QUIZ pp. 791-797

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THE HOME FRONT

Differences between WW II and WW I –

1. More of a ‘total war’

2. More widespread and covered most of the globe

3. More economic mobilization

4. More civilians killed

THE MOBILIZATION OF PEOPLES – BRITAIN

British mobilized their resources more completely than any other country

‘Dig for victory’ = increase food production

  Food rationing   The Home Guard 

Economic planning = government organization and administration of the economy

1. Ministry for fuel and power

2. Ministry for production3. Increased production of

war materials4. Most people accepted

the increased govt. control

THE MOBILIZATION OF PEOPLES – SOVIET UNION

The Great Patriotic War = what the Soviets called WW II 2 out of every 5 people killed in the war were Soviet citizens ‘super centralization’ = all military and political affairs were controlled by

Stalin

The siege of Leningrad - 900 days - people forced to eat dogs, cats, and mice

  Factories in the western part of Russia were dismantled and moved east  All emphasis was placed on military production = incredible shortages of

food and housing resulted

Why did the Soviet Union survive and win the war =1. Total mobilization - everything for the war effort2. Stalin and Communist Party used patriotism and Russian nationalism to

motivate the people

THE MOBILIZATION OF PEOPLES –THE UNITED STATES

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THE BOMBING OF CITIES

WW II marked the first widespread aerial bombing of cities and civilian populations

The Blitz = the English term for the German air raids

The destruction of the British city of Coventry  German air raids failed to break civilian morale or bring victory  Starting in 1942 the British started their own bombing campaign

against the Germans - directed by the head of air force Arthur Harris = ‘bomber Harris’

  Incendiary bombs = fire bombing from the air - most famous

example of this war the Allied fire bombing of the German city of Dresden, killed 100,000 people

ALLIED BOMBING

Allied bombing -1. Failed to break the morale of the German

people2. Failed to destroy German industrial

capacity

THE ATOMIC BOMB

1. The Manhattan Project

2. Directed by Robert Oppenheimer

3. Built at a secret lab in the desert at Los Alamos, New Mexico

4. Fear of one million estimated American casualties led to the decision to drop the bombs

5. August 6, 1945 the A-bomb was dropped on Hiroshima/Aug. 9 another dropped on Nagasaki

6. Japan surrenders as a result of the dropping of the A-bombs

“FAT MAN”

OPPENHEIMERAND GEN. GROVES