. By an exhaustiye examination of nation after nation, he concludes that these float can, and must, be intended for the invasion of England, and for that purpose only. That a 'warlike, powerful nation uch a Jermany would not consent to be minus anything connected with the art of war, and thus be unprepared for any and every po ible contingency evid ntly did not enter into that rather pretentious scribe's philosophy!

* * * It i understood in European Chancelleries, we are sagely

told, that the Emperor 'Yilliam, like he of Tormandy, will head this invasion. Yes, yery likely! By some of the chancellerie ' ~harwomen or coal-carriers, it may be deyoutlv believed. How th Emperor and his clI /o llrage, ",ith all other ober-minded Germans, must laugh if they read the piffle just quoted. These hare-brained chatterers of irresponsible (and mischie\'ous) fri ­volity overlook the greate. t reas?n of all why Germany, even if '. he were piratically inclined, 15 not likely to try such an inva ion. II would b the signal for France to make \\'ar, so as to recover h r two 10 t pro"ince. , Al ace and Lorraine. The eizur of these by crmany in 1870-7J, while held to be in­

dispen able to Germany 's military se urity, at the same time went far to bind her to k 'ep the European peace. .\ga in, during the Boer \\'ar, \\hen Great Britain was denud d of troops, and she was an object of scorn to the i\'ilised world~

210

the attitude of Germany towards us was as <, correct" as that of any of the other great Powers.

* * * It is a strange feeling, unavowed and perhaps not generally

under tood, that of the bold Briton-God' Englishman, as Mr. Stead curiously term him-which makes him exhibit himself as the Boss of the globe. The profound pundit, ju t quoted, in his remark that between the German Emperor and his (imputed) de ire to dominate the ·world thcre stands onlv the British people, who, it i implied, already ·hold the job; typifies that feeling. The doctrine of the Primacy of France in Europe, which for many geneI·ation was accepted by French statesmen of all parties, was an evil both to France and her neighbour. "·c seem, of late especially, to have developed that doctrine into a tacit claim to the Primacy of the whole earth! The old doctrine of the balance of power is no longer a\"owcd, but none th le_ s the pirit which underlies it is permancnt. elf-prescr­,ation would impel, under ccrtain circumstances, any of the Great Power to make common cause with another, a contin­gcncy apparently unthought of by some of our publi instruc­tor ·who claim to know all about foreign Governments' secret moti,·cs and intentions. One is thus reminded of the hakes­peal·ian advice to

"Get thee glass eye , And like a scurvy politician, Seem to sce thc things thou dost not."

* * * But in the midst of all this sini ter, oral and printed, actI"Ity

at mischief-making between two friendly nations, it may be a ked: What are the ministers of religion doing? Are they not seeking peace and en uing it, by appeals to the best, and not the worst, in their flocks? Alas! we hear little or nothing of it. And yet now is the time for their activity, and the duty is one of perfect obligation. Looking back only a few years, what a humiliating spe tacle we recall. The banjo lyrics of the Jingo poet, Kipling, w re coupled with an Archbishop's ditto in the sedate Times! E tablished clerics were dumb dogs when they did not glorify the war, thinking more of ociety (with a big" "), and po sible preferment, than the etcrnal principles of justice and truth. Unestablished ministcrs were much the same-with the excuse, howc\"er, that thcir misguided flocks -could stop their salaries and their mouths . These things do not encourage one to hope that our spiritual guides will now scck to emulate the example of the eers and prophets of old, by withstanding either ,,,ickedne s in high places or madness on the part of the multitude. Thc people mu t thus saye thcm­selvcs, if they are to be sa \·cd.

2II

It is ugge. tive, and were the subject not so grim and terrible, it ,,'ould be di\'erting to collate some statements by di tinguished ecclesia tics and politicians a to the last analysis of the causes of this contemplated war, The Bishop of London some time ago, and other tremendous eccle iastical personages, then and since, both individually and at Pan and other Con­gresse , ha\'e been lecturing and censuring the English people becallse they do not maintain a high birth-rate, These ultra cultured per onages seem to ha\'e curious notions as to popula­tion, For them, it seem, l\Talthus never li\'ed! And unlike other animals, the human animal can, and hould,' simply increase and multiply, world without end! True it is that in these favoured isles about twenty of their forty-three millions are unpro perous-in fact, poor; that about a million are un­employed, and that all the igns show a congested rather than a spar. e population, But " 'hat of that to them? It is a strange obsession on the part of university-bred men-presumably scholars and thinkers-to pres ribe a regimen of fasting for a ~tan 'ing man or more food for one suffering from repletion. Such, however, is one result of univer ity culture-under clerical contr 1.

* * * 11r. Arnold \\'hite, howe\'er, rudely flutters the e ecclesias­

t ical do\'ecote by saying bluntly, iuter alia :_ "Ge rmany' policy is dictated not by wickedness nor by ambition,

but by the millIon cradles that are almually £[)ed by hungry babies." Oh! lerical phra emonger, what of this? Is it not remi­ni. ent of those olden time when hungry hordes of barbarians swept e\'erything before them, killing and ravaging, in quest of food- their incr ase in number being imply on the ub-human animal plane? "-hat, again, is th ost of this high birth-rate, so much desired by you, in old countries? It is, firstly, a high death-rate. . econdly" war, wholesale IT!urder disguised under \"ariou speciou . euphemisms. One may assume that the Ger­man lergy and pastors al 0 preach this gospel of super­abundant f cundity, and complacently await the" rattling good war," which in the days of our grandfathers was hailed by some patriot (on the make, mo tl)') as a sort of British SlIlI1ll1lmt

bOllum!

* * * The Germans them eh'es ha\"e a name for this ollective

hysteria-they term it "swarmery." 'Ye see in tances of it in all great movements, especially in great political crises. Even the suffragette agitation supplies illustrations. "More than 300

worn n ha\'e been imprisoned by the Government," ex laim !-tom of th ir speakers. Not one has so suffered. The poli e have a ted in their ca es the same as in any other disturbances. "\Ve are but following men's examples in speaking at political

212

meetings and heckling there," they say. But men's interrup­tions at such meetings are due, mainly at least, to challenging tatements from the platform, which naturally elicit counter

remarks . Who has ever heard of men going from meeting to m eting, all ovcr the country, for the sole purpose of ejacu­lating a particular "cry," or asking a special question, in any political cru ade? This, of course, is quite apart from anything as to the merits or demerits of the campaign for women'­suffrage.

* * * It behoves particularly members of a body such as an

Ethical Society, who reject supcrnatural sanctions, to be specially on their guard to avoid the besetting errors and vices of unthinking multitude . For them especially i needed the counsel of Jesu ' to bc as wise as serpents and as harmless as doves. If, in rejecting orthodoxy and supernaturali m, they are neither better nor wor e than the many credulous, ill-informed, swayed by passion, prejudice, and animal impulses, they may as well abandon any claims to culture, humanism, and en­lightenment. It is better to make no profession at all, rather than to betray it either by positive hypocri y or negatiye con­ycntionalism. Not only hould thc personal equation alway be -guarded against, but the national equation also. The tupid taunt that in so doing one proves on's self to love a nother country better than one' own is on a par with the equa ll} stupid parrot cries when one pleads for justice and consider­ation for other peoples. "Little Englander,» "Pro-Boer," "Traitor" are terms of mere abuse which only disgrace the criers, 'whose moral degradation they ind icate. ]. H .

NOTES AND COMMENTS.

THE First International 1\Ioral Edu ation Congre s to be held .at the University of London, Imperial In titute Road, outh Kensington, on eptember 25th-29th, is to be of a thoroughly international character. Altogether there are to be 141 paper, 84 in English, 29 in Fren h, and 2 in German . The e papers havc been writtcn by 73 Englishmen, IS Frenchmen, 16 G r­mans, 9 Belgians, 9 Hungarians,s wis, 4 Austrians, 3 Amcri­cans, 3 Dane, 2 Italians, and I Dutchman. 1\10 t of the papcr are to appear in volume form before the Congress meet. Thir­te n Education Ministers are patrons of the Congress. The Chinese Department of Education abled re ently its heartiest sympathy with the aims of the Congre. ing-ularly enough, while the Prussian Mini ter of Education cannot see his 'way to send dclegate , his colleaguc, the l\Iinistcr of Trade, i sending

21 3

t wo of the highest officials. Of the ten chairmen, not Icss than ·s::ven are distinguished foreigners, the English oncs being Lord Avebury, ir ';YiIJiam Anson, aQd the Rev. Dr. Gow. The vice-presidents hail from seventeen countries, and as many ·-co untries are being cam'assed by native secretaries.

In our" Notes and Comme.nts" last month (p. 198) it was suggested as an argument agamst the Prevcntion of Crime Bill that under it a Freethinker convicted four times of blasphemy would run thc ri k of being- kept in prison until he had satisfied the chaplain that he honcstly intended to abstain from blasphcmy in the future . Our attention has since bcen caIJcd to the schedule to the Bill, which reads as foIJows ;-

"Thc exprcssion C crime' means, in England and Ireland, any felony, or the offence of uttering false or counterfeit coin , or of possessing counterfeit gold or silver coin, or the offence of obtain­ing goods or money by fal e pretences, or the offence of conspi racy to defraud, or any misdemeanour under the fifty-elghth section of the Larceny Act, J 861." j\ s blasphemy is not one of the off cncc specifically ref errcd to in this dcfinition, and is not mentioncd in Section 58 of the Larceny Act, 1861, and is not a felony, it is clear that no person convicted of that offence could bc detained under the powcrs proposcd to be conferred by the Prcyention of Crime Bill.

'Vc learn from the Literal'), Guide that 1V1rs_ Scott, daughter of thc erstwhile Secularist lecturer, Mrs. Annie Besant, has been re ci\'cd into the Roman Catholic Church. This is interest­ing news to tho e who have long thought that to that samc

-Church Mrs. Besant herself is dcstined by her temperament sooner or later to bclong. Indeed, her repudiation of rea on has already gone far cnough to satisfy the most dogmatic Roman Catholic. The state of mind of a person who can say that it is right to believe in a human entity apart from the body, in spite of arguments which appear to the believcr himself logically unanswerable, is of coursc exactly that of the devout Catholic who bclieves in all the absurdities of the Church's crced because it is the Church's creed . 'Ve are not here pa sing judgment on th question of the existence or non-exist nce of a spiritual part in man; that is a matter of inference from thc c\'idcncc, on "'hich opinions ma~' legitimately diffcr. 'Vhat "'c objcct to is the arbitrary shuttmg out of the eyidence in the interest of "internal conyiction . "

In our January issue we re ferred to the extrcmely interesting "Fragment of an Uncanonical Go pel," edited by l\Tessrs. Gren­fell and Hunt, the indefatigable workers ",ho hal'e brollg-ht. to Jight in thc last ten years so much yaluable material [or the

214

tudy of the ancient Greek world. 'Vc then referred to the \ iew taken by the editors, that it i impo sible to regard the frag­ment as historical owin

b' to the ignorance shown of the topo­

graphy and ritual of the Temple at ]eru, al m. Of cour e, this fact in no way dimini hes th yalue of the new find for the rationalist cr itic, . ince most p ople now admit that the authors of the anonical Go pel ' also display a good d al of ignorance. Our reader, howe\"er, will be int rested in an article con­tributed by Dr. A. BLichler to the January number of the Jewish Quarterly Heview, in which he undertakes to show, with_ out being in any way concerned " with the authenticity of the fragment," ,. that tradition fully confirms the details which sound 0 incredible."

Dr. Bi.ichler goes very arefully into the whole matter, but wc will confine our.eh·es here to what appear on its face to be :Mes rs. Grenfell and Hunt's , trongest point. "The aviour" (no doubt to be identified with the Gospel Je u , though the fragment does not give him the nam ) is made to r buk "a certain Phari ee, a chief priest," in this fa hion: "Thou hast washed in these runnin rr waters wherein dogs and swine have been ca t night and day." On thi the editors comm nt that the details seem to be "invented for the sake of rhetorical effect, for that a high priest wa hed him elf in a pool of the character described in the fragment i incredible." They evidently uppo e the writer to have meant that the dead bodies of dog and wine were cast into the pool itself. Dr. BUchler's reply eems to us quite onclu i\'e. He says :-

"The water for the Temple and for all purifications came from Etam, from the so-called Pool of Solomon, S.-W. of Bethlehem. In thepeech of Jesus in our fragment he ues the phrase: ' Thou bast washed in these running waters, ' undoubtedly with a purpose. He refers to the cour e by .which the water reached Jeru alem, and he urges that this water, which the priest employs for the supreme purification. had on its long road to the Temple received many unde~ired defilement. The people in the villages through which the waler passed or at the site of the great reservoirs in Etam, cast into the water dogs and swine to wa h them. Jesus cannot have meant the dead bodies of these unclean animals, for he would not have refrained from strengthening his charge against the priest by that fact . The Jews certainly pos es. cd dogs in Palestine, but it is not 0 certain that they pos e cd swine, though Ihe prohibition to rear swine implies that the practice mu t have been not uncommon"

F. W. R.

THE OTHER IDE OF TRUTH.

EW TRUTH FOR OLD. By Robb Lawson. (The New Age Pre,~, . '40 Fleet Street. 1908. Price 2S. 6d. net.)

In his" Foreword" to this collection of essays the writer tells us that" his object was, as a student of life, to examine independently

215

the real character of certain common p<tSsions, sentiments, and opinion. In doing this, it gradually dawned upon him that what he was virtually attempting to do was to re-value certain accepted truths .. . .. Because he h;t5 star.tled into existence certain latent facts, he has labell d them new truths." "If the external side of truth is worn out, it may be well to reverse it. Its internal qual ity may help it to last out till the new garment of truth be ready."

A book of this character, ranging O\'er ~uch diver,;e subjects as, for instance, "The Futility of Speech" and "Self-Sacrifice," and therefore pre enting no connected argument, is not easy to review in a short pace; and we mu t content our eh-es with quoting a few of the author's 1P0re triking thoughts. The following repudiation of the very wide pread belief that it is the duty of the rich to give to the poor contain sc-und and much-needed teaching: ' It seems a paradox, but it is nevertheles true, that Charity creates the poor. The poverty of mind shown by the charitable, in imagining that this !>acrifice of luxuries will solve the problem of the poor is appalling. The poor divide themselves into two classes-the cla s who regard charity as their right, and those who, with shamed faces and starved bodie , are at last compeJled to seek some form of relief, knowing at the bottom of their souls they will curse this sacrifice of the piril. Until the root cause of poverty is dealt with, charity can only hinder the solution-its exi ·tcnce is an encouragement to the needy to add themselves to the ranks of charitable recipients."

The essay "On Second-Hand Minds" has this interesting bit of clothes philosophy: "For, indeed, this second-hand habit is of early birth: The fond mother. whose sense of fitne s would not permit her to clothe her child upon an original pattern, must consult th . fashion book ere she decide. It is not to be wondered at, for, in this matter of clothe, men and women are chiefly alike, with thb differ­ence, that a woman does earnestly eek out the fa hion for herself :md in truct her modiste; wheleas the man, dominated by an insis­tent tailor. ha to adopt the prevailing style, in sheer elf-defence. It may b que tioned ",h ther there i a first-hand habit in clothes. Your crank with hi rationalist costume, and bis ervile imitation of 'the rrast r' in tho e things, is really a more virulent type of the second-hand habit than the ordinary layman, because he is openly ~l' ond·hand: whereas with the layman, it is only a matter of having caug-ht the prevailing atmosphere."

The limitations of . pace forbid further quotation, and wc must refer th reader to the book itself, which, while we might be cli~posed to ('ontrovert some of its po~itions, i obviously an honest attempt to !;et out the truth as the author conceives it to be. F. W. R.

CORRESPONDENCE.

INDEFINITE SEXTENCES. To THE EDITOR.

Sir,-Although you may Dot fiud a place for this letter, perhaps Mr. J. M. Robert OD may modify his views or give 3. further explana­tion of them on reading it.

li li

216

He commences by stating (p. 191) that the Prevention of Crime­Bill cc introduces the principle of an indeterminate sentence in place of the definite sentence which is supposed to be an equivalent for a crime." As I read the Bill, instead of the words c; in place of ' we should have cc in addition to." The indefinite sentence i not to commence until the prisoner has endured the definite sentence which is supposed to be an equivalent for every crime of which he has been convicted. The indefir.ite sentence is to be added to all his definite sentences in ca'e the jury finds him to be a habitual criminal, and all these definite sentences, including the last, will have been pas ed with full knowledge of the pti oner's antecedent". Having endur d the punishment which the Judge-taking hi antecedents into con­sideration-regards as a full cc equivalent" for the crime, he i to undergo a further punishment for the good of the public. The Bill provides fir t for a vindictive punishment and then for a preventive onc. I doubt if a vindictive puni hment is justifiable under any circumstance, but what of the double punishment-give him so much because he deserves it, and so much more because the interest of the public requires it? The object of the Bill is no doubt, as Mr. Robert on said, cc to introduce a principle other than the prin­ciple of retaliation." But it is not introduced as a 5ubstitute, but as an addition. It is le hum:ll1e than retaliation, for the simple reason that it is retaliation with s01llct11i~lg added-at least, if our ordinary sentences are ba ed on the principle of retal iation, as M1'. Robertson a umes. But the fact that the "preventi"e detention" is to be an addition to the ordinary sentence, not a substitute for it, seems to ha"e escaped Mr. Robert on.

Punl hment a such has no tendency to reform anybody, and I do not find that any special acce:; to reformative agencies is to be provided for pri oners under preventive detention. The chances are con equently that they will not be reformed. But a thief locked up wher he cannot steal has no means of shuwing- whether he has reformed or not. His liberation, however, will depend on his persuadlOg the officials that he is a reformed character, and I have no belief in the success of the reformed or the failure of the unreformed in producing this belief. Mr. Robertson is, r think, in error in stating that these pri oners will be cc treated under a special sy:tem of management and control." They will be confined in ordinary prisons, attended by the ordinary officials, and under the ordinary conditions of penal servitude, ave in so far as they may be relaxed by the Home Secretary. The" special system" will thus be negative, not positive-they will be exempted from some of the ordinary con­ditions of penal servitude, and that is all. There will be no more prospect of reforming them under the new sy tern than under the old . I agree with :\11'. Robertson that there will be danger of letting them out too soon-for the protection of the public. But there will also be danger of keeping them in longer than the safety of the public requires. All depends on the correctness of judgment of the officials as to whether they have or have not reformed, as to which they can give 110 real evidence during their confinement. The most accom­plished hypocrites will get out. Men of blunter speech, who might really be trusted, will be kept in.

Truly rours, ILL-INFORMED CRITIC.

2I7

MORAL EDUCATION CONGRESS. To THE ED1TOR.

Sir, -\~'e beg leave to draw thc attention of your readers to the First International Moral Education ·Congress, to be held at the Univer~ity of London, Imperial Institute Road, South K nsington, on September 25-29th.

The Congress is bonoured by the good wishes of His Majesty the King. It meets under the patronage of thirtecn Ministers of Educa­tion, including those of England, the United States, France, Italy, Russia. Belgium. Spain, and Japan It ha al 0 for its patrons fifteen head of Colonial Education Departments: delegates ar being ~ent br many Univer ities, by all the leading Educational As.ocia­tions. and by a numbcr of Education Authonties; and, finally, the li · t of Vice-President and of the Gcneral Committee incl udcs very many of the leading edUUltionists of Europe.

Of those who are cOT,tributing p:tpers, we may mention-England: Profs. Adams, Lloyd Morgan ;'Iackcnzie, and ~luirhead j America: Profs. Adlel' and Peabod)'; Italy: Ce are Lombroso; France: Profs. Buis on, Boutroux, and Seailles; Germany: Profs. l\Iunch, Foerster. and Tonnies i Russi:t: 1\1. and Mme. Novalevsky i Hungary' Profs. Kalman and Schneller. The whole field of moral education in schools will be covered.

The following is the G n ral Programme:-1. The Principle of Moral Education. Chairman: The President. 11. Aims, l\leans, and Limitations of the '"arious Types of Schools.

Chairman: The kight Hon. Lord Avebury, F.R.S. Ill. Character-Building- by Discipline, Influence, and Opportunity.

Chairman: ~f. le Baron d'Estournelles de Con tant (Senator). I\'. The Problems of ~Ioral Instruction. Chairman; Prof. Dr.

Friedrich J odl (Univer ity of Vienna). ' -. Relation of Religious Education to Moral Education. Chair-

man: Rev. Dr. Gow (\Vestmin ter School). Special Problems. Chairman: Regierungsrat Dr. Gobat (Berne).

VI. Sy,tematic Moral In truction. Chairman: Geheimrat Prof. Dr. \\'ilhelm Foerster (Univelsity of Berlin).

The Teaching of Special Moral Subjects. Chairman: Cyril ran Overbergh (Director-General of Higher Education for Belgium).

VII. The R elation of Moral Education to Education uncler other Aspects. Chairman: Prof. Ferdinand Buisson (University of Paris.)

VIII. The Problems of Moral Education under Varying Conditions of Age and Opportunity. Chairman: The Rt. Hon. Sir WiI­liam Anson, Bt. (University of Oxford).

Biology and Moral EducJ.tion. Chairman: Princc Jean de Tarchanoff (St. Petersburg Academy of Medicine).

Special Moral Instruction lessons will be given in English (Mr. F. J. Gould) in French (Pastor Charle5 Wagner, the author of " The Simple Life "), and in German (Fr!. J annasch).

There will also be an exhibition of books and pictures. The fee (including a Report of some 400 pages) is I~S. 6d. for the

general public, and 7 ' 6d. for teachers. Single day tickets can be had for 25. 6d. Return fares on all lines at single fare and a quarter.

218

It is hoped that there may be a large attendance of the general public and of the teaching profes ion.

Full details may be obtained on writing to the office of th e Con­gress, 13 Buckingham treet, trand, \V.C.

\Ve remain, On behalf of the Executive Committee, Pre. ident, MICHAEL E. ADLER. Hon. Treas., AVEBURY. Chail man, SOl'HIE BRYAXT. Vice-Chairman, J. W. ADAlIl<;O:>1. General Secretary, Gu TA' PILLER.

NOTICES.

:.\Iember of the South Place Ethical ociety who may wi sh to help in any part of it:; work, are cordially invited to place themselves in communication with the ecretaries of the sub-committe ~ having charge of the activities in which they are interested.

S unday Morning Services.- We are asked to dIrect the particular attention of our readers to the fact that the servic s will in future commence at 11 instead of 11.) 5.

Lending LibrarY.-The Lending Libral), Committee, with a view of raiing fund for new books, repair ", and current expenses, are organi ing an Art and Book ale to be held in the Institute early in October; and they will be glad it members and friends will send, addre sed to the Caretaker, gift of books, picture~ . music , curio , or any other article they may think useful. It i hoped tbat contribution will be sent as much in advance as po sible , a, their early receipt will facilitate the nece ary arrangements. The Com­mittee gratefully acknowledge variou " acceptable gifts already received.

Removals .-:'\Ir. G. Kuttner, to 39 High Street, St. john's 'Wood, .W.

~Ir. Robb Lawson, to Alpina, Long Lane, Church End, Finchlcy, N.

:VIr. and Mrs. J. Metcalf, to AIJanbank, Hermor. Hill , South Woodfon.1.

:'\liss E. Phipson, to 10 Hyde Park Man "ions, Marylebone Road , .W.

Marriage.-On August 17th, Eva Harrington to John ;\Ictcalf. Deaths.- On Augut 20th, passed away peacduJly at :-\ Scar-

borough Road ., ' Minnie Clam. Fairhall, aged 24. On August 8th, Alfred :VIarsh. The OUTH PLACE MAGAZINE is published for the Committee by

A. and H. B. Bonner, I and 2 Took's Court, Chancery Lane. It is for sale in the Library of South Place Chapel, and also on the bookstalls of the following Ethical Societies : The West London at Kensington Town Hall; and the South London at the Masonic Hall, Camberwell.

Printed by A. BONNER, 1 & 2 Took's Court. Furnlval Street, Lon~on, E.C.

ASSOCIATES.

Any person in sympathy with the Ohjects 01 the Society, but unable to attend the services l'egu1arly, may become an Associate upon payment of an annual su\)scriplion of not less than five shillings, with the privilege of receiving tl~e monthly magazine and such other puhllcatlons as the Committee may from time. to lime determine. Subscriptions lI1ay be paid in the Library or sent to the Hon. Re~lstrar of Memuers and Associates at above address.

LENDING LIBRARY.-

The Lending Llbral y Is open free to Members of.tlle Soci.ty ~lId Season Tick.t Hold.rs on Sunday mornings before and after the ServIces. ASSOCiates ancl Non·Members of the Society may nnder certain conditions be granted tlle use of the Library IIpon payment of a subscription of 25. 6d. per annul11. T.he Catalo~l1e including a supplement for J9OS'7 is now on sale. price 6d., interleaved copies 9el • Borrowers may procure copies of the new s~pplemenl gratis on applic31!on. SuiJscriptions towards the purchase and repair o{ hool<s are invited. . . . 1 Miss MARY IhwLINGS, ·t 06 Mare Street, IJacl<oey, N.E.

Ho,.. LJbHU,mU WALf.IS MANsFono , ClIerry Tree Court, S3 Atdersgate Slreet, E.C.

TUESDAY EVENING LECTURES. Arrangements have been made with Mr. McCabe for a course of Lectures on The

Evolution of lVlind 11 ",,'ltb );tntern iJ1ustratioT15. to be delivered on Tuesday eveninG's October 20 and 27, and November 3 and 10- furthers particulars will be ~iven in Octob~r.~

floll. Sec., Miss M. PlTTS, 9 Clarencc Road, Wood Green, N.

ETHICS CLASS.

Tbis class will be resumed on Wedne.day, Septell' bEr ~3 at 7.30 p.m. Tbe evening will be devoted to the conclusion of Mill's Utilitarianism, and to the selection of a new book for study. It is hoped tbat all interested in the subject will attend.

Ho". Sec., Miss M. PITTS, 9 Clarence Road, Wood Green, N.

SOUTH PLACE READING CLASS.

The Class Is suspended until October. HERUEIIT BURROW', 99 Sotbeby Road, lJigbbury Park, N.

SOIREES. Tho combined Soiree of tbe London Ethical Societies and tbe Positivist Society will be

beld on Sunday ~vening September 27 when Prof. Felix Adler New York), and Prof. W. Foerster (Berlin) have been invited to speak on Moral Education, aDd the International Congress. Mu,ic. Tea and Coffee. 7 to 10·30.

The Monthly Soir~es will be resumed on Monday, October 5, wben a Whist Drive wl11lake place. In. ending players sbould ~tve tbeir names to the Secretaries In the Library or send them to Mrs. Overy not later tban Sunday, October 4· Tiokets cannot b· bought at tbe doors.

RAMBLERS' SOIREE. Tbe Ramblers' Soir~e wl11 be beld on Thursday. Sept. J7, wben Dr. W. Newton Parker

wl11 read a Paper entitled A Three Weeks' Ramble in Germany. Music by the Misses Swepslone and Mrs. Eva Mdcalf. 7 to 10.30. Tea and Collee.

RAMBLES. Sept. S. Totterldge. Conducted by Mr. N. Lidstone. Meet at Finsbury Park Station

(G.N.Ry.) for 2.3S p.m. train to Finchley, Return fare 8d. Rounders after Tea. Sept. J2. Broxbourne and Wormley. Conducted by Miss G. Gowing. Meet at Liver­

pool St Station for 2.48 p.m. train to Broxbourne. Day excursion ticket J/9. Sept. J9. Northolt and Greenford. Conducted by Mr. F. Herbert Mansford. Meet at

MaJylebone Station (G.C Ry.). for 2 p.m . tram to Northolt Junction. Heturn fare 1/-. Conductor will meet party at Nortbolt Station.

Sept. 26. Stanmore Heath and Harrow Weald (loot~atbs). Conducted by Mr. Gerald Bunn. Train to Harrow CL. & N.W.Ry .) from Broad St, 2.47 p.m. (fare l i3), or flOm Euston 3.JO p.m. (fare Ill). Condllctor will meet party at Harrow Station.

Hon. Sec. alld Tnnsllrer, E. F. ERRINGTON, 22 Gascoyne Rd'l N.E. SUNDAY POPULAR CONCERTS

The TWENTY·THIRD SEASON will begin on Sunday QCI. 4, at 7 p.m, wben the SJ8tb Concert will be given. For this tbe following arrangements bave been made:-

Oct. 4.-SPECIAL I3RA.HMS CONCERT.- I1Islml1lflllnlis/s: Messrs. Cbarles Draper, Jobn Saunders, Charles Wood house, Ernest Yonge, 1. Preuveneers, and Richard H. Waltbew. Vocalist: Mr. 1. Campbell Mclones. Th~ Pro~ramJl1e will Include the Clarinet Quintet i the Pianoforte Quintet; the Sonata in E flat for Clarinet and Pianoforte; and tne Zlgeunerlieder, to be sung by Mr.}. Campbell Melnnes, accom­panied by Mr. Richard H. Walthew.

For tbe announcements of following Concens see the October List. Doors open at 6.30 F.m. Coocerts at 7 p.m. AdmiSSion free wltb Collection. Transferable

'TIckets 2/6 (or 3/61ncludlog Pro~ramme weekly by POSI) admitting to tbe Reserved Seats every Sunday for tbe Half Season from Oct. 4 to Dec. 20 inclusive. Programme slIbscriptlon for Half Season ]/6. Tbe Report of tbe Twenty-second Season Is now ready, and may be bad on appllcatlon.

Committee Meetings on Sept. 6 and 20, at 10.30 a.m., and Sepl. 27, at 6 p.m. Hall. Tuns., FRANK A. HAWKINS, '3 Tburlow Park Rd., Dulwlcb, S.E. HOII. Sec., ALFRED I. CLEMENTS, 25 Cam den Roar!, N.W.

ORCHESTRA.

HOII. Condllclo,: T. EUsTACE BARRALST. TbeTWELFTH SEASON will begin on Friday. Sept. 18, and practices will be held on

that evening and on succeeding Fridays from 7109 p.m. :'ubscription, Five Shilling. for each Half Season, payable in OClober and January. For further particulars, see s~ecial circulars.

Ladles and Gentlemen wishing la Join the Orchestra are reouested to communicate witb the Hm. S<c., A . J. CLEMENTS, 25 Call1deD Road, N.W

PU BLICA'l'IONS.

Th6 jollOtvillg alllOllJ:st pther publicatiolls are 011 Stile ill the Librlfl')' , Farewell Discourses. by Dr. CON WAY ; gd. Centenary History of South Place, by Dr. CON WAY ; IS. 6d. (reduced price). Workers on their Industries; t5. [ul. ReligiOUS Systems of t11e World; 4s . National Life and Thought; 2s.6d. British Empire (Sunday Afternoon Free Lectures). 6 vols. Crown 8vo, with Maps.

Challs, etc. The Set Ss. The Religion of Woman : An Historical Study. by JOS&PH l\ICCABE.2S. Tbe Reprints, etc., of the Rationalist Press Association are also on sale, price 6<1. Lessons for the Day: 47 Dlscounes (unbound), by Dr. Conway, gd.

The GENERAL COMMtTTEE will Illeet on Thursday, Sept 3. Corres~ondence .Ieallng wllb matters for consideration should be forwarded to F. M. Overy althe earliest possible moment. All matters relalln!: to finance should be addressed to Ihe Treasurer.

HONORARY OFFICERS. l.ea,,, .. r: W. RAWL1NGs, 406 Mare Street, Hackney, N.E. Sulttfl.i,,' I Mrs. C. FLKTCIIKR SUITII, -\0 Hi~bbury Place, N.

. FRANK M. OVERY, 42 Algiers Road, Lewiaham, S.E. Rtgutrar of Me.mbtrs aud Associates: G. CATUKltALL, 7 Soutbboro' Road, South Ilackney"

N.E. E.ll/or 0/ Mflgtl ... ": F. W. READ, 65 Barley Road, Harlesden, N.W. LiiJl'ntians JMlss MARY RAWLINGS, 406 Mare Street, Hackney, N.E.

1WALL.s MANSFOR", Cherry Tree Court, 53 Aldersgate Street, E.C. R •. bllj/<Ung Fu"d Tru,I." I J. R. CARTltR. Courtfield, Hoss Road, Wallington, Surrey.

E. CUNN.NOHAM, 61 Cheapslde, E.C.

J. ALDRED. Mrs. ARKLAY. Mrs. BLACKUU RN. C. R. BRACE. A. J. CLEMENTS. E. F. ERRINGTON. Mi5'. H. M. FAlRHALL.

~ulldlng ... Concert Decoration ... Discu8sion ... Finance House Institute Magazine Music Publications Rambles ...

Members of G£IIcral CommittcL T . FERR.S. Mi .. A. FR\,. 1. HALLAM. Miss E. M. JOIINsON. Miss F. A. LAW. N. LIDSTONE. C. E . LIST ER.

1. METCALF. Miss M. RAWLINGS. F. W. READ. JULIAN RONKV. CHRISTIE TAIT. B. S"tONs. W.C. WADE.

Secretanes 0/ Suo-Committees. c. R. BRACE, 62 Cbancery Lane, W.C. A •• FRKn J. CLEMENTS, 25 Camden Road, N.W. Miss HONOR L.DSTONE, 96 B1ackstock Road, N. W. C . WADE, 107 En~le6eld Road, Canonbury, N. W. C. WADE, 107 Englefield Road, CaDonbury, N . Mrs. LIDSTONE, 96 Blackstock Road, Finsbury Park, N. MISS M. P.TTS, 9 Clarence Road, Wood Green, N.

1\I.ss K. JARRETT, 10 Alconbury Road, Upper Clapton, N.E. B. SYMONS, 57Cbancery Lane, W.C. C. E. L,sT~R, 4Z Cleveland Road , South Woodford. E. F. ERRINGTON, zz Gascoyne Road, N .E. WALL.S MANSFORD, Cherry Tree Court, 53 Alder5gate Slreet, I£.C.

I Mrs. F. M. OVERY, 4z Algiers Hoad, Lewisham, S.E. Miss HONOR LlDsroNK, 96 Blackstock Ro~d, N.

Sunday School M.ss F. A. LAW, 59 Montpelier Rd., Peckham, S.E.

Season TIcket

Soiree

Organist H. SMITJI WKBSTER, bg HreCknock Road, N.

The Building i. to be let for Meetings, etc. Forms of application may be had 01 the Caretaker, It South Place, E.C.; and when filled up should be .ent to Mr. N . Lidstone, 96 Blackstock Road. Jo'inabury Park, N.